CN103286121B - Two-dimensional inhomogeneous electric field experiment method used for electrokinetic restoration of polluted soil - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种使用电动修复污染土壤的二维非均匀电场实验装置的污染土壤电动修复方法，所述装置包括土样槽、气体测量装置、液体循环与测量装置、电极控制系统和数据采集系统。土样槽包括槽体、顶盖、底盖和螺栓；顶盖和底盖上设有中心螺母和位于该螺母周围并中心对称呈环形的多个其它螺母，上下螺母之间设有电极；顶盖均匀分布有多个探针；气体测量装置为刻度管；液体循环与测量装置包括连接管、总分流管、蠕动泵和液体测量装置；电极控制系统与电极相连；数据采集系统与探针相连。通过使用该装置及合适工艺参数，非常有利于污染物的去除、节约能耗且系统稳定性高，是具有试验价值和应用前景的一种方法。

The invention provides an electrodynamic restoration method for contaminated soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device for electrodynamic restoration of polluted soil. The device includes a soil sample tank, a gas measurement device, a liquid circulation and measurement device, an electrode control system and a data acquisition system . The soil sample tank includes a tank body, a top cover, a bottom cover and bolts; the top cover and the bottom cover are provided with a central nut and a plurality of other ring nuts which are located around the nut and are symmetrical in the center, and electrodes are arranged between the upper and lower nuts; There are multiple probes evenly distributed on the cover; the gas measuring device is a graduated tube; the liquid circulation and measuring device includes a connecting pipe, a total shunt pipe, a peristaltic pump and a liquid measuring device; the electrode control system is connected to the electrode; the data acquisition system is connected to the probe . By using the device and suitable process parameters, it is very beneficial to the removal of pollutants, saves energy consumption and has high system stability, and is a method with experimental value and application prospect.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种用于电动修复污染土壤的二维非均匀电场实验方法A two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental method for electrokinetic remediation of polluted soil

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种用于污染物净化和处理的方法，特别地涉及一种用于电动修复污染土壤的二维非均匀电场实验方法，属于环境保护和污染防治与治理领域。 The invention relates to a method for purifying and treating pollutants, in particular to a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental method for electrically repairing polluted soil, belonging to the fields of environmental protection and pollution prevention and treatment. the

背景技术Background technique

随着我国工业化进程的持续，以及农业生产中农药的大剂量、大范围、长期限的使用，从而积累了较为严重的土壤污染，例如，在重污染企业或工业密集区、工矿开采区及周边地区、城市和城郊地区出现了土壤重污染区和高风险区。与此同时，土壤污染的类型也呈现多样化、复杂化的趋势，例如，很多地区存在新老污染物并存、无机有机复合污染的严峻局面。 With the continuation of my country's industrialization process and the large-dose, large-scale, and long-term use of pesticides in agricultural production, relatively serious soil pollution has accumulated, for example, in heavily polluted enterprises or industrial-intensive areas, industrial and mining areas and surrounding areas Areas with heavy soil pollution and high-risk areas have emerged in regional, urban and suburban areas. At the same time, the types of soil pollution are also showing a trend of diversification and complexity. For example, in many areas, new and old pollutants coexist, and inorganic-organic compound pollution is severe. the

土壤污染对生态环境、饮用水源、农产品质量以及人体健康等都有着明显的威胁，有鉴于此，世界各国对于污染土壤的预防、治理、无害化处理等进行了大量的深入研究，力图找到快捷、低能耗、高费效比的污染土壤处理方法。而与西方发达国家相比，我国在土壤治理和修复方面才刚刚起步，对实用性强、简单有效的土壤污染修复技术和新型装置有着迫切的需求。 Soil pollution has obvious threats to the ecological environment, drinking water sources, agricultural product quality, and human health. In view of this, countries around the world have conducted a lot of in-depth research on the prevention, treatment, and harmless treatment of polluted soil, trying to find A quick, low-energy, cost-effective method for treating contaminated soil. Compared with developed countries in the West, my country has just started in soil treatment and remediation, and there is an urgent need for practical, simple and effective soil pollution remediation technologies and new devices. the

