技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力系统继电保护技术领域，具体地说是涉及一种基于分布参数测量阻抗幅值特性线路相间故障单端测距方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electric power system relay protection, in particular to a method for single-end distance measurement of faults between phases of lines based on distributed parameter measurement of impedance amplitude characteristics.
背景技术Background technique
从故障测距所用电气量来划分，故障测距方法可分为两大类：双端故障测距和单端故障测距。双端故障测距法是利用输电线路两端电气量确定输电线路故障位置的方法，它需要通过通讯通道获取对端电气量，因此对通讯通道的依赖性强，实际使用中还易受双端采样值同步性的影响。单端故障测距法是仅利用输电线路一端的电压电流数据确定输电线路故障位置的一种方法，由于它仅需要一端数据，无须通讯和数据同步设备，运行费用低且算法稳定，因此在中低压线路中获得了广泛地应用。目前，单端故障测距方法主要分为两类，一类为行波法，另一类为阻抗法。行波法利用故障暂态行波的传送性质进行测距，精度高，不受运行方式、过度电阻等影响，但对采样率要求很高，需要专门的录波装置，目前未获得实质性应用。阻抗法利用故障后的电压、电流量计算故障回路的阻抗，根据线路长度与阻抗成正比的特性进行测距，简单可靠，但受到故障的过渡电阻、线路不完全对称等因素的影响。由于高压输电线路沿线存在较大的分布电容电流，当高压输电线路发生中高阻短路故障时，单端阻抗法测距结果会严重偏离真实故障距离，不能满足现场的应用要求。Divided from the electrical quantities used in fault location, fault location methods can be divided into two categories: double-ended fault location and single-ended fault location. The double-ended fault location method is a method to determine the fault location of the transmission line by using the electrical quantity at both ends of the transmission line. It needs to obtain the electrical quantity of the opposite end through the communication channel, so it is highly dependent on the communication channel, and it is also vulnerable to double-ended fault location in actual use. Influence of sampled value synchronicity. The single-ended fault location method is a method that only uses the voltage and current data at one end of the transmission line to determine the fault location of the transmission line. Because it only needs data at one end and does not require communication and data synchronization equipment, the operating cost is low and the algorithm is stable. It has been widely used in low-voltage lines. At present, single-ended fault location methods are mainly divided into two categories, one is the traveling wave method, and the other is the impedance method. The traveling wave method utilizes the transmission properties of fault transient traveling waves for distance measurement. It has high precision and is not affected by the operation mode and excessive resistance. However, it requires a high sampling rate and requires a special wave recording device. It has not been practically applied at present. . The impedance method uses the voltage and current after the fault to calculate the impedance of the fault circuit, and measures the distance according to the characteristic that the length of the line is proportional to the impedance. It is simple and reliable, but it is affected by factors such as the transition resistance of the fault and the incomplete symmetry of the line. Due to the large distributed capacitive current along the high-voltage transmission line, when a medium-to-high-resistance short-circuit fault occurs on the high-voltage transmission line, the ranging result of the single-ended impedance method will seriously deviate from the real fault distance, which cannot meet the application requirements of the site.
采用分布参数模型研究高压输电线路单端故障测距引起了广大学者的关注。哈恒旭、张保会、吕志来等人发表的《高压输电线路单端测距新原理探讨》采用分布参数建模，利用单端电压电流计算沿线电压对距离导数的范数在线路上的分布进行故障点的定位。该方法涉及了大量的求导运算和积分运算，所需运算量大，算法复杂不易实现。王宾、董新洲等人发表的《特高压长线路单端阻抗法单相接地故障测距》采用分布参数建模，利用观测点处负序电流的相角估算故障点电压的相角，然后在故障点电压瞬时值过零点时刻计算测量阻抗。该方法在中低阻短路故障时，由于沿线电压下降明显，利用观测点处负序电流相角估算故障点电压相角存在的误差对测距结果影响不大；但在高阻短路故障时，由于线路沿线各点电压相差很小，利用观测点处负序电流相角估算故障点电压相角存在的误差加上暂态过程的影响，该方法测距误差较大。The use of distributed parameter models to study single-ended fault location of high voltage transmission lines has attracted the attention of many scholars. Ha Hengxu, Zhang Baohui, Lu Zhilai and others published "Discussion on the New Principle of Single-End Ranging of High-Voltage Transmission Lines" using distributed parameter modeling, using single-end voltage and current to calculate the distribution of the norm of the voltage-to-distance derivative along the line on the fault point positioning. This method involves a large number of derivation operations and integral operations, which requires a large amount of operations, and the algorithm is complex and difficult to implement. Wang Bin, Dong Xinzhou, etc. published "UHV long line single-ended impedance method single-phase ground fault location" using distributed parameter modeling, using the phase angle of the negative sequence current at the observation point to estimate the phase angle of the fault point voltage, and then Calculate the measured impedance at the moment when the instantaneous value of the voltage at the fault point crosses zero. In the case of medium and low-resistance short-circuit faults, due to the obvious drop in voltage along the line, the error in estimating the voltage phase angle of the fault point by using the negative-sequence current phase angle at the observation point has little effect on the ranging results; but in the case of high-resistance short-circuit faults, Since the voltage difference of each point along the line is very small, the error in estimating the voltage phase angle of the fault point by using the negative-sequence current phase angle at the observation point and the influence of the transient process, the distance measurement error of this method is relatively large.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服已有技术存在的不足，提供一种测距精度不受分布电容电流、过渡电阻和负荷The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a range measurement accuracy independent of distributed capacitance current, transition resistance and load
电流影响的基于分布参数测量阻抗幅值特性线路相间故障单端测距方法。Single-ended fault location method for phase-to-phase faults of line based on distributed parameter measurement of impedance amplitude characteristics of current influence.
