CN103288181A - Thermionic emission type anion water and ozone generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

热电子发射式负离子水和臭氧发生器。主要由高、低压直流电源、透明盛水之容器、小功率电炉、热电子发射极(阴极)、阳极板、以及杠铃式绝缘导体等组成。透明盛水之容器的顶部设有热电子发射极(阴极)，在底部设有阳极板。在阴、阳极之间的水面下，设置一杠铃式绝缘导体。热电子发射极(阴极)会向绝缘导体的顶端发射大量热电子。这些电子在飞越空间时，能产生臭氧；又电子进入水中后，与水分子作用生成氢气。于是容器内水中的氢氧根离子便相对逐渐增多，pH值增大，就可制得所需pH值的经臭氧消毒的负离子水。负离子水不但对人体能有效排除和灭活自由基的作用，使自由基无毒化，达到防病抗衰老，而且对所有生物都有“神奇”的作用，如用于养殖，则成活率高，养得肥大鲜美；用于育种和灌浇植物，则种子发芽率高，枝条茁壮，结果多，生长速度提高等等。因此，很值得研究推广和使用。

Thermionic emission negative ion water and ozone generator. It is mainly composed of high and low voltage DC power supply, transparent water container, small power electric furnace, thermal electron emitter (cathode), anode plate, and barbell type insulated conductor, etc. A thermal electron emitter (cathode) is arranged on the top of the transparent water container, and an anode plate is arranged on the bottom. Under the water surface between the cathode and the anode, a barbell-type insulated conductor is arranged. The thermionic emitter (cathode) emits a large number of thermionic electrons towards the top of the insulated conductor. When these electrons fly through space, they can generate ozone; and when the electrons enter the water, they react with water molecules to generate hydrogen gas. Therefore, the hydroxide ion in the water in the container increases relatively gradually, and the pH value increases, so that the ozone-sterilized anion water with the required pH value can be obtained. Negative ion water can not only effectively eliminate and inactivate free radicals for the human body, make free radicals non-toxic, achieve disease prevention and anti-aging, but also have a "magic" effect on all living things. If used for breeding, the survival rate is high. If it is used for breeding and watering plants, the seed germination rate will be high, the branches will be strong, the fruit will be more, and the growth rate will be increased. Therefore, it is worth researching, promoting and using.

Description

Thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to first family main group element on the periodic table of elements and lose the performance of outermost electron and the effect of the electrostatic field that high-voltage DC power supply produces easily, and the reaction that takes place of electronics and water.

Background technology

Anion water is rich in electronics, can effectively get rid of with the deactivation human body in the carcinogenic free radical that causes a disease, and all biologies are had the effect of " mystery ", culture as being used for, surviving rate height then, support loose deliciousness; Be used for breeding and pour plant, rate of emergence height then, branch is healthy and strong, and the result is many, and the speed of growth improves etc. so develop the urgent need that high-effect anion water generator has become society.

In physics, confirmed that beyond suspicion negative ray is stream of electrons; In old-fashioned electron tube, for strengthening the emission measure of stream of electrons in the electron tube, increased a metal sheet that can be subjected to thermal electron on filament (negative electrode) side, namely make indirectly heated tube; Utilize metal caesium (Cs) to lose an outermost electronics easily, found photovoltaic effect, phototube was widely applied afterwards.

In electrochemistry, acquire again in addition: 2H₂O+2e=2OH^-+ H₂. thereby Xiang Shuizhong emission electronics, can make hydrogen ion (H in the water⁺) constantly reduce relative hydroxide ion (OH^-) be on the increase, pH value constantly increases.From this thinking, just designed the thermal electron emission anion water generator.

Summary of the invention

Thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer are mainly by the transparent container that is filled with water, high and low pressure direct supply, small power electric furnace, thermionic electron emitter (negative electrode) and formations such as positive plate and bar-bell type insulated conductor.

Electron amount in the unit time that thermionic electron emitter emits indicates in the electric current chapters and sections in physics ionogen and gas, is not defer to Ohm's law.Obviously, its emission measure of electronics in the unit time be with emtting electrode in easily emission electronic metal content character area size and the voltage between yin, yang pole plate relative with temperature, emtting electrode and the anode of number, emtting electrode just relevant.

On the periodic table of elements there be the main group element of first family: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), francium (Fr) etc. have only an electronics on their outermost orbit, break away from easily, the modern potassium (K) of selecting is as the material of making thermionic electron emitter, and its reason is:

1) there are rareness in rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), francium (Fr) at nature, are exactly to have on caesium (Cs) market, but price is extremely expensive.

2) potassium (K) can be supplied on market in a large number, and price is relatively also cheap.

3) fusing point of these several first family main group elements, boiling point, ionic dissociation energy, Noboru China's heat and ionizing potential etc. are compared as follows mutually:

Metal	Li	Na	K	Rb	Cs
						Fusing point (℃)	186	98	63	39	28
Boiling point (℃)	1336	890	770	680	670
						Ionic dissociation energy (thousand card/mol)	26	18	12	11	10
Noboru China's heat (thousand card/grammeatom)	36	26	22	21	19
						The ionizing potential of atom (volt)	5.4	5.1	4.3	4.2	3.9

Ionizing potential is that atom loses electronics and becomes the needed minimum potential of positive ion.

Show from last table: potassium (K) and its performance of caesium (Cs) are very approaching, price also can, be the most desirable therefore.

Because the activity of potassium (K) is bigger than sodium (Na), all to burn with water or with air effect, for this reason, this just requires in vacuum or is full of in the closed unit as gases such as nitrogen or carbonic acid gas, potassium is taken out from kerosene, put between two metal sheets, the crack around sealing again after has altogether namely been made thermionic electron emitter.

This closed unit can be made like this, uses sheet glass above, and other position is that metal or timber can..The openning that two left hand and right hand can stretch into is opened in the side, gets one pair of the plastic glove of long sleeves mouth, and seamless adhesion is made at the edge of two opennings of two opennings of gloves and closed unit, makes two hands have on this assistant and overlaps and can operate in closed unit.Earlier tinsel and potassium and required closed material and instrument are put into closed unit, then, available carbonic acid gas closes device with the emptying gas method Zhu Ru Mi that makes progress, and is airtight thereafter.The method of obtaining carbonic acid gas is a lot, and calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid effect are the laboratory preparation methods, i.e. 2HC l+CaCO₃=CaC l₂+ H₂O+CO₂Can consult and use.

(E is strength of electric field to definition from strength of electric field: E=F/q, F goes up the suffered effect of electric field power of electric charge q for being placed on electric field point), it is apparent to derive F=qE. thus, because of an electron is negatively charged lotus, obtaining has bigger directed force F to it, must strengthen electric field strength E. and in the chapters and sections of physical basic electrostatic phenomenon, sets forth in detail:, electric field strength E between parallel plate, be with two-plate between voltage U be directly proportional, and being inversely proportional to apart from d between two plates, its pass Department formula is: so E=U/d. just just can select high-voltage DC power supply on demand, voltage between the negative plate and distance. design.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples Dui Jin Yi of the present invention Walk explanation.

Fig. 1 is that structure and the circuit of thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer connects synoptic diagram.

Fig. 2 is structure and the profile synoptic diagram of thermionic electron emitter.

Fig. 3 is structure and the profile synoptic diagram of bar-bell type insulated conductor.

Fig. 4 is the profile synoptic diagram of thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer.

Among Fig. 1-4, the 1-timer, the 2-varistor, 3-primary coil, 4-low pressure output sw, 5-primary coil, 6-high pressure output sw, the 7-rectifier, the 8-electromagnetic relay, the 9-spring, 10-armature, the 11-the earth, the 12-ground wire, the transparent container that is filled with water of 13-, the 14-positive plate, the 15-insulating material, the 16-rising pipe, the 17-valve, 18-water, the 19-spillway, 20-bar-bell type insulated conductor, the lid of the transparent water container of 21-, the 22-thermionic electron emitter, 23-small power electric furnace, 24-Dian Re Silk, the 25-vent valve, the 26-water inlet pipe, the 27-valve, 28-turning handle switch, the 29-electro-magnet, the pilot lamp that 30-one can glow, the pilot lamp of 31-energy green light, the 32-rectifier, the 33-height, low-voltage dc power supply, the 34-telegraph key, the 35-plug, the 36-potassium metal, the 37-metal sheet, the high temperature resistant closed material of 38-, the 39-metal sheet, the 40-height, the insulation outer container of low-voltage dc power supply.

In all multiple components, high and low pressure direct supply (33), electromagnetic relay (8), small power electric furnace (23), timer (1), varistor (2), the pilot lamp (30) that can glow, pilot lamp (31), telegraph key (34), plug (35) and valve (17), (27) etc. that can green light, on the market all easily buying obtain.

The transparent container that is filled with water (13) is made with glass or synthetic glass, the lid of transparent water container (21) is made with the good stupalith of high temperature resistant physical strength again, and high and low pressure direct supply outer container (40) must be made with the good insulation preformance plastics that physical strength is good again.

Thermionic electron emitter (22) is by metal sheet (37) and metal sheet (39) potassium metal (36) to be clipped in the middle, owing to potassium metal (K) is met just oxidized burning of air, meet water and water effect releasing hydrogen gas and also burn, Jin No preserves in kerosene at ordinary times.Therefore must vacuum be full of nitrogen or the closed unit of carbonic acid gas in, potassium is placed between two metal sheets (37), (39), altogether after, peripheral crack is sealed with high temperature resistant closed material (38).Metallic sheet material can adopt stainless steel, copper or aluminium. and high temperature resistant closed material (38) used water glass mixes and stirs with cement or other have the material of identical performance.

Bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) can adopt iron casting, and its outside surface must be used insulating material (15) sealing, the toxic low-cost vinyon again of the available good insulation preformance ， of insulating material (15) No.

Bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) is placed between thermionic electron emitter (22) and the positive plate (14), is to utilize it that the phenomenon of static induction can take place.At this moment, or else the strength of electric field between desire meter Suan yin, yang pole plate be the distance between use heat electron emitter (22) and the positive plate (14), but thermionic electron emitter (22) is to the distance at bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) top.Shortened this segment distance of bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) height, strength of electric field is strengthened significantly, and thermionic electron emitter (22) electron emission ability is improved greatly.

In order to produce highfield, the distance from thermionic electron emitter (22) to bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) is the smaller the better, and still, too little will the generation punctures and generation electric arc, so this distance is limited.In General Physics ionogen and gas, in the chapters and sections of electric current, show under barometric point, when taking place to puncture between two electrodes of different electrode shapes, the pass Department table of the distance of two interpolar voltages and two interpolars, make a copy of as follows:

If plane-shaped electrode is rough, exist on the serration unevenly, then just can not treat as plane.

Be principle and the working method that further describes thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer by embodiment below:

Open valve (27) and add water, exceed the top of bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) to the water surface, plug (35) is connected 220 volts civil power, again timer (1) is arranged on the scale of the time of using high-voltage heat of emission electron institute need.Varistor (2) can be regulated the voltage at primary coil (5) two ends, just can regulate the high pressure output of output high pressure sw (6), with control emtting electrode what of thermal electron emission amount in the unit time.

Closed telegraph key (34) all leads to and has gone up being in nichrome wire (24), primary coil (4) and primary coil (5) in the small power electric furnace (23) in parallel.

Nichrome wire (24) in the small power electric furnace (23) is just the metal sheet (37) of forming thermionic electron emitter (22), (39) and potassium metal (36) heating, because the boiling point of potassium metal (36) is 770 ℃, become steam soon, in general chemistry, also point out, at this moment potassium metal (36) all is monatomic state, and only this electronics just is easy to lose on its atom outermost orbit.

The loop of forming at low pressure output sw (4) and rectifier (32) has electric current to pass through.So rectifier (32) and pilot lamp (30), pilot lamp (31) and electro-magnet (29) parallel with one another can both become logical on the loop of electric current.When turning handle switch (28) places a point, the pilot lamp that can glow (30) is luminous, and the pilot lamp (31) of energy green light does not work, and the coil on the electro-magnet (29) has electric current to pass through Yin No, armature (10) can not be attracted by electro-magnet (29), and the A in the high tension loop, A just can not connect.Therefore, the pilot lamp that can glow (30) is luminous, and expression thermionic electron emitter (22) is being heated, but does not have thermal electron emission..

When turning handle switch (28) placed the b point, rectifier (32) just had electric current to pass through with the pilot lamp (31) of parallel with one another energy green light and the loop of electro-magnet (29) composition.At this moment, the pilot lamp that can glow (30) extinguishes, and the pilot lamp of green light (31) is luminous, and electro-magnet (29) is gone up coil simultaneously has electric current to pass through, and armature (10) is just attracted by electro-magnet (29), and spring (9) is elongated, and 2 of A, A are switched on.Become the connection of connecting so can export the negative pole of the rectifier (7) of high voltage direct current with armature (10) and thermionic electron emitter (22), positive pole and positive plate (14) because of rectifier (7) links again, place the bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) in the transparent container that is filled with water (13), certainly will be subjected to positive plate (14) influential action and static induction takes place, at this moment, the strength of electric field between thermionic electron emitter (22) and bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) top strengthens greatly.From potassium metal (36) Off from the electronics that comes out under the effect of electrical forces, just pass through metal sheet (39) and fly into the space, fly to the top of bar-bell type insulated conductor (20), the result drops in the top water of bar-bell type insulated conductor (20), from " modern electrochemistry ", acquire, electronics contacts with water, namely reacts:

Water is weak electrolyte, is polar molecule, has more water molecules to be ionized under the highfield effect, has produced more hydrogen ion (H⁺) and hydroxide ion (O H^-), so hydrogen ion (H⁺) just must combine with the electronics that emission comes, namely

Illustrate from (1), (2) formula: the hydrogen ion (H water⁺) number and hydroxide ion (OH^-) number, equated originally, see the growth in reaction times as Jin Sui, make hydrogen ion (H⁺) constantly reduce relative hydroxide ion (OH^-) count and be on the increase, so the pH value of water is just increasing, just made anion water.

On the metal sheet (37) of thermionic electron emitter (22), (39), must connect ground wire (12), link with the earth (11) and since thermionic electron emitter (22) behind the emission electronics electromotive force own raise, as earth-free, thermal electron emission just is of short duration.At this moment, thermionic electron emitter (22) just is higher than the earth (11) because losing its electromotive force of a large amount of electronics, and the earth (11) will pass through ground wire (12) conduction, and electronics is sent to thermionic electron emitter (22), and electron emission is sustainable to carry out and make.

Because thermal electron emission is passed through the space, electronics has than macro-energy under the highfield effect, and therefore the oxygen in its energy ionized air, on the approach that thermoelectron passes through, certainly will can see the Hyacinth corona, illustrates constantly producing ozone, namely

(be reversible reaction: be thermopositive reaction left, be thermo-negative reaction to the right.) solubleness of ozone is 13 times of oxygen, so soluble in water, it has the sterilization of utmost point Strong and eliminates the ability of the organic poison of tool carinogenicity.

In the upper portion side wall of the transparent container that is filled with water (13), have spillway (19), be used for spilling water, prevent that careless volume of water input is too much, with protection thermionic electron emitter (22). also can play the effect of exhaust and air inlet simultaneously.

On the lid (21) of transparent water container, one vent valve (25) is arranged, because when producing ozone, needing air, because thermionic electron emitter (22) is in continuous release of heat, gas also is heated on the water surface, opens vent valve (25), warm air is discharged thus, freezing air just enters from spillway (19), has brought oxygen, for producing ozone.

At electronics and water and hydrogen ion (H⁺) in the reaction process, the hydrogen (H that emits₂), also can discharge from vent valve (25) or the spillway (19) opened.

Effect through highfield, water is from 13～16 water clusters that water molecules is unified into of former cause, become by 6 water moleculess even the small water molecule that still less is unified into group and formed, this water capacity is the cytolemma by human body easily, can enter cell to multiple nutrient matter more, simultaneously more waste materials are discharged, this just becomes the good health and a long life water of being confirmed by World Health Organization (WHO).

At last, make good use of the thermal electron emission anion water generator for operating and making, remake following some explanation:

1.PH the mensuration of value should adopt glass electrode method, to obtain more accurate data, does not use more rough test paper colorimetric method for determining.

2. if be anion water pH value＞7.6 that 7.4～7.6. makes to the optimum pH value of human body, then can mix different substances together with ortho-water, pH value is down to 7.4～7.6.

3. to pay attention to having laid ground wire (12) especially, make stake resistance Jin Liang Minus little, guarantee that the earth (11) is to the conduction supply of thermionic electron emitter (22) electronics.

4. judge that whether ozone discharges the initiation contaminate environment from vent valve (25), can place the red litmus paper that a slice be soaked KI solution in face of air-flow at venting port (25)., if there is ozone to overflow, at this moment chemical reaction namely takes place on the litmus paper:

2KI+O₃+H₂O＝2KOH+I₂+O₂

If can make after the reaction test paper become blue with contact starch and can make starch present bluish voilet, just can confirm KOH and I₂. also just confirmed the ozone effusion.

5. if there is ozone to overflow, then can:

1) pick out in the bottled water of feeding with leather hose, making is the ozone saturated solution of fine sterilizing agent.

Whether ozone feeds in the bottled water, reach capacity, and the same available red litmus paper that soaked KI solution is placed on bottleneck and measures.

Under the normal conditions in every premium on currency solution, maximum 0.65 liter of ozone of solubilized, its quality is 1392 milligrams, because ozonization usage quantity, protecting special 0.045～0.45 mg/litre just has fine effect, Jing Ji Suan, and this ozone saturated solution is sterilized to container, it is just passable that per 1 liter capacity only need splash into 0.71 milliliter (containing 0.46 milligram), so be of great value.

2) can close vent valve (25), the space in the transparent container that is filled with water (13) does not just produce convection current, and air just can not enter from spillway (19) yet, and the air in the container is limited, and the ozone that just allows these air and make dissolves in the water or stays the space.Because the ozone concn in the water reaches every liter of about 1392 milligrams of just no longer dissolvings.The transformation period of ozone is 15minutes 30～minutes again, so container includes the higher water of ozone concn, as long as ozone stops to take place, concentration just drops to adaptable degree after a few hours.

6. control height with turning handle switch (28) by electromagnetic relay (8) and push back the break-make of bribing, this is a security device, prevents that operator from suffering high-voltage electric shock.

Bibliography

[general physics] (former Soviet Union) Fu Lisijimoliewa work Commercial Press

[general chemistry study course] (former Soviet Union) alunite carat rope husband work Commercial Press

The emerging Central South University of writing of [modern electrochemistry] Gong Zhuqing Wang Zhi goes out

Golden Shield press is write by [water and human body's health] Li Junjie Marvin's China

Press of [environmental protection and healthy novel material---Tourmaline] Yao Dingshan chief editor China Textile University

[the resource of water supply protection purifies with micropollutant water] Zhu Liang chief editor Chemical Industry Press and Environmental Science and Engineering press

Claims (5)

1. a thermal electron emission type anion water and ozonizer, its mainly by insulation outer container (40), thermionic electron emitter (22), positive plate (14), bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) and the timer (1) of the lid (21) of high and low pressure direct supply (33), electromagnetic relay (8), the transparent container that is filled with water (13), small power electric furnace (23), transparent water container, high and low pressure direct supply, varistor (2), the pilot lamp (30) that can glow, can green light pilot lamp (31), telegraph key (34), plug formations such as (35).

2. thermal electron emission type anion water according to claim 1 and ozonizer, it is characterized in that described thermionic electron emitter (22), be to be constituted by the potassium metal (36) that is placed between metal sheet (37) and the metal sheet (39), and the crack at edge seal with high temperature resistant closed material (38) between the metal sheet (37), (39).

3. thermal electron emission type anion water according to claim 1 and ozonizer, it is characterized in that positive plate (14) is arranged on the outside, bottom of the transparent container that is filled with water (13), thermionic electron emitter (22) is arranged on below the central authorities of lid (21) of transparent water container, and with the water surface isolation of having living space.

4. thermal electron emission type anion water according to claim 1 and ozonizer, it is characterized in that the center position in the transparent container that is filled with water (13), be provided with and be insulated material (the bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) of 15) Mi envelope, one end of bar-bell type insulated conductor (20) is close to the bottom of the transparent container that is filled with water (13), the other end is aimed at thermionic electron emitter (22), places under water (18) face.

5. thermal electron emission type anion water according to claim 1 and ozonizer is characterized in that thermionic electron emitter (22) and the earth (11) have the good ground wire of conductivity (12) to link.

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