目前，传统污染土壤的修复技术主要有高级氧化法、稳定/固化技术、化学淋洗法、高温热解法、植物修复法、微生物修复法、气相抽提法等。但这些方法均存在诸多缺点，如高级氧化法容易对土壤的理化性质造成严重的不利影响；稳定/固化技术只是实现了重金属的稳定和固化，无法从根本上减少污染土壤中的重金属总量；化学淋洗法只对特定土壤和污染物有效，适用范围较小，且洗脱效率低；高温热解法的耗能较大，对土壤的理化性质也有不利影响；植物修复法虽然成本较低，操作简单，但效率过低，耗时过于漫长；微生物修复法的成本较高，修复周期长；土壤气相抽提法适用于高挥发性有机物如汽油、苯和四氯乙烯等污染土壤的修复，且除效率较低、周期较长。 At present, the remediation technologies of traditional contaminated soil mainly include advanced oxidation method, stabilization/solidification technology, chemical leaching method, high temperature pyrolysis method, phytoremediation method, microbial remediation method, gas phase extraction method, etc. However, these methods have many disadvantages. For example, the advanced oxidation method is likely to cause serious adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of the soil; the stabilization/solidification technology only achieves the stabilization and solidification of heavy metals, and cannot fundamentally reduce the total amount of heavy metals in polluted soil; The chemical leaching method is only effective for specific soils and pollutants, with a small scope of application and low elution efficiency; the high-temperature pyrolysis method consumes a lot of energy and has adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of the soil; although the phytoremediation method is relatively low in cost , the operation is simple, but the efficiency is too low and the time-consuming is too long; the cost of microbial remediation is high and the remediation period is long; the soil gas phase extraction method is suitable for the remediation of contaminated soil with high volatile organic compounds such as gasoline, benzene and tetrachlorethylene , and the removal efficiency is low and the cycle is long. the

凡此种种，导致了上述方法的应用范围和应用价值均受到了一定的限制，无法大范围推广。近些年来，污染土壤的电动修复法日益得 到重视，科学家对其进行了广泛深入的研究，研发出了多种电动修复方法和相应装置。 All of these have caused the application range and application value of the above method to be limited to a certain extent, and cannot be widely promoted. In recent years, the electrokinetic restoration method of polluted soil has been paid more and more attention. Scientists have conducted extensive and in-depth research on it, and developed a variety of electrokinetic restoration methods and corresponding devices. the

CN1695834A公开了一种重金属污染土壤的电动力学修复方法。所述方法采用离子交换膜将阴极与受试土样分隔开，并用多孔陶瓷置于离子交换膜和土壤之间防治离子交换膜堵塞，利用电极自身产生的H⁺和OH^-，并借助离子交换膜的阻隔作用，控制电动力学修复过程中土壤的pH值，加速污染物的溶出和迁移。 CN1695834A discloses an electrokinetic restoration method for heavy metal polluted soil. The method uses an ion-exchange membrane to separate the cathode from the soil sample to be tested, and uses^{porousceramics} between the ion-exchange membrane and the soil to prevent the blockage of the ion-exchange membrane. The barrier function of the exchange membrane controls the pH value of the soil during the electrokinetic remediation process and accelerates the dissolution and migration of pollutants.

CN201454977U公开了一种电动力吸附复合修复重金属污染土壤装置。所述装置包括采用石墨制成电极，电极包括阳极和阴极，阳极置于阳极区，阴极置于阴极区，由阳极区至阴极区，依次设置防止重金属离子扩散的隔板、吸附重金属的多孔吸附材料活性炭、需处理的重金属污染土壤、吸附重金属的多孔吸附材料活性炭和防止污染重金属离子扩散的隔板，为了防止阴极区域pH的上升和阳极区域pH的下降，而采用切换电极极性的方法。 CN201454977U discloses a kind of electrodynamic adsorption composite restoration heavy metal contaminated soil device. The device includes an electrode made of graphite. The electrode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode is placed in the anode area, and the cathode is placed in the cathode area. From the anode area to the cathode area, separators for preventing the diffusion of heavy metal ions and porous adsorption for absorbing heavy metals are arranged in sequence. Material activated carbon, heavy metal-contaminated soil to be treated, porous adsorbent activated carbon for adsorbing heavy metals, and separators to prevent the diffusion of polluted heavy metal ions. In order to prevent the pH increase of the cathode area and the decrease of the pH of the anode area, the method of switching electrode polarity is adopted. the

CN1899717B公开了一种电动力和铁可渗透反应格栅联合修复重金属污染土壤的工艺。所述工艺是在土壤两侧安装石墨电极，两电极和待处理土壤间安放铁墙，接通电源，在电场作用下将金属阴离子迁移到阳极附近，而金属阳离子迁移到阴极附近，当重金属穿过铁墙时与之发生反应而得以吸附、还原和沉淀。 CN1899717B discloses a process for joint restoration of heavy metal-contaminated soil by electrodynamic force and iron permeable reaction grid. The process is to install graphite electrodes on both sides of the soil, place an iron wall between the two electrodes and the soil to be treated, turn on the power, and under the action of an electric field, the metal anions migrate to the vicinity of the anode, and the metal cations migrate to the vicinity of the cathode. When passing through the iron wall, it reacts with it to be adsorbed, reduced and precipitated. the

CN202356398U公开了去除土壤中重金属和有机污染物的电动修复装置。所述装置包括电动修复柱、电极、电解池、电解液处理池、酸度计和直流电源，通过pH自动控制系统，保证了结果之间的可比性，提高了控制精确度，能提高污染土壤中污染物的去除效果。 CN202356398U discloses an electric restoration device for removing heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil. The device includes an electric repair column, an electrode, an electrolytic cell, an electrolyte treatment cell, an acidity meter and a DC power supply. The pH automatic control system ensures the comparability of the results, improves the control accuracy, and can improve the efficiency of the polluted soil. removal of pollutants. the

CN102500610A公开了一种电动力学联合滴灌修复重金属污染土壤的方法。所述方法是在污染土壤两端安装正负电极，并在正负电极和污染土壤之间放置吸附剂，在吸附剂附近土壤的上方设置滴灌装置，将电解液、缓冲液或络合剂等滴加到两侧土壤中，对电极进行周期性切换，从而将重金属通过电动迁移作用而被吸附剂所吸附，从而降低土壤中重金属的浓度。 CN102500610A discloses a method for repairing heavy metal-contaminated soil by electrokinetics combined with drip irrigation. The method is to install positive and negative electrodes at both ends of the polluted soil, place an adsorbent between the positive and negative electrodes and the polluted soil, set a drip irrigation device above the soil near the adsorbent, and pour electrolyte, buffer or complexing agent, etc. Add it dropwise to the soil on both sides, and periodically switch the electrodes, so that the heavy metals will be adsorbed by the adsorbent through electrokinetic migration, thereby reducing the concentration of heavy metals in the soil. the

CN102806228A公开一种污染土壤异位电动修复装置及方法。所述装置包括土壤承载系统、电极系统和电极工作液喷淋系统，在工作时，电极系统的上电极和下电极所带电荷相反。 CN102806228A discloses a device and method for ex-situ electric restoration of polluted soil. The device includes a soil bearing system, an electrode system and an electrode working fluid spraying system. During operation, the charges of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the electrode system are opposite. the

CN102896143A公开了一种电动表面活性剂联合修复污染土壤实验装置。所述装置包括装有污染土壤和非污染土壤的主体，在主体 内对应污染土壤的两侧部分竖直装有两个平行的电极室多孔挡板，两个多孔挡板与主体内侧表面形成两个电极室，在电极室内各装有电极，通过对电极施加电流，可以提高污染土壤的处理效果。 CN102896143A discloses an experimental device for combined restoration of polluted soil with electrokinetic surfactants. The device includes a main body equipped with polluted soil and non-polluted soil, and two parallel electrode chamber porous baffles are vertically installed on the two sides of the main body corresponding to the polluted soil, and the two porous baffles and the inner surface of the main body form two Each of the electrode chambers is equipped with electrodes, and the treatment effect of polluted soil can be improved by applying current to the electrodes. the

CN202667240U公开了一种基于高压静电的石油污染土壤修复装置。所述装置包括高压电源、高压静电土壤处理部分、高压静电吸尘部分、绝缘部分，所述高压静电土壤处理部分包括电极，通过在电极间加压而形成放电，可将污染土壤中的石油烃类加以分解，分解生成的有毒物质由高压静电吸尘部分所吸附。该装置主要用于石油生产及运输行业所造成的污染土壤的修复。 CN202667240U discloses a remediation device for oil-contaminated soil based on high-voltage static electricity. The device includes a high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage electrostatic soil treatment part, a high-voltage electrostatic dust collection part, and an insulating part. The high-voltage electrostatic soil treatment part includes electrodes, and the petroleum hydrocarbons in the polluted soil can be discharged by applying pressure between the electrodes to form a discharge. Classes are decomposed, and the toxic substances generated by the decomposition are adsorbed by the high-voltage electrostatic dust collection part. The device is mainly used for remediation of polluted soil caused by oil production and transportation industries. the

如上所述，虽然人们研发了多种电动修复装置和方法，但均存在一些缺点，例如：1.多使用板状材料做电极。2.正负电极分布在污染土壤的两侧而导致污染物呈直线移动，很可能进入土壤的封闭空隙而无法迁移到电极端。3.无法测量实验过程中的电渗析流和气体产生速率等重要参数。4.只能形成均匀稳定的均匀电场，无法自由切换正负电极或者切换繁琐，导致能耗高，且系统运行不稳定。 As mentioned above, although people have developed a variety of electrodynamic restoration devices and methods, they all have some disadvantages, for example: 1. Plate-shaped materials are often used as electrodes. 2. The positive and negative electrodes are distributed on both sides of the polluted soil, causing the pollutants to move in a straight line, and it is likely to enter the closed space of the soil and cannot migrate to the electrode end. 3. Unable to measure important parameters such as electrodialysis flow and gas generation rate during the experiment. 4. Only a uniform and stable uniform electric field can be formed, and the positive and negative electrodes cannot be switched freely or the switching is cumbersome, resulting in high energy consumption and unstable system operation. the

基于这些原因，目前在污染土壤治理领域，对于新型、效果良好、高去除效果的污染土壤修复装置和方法仍存有强烈需求，也是目前土壤修复领域的一个研究重点和热点。 For these reasons, in the field of contaminated soil treatment, there is still a strong demand for new, effective, and high-efficiency contaminated soil remediation devices and methods, which is also a research focus and hotspot in the field of soil remediation. the

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于上述技术的缺陷与不足，本发明人从实际应用出发，对电动修复污染土壤的装置进行了大量的深入研究，在付出了创造性劳动后，研发出一种电动修复污染土壤的装置和使用该装置的方法，该装置可在实验过程中持续向土壤中加入添加剂或增效剂，如络合剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、酸碱盐溶液、缓冲溶液、微生物等来促进污染物在土壤中的解吸附、降解或各种化学反应过程，更重要的是通过电极控制系统对排列的电极进行控制，从而产生了非均匀电场，可使得土壤中的污染物如重金属等发生非直线二维迁移，并且通过蠕动泵的使用能够中和各个电极的pH、降低能耗，同时方便测量实验过程中的电渗析流、气体、电压等重要参数，有助于分析电动力修复机理，具有良好的应用前景和价值，在各种指标上要优于目前所有的类似装置和方法。 In view of the defects and deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the inventors proceeded from practical applications, conducted a lot of in-depth research on the device for electric restoration of polluted soil, and after paying creative work, developed a device for electric restoration of polluted soil and the The method of the device, which can continuously add additives or synergists to the soil during the experiment, such as complexing agents, chelating agents, surfactants, acid-base salt solutions, buffer solutions, microorganisms, etc. to promote the accumulation of pollutants in the soil. The desorption, degradation or various chemical reaction processes in the soil, and more importantly, the electrode control system is used to control the arranged electrodes, thereby generating a non-uniform electric field, which can cause pollutants in the soil such as heavy metals to occur non-linear two-dimensional Migration, and the use of peristaltic pumps can neutralize the pH of each electrode and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, it is convenient to measure important parameters such as electrodialysis flow, gas, and voltage during the experiment, which is helpful for analyzing the mechanism of electrodynamic repair. It has a good The application prospect and value are superior to all current similar devices and methods in various indicators. the

为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述装置包括土样槽、气体测量装置、液体循环与测量装置、电极控制系统和数据采集系统； In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device, which is characterized in that: the device includes a soil sample tank, a gas measuring device, a liquid circulation and measuring device, an electrode control systems and data acquisition systems;

所述土样槽包括槽体、顶盖、底盖，以及用于固定槽体、顶盖、底盖的螺栓；所述顶盖和底盖的相对应位置上设有多个螺母，其中一个螺母位于中心位置，其余螺母位于该中心螺母的周围，并以所述中心螺母为对称中心而呈环形或规则分布；在相对应的所述上下螺母之间设置有电极，即中央电极和多个环状电极；所述顶盖上还均匀分布有伸入到所述土样槽内部的多个探针； Described soil sample tank comprises tank body, top cover, bottom cover, and is used for fixing the bolt of tank body, top cover, bottom cover; The corresponding position of described top cover and bottom cover is provided with a plurality of nuts, wherein one The nut is located at the center, and the rest of the nuts are located around the central nut, and are ring-shaped or regularly distributed with the central nut as the center of symmetry; electrodes are arranged between the corresponding upper and lower nuts, that is, the central electrode and a plurality of Ring electrode; The top cover is also evenly distributed with a plurality of probes extending into the inside of the soil sample tank;

