CN103360079A - Method for customizing core and shell of integrated ceramic mold of hollow turbine blade - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，制备不同配方的氧化铝基陶瓷浆料，在真空环境下用不同的陶瓷浆料同时浇注成型空心涡轮叶片的型芯和型壳，然后经过真空冷冻干燥和烧结，得到具有不同成分和性能差异的陶瓷铸型型芯和型壳。考虑到浇注金属液时型芯和型壳以及不同型芯之间受力状态的差异，以及不同型芯脱芯难易程度的差异，具有不同成分和力学性能的型芯和型壳可以使陶瓷铸型更能满足金属液浇注要求。The invention discloses a method for customizing the core and shell of hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic molds, which prepares alumina-based ceramic slurries of different formulations, and uses different ceramic slurries to simultaneously cast and form hollow turbine blades in a vacuum environment. The core and shell are then vacuum freeze-dried and sintered to obtain ceramic mold cores and shells with different compositions and performance differences. Considering the difference in stress state between the core and shell and different cores when pouring molten metal, as well as the difference in the difficulty of core removal for different cores, cores and shells with different compositions and mechanical properties can make ceramics The casting mold can better meet the requirements of molten metal pouring.

Description

A kind of core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Rapid Casting Technology field, relate to a kind of core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold.

Background technology

Turbine blade is the key position of aircraft engine and internal combustion turbine.But output rating and the fuel saving of the raising Effective Raise internal combustion turbine of fuel gas temperature.Because the temperature that the refractory alloy of preparation turbine blade can bear has reached the limit, the hollow turbine vane with complicated air cooling structure arises at the historic moment.The manufacture method of traditional hollow blade is investment cast, its technical process comprises core mold preparation, coremaking, Wax mold preparation, core and Wax mold assembling, prepares wax-pattern, is coated with ceramic size, shell processed, change a plurality of processing steps such as wax, roasting, casting metal, depoling, and wherein ceramic core, Shell Preparation are basic.At present, the blade with high-efficient cooling structure becomes double wall by solid wall, and the air film hole aperture is also constantly dwindling, and the internal cooling structure is more complicated, and conventional turbine blade manufacturing technology has been proposed challenge.Specifically, the deficiency of full form casting process is embodied in to exist in core and the Wax mold anabolic process in installation error, the castingprocesses and easily produces the aspects such as core shift perforation defective, complex technical process are tediously long.

Integrated ceramic casting mold technology of preparing based on rapid shaping provides new approach for a manufacturing difficult problem that solves hollow turbine vane.This method at first adopts Introduction To Stereolithography to produce the colophony prototype of blade; Secondly, the configuration ceramic size utilizes gel injection molding and forming technology that ceramic size is poured in the colophony prototype; Behind the ceramic size in-situ solidifying, utilize the Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology drying ceramic blank; Then, burn loss of gloss cured resin prototype and finish the sintering process of ceramic body; At last, casting of molten metal after the cooling, carries out depoling to foundry goods and processes, and obtains required hollow turbine vane.

This method provides new approach for the preparation hollow turbine vane, but simultaneously the over-all properties of ceramic-mould is had higher requirement.Along with extensively carrying out of monocrystalline and directed brilliant blade manufacturing, also more and more higher to the mechanical property requirement of ceramic-mould.In the process of casting of molten metal, the stressing conditions between core and shell and the different core is different; In the follow-up depoling process, the different sites core remove also difference to some extent of complexity.

Summary of the invention

The problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold, by pouring into a mould different core and shell with different ceramic sizes, with the ventilation property of raising shell and intensity and the non-deformability of deformability and core.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold comprises the steps:

1) based on photocurable quick shaping process design and the integrated resin die of manufacturing hollow turbine vane, and at the different sites of shell and core cast gate is set respectively;

2) based on gel injection technique, for the shell that will pour into a mould or core, the different ceramic size of preparation solid load;

3) in prepared ceramic size, add catalyzer and initiator and stir, under vacuum environment, pour into a mould simultaneously corresponding ceramic size to the different cast gates of the integrated resin die of hollow turbine vane; Behind the ceramic size in-situ solidifying, form core, the different integrated ceramic base substrate of shell composition;

4) the integrated ceramic base substrate is put into reach in freezer, in base substrate, behind the crystal water fully charge, it is moved to kiln from reach in freezer, by the moisture in the vacuum lyophilization removal integrated ceramic base substrate;

5) after moisture is removed fully in the integrated ceramic base substrate, the integrated ceramic base substrate is carried out sintering, obtain the hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold of core, type shell material differentiation.

Castability according to shell, core requires to select different ceramic sizes to be:

In assurance sintering strength and precision situation, require to select to pour into a mould the ceramic size of shell from improving ventilation property and deformability;

In assurance sintering strength and precision situation, select to pour into a mould the ceramic size of core from improving intensity and easy detachability.

The ceramic size of described cast shell is the ceramic size that contains aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and titanium oxide, and its solid load is less than 60%;

The ceramic size of cast core is the ceramic size that contains aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, nano silicon oxide, and its solid load is greater than 60%.

The ceramic size of described cast shell can guarantee sintering strength and precision, can also improve porosity and satisfy shell to ventilation property and deformability requirement;

The ceramic size of described cast core can form the strengthening phase mullite in sintering process, can the Effective Raise sintering strength; Under the prerequisite that guarantees slurry fluidity, more improve its solid load, thereby the density that more can improve ceramic post sintering improves sintering strength.

Being prepared as of described ceramic size:

1) press the gel injection processing requirement, with acrylamide, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and the sodium polyacrylate of certain mass ratio, add deionized water after mixing, stirring and dissolving is mixed with organism quality concentration and is 10～20% premixed liquid;

2) by the requirement preparation solid powder of the ceramic size of the ceramic size of cast shell, cast core;

3) solid powder is joined respectively in the premixed liquid, fully stir, disperse, and to regulate pH be 9～11, obtain respectively pouring into a mould the ceramic size of shell, the ceramic size of cast core.

The solid powder of the ceramic size of described cast shell comprises the oxide compound of following component:

85～90 parts aluminum oxide, 1～5 part magnesium oxide, 5～10 parts yttrium oxide, 0.2～1 part titanium oxide; Wherein aluminum oxide comprises that at least particle diameter is two kinds of particles of 30～40 μ m and 2～5 μ m; The size of magnesium oxide, titanium oxide is 30～40 μ m; The size of yttrium oxide is 2～5 μ m;

The solid powder of the ceramic size of cast core comprises the oxide compound of following component:

80～90 parts aluminum oxide, 2～5 parts magnesium oxide, 0.2～0.5 part silicon oxide; Wherein aluminum oxide comprises that at least particle diameter is two kinds of particles of 30～40 μ m and 2～5 μ m; Magnesian size is 30～40 μ m, and the silicon oxide size is 20～30nm.

The integrated resin die of described hollow turbine vane is provided with a plurality of cast gates, pours into a mould a kind of ceramic size with a certain casting mold of moulding position by a cast gate.

Described under vacuum environment during the cast ceramics slurry, vacuum tightness is set as the threshold value that ceramic size does not seethe with excitement.

Described ceramic size is poured into a mould to the integrated resin die of hollow turbine vane by the vacuum casting machine, and provides by the vacuum casting machine and to add vibration to promote the discharge of bubble in the ceramic size in the casting process.

Temperature when described integrated ceramic base carries out sintering is 1250～1350 ℃.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:

The core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold provided by the invention, under the prerequisite that satisfies the aspects such as refractoriness, intensity, non-deformability, by pouring into a mould different ceramic sizes to the different cast gates of resin die, realized the customization of the integrated ceramic casting mold of materials variances between core and shell and the different core.And the difference of core and shell green ceramic material composition will inevitably cause the different of Low fire ceramic casting mold mechanical property, the core with mechanical property difference and the shell prepared, thus satisfy the different requirement of core and the shell of casting mold.The difference of strained condition between core and shell and the different core when considering casting of molten metal, and the difference of different core depoling complexities, core and shell with heterogeneity and mechanical property can make ceramic-mould more can satisfy the pouring metal melt requirement.

Further, the present invention is by core and shell with different ceramic size cast preparation casting molds, (the relative shell of core deformability is little with deformability can to make shell have certain ventilation property, precision with internal cooling channel behind the assurance blade castable), and make core have higher intensity, non-deformability and easier removing, the over-all properties of hollow turbine vane core shell integrated ceramic casting mold will increase, thereby satisfies monocrystalline and the requirement of directed brilliant blade casting technique.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of photocuring paddle prototype;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram with the resin die cad model of cast gate;

Fig. 3 is the type shell material microstructure.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.

