技术领域technical field
本发明涉及触控面板技术领域，尤其涉及一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板及其感测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of touch panels, in particular to a touch panel with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern and a sensing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
触控面板的技术原理是当手指或其他介质接触到屏幕时，依据不同感应方式，侦测电压、电流、声波或红外线等，进而测出触压点的坐标位置。例如电阻式触控面板即为利用上、下电极间的电位差，用以计算施压点位置从而检测出触控点所在位置。电容式触控面板是利用排列的透明电极与人体之间的静电结合所产生的电容变化，通过所产生的电流或电压来检测其坐标。The technical principle of the touch panel is that when a finger or other medium touches the screen, it detects voltage, current, sound waves or infrared rays according to different sensing methods, and then measures the coordinate position of the touch point. For example, the resistive touch panel uses the potential difference between the upper and lower electrodes to calculate the position of the pressure point to detect the position of the touch point. The capacitive touch panel uses the capacitance change generated by the electrostatic combination between the arranged transparent electrodes and the human body, and detects its coordinates through the generated current or voltage.
图1为现有双层透明电极结构的示意图，透明电极依据X轴及Y轴方向布置。不同透明电极层之间以玻璃或塑料隔开。图1中双层透明电极结构的优点是可以侦测两个或两个以上的触碰点，同时具备良好的线性度。然而其缺点则是材料成本高，且制造工序繁琐。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing double-layer transparent electrode structure, and the transparent electrodes are arranged according to the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Different transparent electrode layers are separated by glass or plastic. The advantage of the double-layer transparent electrode structure in Figure 1 is that it can detect two or more touch points and has good linearity. However, its disadvantages are high material cost and cumbersome manufacturing process.
为了克服双层透明电极结构的高成本问题，一种解决方法为使用单层透明电极结构。图2为现有单层透明电极结构的示意图，其采用三角形图案(Pattern)结构的单一感测层。单层透明电极结构的触控屏幕优点在于可节省材料成本并简化制造工序。此种单层透明电极结构可以实现二维方向的坐标识别，但其缺点则为只能侦测到两个触碰点，特别是在同一条轴向线上的两个触碰点会被判断成单一个触碰点。In order to overcome the high cost problem of the double-layer transparent electrode structure, a solution is to use a single-layer transparent electrode structure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional single-layer transparent electrode structure, which adopts a single sensing layer with a triangular pattern structure. The advantage of the touch screen with a single-layer transparent electrode structure is that it can save material cost and simplify the manufacturing process. This kind of single-layer transparent electrode structure can realize coordinate recognition in two-dimensional directions, but its disadvantage is that only two touch points can be detected, especially two touch points on the same axial line will be judged into a single touch point.
为解决单层透明电极结构侦测多点触碰的问题，图3为另一现有单层透明电极结构示意图。图3的单层透明电极结构其可实现真实多点触碰侦测，且具有节省材料成本及简化制造工序的优点。然而，图3的单层透明电极结构有着走线复杂的缺点，也因为走线占据了部分面积，导致线性度变差。以一个采用图3的单层透明电极结构设计的4.3英寸多点触控屏幕为例，在水平方向大约需要12个感测点，而在垂直方向大约需要20个感测点。一共需划分成240个感测点，才能在4.3英寸多点触控屏幕上实现多点触控并有足够的精确度。由于每个感测点都需一条感测走线，用以作为和触控集成电路(IC)间的联机，240个感测点就需240条走线，使得走线相当复杂，进而不利图案(Pattern)设计。因此，现有单层透明电极结构仍有改善的空间。In order to solve the problem of multi-touch detection by the single-layer transparent electrode structure, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another existing single-layer transparent electrode structure. The single-layer transparent electrode structure in FIG. 3 can realize real multi-touch detection, and has the advantages of saving material cost and simplifying the manufacturing process. However, the single-layer transparent electrode structure in Figure 3 has the disadvantage of complex wiring, and because the wiring occupies part of the area, the linearity is deteriorated. Taking a 4.3-inch multi-touch screen designed with the single-layer transparent electrode structure in FIG. 3 as an example, about 12 sensing points are needed in the horizontal direction, and about 20 sensing points are needed in the vertical direction. A total of 240 sensing points need to be divided to realize multi-touch on a 4.3-inch multi-touch screen with sufficient precision. Since each sensing point requires a sensing trace for connection with the touch integrated circuit (IC), 240 sensing points require 240 traces, which makes the traces quite complicated and unfavorable for patterns. (Pattern) design. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in the existing single-layer transparent electrode structure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题在于提供一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板及其感测方法，以提供良好的触碰侦测的精确度，并提高触碰侦测的线性度，同时节省成本及加工程序。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel and its sensing method, so as to provide good touch detection accuracy and improve the linearity of touch detection. At the same time save costs and processing procedures.
依据本发明一特色，本发明提出一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板，其包含一基板、N个感应电极、及M个导线。所述N个感应电极分布于所述基板上，其中N为正整数。所述M个导线分布于所述基板上，其中M为正整数，所述M个导线的每一个导线具有一特定的阻抗值，每一个导线连接两个感应电极，且所述N个感应电极的任一个感应电极经由至少一个导线与至少另一个感应电极连接，使所述N个感应电极的每一个感应电极具有不同的电阻电容时间常数，其中，N个频率不同的驱动信号分别发送给所述N个感应电极中的其中之一并依序地发送给所述N个感应电极，并侦测所述N个感应电极上的电容变化，进而判断被碰触的感应电极。According to a characteristic of the present invention, the present invention provides a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel, which includes a substrate, N sensing electrodes, and M wires. The N sensing electrodes are distributed on the substrate, wherein N is a positive integer. The M wires are distributed on the substrate, where M is a positive integer, each of the M wires has a specific impedance value, each wire is connected to two sensing electrodes, and the N sensing electrodes Any one of the sensing electrodes is connected to at least another sensing electrode via at least one wire, so that each sensing electrode of the N sensing electrodes has a different resistance-capacitance time constant, wherein, N drive signals with different frequencies are respectively sent to the One of the N sensing electrodes is sent to the N sensing electrodes sequentially, and the capacitance change on the N sensing electrodes is detected to determine the touched sensing electrode.
依据本发明另一特色，本发明提出一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板的感测方法，所述低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板具有一基板；分布于所述基板上的N个感应电极，其中N为正整数；以及分布于所述基板上的M个导线，其中M为正整数，所述M个导线的每一个导线具有一特定的阻抗值，每一个导线连接两个感应电极，且所述N个感应电极的任一个感应电极经由至少一个导线与至少另一个感应电极连接，使所述N个感应电极的每一个感应电极具有不同的电阻电容时间常数。所述感测方法包含：(A)经由所述N个感应电极的其中之一对所述N个感应电极依序输入N个频率不同的驱动信号；(B)对于每一输入驱动信号，侦测所述N个感应电极所对应的电容变化；以及(C)依据所量得的N次电容变化判断所述N个感应电极中碰触的感应电极。According to another feature of the present invention, the present invention proposes a sensing method for a touch panel with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern. The touch panel with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern has a substrate; N sensing electrodes on the substrate, where N is a positive integer; and M wires distributed on the substrate, where M is a positive integer, each of the M wires has a specific impedance value, and each A wire is connected to two sensing electrodes, and any sensing electrode of the N sensing electrodes is connected to at least another sensing electrode via at least one wire, so that each sensing electrode of the N sensing electrodes has a different resistance capacitance time constant. The sensing method includes: (A) sequentially inputting N driving signals with different frequencies to the N sensing electrodes via one of the N sensing electrodes; (B) for each input driving signal, detecting Measuring the capacitance changes corresponding to the N sensing electrodes; and (C) judging the touched sensing electrodes among the N sensing electrodes according to the measured N times of capacitance changes.
依据本发明的另一特色，本发明提出一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板，其包含一基板、及K列感应电极。所述K列感应电极以一第一方向分布于所述基板上，每一列感应电极具有L个感应电极，每一列所述L个感应电极之间以L-1个导线连接，且所述每一列感应电极经由一电阻RL连接至一触控电路，每一列的所述L-1个导线皆分别具有一特定的阻抗值，每一个导线连接两个感应电极，使每一列所述L个感应电极分别具有不同的电阻电容时间常数，其中，L个频率不同的驱动信号经由每一列所述L个感应电极其中之一依序地施加于每一列所述L个感应电极，用以藉由侦测每一列所述L个感应电极上的电容变化，进而判断被碰触的感应电极。According to another feature of the present invention, the present invention provides a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel, which includes a substrate and K columns of sensing electrodes. The K columns of sensing electrodes are distributed on the substrate in a first direction, each column of sensing electrodes has L sensing electrodes, and the L sensing electrodes in each column are connected by L-1 wires, and each of the A row of sensing electrodes is connected to a touch circuit through a resistor RL, and the L-1 wires in each row have a specific impedance value, and each wire is connected to two sensing electrodes, so that the L sensing electrodes in each row The electrodes have different resistance-capacitance time constants, wherein L driving signals with different frequencies are sequentially applied to the L sensing electrodes in each row through one of the L sensing electrodes in each row, for detecting Measure the capacitance change on the L sensing electrodes in each column, and then determine the touched sensing electrode.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为现有双层透明电极结构的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of an existing double-layer transparent electrode structure;
图2为现有单层透明电极结构的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of an existing single-layer transparent electrode structure;
图3为另一现有单层透明电极结构的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of another existing single-layer transparent electrode structure;
图4为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a touch panel with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern according to the present invention;
图5为本发明感应电极图案示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the sensing electrode pattern of the present invention;
图6为本发明感应电极图案连接的另一示意图；Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of the sensing electrode pattern connection of the present invention;
图7为本发明感应电极图案连接的又一示意图；Fig. 7 is another schematic diagram of the sensing electrode pattern connection of the present invention;
图8为本发明感应电极图案连接的再一示意图；Fig. 8 is another schematic diagram of the sensing electrode pattern connection of the present invention;
图9为本发明感应电极图案连接的又一示意图；Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of the sensing electrode pattern connection of the present invention;
图10为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案触控面板的感测方法流程FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a sensing method for a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel of the present invention.
图；picture;
图11为本发明图4中感应电极与导线的等效电路图；Fig. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensing electrodes and wires in Fig. 4 of the present invention;
图12为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案触控面板的应用示意图。FIG. 12 is an application schematic diagram of a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图4为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案触控面板400的示意图，其包含一基板410、N个感应电极420、及M个导线430，其中N、M为正整数，于此实施例，为方便说明，N为4且M为3。4 is a schematic diagram of a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel 400 of the present invention, which includes a substrate 410, N sensing electrodes 420, and M wires 430, wherein N and M are positive integers, here In an embodiment, for convenience of description, N is 4 and M is 3.
所述N个感应电极420及所述M个导线430分布于所述基板410上。所述每一个导线430具有一特定的阻抗值，于本实施例中，所述特定的阻抗值较佳为一电阻值。所述每一个导线430连接两个感应电极420，且所述任一个感应电极420经由至少一个导线430与至少另一个感应电极420连接，使所述每一个感应电极420具有不同的电阻电容时间常数。在本实施例中，所述基板410上布置有4个标示为SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4的感应电极420及3个电阻值为R1,R2,R3的导线430，标示为SEN1的感应电极420经由电阻值为R1的导线430与标示为SEN2的感应电极420连接，标示为SEN2的感应电极420经由电阻值为R1,R2的导线分别与标示为SEN1,SEN2的感应电极420连接，标示为SEN3的感应电极420经由电阻值为R2,R3的导线430分别与标示为SEN2,SEN4的感应电极420连接，以及标示为SEN4的感应电极420经由电阻值为R3的导线430与标示为SEN3感应电极420连接。The N sensing electrodes 420 and the M wires 430 are distributed on the substrate 410 . Each of the wires 430 has a specific impedance value, and in this embodiment, the specific impedance value is preferably a resistance value. Each of the wires 430 is connected to two sensing electrodes 420, and any one of the sensing electrodes 420 is connected to at least one other sensing electrode 420 via at least one wire 430, so that each sensing electrode 420 has a different resistance-capacitance time constant . In this embodiment, four sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, and SEN4 and three wires 430 with resistance values R1, R2, and R3 are arranged on the substrate 410, and the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1 The sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN2 is connected to the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN2 through the wire 430 with a resistance value of R1, and the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN2 is connected to the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 and SEN2 through the wires with resistance values of R1 and R2 respectively, marked as SEN3 The sensing electrode 420 is connected to the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN2 and SEN4 through the wire 430 with resistance value R2 and R3 respectively, and the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN4 is connected to the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN3 through the wire 430 with resistance value R3 connect.
在本实施例触控面板400中，触控电路40的一驱动器480将N个具有不同频率的驱动信号440分别通过所述N个感应电极420的其中一个感应电极420，依序将所述驱动信号440发送给所述N个感应电极420。参见图4，所述驱动器480将N个具有不同频率的驱动信号440通过标示为SEN1的感应电极420，将所述驱动信号440发送给所述标示为SEN1，SEN2,SEN3,SEN4的感应电极420。所述触控电路40的一传感器490通过所述N个感应电极420的其中一个感应电极420依序侦测N个感应电极420上的电容变化，并且通过侦测所述N个感应电极420上的电容变化而判断碰触的感应电极420。参见图4，所述传感器490通过标示为SEN1的感应电极420，依序侦测所述标示为SEN1，SEN2,SEN3,SEN4的感应电极420上的电容变化。其中，所述N个驱动信号440为脉冲信号且第j个驱动信号440的频率Fj大于第j+1个驱动信号440的频率Fj+1，1≦j≦N-1，所述N个驱动信号440的脉冲数目为1至一特定数目。在本实施例中，为施加频率为F1,F2,F3,F4的4个驱动信号440，其中F1>F2>F3>F4，且驱动信号440的脉冲数目为3，详细的说，驱动器480先将频率为F1的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；然后，将频率为F2的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；接着，将频率为F3的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；最后，将频率为F4的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化。In the touch panel 400 of this embodiment, a driver 480 of the touch circuit 40 passes N driving signals 440 with different frequencies through one of the N sensing electrodes 420 respectively, and sequentially drives the The signal 440 is sent to the N sensing electrodes 420 . Referring to FIG. 4, the driver 480 passes N driving signals 440 with different frequencies through the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, and sends the driving signals 440 to the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, and SEN4. . A sensor 490 of the touch control circuit 40 sequentially detects the capacitance change on the N sensing electrodes 420 through one of the sensing electrodes 420 of the N sensing electrodes 420 , and detects the capacitance change on the N sensing electrodes 420 The sensing electrode 420 is judged to be touched by the capacitance change. Referring to FIG. 4 , the sensor 490 sequentially detects capacitance changes on the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1 , SEN2 , SEN3 , and SEN4 through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 . Wherein, the N driving signals 440 are pulse signals and the frequency Fj of the jth driving signal 440 is greater than the frequency Fj+1 of the j+1th driving signal 440, 1≦j≦N-1, and the N driving signals 440 The number of pulses of the signal 440 is 1 to a specific number. In this embodiment, in order to apply four drive signals 440 with frequencies F1, F2, F3, and F4, wherein F1>F2>F3>F4, and the number of pulses of the drive signal 440 is 3, in detail, the driver 480 first A drive signal 440 with frequency F1 is applied to the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) via the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, and the sensor 490 detects the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN4) through the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1. SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) on the capacitance change; then, the driving signal 440 with frequency F2 is applied to the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1, and the sensor 490 is passed through the sensing electrode 420 marked as The sensing electrode 420 of SEN1 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4); then, the driving signal 440 with a frequency of F3 is applied to the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1) via the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 , SEN2, SEN3, SEN4), and the sensor 490 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1; finally, the driving signal 440 with a frequency of F4 is passed through The sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 is applied to the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4), and the sensor 490 detects the capacitance changes.
图5为本发明感应电极420的图案(pattern)示意图。其说明所述N个感应电极420可为下列形状其中之一：长方形、正方形、菱形、圆形、三角形、五边形、六边形、八边形或六角星形。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pattern of the sensing electrode 420 of the present invention. It shows that the N sensing electrodes 420 can be one of the following shapes: rectangle, square, rhombus, circle, triangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon or six-pointed star.
所述N个感应电极420是由透明导电材料所形成的透明感应电极。所述透明导电材料选自下列群组其中之一：铟锡氧化物(ITO)、铟锌氧化物、氧化锌锡、导电高分子、及奈米碳管。The N sensing electrodes 420 are transparent sensing electrodes formed of transparent conductive materials. The transparent conductive material is selected from one of the following groups: indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, zinc tin oxide, conductive polymer, and carbon nanotubes.
图6为本发明感应电极420的图案(pattern)连接的另一示意图。于图4、图5、图6中，所述M个导线430的第i个导线430(具有电阻值Ri)连接所述N个感应电极420的第i个感应电极(标示为SENi)及第i+1个感应电极(标示为SENi+1)，以让所述N个感应电极420形成串连形式，当中，1≦i≦N-1，且N=M+1。FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of the pattern connection of the sensing electrodes 420 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, the i-th wire 430 (with a resistance value Ri) of the M wires 430 is connected to the i-th sensing electrode (marked as SENi) and the i-th sensing electrode 420 of the N sensing electrodes 420 and i+1 sensing electrodes (marked as SENi+1), so that the N sensing electrodes 420 form a series connection, wherein, 1≦i≦N−1, and N=M+1.
图7为本发明感应电极420的图案(pattern)连接的又一示意图。于图7中，感应电极420连接成星状拓普(startopology)。图8为本发明感应电极420的图案(pattern)连接再一示意图。于图8中，感应电极420以串连及并联形式共存而形成网状拓普。FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of the pattern connection of the sensing electrodes 420 of the present invention. In FIG. 7 , the sensing electrodes 420 are connected in a star topology. FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of the pattern connection of the sensing electrodes 420 of the present invention. In FIG. 8 , the sensing electrodes 420 coexist in series and parallel to form a mesh topology.
于图4、图5、图6、图7、图8中，所述M个导线430的每一个导线具有一特定的阻抗值，于本实施例中，所述特定的阻抗值较佳为电阻值，而可等效于一电阻。In FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, each of the M wires 430 has a specific impedance value. In this embodiment, the specific impedance value is preferably a resistance value, which can be equivalent to a resistor.
图9为本发明感应电极420的图案(pattern)连接的又一示意图。其中，所述M个导线430的每一个导线为弯折布线以形成所需的阻抗值。FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of the pattern connection of the sensing electrodes 420 of the present invention. Wherein, each of the M wires 430 is bent and wired to form a required impedance value.
图10为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板400的感测方法流程图。请一并参照图4，所述低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板400具有一基板410、分布于所述基板上的N个感应电极420、以及分布于所述基板上的M个导线430，其中N、M为正整数，所述M个导线430的每一个导线430具有一特定的阻抗值，于本实施例中，所述特定的阻抗值较佳为电阻值，每一个导线430连接两个感应电极420，且所述N个感应电极420的任一个感应电极420经过至少一个导线430与至少另一个感应电极420连接，以令所述N个感应电极420的每一个感应电极420具有不同的电阻电容时间常数。所述感测方法首先于步骤(A)中，驱动器480经由所述N个感应电极420的其中之一而对所述N个感应电极420依序输入N个频率不同的驱动信号440，其中，所述N个驱动信号440为脉冲信号且第j个驱动信号440的频率Fj大于第j+1个驱动信号440的频率Fj+1，1≦j≦N-1，所述N个驱动信号440的脉冲数目为1至一特定数目。于此示范例中，所述N个驱动信号440的脉冲数目为3，驱动器480先将频率为F1的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；然后，将频率为F2的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；接着，将频率为F3的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；最后，将频率为F4的驱动信号440经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420施加于感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)，且传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化。FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a sensing method for a touch panel 400 with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern according to the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4 together, the touch panel 400 of the low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern has a substrate 410, N sensing electrodes 420 distributed on the substrate, and M sensing electrodes 420 distributed on the substrate. Wires 430, wherein N and M are positive integers, each wire 430 of the M wires 430 has a specific impedance value, in this embodiment, the specific impedance value is preferably a resistance value, each wire 430 connects two sensing electrodes 420, and any sensing electrode 420 of the N sensing electrodes 420 is connected to at least another sensing electrode 420 through at least one wire 430, so that each sensing electrode of the N sensing electrodes 420 420 has a different resistor-capacitor time constant. In the sensing method, first in step (A), the driver 480 sequentially inputs N driving signals 440 with different frequencies to the N sensing electrodes 420 through one of the N sensing electrodes 420 , wherein, The N driving signals 440 are pulse signals and the frequency Fj of the jth driving signal 440 is greater than the frequency Fj+1 of the j+1th driving signal 440, 1≦j≦N-1, and the N driving signals 440 The number of pulses is from 1 to a specific number. In this example, the number of pulses of the N driving signals 440 is 3, and the driver 480 first applies the driving signal 440 with a frequency of F1 to the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4), and the sensor 490 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1; The electrodes 420 are applied to the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4), and the sensor 490 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) via the sensing electrode 420 labeled SEN1; then, A drive signal 440 with a frequency of F3 is applied to the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) via the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, and the sensor 490 detects the sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1) via the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1. , SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) on the capacitance change; finally, the drive signal 440 with a frequency of F4 is applied to the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1, and the sensor 490 is passed through the sensing electrode 420 marked as Capacitance changes on the sensing electrodes 420 ( SEN1 , SEN2 , SEN3 , SEN4 ) are detected for the sensing electrodes 420 of SEN1 .
图11为本发明图4中感应电极420与导线430的等效电路图。其以标示为SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4的4个感应电极与电阻值为R1,R2,R3的3个导线为例，本领与普通技术人员可基于本发明所公开的技术而扩展到N个感应电极420，故不再赘述。参见图4及图11所示，将4个感应电极利用走线或电阻相互连接，感应电极之间置入计算过的电阻(R1～R3)，等效电阻电容模型如图11所示，触控电路40与标示为SEN1的第一个感应电极420间的组抗为RL，标示为SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4的感应电极420与大地间的等效电容分别为CSEN1,CSEN2,CSEN3,CSEN4。FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensing electrode 420 and the wire 430 in FIG. 4 of the present invention. Taking the four sensing electrodes marked as SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4 and the three wires with resistance values R1, R2, R3 as an example, those skilled in the art can expand the number to N based on the technology disclosed in the present invention. The sensing electrodes 420 are not described in detail. As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 11, the four sensing electrodes are connected to each other by wires or resistors, and the calculated resistance (R1~R3) is placed between the sensing electrodes. The equivalent resistance-capacitance model is shown in Figure 11. The group reactance between the control circuit 40 and the first sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 is RL, and the equivalent capacitances between the sensing electrodes 420 marked as SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, and SEN4 and the ground are respectively CSEN1, CSEN2, CSEN3, and CSEN4 .
由于R3CSEN4、R2CSEN3、R1CSEN2与RLCSEN1分别有着不同的电阻电容(RC)时间常数，将时间常数设计成R3CSEN4>R2CSEN3>R1CSEN2>RLCSEN1，也就是说每个电容CSEN可利用频率侦测范围都不同。由于R3CSEN4可侦测频率最高为F4、R2CSEN3可侦测频率最高为F3、R1CSEN2可侦测频率最高为F2、RLCSEN1可侦测频率最高为F1。此时因为时间常数设计F4<F3<F2<F1的关系，使得当侦测频率为F1时只能感测电容CSEN1的变化，电容CSEN2～CSEN4则因为时间常数过大而使侦测频率F1侦测不到，同理当侦测频率为F2时能感测电容CSEN1～CSEN2的变化而侦测不到电容CSEN3～CSEN4，当侦测频率为F3时能感测电容CSEN1～CSEN3的变化而侦测不到电容CSEN4，当侦测频率为F4时能感测CSEN1～CSEN4的变化，故利用分别施加频率为F4～F1的驱动信号440，即可个别得到电容CSEN1～CSEN4的变化量，进而判断触控点位置。Since R3CSEN4, R2CSEN3, R1CSEN2, and RLCSEN1 have different resistor-capacitor (RC) time constants, the time constants are designed as R3CSEN4>R2CSEN3>R1CSEN2>RLCSEN1, which means that the available frequency detection range of each capacitor CSEN is different. Since R3CSEN4 can detect up to F4, R2CSEN3 can detect up to F3, R1CSEN2 can detect up to F2, and RLCSEN1 can detect up to F1. At this time, due to the relationship of time constant design F4<F3<F2<F1, when the detection frequency is F1, only the change of capacitance CSEN1 can be sensed, and the capacitance CSEN2~CSEN4 is too large to detect the detection frequency F1 because of the time constant. Can not be detected, similarly, when the detection frequency is F2, it can sense the changes of capacitors CSEN1~CSEN2 but cannot detect capacitors CSEN3~CSEN4. When the detection frequency is F3, it can sense the changes of capacitors CSEN1~CSEN3 and detect When the detection frequency is F4, the changes of CSEN1~CSEN4 can be sensed without the capacitor CSEN4. Therefore, by applying the driving signal 440 with the frequency of F4~F1 respectively, the variation of the capacitors CSEN1~CSEN4 can be obtained individually, and then judge the touch. handle position.
因此于步骤(B)中，对于每一输入的驱动信号440，传感器490量测所述N个感应电极420所对应的电容变化，亦即，在本实施例中，对于输入频率为F1的驱动信号440，传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；然后，对于输入频率为F2的驱动信号440，传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；对于输入频率为F3的驱动信号440，传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化；对于输入频率为F4的驱动信号440，传感器490经由标示为SEN1的感应电极420而侦测感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)上的电容变化。并于步骤(C)中，依据所量得的N次电容变化判断所述N个感应电极420中碰触的感应电极420。Therefore, in step (B), for each input driving signal 440, the sensor 490 measures the capacitance change corresponding to the N sensing electrodes 420, that is, in this embodiment, for the driving signal whose input frequency is F1 signal 440, the sensor 490 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1; then, for the driving signal 440 whose input frequency is F2, the sensor 490 passes through the The sensing electrode 420 of SEN1 detects the capacitance change on the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4); for the driving signal 440 whose input frequency is F3, the sensor 490 detects the sensing electrode through the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 Capacitance change on 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4); for the driving signal 440 with an input frequency of F4, the sensor 490 detects the sensing electrode 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) via the sensing electrode 420 marked as SEN1 change in capacitance. And in step (C), the sensing electrode 420 touched among the N sensing electrodes 420 is determined according to the measured N times of capacitance changes.
由于R3CSEN4、R2CSEN3、R1CSEN2与RLCSEN1可事先设计，因此，触控电路40可事先使用频率为F1的驱动信号440输入至图4中的4个感应电极420(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)及导线430(R1,R2,R3)中，并量测于标示为SEN1的感应电极4201有触碰情形时及没有触碰情形时，电容CSEN1的变化量；并事先使用频率为F2的驱动信号440输入至图4中的4个感应电极(SEN1,SEN2,SEN3,SEN4)及导线(R1,R2,R3)中，并量测于感应电极SEN1及SEN2有触碰情形时及没有触碰情形时，CSEN1及CSEN2的电容变化量。同理，依序使用频率为F3及F4的驱动信号440，而分别获得CSEN1、CSEN2、CSEN3、CSEN4的电容变化量。触控电路40将所述等电容变化量储存于一表格中，即可于步骤(C)中，依据所量得的N次电容变化而判断所述N个感应电极420中碰触的感应电极420。Since R3CSEN4, R2CSEN3, R1CSEN2 and RLCSEN1 can be designed in advance, the touch circuit 40 can use the drive signal 440 with frequency F1 to input to the four sensing electrodes 420 (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) and wires in FIG. 430 (R1, R2, R3), and measure the amount of change in capacitance CSEN1 when the sensing electrode 4201 marked as SEN1 is touched and when it is not touched; and the drive signal 440 with a frequency of F2 is used to input in advance Go to the four sensing electrodes (SEN1, SEN2, SEN3, SEN4) and wires (R1, R2, R3) in Figure 4, and measure when the sensing electrodes SEN1 and SEN2 are in touch or not. The capacitance variation of CSEN1 and CSEN2. Similarly, the driving signals 440 with frequencies F3 and F4 are used in sequence to obtain the capacitance variations of CSEN1 , CSEN2 , CSEN3 , and CSEN4 respectively. The touch control circuit 40 stores the equal capacitance changes in a table, so that in step (C), it can judge the touched sensing electrode among the N sensing electrodes 420 according to the measured N capacitance changes. 420.
图12为本发明一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案的触控面板400的应用示意图。其安装于一基板1210上，将将感应电极420分成K个列(column)，K个列感应电极沿着一第一方向(X)分布于所述基板上。每一个列(column)感应电极具有L个感应电极420，每一列的L个感应电极420之间以L-1个导线连接，且每一列经由一电阻RL连接至所述触控电路40，其中，所述这些导线均分别具有一特定的阻抗值。如图12所示，其显示感应电极420的数量众多且感应电极420与感应电极420之间的距离d可有效地缩小，故感应电极420涵盖的面积变大，不止可提供良好的触碰侦测的精确度，亦可提高触碰侦测的线性度。FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the application of a touch panel 400 with a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern according to the present invention. It is installed on a substrate 1210 and divides the sensing electrodes 420 into K columns, and the K columns of sensing electrodes are distributed on the substrate along a first direction (X). Each column (column) sensing electrode has L sensing electrodes 420, and the L sensing electrodes 420 in each column are connected by L-1 wires, and each column is connected to the touch circuit 40 through a resistor RL, wherein , the wires each have a specific impedance value. As shown in Figure 12, it shows that the number of sensing electrodes 420 is large and the distance d between the sensing electrodes 420 and the sensing electrodes 420 can be effectively reduced, so the area covered by the sensing electrodes 420 becomes larger, which not only provides good touch detection. It can improve the accuracy of touch detection and improve the linearity of touch detection.
由上述说明可知，本发明技术通过在感测点与感测点间加入阻抗将不同感测点连接在一起，来达到图案(Pattern)设计简化。因为将多个感应电极420连接在一起，所以为了要分辨是哪一个感应电极420被触摸，因此需要加上电阻。同时因为每一个感应电极420可以等效上为一个电容，在感应电极420间加入计算过的电阻，就可以利用RC低通滤波器的特性，当不同频率的信号进入不同感应电极420，信号量都会存在差异，利用此差异性来分辨触控点。As can be seen from the above description, the technology of the present invention achieves simplification of pattern design by adding impedance between sensing points to connect different sensing points together. Since multiple sensing electrodes 420 are connected together, in order to distinguish which sensing electrode 420 is touched, a resistor needs to be added. At the same time, because each sensing electrode 420 can be equivalent to a capacitor, adding the calculated resistance between the sensing electrodes 420 can take advantage of the characteristics of the RC low-pass filter. When signals of different frequencies enter different sensing electrodes 420, the signal volume There will be differences, and use this difference to distinguish touch points.
综上所述，本发明的感应电极经由导线连接，可形成一种低复杂度单层透明电极图案，感应电极与感应电极之间的距离可有效地缩小，而使感应电极涵盖的面积变大，可提供良好的触碰侦测的精确度，亦可提高触碰侦测的线性度，同时节省成本及加工程序。In summary, the sensing electrodes of the present invention are connected by wires to form a low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern, the distance between the sensing electrodes can be effectively reduced, and the area covered by the sensing electrodes becomes larger. , can provide good touch detection accuracy, and can also improve the linearity of touch detection, while saving cost and processing procedures.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明保护的范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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| CN201310277586.1ACN103294279B (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2013-07-03 | Low-complexity single-layer transparent electrode pattern touch panel and sensing method thereof |
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| CN102576272A (en)* | 2009-10-08 | 2012-07-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | Multi-touch touch device with multiple drive frequencies and maximum likelihood estimation |
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