所述气体测量装置为与各个电极上端相连的刻度管； The gas measuring device is a graduated tube connected to the upper end of each electrode;

所述液体循环与测量装置包括与中央电极下端相连的连接管、由与环状电极下端相连的分流管汇合而成的总分流管、与所述连接管和总分流管相连的蠕动泵、分别与连接管末端和总分流管末端相连的液体测量装置； The liquid circulation and measurement device includes a connecting pipe connected to the lower end of the central electrode, a total shunt pipe formed by merging the shunt pipes connected to the lower end of the ring electrode, a peristaltic pump connected to the connecting pipe and the main shunt pipe, respectively A liquid measuring device connected to the end of the connecting pipe and the end of the main branch pipe;

所述电极控制系统与各个电极相连； The electrode control system is connected to each electrode;

所述数据采集系统与各个探针相连； The data acquisition system is connected to each probe;

其中，在该方法中，采用如下(1)-(4)任一种的通电方式进行电动修复： Among them, in this method, any one of the following (1)-(4) energization methods is used for electric repair:

(1).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，定时改变电极极性，在切换至下一个连接前多次改变电极极性，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复； (1). With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, and change the polarity of the electrodes regularly on each connection. Before switching to the next connection, change the polarity of the electrode several times until a complete power-on is completed, and so on to complete the soil electric restoration;

(2).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电一定时间后，切换至下一个连接次序，完成一次完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复； (2). With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line. In each connection, the electrode polarity does not change from beginning to end. , after electrifying for a certain period of time, switch to the next connection sequence, after completing a complete electrification, change the polarity of the electrode for the next complete electrification, and repeat this to complete the soil electrodynamic restoration;

(3).以“A+mB”为循环单元的方式进行通电： (3). Power on with "A+mB" as the cycle unit:

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上，定时改变电极极性，在切换至下一个连接前多次改变电极极性，直至完成一次完整通电； B: Take the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in the same straight line clockwise or counterclockwise, and change the polarity of the electrodes regularly on each connection , change the electrode polarity several times before switching to the next connection, until a complete power-on is completed;

其中m为整数，且1≤m≤4； Where m is an integer, and 1≤m≤4;

(4).以“A+nC”为循环单元的方式进行通电： (4). Power on with "A+nC" as the cycle unit:

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进 行通电； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电一定时间后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电； C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After a certain period of time, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed;

其中n为整数，且2≤n≤4，以及完成一次C通电后切换至下一个C完整通电时，改变电极极性。 Wherein n is an integer, and 2≤n≤4, and when switching to the next complete energization of C after completing one C energization, change the electrode polarity. the