基于分布参数测量阻抗幅值特性线路相间故障单端测距方法，其特征在于，包括如下依序步骤：The method for single-ended distance measurement of line-phase faults based on distributed parameter measurement of impedance amplitude characteristics is characterized in that it includes the following sequential steps:
（1）保护装置测量输电线路保护安装处的故障相间电压、故障相间电流和故障相间负序电流，作为输入量；其中，φφ=AB、BC、CA相；(1) The protection device measures the fault phase-to-phase voltage at the protection installation of the transmission line , fault current between phases and negative sequence current between fault phases , as the input quantity; among them, φφ=AB, BC, CA phase;
（2）保护装置选取故障距离初始值为lx，计算距离输电线路保护安装处lx点到相间短路故障点的分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)：(2) The protection device selects the initial value of the fault distance as lx , and calculates the distribution parameter measurement impedance amplitude z(lx ) of the distance from the transmission line protection installation point lx point to the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point:
其中，lset为输电线路保护整定范围；Zc1为输电线路正序波阻抗；γ1为输电线路正序传播系数；β=Arg(Zc1th(γ1lset))；；；th(.)为双曲正切函数；Among them, lset is the transmission line protection setting range; Zc1 is the transmission line positive sequence wave impedance; γ1 is the transmission line positive sequence propagation coefficient; β=Arg(Zc1 th(γ1 lset )); ; ;th(.) is the hyperbolic tangent function;
（3）故障距离以步长Δl逐次增加，返回步骤（2），依次计算输电线路上的每一点到相间短路故障点的分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)直至输电线路全长，选取输电线路上分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)最小对应的点距输电线路保护安装处的距离为故障距离。(3) The fault distance increases step by step Δl, return to step (2), calculate the distribution parameters from each point on the transmission line to the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point in turn, measure the impedance amplitude z(lx ) until the entire length of the transmission line, select The fault distance is the distance from the point corresponding to the minimum impedance amplitude z(lx ) of the distributed parameter measurement on the transmission line to the transmission line protection installation.
本发明与现有技术相比较，具有以下积极成果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive results:
本发明方法物理模型采用分布参数模型，具有天然的抗分布电容电流影响的能力，适用于超/特高压输电线路。本发明方法利用输电线路上所选取的点与相间短路故障点重合时分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)达到最小这一故障特性实现输电线路相间短路故障的单端测距，消除了过渡电阻和负荷电流对单端故障测距精度的影响，具有很高的测距精度。本发明方法是一种搜索式测距方法，不存在解方程法的伪根问题和迭代法的不收敛问题，具有很强的实用性。The physical model of the method of the invention adopts a distributed parameter model, has natural ability to resist the influence of distributed capacitance current, and is suitable for super/ultra-high voltage transmission lines. The method of the invention utilizes the fault characteristic that the distribution parameter measurement impedance amplitude z(lx ) reaches the minimum when the selected point on the transmission line coincides with the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point to realize the single-ended distance measurement of the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault of the transmission line, eliminating the transition The influence of resistance and load current on the accuracy of single-ended fault location has high location accuracy. The method of the invention is a searching distance measuring method, does not have the pseudo-root problem of the equation solution method and the non-convergence problem of the iterative method, and has strong practicability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为应用本发明的线路输电系统示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a line transmission system applying the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步详细表述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.