The core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold provided by the invention comprises the steps:

1) based on photocurable quick shaping process design and the integrated resin die of manufacturing hollow turbine vane, and at the different sites of shell and core cast gate is set respectively;

2) based on gel injection technique, for the shell that will pour into a mould or core, the different ceramic size of preparation solid load;

3) in prepared ceramic size, add catalyzer and initiator and stir, under vacuum environment, pour into a mould simultaneously corresponding ceramic size to the different cast gates of the integrated resin die of hollow turbine vane; Behind the ceramic size in-situ solidifying, form core, the different integrated ceramic base substrate of shell composition;

4) the integrated ceramic base substrate is put into reach in freezer, in base substrate, behind the crystal water fully charge, it is moved to kiln from reach in freezer, by the moisture in the vacuum lyophilization removal integrated ceramic base substrate;

5) after moisture is removed fully in the integrated ceramic base substrate, the integrated ceramic base substrate is carried out sintering, obtain the hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold of core, type shell material differentiation.

Further, the castability according to shell, core requires to select different ceramic sizes to be:

In assurance sintering strength and precision situation, require to select to pour into a mould the ceramic size of shell from improving ventilation property and deformability;

In assurance sintering strength and precision situation, select to pour into a mould the ceramic size of core from improving intensity and easy detachability.

Concrete, the ceramic size of cast shell is the ceramic size that contains aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and titanium oxide, its solid load is less than 60%; The ceramic size of described cast shell can guarantee sintering strength and precision, can also improve porosity and satisfy shell to ventilation property and deformability requirement;

The ceramic size of cast core is the ceramic size that contains aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, nano silicon oxide, and its solid load is greater than 60%.The ceramic size of described cast core can form the strengthening phase mullite in sintering process, can the Effective Raise sintering strength; Under the prerequisite that guarantees slurry fluidity, more improve its solid load, thereby the density that more can improve ceramic post sintering improves sintering strength.

And the solid powder of the ceramic size of cast shell comprises the oxide compound of following component:

85～90 parts aluminum oxide, 1～5 part magnesium oxide, 5～10 parts yttrium oxide, 0.2～1 part titanium oxide; Wherein aluminum oxide comprises that at least particle diameter is two kinds of particles of 30～40 μ m and 2～5 μ m; The size of magnesium oxide, titanium oxide is 30～40 μ m; The size of yttrium oxide is 2～5 μ m;

The solid powder of the ceramic size of cast core comprises the oxide compound of following component:

80～90 parts aluminum oxide, 2～5 parts magnesium oxide, 0.2～0.5 part silicon oxide; Wherein aluminum oxide comprises that at least particle diameter is two kinds of particles of 30～40 μ m and 2～5 μ m; Magnesian size is 30～40 μ m, and the silicon oxide size is 20～30nm.

According to the castability requirement of ascending-type core pattern shell, below embodiment pour into a mould respectively core and shell with four kinds of ceramic sizes of heterogeneity or different solid loads, be intended to illustrate hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold core shell method for customizing.Can adopt two, three or core and the shell of more kinds of ceramic size cast integrated ceramic casting mold in concrete the application.

The alumina-based ceramic that contains sintering aid magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and titanium oxide, control its solid load less than 60%, can guarantee sintering strength and precision on the one hand, can realize that on the other hand high porosity to satisfy ventilation property and deformability requirement, is comparatively desirable type shell material.

The alumina-ceramic powder that contains nano silicon oxide can form the strengthening phase mullite in sintering process, but the Effective Raise sintering strength; Improve as far as possible solid load (being controlled at more than 60%) under the prerequisite that guarantees slurry fluidity, thereby the density that can improve ceramic post sintering improves sintering strength, the pottery of this composition and solid load is comparatively desirable core material.

Embodiment 1

The core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold comprises the steps:

1) make the hollow turbine vane resin die by light-curing rapid forming equipment, molding resin is 8981 resins.This resin die is designed with 4 cast gates, and wherein 1 in order to pouring into a mould shell, and 3 in order to pour into a mould core, and the cad model of photocuring paddle prototype (simplification) and resin die as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

2) based on gel injection technique, make ceramic size:

At first with organic monomer AM(acrylamide) and linking agent MBAM(N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide) is dissolved in the deionized water according to mass ratio 24:1, add again an amount of dispersion agent (dispersion agent add-on be powder quality 2%), stirring and dissolving is mixed with organic concentration and is 15% premixed liquid.

2) take by weighing by a certain percentage powder 1 and powder 2, and powder is mixed in container;

In mass fraction, wherein, powder 1 comprises 59.5 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 30 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 2 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 8 parts of particle diameter 3 μ m yttrium oxide, 0.5 part particle diameter 40 μ m titanium oxide;

Powder 2 comprises 64 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 31.5 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 4 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 0.5 part particle diameter 20nm silicon oxide;

3) premixed liquid is poured in the ball grinder, in powder 1 and powder 2 difference adding premixed liquid in batches, stirred, add proper ammonia and regulate PH to 9～11, make respectively the ceramic size of cast shell, the ceramic size of cast core.Wherein preparing solid load with powder 1 is 58% cast shell ceramic size, prepare the ceramic size that solid load is the cast core of 60%, 62% and 64% solid load with powder 2, and number consecutively is slurry 1, slurry 2, slurry 3 and slurry 4.In slurry 2,3,4, add successively several red, blue, black inks, be convenient to the different ceramic sizes of later observation pour into a mould at the same time with solidification process in degree of mixing.

Adding the corundum abrading-ball according to pellet mass ratio 1:2.5, is 360r/min with the planetary ball mill speed adjustment, and ball milling 60min disperses, and obtains the ceramic size of good fluidity.

4) in four kinds of ceramic sizes, successively add catalyzer TEMED(Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine) and initiator A PS(ammonium persulfate solution), stir after at the type vacuum injecting and forming machine upper in resin die, pour into a mould simultaneously different cores and shell by four cast gates of resin die with four kinds of different slurries.In 5～15min, the ceramic size in-situ solidifying forms ceramic body.

5) after slurry fully solidifies, ceramic body is put into-60 ℃ reach in freezer; In base substrate, behind the crystal water fully charge, base substrate is put into kiln, by the moisture in the vacuum freeze-drying technique removal base substrate.

6) behind the base substrate complete drying, remove the surface resin shell, cut the base substrate of one of them, observe core shell color, only have the structural transition junction of different ceramic sizes cast to have local color to mix, illustrate pour into a mould with solidification process in different slurries without obvious mixing.Other base substrates are put into high temperature sintering furnace carry out sintering, sintering temperature is 1250 ℃.After sintering is finished, obtain the integrated ceramic casting mold of core type shell material differentiation.

Observe differing materials transition junction flawless by CT scan.By scanning electron microscopic observation (Fig. 2, wherein relatively large shape thing is mainly large particle diameter alumina powder, fine particle is mainly the alumina powder of small particle size), the result shows and has a large amount of holes (the actual measurement porosity surpasses 40%) in the shell stupalith after burning till, satisfy the gas permeability requirements of casting of molten metal, high porosity also helps to improve the deformability of stupalith.

Embodiment 2

The core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold comprises the steps:

1) make the hollow turbine vane resin die by light-curing rapid forming equipment, molding resin is 8981 resins.This resin die is designed with 4 cast gates, and wherein 1 in order to pour into a mould shell, and 3 in order to pour into a mould core.

2) based on gel injection technique, make ceramic size:

At first with organic monomer AM(acrylamide) and linking agent MBAM(N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide) is dissolved in the deionized water according to mass ratio 24:1, add again an amount of dispersion agent (dispersion agent add-on be powder quality 2%), stirring and dissolving is mixed with organic concentration and is 20% premixed liquid.

2) take by weighing by a certain percentage powder 1 and powder 2, and powder is mixed in container;

In mass fraction, wherein, powder 1 comprises 59 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 30 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 4 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 6 parts of particle diameter 3 μ m yttrium oxide, 1 part particle diameter 40 μ m titanium oxide;

Powder 2 comprises 63.5 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 31 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 5 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 0.5 part particle diameter 20nm silicon oxide;

3) premixed liquid is poured in the ball grinder, in powder 1 and powder 2 difference adding premixed liquid in batches, stirred, add proper ammonia and regulate PH to 9～11, make respectively the ceramic size of cast shell, the ceramic size of cast core.Wherein preparing solid load with powder 1 is 58.5% cast shell ceramic size, prepare the ceramic size that solid load is the cast core of 60%, 63% and 65% solid load with powder 2, and number consecutively is slurry 1, slurry 2, slurry 3 and slurry 4.In slurry 2,3,4, add successively several red, blue, black inks, be convenient to the different ceramic sizes of later observation pour into a mould at the same time with solidification process in degree of mixing.