在本申请中，除非另有规定，“完整通电”的含义是指通电连接再次回到初始的中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极的位置时，也即完成一个圆周循环。 In this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "completely energized" means that when the energized connection returns to the position of the initial central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in the same straight line, that is, complete a circular loop. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述土样槽的槽体的三维形状并没有特别的限定，例如可为圆柱形、长方体形、正方体形等。其体积并没有特别的限定，可根据土壤处理量、实际操作情况而进行合适的选择。其材质也没有特别的限定，只要其具有一定强度、绝缘并能承受操作时的压力即可，非限定性地例如可为聚酯材料、钢化玻璃、PVC等。 In the experimental method of repairing contaminated soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the three-dimensional shape of the soil sample tank is not particularly limited, for example, it can be cylindrical, rectangular, square, etc. Its volume is not particularly limited, and can be properly selected according to the amount of soil treatment and actual operation conditions. Its material is not particularly limited, as long as it has a certain strength, insulation and can withstand the pressure during operation, non-limiting examples can be polyester materials, tempered glass, PVC and so on. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述顶盖和底盖分别位于所述槽体的上部和下部，并能完全覆盖所述槽体，从而与槽体构成一个密闭容积空间以装入待处理污染土壤。所述顶盖和底盖的材质并没有特别的限定，只要其具有一定强度、绝缘并能承受操作时的压力即可，非限定性地例如可为聚酯材料、钢化玻璃、PVC等。 In the experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the top cover and the bottom cover are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the tank body, and can completely cover the tank body, so as to be compatible with the tank body The body constitutes a closed volume space to contain the contaminated soil to be treated. The materials of the top cover and the bottom cover are not particularly limited, as long as they have certain strength, insulation and can bear the pressure during operation, non-limiting examples can be polyester materials, tempered glass, PVC and the like. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述槽体、顶盖和底盖通过螺栓而固定在一起，即在所述槽体、顶盖和底盖的叠合处，螺栓自上而下顺次穿过顶盖、槽体和底盖；或者所述顶盖和底盖大于槽体的水平截面面积，即顶盖和底盖的边缘伸出槽体之外，螺栓自上而下穿过顶盖和底盖的所伸出的边缘部分，从而将槽体紧紧“夹”住，实现这三者的固定。通过上述固定，可形成一个容纳待处理污染土壤的密闭空间。优选地，为了更好地进行密封，在所述顶盖和槽体之间，以及所述底盖和槽体之间设置有其密封作用的密封圈。非限定性地，所述密封圈材质可为任何的已知密封材料，如可为各种密封橡胶，非限定性地列举丁腈橡胶、氟橡胶、硅橡胶或丙烯酸酯橡胶等。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the tank body, top cover and bottom cover are fixed together by bolts, that is, in the tank body, top cover and bottom cover At the overlap, the bolts pass through the top cover, the tank body and the bottom cover sequentially from top to bottom; or the top cover and the bottom cover are larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the tank body, that is, the edges of the top cover and the bottom cover protrude from the tank body In addition, the bolts pass through the protruding edge parts of the top cover and the bottom cover from top to bottom, thereby "clamping" the tank body tightly to realize the fixing of the three. Through the above fixing, a closed space for containing the polluted soil to be treated can be formed. Preferably, for better sealing, sealing rings are provided between the top cover and the tank body, and between the bottom cover and the tank body. In a non-limiting manner, the material of the sealing ring can be any known sealing material, such as various sealing rubbers, non-limiting examples include nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silicon rubber or acrylic rubber. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验 方法中，所述顶盖和底盖在相对应位置上设有多个螺母，其中一个螺母位于所述顶盖和底盖的中心位置，其余螺母位于该中心螺母的周围，并以所述中心螺母为对称中心而呈环形分布。在顶盖和底盖的相对应上下螺母之间设置有电极，即上下两个中心位置处的为中央电极，其余螺母位置处的多个电极构成环状电极。 In the experimental method of using the two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention to restore contaminated soil, the top cover and the bottom cover are provided with a plurality of nuts at corresponding positions, and one of the nuts is located between the top cover and the bottom cover. center position, and the other nuts are located around the center nut and distributed in a ring with the center nut as the center of symmetry. Electrodes are arranged between the corresponding upper and lower nuts of the top cover and the bottom cover, that is, the upper and lower center positions are the central electrodes, and multiple electrodes at the rest of the nut positions form ring-shaped electrodes. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述环状电极的数量并没有特别的限定，可根据所述槽体水平切面的面积大小而进行合适的选择和/或确定，从而以中央电极的中心位置呈现分布均匀的对称排列，例如以到中央电极的距离计，所述环状电极可仅为一圈环绕中央电极，还可为多圈环绕中央电极，例如为2-4圈。此处的“圈”并非特指圆圈的形式，也包括了与土样槽边缘等距排列的形式。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the number of the annular electrodes is not particularly limited, and can be properly selected and selected according to the area of the horizontal section of the tank body. /or determined, so that the center position of the central electrode presents a uniformly distributed symmetrical arrangement, for example, in terms of the distance to the central electrode, the ring-shaped electrode can only surround the central electrode in one circle, or surround the central electrode in multiple circles, For example, 2-4 circles. The "circle" here does not specifically refer to the form of a circle, but also includes a form arranged equidistantly from the edge of the soil sample tank. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，作为一种优选的实施方式，所述电极(除非另有规定，当以“所述电极”、“各个电极”使用时，意指所述中央电极和环状电极，下同)均为中空形式。更优选地，为中空形式的所述电极在电极管壁上设置有小孔以供液体流入与流出，例如这些小孔可均匀分布，孔径可为0.5mm-5mm，例如可为0.5mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm或5mm。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the electrodes (unless otherwise specified, when used as "the electrodes" or "each electrode" , means that the central electrode and the ring electrode, the same below) are both hollow. More preferably, the hollow electrode is provided with small holes on the electrode tube wall for liquid inflow and outflow, for example, these small holes can be evenly distributed, and the aperture can be 0.5mm-5mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 1mm , 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm. the

在本发明的所述电动修复污染土壤的二维非均匀电场实验装置中，作为一种优选的实施方式，所述电极外周设有防漏装置，以防止土壤颗粒进入到中空电极中而影响电极的正常运作并流失。所述防漏装置并没有特别的限定，只要能够阻止土壤颗粒进入电极中即可，例如可为滤纸、滤布或滤网。 In the two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device for electrokinetic restoration of polluted soil in the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, an anti-leakage device is provided on the periphery of the electrode to prevent soil particles from entering the hollow electrode and affecting the electrode. normal operation and loss. The anti-leakage device is not particularly limited, as long as it can prevent soil particles from entering the electrode, such as filter paper, filter cloth or filter screen. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述顶盖上还均匀分布有伸入到所述土样槽内部的多个探针，简而言之，即在顶盖上开有均匀分布的小孔以插入探针，然后可拧紧探针实现固定。所述探针的长度为并没有特别的限定，只要其能够伸入到土壤中且不接触到底盖即可，例如其可以为电极长度的1/3-2/3。设置所述探针的目的在于测量待处理土壤的二维电压分布，从而完成数据采集，确定所施加的电压梯度等参数，为操作的顺利进行和结果测定等提供最直接的数据显示。所述探针的类型并没有特别的限定，只要其能够测量土壤中产生的电压即可，可为任何已知的电压探针。 In the experimental method of repairing contaminated soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, a plurality of probes extending into the soil sample tank are evenly distributed on the top cover, in short, that is Evenly distributed small holes are opened on the top cover to insert the probes, and then the probes can be tightened to fix them. The length of the probe is not particularly limited, as long as it can penetrate into the soil without touching the bottom cover, for example, it can be 1/3-2/3 of the electrode length. The purpose of setting the probe is to measure the two-dimensional voltage distribution of the soil to be treated, thereby completing data collection, determining parameters such as the applied voltage gradient, and providing the most direct data display for smooth operation and result determination. The type of the probe is not particularly limited, as long as it can measure the voltage generated in the soil, it can be any known voltage probe. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述气体测量装置是与各个电极上端相连的刻度管，该刻度管上部设置有可开启或封闭的开口，当封闭时，可通过液面的下降而确定气体的体积。当不测量气体体积时，则处于开启状态，保持液面处压强为环境压力。 In the experimental method of repairing contaminated soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the gas measuring device is a scale tube connected to the upper end of each electrode, and the upper part of the scale tube is provided with an opening that can be opened or closed. , the volume of the gas can be determined by the drop of the liquid level. When the gas volume is not measured, it is in the open state, and the pressure at the liquid surface is kept at ambient pressure. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述液体循环与测量装置包括与中央电极下端相连的连接管、由与环状电极下端相连的分流管汇合而成的总分流管、与所述连接管和总分流管相连的蠕动泵、与连接管末端和分流管末端相连的液体测量装置。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the liquid circulation and measurement device includes a connecting pipe connected to the lower end of the central electrode, and a shunt pipe connected to the lower end of the ring electrode. The main shunt pipe of the main shunt pipe, the peristaltic pump connected with the connecting pipe and the main shunt pipe, and the liquid measuring device connected with the end of the connecting pipe and the shunt pipe end. the

其中，所述连接管的一端与中央电极下端相连，另一端连接所述液体测量装置。所述分流管连接所有的环状电极下端，并汇合成一根总分流管。所述蠕动泵与连接管和总分流管相连，蠕动泵并没有特别的限定，只要其能够将液体测量装置中的液体进行循环回流即可，可使用任何已知的蠕动泵。通过使用蠕动泵并根据需要选择其蠕动方向，而可将来自阳极或阴极的液体分别回流到阴极或阳极中，从而可中和pH值，避免了因为pH值的过高或过低而导致的污染物在酸性/碱性条件下的沉淀。 Wherein, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the lower end of the central electrode, and the other end is connected to the liquid measuring device. The shunt pipe is connected to the lower ends of all the ring electrodes and merged into a main shunt pipe. The peristaltic pump is connected to the connecting pipe and the main distribution pipe. The peristaltic pump is not particularly limited as long as it can circulate and return the liquid in the liquid measuring device. Any known peristaltic pump can be used. By using a peristaltic pump and selecting its peristaltic direction according to needs, the liquid from the anode or cathode can be returned to the cathode or anode, respectively, so that the pH value can be neutralized, avoiding damage caused by too high or too low pH value Precipitation of pollutants under acidic/alkaline conditions. the