图1为应用本发明的线路输电系统示意图。图1中CVT为电压互感器、CT为电流互感器。保护装置对输电线路保护安装处的电压互感器CVT的电压和电流互感器CT的电流波形进行采样得到电压、电流瞬时值，然后保护装置对其采集得到的电压、电流瞬时值利用傅里叶算法计算输电线路保护安装处的故障相间电压、故障相间电流和故障相间负序电流，作为输入量；其中，φφ=AB、BC、CA相。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a line transmission system applying the present invention. In Fig. 1, CVT is a voltage transformer, and CT is a current transformer. The protection device samples the voltage of the voltage transformer CVT and the current waveform of the current transformer CT at the installation place of the transmission line protection to obtain the instantaneous value of the voltage and current, and then the protection device uses the Fourier algorithm for the collected instantaneous value of the voltage and current Calculation of fault phase-to-phase voltage at transmission line protection installations , fault current between phases and negative sequence current between fault phases , as the input quantity; among them, φφ=AB, BC, CA phase.
保护装置选取故障距离初始值为lx，计算距离输电线路保护安装处lx点到相间短路故障点的分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)：The protection device selects the initial value of the fault distance as lx , and calculates the distribution parameter measured impedance amplitude z(lx ) from the point lx where the transmission line protection is installed to the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point:
其中，lset为输电线路保护整定范围；Zc1为输电线路正序波阻抗；γ1为输电线路正序传播系数；β=Arg(Zc1th(γ1lset))；；；th(.)为双曲正切函数。Among them, lset is the transmission line protection setting range; Zc1 is the transmission line positive sequence wave impedance; γ1 is the transmission line positive sequence propagation coefficient; β=Arg(Zc1 th(γ1 lset )); ; ;th(.) is the hyperbolic tangent function.
故障距离以步长Δl逐次增加，反复利用式（1），依次计算输电线路上的每一点到相间短路故障点的分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)直至输电线路全长，选取输电线路上分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)最小对应的点距输电线路保护安装处的距离为故障距离。The fault distance is gradually increased by step length Δl, and the formula (1) is used repeatedly to calculate the distribution parameters from each point on the transmission line to the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point. Measure the impedance amplitude z(lx ) until the entire length of the transmission line, and select the transmission line The distance from the point corresponding to the minimum impedance magnitude z(lx ) of the upper distribution parameter to the transmission line protection installation is the fault distance.
本发明方法物理模型采用分布参数模型，具有天然的抗分布电容电流影响的能力，适用于超/特高压输电线路。本发明方法利用输电线路上所选取的点与相间短路故障点重合时分布参数测量阻抗幅值z(lx)达到最小这一故障特性实现输电线路相间短路故障的单端测距，消除了过渡电阻和负荷电流对单端故障测距精度的影响，具有很高的故障测距精度。本发明方法是一种搜索式方法，不存在解方程法的伪根问题和迭代法的不收敛问题，具有很强的实用性。The physical model of the method of the invention adopts a distributed parameter model, has natural ability to resist the influence of distributed capacitance current, and is suitable for super/ultra-high voltage transmission lines. The method of the invention utilizes the fault characteristic that the distribution parameter measurement impedance amplitude z(lx ) reaches the minimum when the selected point on the transmission line coincides with the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault point to realize the single-ended distance measurement of the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault of the transmission line, eliminating the transition The influence of resistance and load current on the accuracy of single-ended fault location has high fault location accuracy. The method of the invention is a searching method, does not have the pseudo-root problem of the equation solution method and the non-convergence problem of the iterative method, and has strong practicability.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳具体实施例，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention , should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310185776.0ACN103323739B (en) | 2013-05-19 | 2013-05-19 | Based on distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310185776.0ACN103323739B (en) | 2013-05-19 | 2013-05-19 | Based on distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103323739A CN103323739A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| CN103323739Btrue CN103323739B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310185776.0AActiveCN103323739B (en) | 2013-05-19 | 2013-05-19 | Based on distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103323739B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104730415B (en)* | 2015-03-04 | 2018-03-16 | 国家电网公司 | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging based on impedance mapping function amplitude characteristic |
| CN104950221B (en)* | 2015-06-17 | 2018-07-24 | 国家电网公司 | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging is realized using hyperbolic tangent function amplitude characteristic |
| CN104950222B (en)* | 2015-06-17 | 2018-08-28 | 国家电网公司 | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging is realized using hyperbolic tangent function phase characteristic |
| CN107015115B (en)* | 2017-04-13 | 2020-02-21 | 南京电力工程设计有限公司 | A fault location method for double-circuit transmission lines on the same tower |
| CN111141995B (en)* | 2020-01-17 | 2022-10-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method and system for distance measurement of line double-ended steady state measurement based on amplitude ratio principle |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101325331A (en)* | 2008-07-30 | 2008-12-17 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Method for implementing element for measuring distance between phases without relevance to load current and ground resistance |
| CN102175954A (en)* | 2011-03-09 | 2011-09-07 | 福建省电力有限公司福州超高压输变电局 | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging method |
