CN103337886A - Wind and light storage micro-grid system for industrial park - Google Patents
Wind and light storage micro-grid system for industrial parkDownload PDFInfo
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- CN103337886A CN103337886ACN2013102499024ACN201310249902ACN103337886ACN 103337886 ACN103337886 ACN 103337886ACN 2013102499024 ACN2013102499024 ACN 2013102499024ACN 201310249902 ACN201310249902 ACN 201310249902ACN 103337886 ACN103337886 ACN 103337886A
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于微电网技术领域，尤其是一种工业园区风光储微网系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-grids, in particular to an industrial park wind-solar-storage micro-grid system.
背景技术Background technique
进入21世纪以来，中国的资源环境问题日益突出。为实现经济社会可持续发展，必须实施节能减排战略，发展清洁能源是节能减排战略的关键环节。随着国家电网公司智能电网战略的全面启动，建设分布式能源、储能及微网如火如荼的开展起来，各种分布式能源的建成与投运，需要迫切研究解决各类分布式能源、储能以及微网的联合控制与调度问题，实现电网的经济运行与调度。针对市场潜力巨大，面向工业用户的工业园区风光储微网逐步形成建立，以满足工业用户对节能减排及高质量供电的需求。例如，华北电力大学提供了分布式发电在工业园区的设想，并提出了整体协调控制方法，并通过是园区内生物质发电系统中各个单元之间的产品、副产品、废物，以及能量和水的交换，实现电力生态工业园区的设想；北京电力科学研究院也提出了工业用户分布式电源并网的发展对策，但目前研究主要针对以提高用能效率的冷热电联产系统，尚未见关于风光储微网的报道。Since entering the 21st century, China's resource and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. In order to achieve sustainable economic and social development, energy conservation and emission reduction strategies must be implemented, and the development of clean energy is a key link in energy conservation and emission reduction strategies. With the full launch of the State Grid Corporation's smart grid strategy, the construction of distributed energy, energy storage, and micro-grids are in full swing. The construction and operation of various distributed energy sources require urgent research and solutions As well as the joint control and dispatching of microgrids, the economical operation and dispatching of power grids can be realized. In view of the huge market potential, industrial park wind and storage micro-grids for industrial users have gradually been established to meet the needs of industrial users for energy saving, emission reduction and high-quality power supply. For example, North China Electric Power University provided the idea of distributed power generation in the industrial park, and proposed an overall coordinated control method, and through the products, by-products, waste, energy and water between the various units in the biomass power generation system in the park Exchange, to realize the idea of electric power eco-industrial park; Beijing Electric Power Research Institute also put forward the development countermeasures of distributed power grid connection for industrial users, but the current research is mainly aimed at the combined cooling, heating and power system to improve energy efficiency, and no relevant information has been found yet. A report on wind and solar storage micro-grid.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种设计合理、成本低、效率高的工业园区风光储微网系统。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a wind-solar-storage micro-grid system in an industrial park with reasonable design, low cost and high efficiency.
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes by taking the following technical solutions:
一种工业园区风光储微网系统，包括风光发电装置、发电系统测控终端、储能单元、逆变装置和远端控制主站，风光发电装置的输入端与风能装置及太阳能装置相连接，风光发电装置与发电系统测控装置，储能单元与逆变装置相连接，风光发电装置输出端及逆变装置的输出端接入到电网中或者连接到负载为其供电，发电系统测控终端与逆变装置相连接，发电系统测控装置与远端控制主站相连接。A wind-solar-storage micro-grid system in an industrial park, including a wind-solar power generation device, a power generation system measurement and control terminal, an energy storage unit, an inverter device, and a remote control master station. The power generation device and the power generation system measurement and control device, the energy storage unit is connected to the inverter device, the output end of the wind and solar power generation device and the output end of the inverter device are connected to the grid or connected to the load for power supply, the power generation system measurement and control terminal is connected to the inverter The device is connected, and the measurement and control device of the power generation system is connected with the remote control master station.
而且，所述的风光发电装置通过RS232接口与发电系统测控装置相连接；所述的发电系统测控终端通过RS232接口与逆变装置相连接，所述的发电系统测控装置通过RS485接口与远端控制主站相连接。Moreover, the wind power generation device is connected to the power generation system measurement and control device through the RS232 interface; the power generation system measurement and control terminal is connected to the inverter device through the RS232 interface, and the power generation system measurement and control device is connected to the remote control device through the RS485 interface. connected to the master station.
而且，所述的风能装置和太阳能装置分别通过断路器与风光发电装置相连接，所述逆变装置通过断路器与电网或负载相连接，所述储能单元通过熔断器与逆变装置相连接。Moreover, the wind energy device and the solar device are respectively connected to the wind and wind power generation device through a circuit breaker, the inverter device is connected to the grid or load through a circuit breaker, and the energy storage unit is connected to the inverter device through a fuse .
而且，所述的发电系统测控终端采用的是单相风光储发电系统测控终端。Moreover, the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system adopts the measurement and control terminal of a single-phase wind-solar-storage power generation system.
而且，所述的逆变装置采用全自动工频变压器隔离型、纯正弦波输出、充电一体的并网型双向逆变装置。Moreover, the inverter device adopts a fully automatic power frequency transformer isolation type, a pure sine wave output, and a grid-connected bidirectional inverter device integrated with charging.
而且，所述的储能单元采用锂离子电池。Moreover, the energy storage unit adopts a lithium-ion battery.
本发明的优点和积极效果是：Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:
本发明有效地将风力发电、光伏发电、储能、离网逆变、并网馈电等功能集成在一起，实现多功能电能变换功能；同时，发电系统测控终端与远端控制主站相连接，实时监控微网的动态，实现遥测、遥信、遥控等功能，并能够获得侧控制终端的所有记录数据并进行参数整定。具有节能环保、成本低、效率高且性能稳定等特点。The invention effectively integrates the functions of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, off-grid inverter, grid-connected power feeding, etc., and realizes the multifunctional power conversion function; at the same time, the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system is connected with the remote control master station , monitor the dynamics of the micro-grid in real time, realize telemetry, remote signaling, remote control and other functions, and can obtain all recorded data of the side control terminal and perform parameter setting. It has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection, low cost, high efficiency and stable performance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的系统连接示意图；Fig. 1 is the system connection schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明的实际应用示意图；Fig. 2 is the practical application schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的工作流程示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明做进一步详述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
一种工业园区风光储微网系统，如图1所示，包括风光发电装置、发电系统测控终端、储能单元、逆变装置和远端控制主站，风光发电装置的输入端与风能装置及太阳能装置相连接，风光发电装置通过RS232接口与发电系统测控装置，储能单元与逆变装置相连接，风光发电装置输出端及逆变装置的输出端接入到电网中或者连接到负载为其供电，发电系统测控终端通过RS232接口与逆变装置相连接，发电系统测控装置通过RS485接口与远端控制主站相连接。在本实施例中，发电系统测控终端采用的是单相风光储发电系统测控终端。下面对系统中的各个部分分别进行说明：A wind-solar-storage micro-grid system in an industrial park, as shown in Figure 1, includes a wind-solar power generation device, a power generation system measurement and control terminal, an energy storage unit, an inverter device, and a remote control master station, the input terminal of the wind-solar power generation device and the wind energy device and The solar energy device is connected, the wind and wind power generation device is connected to the measurement and control device of the power generation system through the RS232 interface, the energy storage unit is connected to the inverter device, and the output end of the wind and wind power generation device and the output end of the inverter device are connected to the grid or connected to the load for its For power supply, the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system is connected to the inverter device through the RS232 interface, and the measurement and control device of the power generation system is connected to the remote control master station through the RS485 interface. In this embodiment, the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system is a measurement and control terminal of a single-phase wind-solar-storage-storage power generation system. Each part of the system is described below:
远端控制主站与发电系统测控终端相连接用于实时监控整个系统运行状态，并可以对可对风光储微网系统的参数进行设定和修改，同时可以对系统中的风光发电装置及负载进行控制。The remote control master station is connected with the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system to monitor the operating status of the entire system in real time, and can set and modify the parameters of the wind-solar-storage micro-grid system, and at the same time can control the wind power generation devices and loads in the system Take control.
单相风光储发电系统测控终端通过RS232接口与风光发电装置相连接可以检测风力发电机、光伏板、蓄电池的电参数据。单相风光储发电系统测控终端可以检测并记录逆变装置、MPPT、风机的各种电气数据，并传输给监控中心。同时具备8路开关量输入接口用于测量外部开关状态，具有6路继电器输出接口用于连接报警装置或控制开关，具有2路交流电压和2路交流电流的模拟量输入功能。如果需要对测控终端进行程序维护和升级，可以直接通过远端控制主站对测控终端的程序进行下载，无需现场维护。The measurement and control terminal of the single-phase wind-solar-storage power generation system is connected to the wind-wind power generation device through the RS232 interface to detect the electrical parameter data of the wind turbine, photovoltaic panels, and batteries. The measurement and control terminal of the single-phase wind-solar-storage power generation system can detect and record various electrical data of the inverter device, MPPT, and wind turbine, and transmit them to the monitoring center. At the same time, it has 8 switch input interfaces for measuring the external switch status, 6 relay output interfaces for connecting alarm devices or control switches, and 2 analog input functions of AC voltage and 2 AC current. If you need to maintain and upgrade the program of the measurement and control terminal, you can directly download the program of the measurement and control terminal through the remote control master station without on-site maintenance.
风光发电装置是在在发电系统测控终端控制下进行工作，其采用PWM方式控制风机和太阳能电池对蓄电池进行安全高效的限流限压充电，保证蓄电池电压稳定。风光发电装置配置有液晶模块用于显示蓄电池电压、风机电压、光电池电压、风机功率、光电池功率、风机电流、光电池电流、蓄电池电量状态。同时具有完善的保护功能，包括太阳能电池防反冲、防反接、蓄电池过充电、防反接、防雷、风机限流、风机自动手刹和手动手刹功能，同时具有自动同步并网功能。该风光发电装置可以在发电系统测控终端控制下进行工作。The wind power generation device works under the control of the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system. It uses PWM to control the fan and solar cells to charge the battery with safe and efficient current-limited and voltage-limited charging to ensure the stability of the battery voltage. The wind and solar power generation device is equipped with a liquid crystal module for displaying battery voltage, wind turbine voltage, photovoltaic cell voltage, wind turbine power, photovoltaic cell power, wind turbine current, photovoltaic cell current, and battery power status. At the same time, it has perfect protection functions, including solar battery anti-recoil, anti-reverse connection, battery overcharge, anti-reverse connection, lightning protection, fan current limiting, fan automatic handbrake and manual handbrake functions, and has automatic synchronous grid connection function. The wind and wind power generation device can work under the control of the measurement and control terminal of the power generation system.
逆变装置采用全自动工频变压器隔离型、纯正弦波输出、充电一体的并网型双向逆变装置，可将48V直流母线能量转换成与电网同频率的交流电，并将电能馈入电网或给负载供电，也可将电网的交流电转换成直流电给蓄电池充电。可实现并网或离网运行无扰动切换。The inverter device adopts a fully automatic power frequency transformer isolation type, pure sine wave output, and a grid-connected bidirectional inverter device integrated with charging, which can convert the energy of the 48V DC bus into alternating current with the same frequency as the grid, and feed the electric energy into the grid or To supply power to the load, it can also convert the alternating current of the grid into direct current to charge the battery. It can realize undisturbed switching between grid-connected or off-grid operation.
储能单元采用锂离子电池，锂离子电池单体输出电压高、工作温度范围宽、能量高、效率低且自放电率低。The energy storage unit adopts lithium-ion batteries, which have high output voltage, wide operating temperature range, high energy, low efficiency and low self-discharge rate.
图2给出了本发明的实际应用系统连接图，图3给出了实际应用系统的处理流程图，在图中，实线表示功率回路，虚线表示信号回路。该应用系统的连接情况为：风能装置和太阳能装置分别通过断路器三、断路器四连接到风光发电装置的输入端，电网通过断路器一与逆变装置相连接，储能单元通过熔断器与逆变装置相连接，逆变装置的输出端与风光发电装置的输出端通过断路器二与负荷控制执行单元相连接，该负荷执行单元连接负载。单相风光储测控终端为本系统的核心部件，其通过与风光发电装置及逆变装置互相通讯决定此时的风机和太阳能的允许接入功率参考值以及逆变装置工作模式。Fig. 2 has provided the connection diagram of the practical application system of the present invention, and Fig. 3 has provided the processing flowchart of the practical application system, in the figure, the solid line represents the power circuit, and the dotted line represents the signal circuit. The connection of the application system is as follows: the wind energy device and the solar energy device are respectively connected to the input end of the wind and solar power generation device through the circuit breaker 3 and the circuit breaker 4, the power grid is connected to the inverter device through the circuit breaker 1, and the energy storage unit is connected to the The inverter device is connected, and the output end of the inverter device is connected to the output end of the wind and solar power generation device through the circuit breaker 2 and the load control execution unit, and the load execution unit is connected to the load. The single-phase wind-solar-storage measurement and control terminal is the core component of this system. It communicates with the wind-solar power generation device and the inverter device to determine the allowable access power reference value of the wind turbine and solar energy and the working mode of the inverter device at this time.
1、当储能单元荷电容量小于80%时，风电、光伏输出的电量全部用于储能单元的充电，在系统连接电网时，由电网向负载供电，在系统未连接电网时，停止向负载供电。1. When the charging capacity of the energy storage unit is less than 80%, all the electricity output by wind power and photovoltaics is used to charge the energy storage unit. When the system is connected to the grid, the grid supplies power to the load. When the system is not connected to the grid, it stops charging power supply to the load.
2、当储能单元荷电容量大于80%时，则发出命令将风电、光伏输出的电量与储能逆变装置同时输出，给负载供电。当电量已经超出负载的容量，在电网运行接入的条件下，则将剩余电量馈入主网中。2. When the charging capacity of the energy storage unit is greater than 80%, a command is issued to simultaneously output the electricity output by wind power and photovoltaics and the energy storage inverter device to supply power to the load. When the power has exceeded the capacity of the load, the remaining power will be fed into the main grid under the condition that the power grid is connected.
3、当逆变装置检测到电网电压合格后转入并网运行，并网的过程中逆变装置实时监测并跟踪主网的电压波形，以做到无缝切换，不产生冲击性电流及谐波，同步前风光发电并网控制器在测控终端控制下同时同步。3. When the inverter device detects that the grid voltage is qualified, it will switch to grid-connected operation. During the grid-connected process, the inverter device will monitor and track the voltage waveform of the main grid in real time, so as to achieve seamless switching without generating impulse current and harmonic Before synchronization, the grid-connected controller of wind and solar power generation is synchronized under the control of the measurement and control terminal.
4、当储能单元荷电容量小于60%时，风电、光伏输出的电量无法满足储能装置所需要的储能电量时，则从主网中通过双向逆变装置为储能装置充电。4. When the charging capacity of the energy storage unit is less than 60%, and the output power of wind power and photovoltaic cannot meet the energy storage power required by the energy storage device, the energy storage device will be charged from the main grid through the bidirectional inverter device.
5、当电网电压失去或超出正常范围后，储能逆变装置断开内部与电网连接开关，转入孤岛运行，风光发电并网逆变装置同时转入孤岛运行状态。5. When the grid voltage loses or exceeds the normal range, the energy storage inverter device disconnects the internal switch connected to the grid and enters the island operation, and the wind and solar power grid-connected inverter simultaneously enters the island operation state.
6、当储能单元荷电容量大于90%且未连接电网时，风电、光伏按负荷电量需求实施减功率控制，在无负荷时，风光发电控制器转入风电刹车，光伏停机控制，直至负荷或电网恢复。6. When the charging capacity of the energy storage unit is greater than 90% and is not connected to the grid, the wind power and photovoltaic power reduction control is implemented according to the load power demand. or grid restoration.
本工业园区风光储微网系统具有以下功能：The wind-solar-storage micro-grid system in this industrial park has the following functions:
1、测量变压器低压侧的三相电压、三相电流、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数、频率、有功电度和无功电度。事件记录功能记录SOE功能和开关变位记录。定时记录功能包括定时记录交流输入电压、交流输出电压、交流输入功率、交流输出功率、直流母线电压、光伏发电功率、风力发电功率等，总共记录30天。所有记录储存在单相风光储发电系统测控终端的数据存储器中（带掉电保持），远端控制主站可随时读取单相风光储发电系统测控终端中的数据。1. Measure the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, active power, reactive power, power factor, frequency, active energy and reactive energy on the low-voltage side of the transformer. The event recording function records SOE function and switch displacement records. The timing recording function includes timing recording of AC input voltage, AC output voltage, AC input power, AC output power, DC bus voltage, photovoltaic power generation power, wind power generation power, etc., for a total of 30 days. All records are stored in the data memory of the single-phase wind-solar-storage power generation system measurement and control terminal (with power-off hold), and the remote control master station can read the data in the single-phase wind-solar wind-storage power generation system measurement and control terminal at any time.
2、并网馈电功能。在电网电压频率正常的情况下，将逆变装置设为并网馈电模式，此时交流侧输入的风光发电在蓄电池荷电状态达到设定容量后，交流输出优先供应负载，余能馈至电网。在电网电压频率出现异常的情况下将自动断开与电网的连接，完全由微网供电，直至电网电压恢复正常。当负载超过微网所能提供的容量时自动切换到主电网给负载供电。开启并网馈电功能可最大化利用风能、太阳能发电资源，消除因蓄电池满而负载轻时造成的卸荷，也能够最大化的利用自然能源。2. Grid-connected power feed function. When the grid voltage and frequency are normal, set the inverter device to the grid-connected feed mode. At this time, after the charging state of the storage battery reaches the set capacity of the wind and solar power input on the AC side, the AC output will preferentially supply the load, and the surplus energy will be fed to the power grid. When the grid voltage frequency is abnormal, it will automatically disconnect from the grid, and it will be completely powered by the micro grid until the grid voltage returns to normal. When the load exceeds the capacity that the microgrid can provide, it will automatically switch to the main grid to supply power to the load. Turning on the grid-connected power feeding function can maximize the use of wind energy and solar power generation resources, eliminate the unloading caused by the battery being full and the load is light, and can also maximize the use of natural energy.
3、并网不上网运行功能，由于部分地区电网不允许并网馈电，为此本系统设计了并网不上网运行模式，系统始终联网运行，在发电总功率小于负载功率的情况下，风光发电与电网共同为负载供电或为蓄电池充电，在发电总功率大于负载功率时，依靠储能和卸荷吸收余能，而不向电网馈电。3. The function of grid-connected and off-grid operation. Since the power grid in some areas does not allow grid-connected power feeding, this system has designed a grid-connected and off-grid operation mode. The system always runs on the grid. When the total power generated is less than the load power, the wind The power generation and the grid work together to supply power to the load or charge the battery. When the total power generated is greater than the load power, it relies on energy storage and unloading to absorb the remaining energy instead of feeding power to the grid.
4、蓄电池管理系统配备的蓄电池可由电网侧或风光发电充电，充电方式灵活。充电中实施6段式精细充电控制模式，包括恒流、恒压、浮充，减少浮充，均衡充电和周期吸收充电，保持电池间容量均衡，减少电池内部结晶，防止电池过度失水。蓄电池管理同时具有温度补偿功能，可监测蓄电池荷电状态。4. The battery equipped with the battery management system can be charged by the grid side or wind power generation, and the charging method is flexible. Implement 6-stage fine charging control mode during charging, including constant current, constant voltage, float charge, reduce float charge, equalize charge and periodic absorption charge, maintain the capacity balance between batteries, reduce internal crystallization of batteries, and prevent excessive water loss of batteries. The battery management also has a temperature compensation function and can monitor the state of charge of the battery.
5、完善的保护功能，本系统带有蓄电池的过压、欠压保护、过流保护、延时重启保护，交流输入的过压、欠压、过频、欠频、孤岛保护，交流输出的过载、过热。同时具有电池过压、欠压、过载过热声音报警保护。5. Perfect protection function, the system has battery overvoltage, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, delay restart protection, AC input overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, underfrequency, island protection, AC output Overload, overheating. At the same time, it has battery overvoltage, undervoltage, overload and overheating sound alarm protection.
6、强大的通讯功能，单相户用风光储测控终端带有RS-232C和RS-485通信接口。借助RS-232C/RS-485通信接口与微机相连，实时监控微网的动态，也可以通过中继器组网方式组成一个规模更大、功能更强的电力监控系统。另外，还可借助于电话线、无线电、载波、微波和光纤等通道，实现更远距离的通信。实现遥测、遥信、遥控等三遥功能。利用通信功能还可以获得所有记录数据并进行参数整定。6. Powerful communication function, the single-phase household wind-solar storage measurement and control terminal has RS-232C and RS-485 communication interfaces. With the help of RS-232C/RS-485 communication interface, it is connected with the microcomputer to monitor the dynamics of the micro-grid in real time, and can also form a larger-scale and more powerful power monitoring system through repeater networking. In addition, longer-distance communication can also be achieved by means of channels such as telephone lines, radio, carrier waves, microwaves, and optical fibers. Realize the three remote functions of telemetry, remote signaling and remote control. It is also possible to obtain all recorded data and perform parameter setting by using the communication function.
需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明包括并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其他实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, so the present invention includes and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation, and those skilled in the art according to the technology of the present invention Other implementations derived from the scheme also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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