Adding the corundum abrading-ball according to pellet mass ratio 1:2.5, is 360r/min with the planetary ball mill speed adjustment, and ball milling 60min disperses, and obtains the ceramic size of good fluidity.

4) in four kinds of ceramic sizes, successively add catalyzer TEMED(Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine) and initiator A PS(ammonium persulfate solution), stir after at the type vacuum injecting and forming machine upper in resin die, pour into a mould simultaneously different cores and shell by four cast gates of resin die with four kinds of different slurries.In 5～15min, the ceramic size in-situ solidifying forms ceramic body.

5) after slurry fully solidifies, ceramic body is put into-60 ℃ reach in freezer; In base substrate, behind the crystal water fully charge, base substrate is put into kiln, by the moisture in the vacuum freeze-drying technique removal base substrate.

6) behind the base substrate complete drying, remove the surface resin shell, cut the base substrate of one of them, observe core shell color, only have the structural transition junction of different ceramic sizes cast to have local color to mix, illustrate pour into a mould with solidification process in different slurries without obvious mixing.Other base substrates are put into high temperature sintering furnace carry out sintering, sintering temperature is 1350 ℃.After sintering is finished, obtain the integrated ceramic casting mold of core type shell material differentiation.

Embodiment 3

The core shell method for customizing of hollow turbine vane integrated ceramic casting mold comprises the steps:

1) make the hollow turbine vane resin die by light-curing rapid forming equipment, molding resin is 8981 resins.This resin die is designed with 2 cast gates, and wherein 1 in order to pour into a mould shell, and 1 in order to pour into a mould core.

2) based on gel injection technique, make ceramic size:

At first with organic monomer AM(acrylamide) and linking agent MBAM(N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide) is dissolved in the deionized water according to mass ratio 24:1, add again an amount of dispersion agent (dispersion agent add-on be powder quality 2%), stirring and dissolving is mixed with organic concentration and is 20% premixed liquid.

2) take by weighing by a certain percentage powder 1 and powder 2, and powder is mixed in container;

In mass fraction, wherein, powder 1 comprises 59.5 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 30 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 2 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 8 parts of particle diameter 3 μ m yttrium oxide, 0.5 part particle diameter 40 μ m titanium oxide;

Powder 2 comprises 64 parts particle diameter 40 μ m aluminum oxide, 31.5 parts particle diameter 2 μ m aluminum oxide, 4 parts particle diameter 40 μ m magnesium oxide, 0.5 part particle diameter 20nm silicon oxide;

3) premixed liquid is poured in the ball grinder, in powder 1 and powder 2 difference adding premixed liquid in batches, stirred, add proper ammonia and regulate PH to 9～11, make respectively the ceramic size of cast shell, the ceramic size of cast core.Wherein preparing solid load with powder 1 is 56.5% cast shell ceramic size, prepare the ceramic size that solid load is the cast core of 64% solid load with powder 2, and number consecutively is slurry 1, slurry 2, slurry 3 and slurry 4.In slurry 2,3,4, add successively several red, blue, black inks, be convenient to the different ceramic sizes of later observation pour into a mould at the same time with solidification process in degree of mixing.

Adding the corundum abrading-ball according to pellet mass ratio 1:2.5, is 360r/min with the planetary ball mill speed adjustment, and ball milling 60min disperses, and obtains the ceramic size of good fluidity.

4) in four kinds of ceramic sizes, successively add catalyzer TEMED(Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine) and initiator A PS(ammonium persulfate solution), stir after at the type vacuum injecting and forming machine upper in resin die, pour into a mould simultaneously different cores and shell by four cast gates of resin die with four kinds of different slurries.In 5～15min, the ceramic size in-situ solidifying forms ceramic body.

5) after slurry fully solidifies, ceramic body is put into-60 ℃ reach in freezer; In base substrate, behind the crystal water fully charge, base substrate is put into kiln, by the moisture in the vacuum freeze-drying technique removal base substrate.

6) behind the base substrate complete drying, remove the surface resin shell, cut the base substrate of one of them, observe core shell color, only have the structural transition junction of different ceramic sizes cast to have local color to mix, illustrate pour into a mould with solidification process in different slurries without obvious mixing.Other base substrates are put into high temperature sintering furnace carry out sintering, sintering temperature is 1250 ℃.After sintering is finished, obtain the integrated ceramic casting mold of core type shell material differentiation.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1. A method for customizing the core shell of a hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold, characterized in that, comprising the steps:1）基于光固化快速成型工艺设计并制造空心涡轮叶片一体化树脂模具，并在型壳和型芯的不同部位分别设置浇口；1) Design and manufacture the hollow turbine blade integrated resin mold based on the light-curing rapid prototyping process, and set gates at different parts of the shell and core;2）基于凝胶注模工艺，针对所要浇注的型壳或型芯，制备固相含量不同的陶瓷浆料；2) Based on the gel casting process, prepare ceramic slurries with different solid phase contents for the shell or core to be poured;3）在所制备的陶瓷浆料中加入催化剂和引发剂并搅拌均匀，在真空环境下，向空心涡轮叶片一体化树脂模具的不同浇口同时浇注所对应的陶瓷浆料；待陶瓷浆料原位固化后，形成型芯、型壳成分不同的一体化陶瓷坯体；3) Add catalyst and initiator to the prepared ceramic slurry and stir evenly, and pour the corresponding ceramic slurry to different gates of the hollow turbine blade integrated resin mold at the same time under vacuum environment; After solidification, an integrated ceramic green body with different core and shell components is formed;4）将一体化陶瓷坯体放入冷冻柜中，待坯体中结晶水完全冻结后，将其从冷冻柜移至干燥室，通过真空冷冻干燥去除一体化陶瓷坯体中的水分；4) Put the integrated ceramic body into the freezer, and after the crystal water in the body is completely frozen, move it from the freezer to the drying room, and remove the moisture in the integrated ceramic body by vacuum freeze-drying;5）待一体化陶瓷坯体中水分完全去除后，对一体化陶瓷坯体进行烧结，获得型芯、型壳材料差异化的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型。5) After the moisture in the integrated ceramic body is completely removed, the integrated ceramic body is sintered to obtain a hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold with differentiated core and shell materials.2.如权利要求1所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，根据型壳、型芯的铸造性能要求选择不同的陶瓷浆料为：2. The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selection of different ceramic slurries according to the casting performance requirements of the shell and the core is:在保证烧结强度和精度情况下从提高透气性和退让性要求来选择浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料；In the case of ensuring the sintering strength and precision, the ceramic slurry for casting the shell is selected from the requirements of improving air permeability and retreat;在保证烧结强度和精度情况下从提高强度和易脱除性来选择浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料。In the case of ensuring the sintering strength and precision, the ceramic slurry for casting the core is selected from the perspective of improving the strength and ease of removal.3.如权利要求1或2所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料为含有氧化铝、氧化镁、氧化钇和氧化钛的陶瓷浆料，其固相含量小于60%；3. The method for customizing the core shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic casting mold as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceramic slurry of the pouring mold shell contains aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and oxide Titanium ceramic slurry with a solid phase content of less than 60%;浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料为含有氧化铝、氧化镁、纳米氧化硅的陶瓷浆料，其固相含量大于60%。The ceramic slurry for casting the core is a ceramic slurry containing alumina, magnesia, and nano-silicon oxide, and its solid phase content is greater than 60%.4.如权利要求3所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，所述的浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料能够保证烧结强度和精度，还能够提高孔隙率满足型壳对透气性和退让性要求；4. The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ceramic slurry for casting the shell can ensure the sintering strength and precision, and can also improve the porosity The rate meets the air permeability and concession requirements of the shell;所述的浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料在烧结过程中会形成强化相莫来石，能够有效提高烧结强度；在保证浆料流动性的前提下越提高其固相含量，越能够提高陶瓷烧结的致密度从而提高烧结强度。During the sintering process, the ceramic slurry of the casting core will form a strengthening phase mullite, which can effectively improve the sintering strength; the more the solid phase content is increased under the premise of ensuring the fluidity of the slurry, the more the sintering efficiency of the ceramic can be improved. Density increases the sintering strength.5.如权利要求3所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，所述的陶瓷浆料的制备为：5. The method for customizing the core shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation of the ceramic slurry is as follows:1）按凝胶注模工艺要求，将一定质量比例的丙烯酰胺、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和聚丙烯酸钠，混合后加入去离子水，搅拌溶解，配制成有机物质量浓度为10～20%的预混液；1) According to the requirements of the gel injection molding process, mix acrylamide, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate in a certain mass proportion, add deionized water, stir and dissolve, and prepare the organic matter concentration of 10 ~20% premix;2）按浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料、浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料的要求配制固体粉料；2) Prepare solid powder according to the requirements of the ceramic slurry for casting the shell and the ceramic slurry for casting the core;3）将固体粉料分别加入到预混液中，充分搅拌、分散，并调节pH为9～11，分别得到浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料、浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料。3) Add the solid powder into the premixed liquid respectively, fully stir and disperse, and adjust the pH to 9-11 to obtain the ceramic slurry for casting the shell and the ceramic slurry for casting the core respectively.6.如权利要求3所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，浇注型壳的陶瓷浆料的固体粉料包括以下组分的氧化物：6. The method for customizing the core shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic casting mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein the solid powder of the ceramic slurry of the pouring shell comprises the oxide of the following components:85～90份的氧化铝、1～5份的氧化镁、5～10份的氧化钇、0.2～1份的氧化钛；其中氧化铝至少包括粒径为30～40μm和2～5μm的两种颗粒；氧化镁、氧化钛的粒径大小均为30～40μm；氧化钇的粒径大小为2～5μm；85 to 90 parts of alumina, 1 to 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 to 10 parts of yttrium oxide, and 0.2 to 1 part of titanium oxide; wherein alumina includes at least two types of particles with a particle size of 30 to 40 μm and 2 to 5 μm Particles; the particle size of magnesium oxide and titanium oxide is 30-40 μm; the particle size of yttrium oxide is 2-5 μm;浇注型芯的陶瓷浆料的固体粉料包括以下组分的氧化物：The solid powder of the ceramic slurry for casting the core includes oxides of the following components:80～90份的氧化铝、2～5份的氧化镁，0.2～0.5份的氧化硅；其中氧化铝至少包括粒径为30～40μm和2～5μm的两种颗粒；氧化镁的粒径大小均为30～40μm，氧化硅粒径大小为20～30nm。80-90 parts of alumina, 2-5 parts of magnesia, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon oxide; the alumina includes at least two particles with a particle size of 30-40 μm and 2-5 μm; the particle size of magnesia Both are 30-40 μm, and the silicon oxide particle size is 20-30 nm.7.如权利要求1所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，空心涡轮叶片一体化树脂模具上设有多个浇口，通过一个浇口浇注一种陶瓷浆料以成型某一铸型部位。7. The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hollow turbine blade integrated resin mold is provided with a plurality of gates, and a gate is poured through one gate. A ceramic slurry to form a certain mold part.8.如权利要求1所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，在真空环境下浇注陶瓷浆料时，真空度设定为陶瓷浆料不沸腾的临界值。8. The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 1, wherein when pouring the ceramic slurry in a vacuum environment, the degree of vacuum is set so that the ceramic slurry does not boil. critical value.9.如权利要求1所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，陶瓷浆料通过真空铸型机向空心涡轮叶片一体化树脂模具进行浇注，并且通过真空铸型机提供外加振动以促进浇注过程中陶瓷浆料中气泡的排出。9. The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic mold as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ceramic slurry is poured into the hollow turbine blade integrated resin mold through a vacuum casting machine, and is passed through The vacuum casting machine provides external vibration to facilitate the discharge of air bubbles in the ceramic slurry during casting.10.如权利要求1所述的空心涡轮叶片一体化陶瓷铸型的型芯型壳定制方法，其特征在于，所述一体化陶瓷坯进行烧结时的温度为1250～1350℃。10 . The method for customizing the core and shell of the hollow turbine blade integrated ceramic casting mold according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the integrated ceramic blank is 1250-1350° C. when sintering. 11 .

Images