| CN102200563A (en)* | 2011-01-20 | 2011-09-28 | 福建省电力有限公司福州超高压输变电局 | Line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method based on positioning function amplitude characteristics |
| CN102709891A (en)* | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Distributed parameter measurement impedance-based relay protection method for single-phase grounding fault of power transmission line |
| CN102707197A (en)* | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Distance measuring method and type diagnostic method of single-phase grounding fault of electric transmission line |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE528863C2 (en)* | 2006-01-12 | 2007-02-27 | Abb Technology Ltd | Two-terminal power transmission and distribution line fault locating method for use in factory, involves receiving measurements of three phase currents from two terminals, and receiving measurements of three phase voltages |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101325331A (en)* | 2008-07-30 | 2008-12-17 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Method for implementing element for measuring distance between phases without relevance to load current and ground resistance |
| CN102200563A (en)* | 2011-01-20 | 2011-09-28 | 福建省电力有限公司福州超高压输变电局 | Line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method based on positioning function amplitude characteristics |
| CN102175954A (en)* | 2011-03-09 | 2011-09-07 | 福建省电力有限公司福州超高压输变电局 | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging method |
| CN102709891A (en)* | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Distributed parameter measurement impedance-based relay protection method for single-phase grounding fault of power transmission line |
| CN102707197A (en)* | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Distance measuring method and type diagnostic method of single-phase grounding fault of electric transmission line |
| Title |
|---|
| 基于分布参数模型的高压输电线路单相接地故障单端测距方法;林富洪等;《电网技术》;20110430;第35卷(第04期);第201-205页* |
| 基于改进线路参数模型的配网电缆单相接地测距方法;姜杰等;《电网技术》;20120531;第36卷(第05期);第185-189页* |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103323739A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103293439B (en) | Based on distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN102200563B (en) | Line single-phase earth fault single-terminal ranging method based on positioning function amplitude characteristics | |
| CN103293442B (en) | Residual voltage distribution character is utilized to realize line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN102175954B (en) | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging method | |
| CN102129014B (en) | Method for realizing line phase-to-phase fault single-end distance measurement by utilizing distribution parameter model | |
| CN105891669B (en) | A single-phase-to-ground fault location method based on the actual measurement of transition resistance | |
| CN102129011B (en) | Single-ended interphase fault location method for distributed capacitance current and fault resistance resistant line | |
| CN103245878B (en) | A kind of transmission line one-phase earth fault method of single end distance measurement | |
| CN103323739B (en) | Based on distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging | |
| CN103176102B (en) | A kind of range finding yardstick minimum principle that utilizes realizes line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN103293445B (en) | Distribution parameter measurement impedance magnitude characteristic is utilized to realize circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging | |
| CN105652156B (en) | Ultrahigh voltage alternating current transmission lines single-phase earthing voltage-phase is mutated distance measuring method | |
| CN103293441B (en) | Distribution parameter is utilized to realize line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN103278742B (en) | Voltage drop imaginary part characteristic is utilized to realize line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN103245876B (en) | Voltage drop real part characteristic is utilized to realize circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging | |
| CN103293444B (en) | The line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method of anti-transition resistance and load current impact | |
| CN103293440B (en) | Order components is utilized to realize line single-phase earth fault single-terminal location method | |
| CN103267929B (en) | Voltage drop imaginary part characteristic is utilized to realize circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging | |
| CN104330705B (en) | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging based on phase-to phase fault location factor | |
| CN112034305A (en) | Single-phase grounding voltage current phase comparison fault location method for ultra-high voltage alternating current transmission line | |
| CN103217630B (en) | Method of achieving single-phase ground fault single-end distance measurement of line by means of voltage drop real part characteristics | |
| CN104316842B (en) | Line phase fault single-ended distance measurement method by means of phase fault position factor phase characteristic | |
| CN104764977A (en) | Phase characteristic line phase-to-phase fault single-ended positioning method based on impedance positioning functions | |
| CN105203918A (en) | Extra-high voltage alternating current transmission line three-phase short-circuit fault distance detection method based on single-ended electrical quantity | |
| CN104950222B (en) | Circuit inter-phase fault single-end ranging is realized using hyperbolic tangent function phase characteristic |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |