CN1033330A - Fault Detection Intrusion Detection Devices - Google Patents

Abstract

In an improved dual sensor type intrusion detection device system wherein one sensor is a passive infrared sensor and the other is a microwave sensor, the improvement comprising counting intrusion detections independently by the microwave sensor and by the passive infrared sensor. Thereafter, the counts of the two independent sensors are compared to give an indication that one of the two sensor systems is malfunctioning if the number of counts exceeds some user selectable threshold.

Description

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种改进型闯入检测器件，且更具体地涉及一种具有两个传感器并具有检测该两个传感器之一中的故障的能力的改进型闯入检测器件。The present invention relates to an improved intrusion detection device, and more particularly to an improved intrusion detection device having two sensors and the ability to detect a fault in one of the two sensors.

组合闯入检测器件在本技术领域内已为公知。一典型的组合为一被动红外线闯入检测器件与一微波闯入检测器件一起使用。两个传感器的输出被提供到一“与”门，如果两个传感都检测到一入闯者的出现，于是就触发一报警器。两个独立的传感子系统的电输出的组合，以各子系统按互补方式响应不同的激励显著地减少了虚警的可能性。”这种虚警的减少比之补偿这些组合闯入检测器件的昂贵制造成本更具价值。Combination intrusion detection devices are well known in the art. A typical combination is a passive infrared intrusion detection device used with a microwave intrusion detection device. The outputs of the two sensors are provided to an AND gate, and if both sensors detect the presence of an intruder, an alarm is triggered. Combining the electrical outputs of the two independent sensing subsystems, with each subsystem responding to different stimuli in a complementary manner, significantly reduces the possibility of false alarms. "This reduction in false alarms more than compensates for the expensive manufacturing costs of these combined intrusion detection devices.

一组合双传感器件的一个缺点是：如果该传感器子系统中之一未能正确地工作时，则整个系统丧失其完整性。这是由于一旦子系统或其中的传感器出现故障（假定该传感器的传感器子系统不再能检测一入闯者的出现），而由于整个系统是依赖于在该两个传感器子系统上一个信号的出现，一个传感器子系统的故障就会使整个系统出现故障。One disadvantage of a combination of dual sensor devices is that if one of the sensor subsystems fails to function properly, the entire system loses its integrity. This is due to the fact that once a subsystem or a sensor within it fails (assuming the sensor subsystem of the sensor can no longer detect the presence of an intruder), and since the entire system is dependent on a single signal on the two sensor subsystems A failure of one sensor subsystem can cause the entire system to fail.

一个传感器或它的子系统出现故障可能有很多原因。一个传感器或它的子系统的一个可能的故障为电路上的故障。传感器故障的第二个可能的根源为如果该传感器没有被正确地安装。为了使整个闯入检测系统正确地起作用，两个传感器子系统皆须指向相同的容积或空间位置。两个传感器子系统必须检测到在该相同或相近位置上一入闯者的出现。因此，必须有两个传感器子系统的检测区域或空间的重叠。如果该两个传感器子系统不适当地对准，且皆不指向该相同的空间或容积位置，该不重叠的区域将导致整个系统一点也不能产生报警。这是由于一入闯者始终只能被一单个传感器子系统所检测到。故障的其它根源是由于干预。如一个意图入闯者已将一传感器子系统掩蔽或禁止，则对那传感器子系统的禁止也会将整个系统禁止。A sensor or its subsystems can fail for many reasons. A possible failure of a sensor or its subsystems is an electrical failure. A second possible source of sensor failure is if the sensor is not installed properly. For the entire intrusion detection system to function correctly, both sensor subsystems must point to the same volume or spatial location. Both sensor subsystems must detect the presence of an intruder at the same or close location. Therefore, there must be an overlap of the detection areas or spaces of the two sensor subsystems. If the two sensor subsystems are improperly aligned and neither point to the same spatial or volume location, this non-overlapping area will cause the entire system to fail to generate an alarm at all. This is because an intruder can always only be detected by a single sensor subsystem. Other sources of failure are due to intervention. If an intruder has masked or disabled a sensor subsystem, disabling that sensor subsystem will also disable the entire system.

因此，在一个双传感器子系统型的闯入检测系统中，能够检测出传感器子系统中任何一个传感器系统的任何内部电气故障、或能够检测出该传感器子系统的任何一个传感器子系统被实际的干预、或能够检测出该传感器子系统的任何一个传感器子系统的正常的应用区域的被遮蔽、或能够检测出造成各个传感器子系统基本上不同的视野范围的不正确安装等是极为理想的，任何上述这些状况可总称为“故障状况”。Therefore, in a dual sensor subsystem type intrusion detection system, it is possible to detect any internal electrical fault in any one of the sensor subsystems, or to detect that any one of the sensor subsystems has been physically damaged. It is highly desirable to intervene, or detect obscuration of the normal application area of any one of the sensor subsystems, or to detect improper installation that results in substantially different field of view for each sensor subsystem, Any of these conditions described above may be collectively referred to as a "fault condition".

在本发明中公开了对一闯入检测装置的改进。该闯入检测装置为那种具有双传感器的类型，该两传感器中的每一个传感器子系统在检测到一入闯者时会提供一个信号。该装置还设置有逻辑装置以处理来自该双传感器的该两个信号，以便在该两个传感器皆检测到该入闯者的情况下，来触发一报警器。其改进包括：一用来贮存由该双传感器之一所记录的信号的数的第一存贮装置;一第二存贮装置贮存由第二个传感器检测到的信号的数;一逻辑控制装置用以接收第一和第二存贮装置的输出，并比较贮存于该两存贮装置中的数，以及响应这种比较而输出一故障信号。Improvements to an intrusion detection device are disclosed in the present invention. The intrusion detection device is of the type having dual sensors, each sensor subsystem of which provides a signal when an intruder is detected. The device is also provided with logic means to process the two signals from the dual sensor in order to trigger an alarm in case the intruder is detected by both sensors. The improvement comprises: a first storage means for storing the number of signals recorded by one of the dual sensors; a second storage means for storing the number of signals detected by the second sensor; a logic control means for receiving the outputs of the first and second memory means, comparing the numbers stored in the two memory means, and outputting a fault signal in response to the comparison.

图1为本发明的一改进型闯入检测系统的示意方框图;Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an improved intrusion detection system of the present invention;

图2为本发明的闯入检测装置的故障检测子系统的示意方框图;Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the failure detection subsystem of the intrusion detection device of the present invention;

图3为本发明的故障检测子系统的详细电路图。Fig. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of the fault detection subsystem of the present invention.

参照图1，该图示出了本发明的一改进型闯入检测系统10的一方框图。本发明的该闯入检测系统包括一第一传感器12子系统典型地为一被动红外线辐射检测子系统。该第二传感器14子系统典型地为一微波能检测子系统。第一传感器12子系统和第二传感器13子系统中的每一个是指向以检测在相同的空间或空间容积16内的入侵者。各第一传感器12子系统和第二传感器14子系统在检测到该子系统所指向的空间或容积16内的一入闯者后，分别产生一第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20。这种采用一光电传感器和一微波检测器的组合的系统10在美国专利第3，725，888号中已全面地叙述过。Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram of an improved intrusion detection system 10 of the present invention. The intrusion detection system of the present invention includes a first sensor 12 subsystem, typically a passive infrared radiation detection subsystem. The second sensor 14 subsystem is typically a microwave energy detection subsystem. Each of the first sensor 12 subsystem and the second sensor 13 subsystem are directed to detect intruders within the same space or volume of space 16 . Each of the first sensor 12 and second sensor 14 subsystems generates a first output signal 18 and asecond output signal 20 respectively upon detection of an intruder within the space or volume 16 to which the subsystem is directed. This system 10 employing a combination of a photoelectric sensor and a microwave detector is fully described in U.S. Patent No. 3,725,888.

第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20分别被提供给一逻辑控制器22。在一特定时间间隔内，当一入闯者被该第一传感器12子系统和该第二传感器14子系统都检测到的情况下，该逻辑控制器22便产生一输出信号24，该输出信号则触发一报警器26。The first output signal 18 and thesecond output signal 20 are respectively supplied to a logic controller 22 . Within a specific time interval, when an intruder is detected by both the first sensor 12 subsystem and the second sensor 14 subsystem, the logic controller 22 generates an output signal 24, the output signal Then an alarm 26 is triggered.

在本发明的改进型闯入检测系统10中，该系统10也包括一故障检测子系统30。该故障检测子系统30也分别接收第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20。In the improved intrusion detection system 10 of the present invention, the system 10 also includes afault detection subsystem 30 . Thefault detection subsystem 30 also receives the first output signal 18 and thesecond output signal 20 respectively.

参照图2，图中示出该故障检测子系统30的方框图。该故障检测子系统30包括一输入信号调节器32，第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20分别被提供给该调节器32。该输入信号调节器32通过例如在一段预定时间间隔内自动锁存该输入信号而对该信号进行处理。Referring to FIG. 2 , a block diagram of thefault detection subsystem 30 is shown in the figure. Thefault detection subsystem 30 includes an input signal conditioner 32 to which the first output signal 18 and thesecond output signal 20 are respectively provided. The input signal conditioner 32 processes the input signal by, for example, automatically latching the input signal for a predetermined time interval.

第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20从输入信号调节器32被提供给一快速事件抑制器34中。该快速事件抑制器34检测一快速脉冲串序列的存在。如果这快速的脉冲串序列出现，该故障检测子系统30将在一预定时间间隔内停止对输出信号18或20计数。第一输出信号18和第二输出信号20分别从快速事件抑制器34被提供给一第一事件计数器36和一第二事件计数器38。该第一事件计数器36和第二事件计数器38的输出都被提供给一控制逻辑电路40，该控制逻辑40电路也接收一沿输入线42的用户可选择的比例数，该输入线42通过一比例选择逻辑44。该控制逻辑电路40的输出为一能指示出该两传感器子系统中之一有故障的信号。该故障信号46被提供给一“或非”门48。该“或非”门48的其它输入为一干预信号50和一微波监视信号52。此外，该“或非”门48可被沿禁止线54输送的一信号所禁止。The first output signal 18 and thesecond output signal 20 are provided from an input signal conditioner 32 to afast event suppressor 34 . Thefast event suppressor 34 detects the presence of a fast burst sequence. If this rapid burst sequence occurs, thefault detection subsystem 30 will stop counting theoutput signal 18 or 20 for a predetermined time interval. The first output signal 18 and thesecond output signal 20 are provided from thefast event suppressor 34 to afirst event counter 36 and a second event counter 38, respectively. Both the outputs of thefirst event counter 36 and the second event counter 38 are provided to a control logic circuit 40 which also receives a user-selectable proportional number along an input line 42 which is passed through a Scale selection logic 44. The output of the control logic circuit 40 is a signal indicating a fault in one of the two sensor subsystems. Thefault signal 46 is provided to a NORgate 48 . The other inputs to theNOR gate 48 are anintervention signal 50 and amicrowave monitoring signal 52 . Additionally, the NORgate 48 can be disabled by a signal sent along disable line 54 .

该“或非”门48的输出为一信号，该信号被提供给一继电器驱动器56和给一向用户报告故障已被检测到的发光二极管驱动器58。一振荡器和时钟信号发生器60向快速事件抑制器34和向该发光二极管驱动器58提供必需的时钟信号。The output of theNOR gate 48 is a signal which is provided to a relay driver 56 and to aLED driver 58 which reports to the user that a fault has been detected. An oscillator and clock signal generator 60 provides the necessary clock signals to thefast event suppressor 34 and to theLED driver 58 .

参照图3，图中更详细地示出叙述于图2中的该故障检测子系统30的各种程序块部件。第一传感器输出信号18被提供给一“与非”门62，和给一“或”门64及一反相器66。该与“非门”62的输出被提供给一第二“与”门68c，然后该输出被提供给第一事件计数器36，该计数器为一八位计数器。“与非”门62也由该快速事件抑制器34所控制。在该快速事件抑制器34检测到一快速脉冲串序列的情况下，“与非”门62被关断，从而阻止第一传感器输出信号18达到该第一事件计数器36。门64和68c被用于测试目的。Referring to FIG. 3, various block components of thefault detection subsystem 30 described in FIG. 2 are shown in more detail. The first sensor output signal 18 is provided to a NAND gate 62 and to an OR gate 64 and an inverter 66 . The output of the NAND gate 62 is provided to a second AND gate 68c, which is then provided to thefirst event counter 36, which is an eight-bit counter. NAND gate 62 is also controlled byfast event suppressor 34 . In the event that thefast event suppressor 34 detects a fast burst sequence, the NAND gate 62 is closed, thereby preventing the first sensor output signal 18 from reaching thefirst event counter 36 . Doors 64 and 68c are used for testing purposes.

来自微波检测子系统14的该第二输出信号20被提供给一单触发电路68（该电路包括一计数器68a和一“或”门68b），电路68在最后微波脉冲之后在约3.8秒的时间内保持该信号为低电平。然后该单触发电路的输出被传到一“或非”门70、到一“与”门72和到该第二事件计数器38，该第二事件计数器也是一八位计数器。“或非”门70的功能与“与非门”62的功能相似。“与”门72和73也被用于测试目的。Thesecond output signal 20 from the microwave detection subsystem 14 is provided to a one-shot circuit 68 (which circuit includes a counter 68a and an OR gate 68b), the circuit 68 after the last microwave pulse at a time of about 3.8 seconds Keep this signal low. The output of the one-shot circuit is then passed to a NOR gate 70, to an AND gate 72 and to the second event counter 38, which is also an eight-bit counter. NOR gate 70 functions similarly to NAND gate 62 . AND gates 72 and 73 are also used for testing purposes.

该快速事件抑制器34一部分包括：一长计数器100和一双重计数器101。该长计数器100接收来自振荡器和时钟信号发生器60的定时脉冲。该双重计数器101接收（分别通过门62和70后的）第一输出信号和第二输出信号20。Part of thefast event suppressor 34 includes: a long counter 100 and a double counter 101 . The long counter 100 receives timing pulses from the oscillator and clock signal generator 60 . The dual counter 101 receives a first output signal and a second output signal 20 (after passing through gates 62 and 70 respectively).

每一分钟该长计数器100复位该双重计数器101。在该双重计数器101在一个一分钟的时间间隔内接收大于或等于八个信号（第一输出信号18或第二输出信号20）的情况下，该双重计数器（1）使该双重计数器被复位;（2）关断门62和70八分钟;（3）经八分钟后，接通门62和70并恢复正常的操作。The long counter 100 resets the double counter 101 every minute. In case the double counter 101 receives greater than or equal to eight signals (first output signal 18 or second output signal 20) within a one-minute interval, the double counter (1) causes the double counter to be reset; (2) Turn off doors 62 and 70 for eight minutes; (3) After eight minutes, turn on doors 62 and 70 and resume normal operation.

四个用户可选择的比例信号42被提供给比例选择逻辑电路44，该电路包括多个“与”门，一“或”门和多路转接器86和90，一切连接成如图3所示。四个用户可选择的比例信号42中的两个信号被用于禁止来自该第一事件计数器36和该第二事件计数器38的适当的最低有效位（LSB）以获得下列条件：（1）大于0;（2）大于1;（3）大于3;或（4）大于7如输入到被动红外线（PIR）“与”门80和微波（MW）“与”门82那样。该PIR“与”门82的输出为被计数器36和38所计数的信号（分别为信号18或信号20）的数的一个测定，该数满足或超过由该四个用户可选择的输入线42中的两个所设定的数。Four user-selectable proportional signals 42 are provided to a proportional selection logic circuit 44 comprising a plurality of "AND" gates, an "OR" gate and multiplexers 86 and 90, all connected as shown in FIG. Show. Two of the four user-selectable proportional signals 42 are used to disable the appropriate least significant bit (LSB) from thefirst event counter 36 and the second event counter 38 to obtain the following conditions: (1) greater than 0; (2) greater than 1; (3) greater than 3; or (4) greater than 7 as input to passive infrared (PIR) AND gate 80 and microwave (MW) AND gate 82 . The output of the PIR AND gate 82 is a measure of the number of signals (signal 18 orsignal 20, respectively) counted bycounters 36 and 38 that meet or exceed the four user-selectable input lines 42 Two of the set numbers.

其它两个用户可选择的线42被提供给多路转接器86和90。该多路转接器86和90从来自计数器36和38的四个最高有效位（MSB）中选择一个，并提供那个所选择的最高有效位分别输入到PIR“与”门85和MW“与”门89、也输入到门88和84。当计数器36或38中的任何一个达到由该两个用户可选择线42所选择的最高有效位的数目，则导致在92和94发生一比较事件。在那样情况下，该计数器36或38的没有导致发生比较事件的最低有效位被进行分析，以确定该数是否满足或超过由其它的两个用户可选择线所设定的数。The other two user-selectable lines 42 are provided to multiplexers 86 and 90 . The multiplexers 86 and 90 select one of the four most significant bits (MSB) fromcounters 36 and 38 and provide that selected MSB as input to PIR AND gate 85 and MW AND "Gate 89, also input to gates 88 and 84. When either counter 36 or 38 reaches the number of most significant bits selected by the two user selectable lines 42, a compare event at 92 and 94 is caused. In that case, the least significant bit of thecounter 36 or 38 which did not result in a compare event is analyzed to determine whether the number meets or exceeds the number set by the other two user selectable lines.

在该计数器的没有导致发生该比较事件的最低有效位的计数的数满足或超过该用户选择的阈值的情况下，那么在94出现一脉冲。这指示“没有故障”。该无故障脉冲94复位该第一事件计数器36和第二事件计数器38。然而，如果发生相反情况时，则在92将出现一脉冲。这指示一“故障”，即，与另一种类型的传感器的信号相比，过多地计数了一种类型的传感器的信号。该故障脉冲92被提供给一“或非”门48，该“或非”门48于是触发一触发器96。该触发器96的Q输出触发继电器驱动器56和发光二极管驱动器58。In the event that the number of counts of the least significant bit of the counter that did not cause the comparison event to occur meets or exceeds the user-selected threshold, then a pulse occurs at 94 . This indicates "no failure". The no-fault pulse 94 resets thefirst event counter 36 and the second event counter 38 . However, a pulse will appear at 92 if the opposite occurs. This indicates a "fault", ie the signal of one type of sensor is overcounted compared to the signal of another type of sensor. The fault pulse 92 is supplied to a NORgate 48 which then activates a flip-flop 96 . The Q output of flip-flop 96 triggers relay driver 56 andLED driver 58 .

在该故障检测子系统30的工作中，用户首先选择导致发生该比较事件的数和对该比较的最小数。在非戒备阶段期间，该第一传感器12和第二传感器14将对空间16内的入闯者的人数计数。这些计数将被该故障检测子系统所收集，并分别贮存在该第一事件计数器36和第二事件计数器38中。当第一事件计数器36或第二事件计数器38达到由用户所设定的用于一比较事件的数，则贮存在计数器中的不导致发生比较事件的计数的数与电用户设定的最小数进行比较。如果那个数大于该最小数，那么便“没有故障”。否则在该传感器子系统之一中是有故障的。In the operation of thefault detection subsystem 30, the user first selects the number that caused the comparison event to occur and the smallest number for the comparison. During the non-security phase, the first sensor 12 and the second sensor 14 will count the number of intruders in the space 16 . These counts will be collected by the fault detection subsystem and stored in thefirst event counter 36 and the second event counter 38 respectively. When thefirst event counter 36 or the second event counter 38 reaches the number set by the user for a comparison event, the number of counts stored in the counter that do not cause a comparison event to occur is equal to the minimum number set by the user. Compare. If that number is greater than the minimum number, then there is "no fault". Otherwise there is a fault in one of the sensor subsystems.

必须强调，该故障检测子系统30的工作一点也不会阻碍该闯入检测器件10的戒备或非戒备状况。在该故障检测子系统工作期间，该闯入检测器件10仍是处于戒备的状况。It must be emphasized that the operation of thefault detection subsystem 30 in no way hinders the armed or unarmed condition of the intrusion detection device 10 . During the operation of the fault detection subsystem, the intrusion detection device 10 is still in an alert state.

本发明的改进型闯入检测系统10具有许多优点。首先且最重要的是，通过采用一双传感器闯入检测系统，虚警被减至最低。此外，通过用该故障检测子系统30，可以看到，该传感器子系统之一的故障能轻易地被检测出来，而该闯入检测器10的故障指示可被传送到用户。因此，该闯入检测器件10具有故障保险以及可靠性等的所有优点。The improved intrusion detection system 10 of the present invention has many advantages. First and foremost, by employing a dual sensor intrusion detection system, false alarms are minimized. Furthermore, by using thefault detection subsystem 30, it can be seen that a fault in one of the sensor subsystems can be easily detected and an indication of a fault in the intrusion detector 10 can be communicated to the user. Therefore, the intrusion detection device 10 has all the advantages of fail-safe and reliability.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1、在一具有双传感器装置的闯入检测设备中，第一传感器装置用以响应检测到一入闯者而产生第一输出信号，一第二传感器装置用以响应检测到一入闯者而产生第二输出信号，和逻辑装置用以接收所述第一和第二输出信号，并用以响应所述第一和第二输出信号而产生一报警，其特征在于，其改进包括：1. In an intrusion detection apparatus having dual sensor means, the first sensor means is adapted to generate a first output signal in response to the detection of an intruder, and the second sensor means is adapted to generate a first output signal in response to the detection of an intruder. generating a second output signal, and logic means for receiving said first and second output signals and for generating an alarm in response to said first and second output signals, characterized in that the improvement comprises:用以贮存所接收的来自所述第一传感器装置的第一输出信号的数的第一存贮装置；first storage means for storing the number of first output signals received from said first sensor means;用以贮存所接收的来自所述第二传感器装置的第二输出信号的数的第二存贮装置；second storage means for storing the number of second output signals received from said second sensor means;用以比较来自所述第一存贮装置的第一输出信号的数和来自所述第二存贮装置的第二输出信号的数，并用以响应所述比较结果而产生一指示在所述设备中有故障的输出信号的逻辑装置。for comparing the number of first output signals from said first storage means with the number of second output signals from said second storage means and for generating an indication in said apparatus in response to said comparison logic device with a faulty output signal.2、按照权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，其中所述逻辑装置还包括：2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said logic means further comprises:用以选择一数以用于将来自所述第二存贮装置的第二输出信号的数与来自所述第一存贮装置的第一输出信号的数进行比较的用户可选择装置。User selectable means for selecting a number for use in comparing the number of the second output signal from said second storage means with the number of the first output signal from said first storage means.3、按照权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，其中所述第一传感器装置为一被动红外线检测传感器装置，而所述第二传感装置为一微波检测传感器装置。3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first sensor means is a passive infrared detection sensor means and said second sensing means is a microwave detection sensor means.4、按照权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，其中所述第一存贮装置为一计数器。4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first storage means is a counter.5、按照权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，其中所述第二存贮装置为一计数器。5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said second storage means is a counter.6、按照权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于，其中所述用户可选择装置还包括用以选择导致一比较事件的阈值的装置，和用以将所述的第一或第二计数器的不能导致发生比较事件的输出的数与用户选择的最小数进行比较的装置。6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said user-selectable means further comprises means for selecting a threshold value resulting in a comparison event, and for setting said first or second counter to Means that the number of outputs that cannot cause a compare event to occur is compared to a user-selected minimum number.

Images