其中，所述连接管和总分流管的末端均连接一个三通管，所述三通管通过其中的一条通路将来自电极的液体流入到所述液体测量装置中，而另一条通路则与大气相通。 Wherein, the ends of the connecting pipe and the total shunt pipe are connected to a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipe flows the liquid from the electrode into the liquid measuring device through one of the passages, while the other passage is connected to the atmosphere. connected. the

其中，从电极中流出的液体可部分通过所述蠕动泵而回流至电极中，以实现pH值的中和，而剩余部分可进入液体测量装置排出，以达到去除污染物、修复土壤的目的，回流至电极的量可根据所中和的程度而进行合适的选择。 Among them, part of the liquid flowing out from the electrode can be returned to the electrode through the peristaltic pump to achieve neutralization of the pH value, and the remaining part can be discharged into the liquid measuring device to achieve the purpose of removing pollutants and repairing the soil. The amount of reflow to the electrode can be appropriately selected according to the degree of neutralization. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述电极控制系统与各个电极相连。通过所述电极控制系统，可控制和切换中央电极和所有环状电极的极性等，从而对土壤施加非均匀电场，实现控制污染物的移动过程和模式，便于研究污染物的迁移和去除机理，从而实现良好的测量和污染物去除。 In the experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the electrode control system is connected with each electrode. Through the electrode control system, the polarity of the central electrode and all ring electrodes can be controlled and switched, so as to apply a non-uniform electric field to the soil, realize the control of the movement process and mode of pollutants, and facilitate the study of the migration and removal mechanism of pollutants , resulting in good measurement and contaminant removal. the

其中，在该方法中，可采用上述通电方式(1)进行电动修复，优选地，方式(1)如下： Wherein, in this method, the above-mentioned energization method (1) can be used for electric repair, preferably, the method (1) is as follows:

(1).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，每个连接上的通 电时间为t小时，在每个连接上以通电时开始计，通电t1小时后改变电极极性，继续通电t2小时直至设定时间t，然后切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复。 (1). With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, and the power-on time of each connection is t hours. Start counting at the time of energization on each connection, change the polarity of the electrodes after energization for t1 hour, continue energization for t2 hours until the set time t, and then switch to the next energization connection until a complete energization is completed, and so on to complete the soil electrodynamics repair. the

其中，在该方法中，可采用上述通电方式(2)进行电动修复，优选地，所述通电方式(2)如下： Wherein, in this method, the above-mentioned energization method (2) can be used for electric repair, preferably, the energization method (2) is as follows:

(2).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上不改变电极极性，且通电时间达到t3小时后，切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，然后改变电极极性进行下一个每个通电连接时间为t4小时的完整通电，如此重复进行每个通电连接上通电时间为t3和t4的完整通电，直至完成土壤电动修复。 and After the energization time reaches t3 hours, switch to the next energization connection until a complete energization is completed, and then change the electrode polarity for the next complete energization with each energization connection time of t4 hours, and repeat this for each energization connection. Complete energization of t3 and t4 until completion of soil electroremediation. the

其中，在该方法中，可采用上述通电方式(3)进行电动修复，优选地，所述通电方式(3)如下： Wherein, in this method, the above-mentioned energization method (3) can be used for electric repair, preferably, the energization method (3) is as follows:

(3).以“A+mB”为循环单元的方式进行通电： (3). Power on with "A+mB" as the cycle unit:

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，每个连接上的通电时间为t小时，在每个连接上以通电开始时计，通电t1小时后改变电极极性，继续通电t2小时直至设定时间t，然后切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电； B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The energization time of each connection is t hours. When the connection is made, the timing starts with power-on, change the electrode polarity after power-on for t1 hour, continue power-on for t2 hours until the set time t, and then switch to the next power-on connection until a complete power-on is completed;

其中m为整数，且1≤m≤4；例如m可为1、2、3或4。 Wherein m is an integer, and 1≤m≤4; for example, m can be 1, 2, 3 or 4. the

其中，在该方法中，可采用上述通电方式(4)进行电动修复，优选地，所述通电方式(4)如下： Wherein, in this method, the above-mentioned energization method (4) can be used for electric repair, preferably, the energization method (4) is as follows:

(4).以“A+nC”为循环单元的方式进行通电： (4). Power on with "A+nC" as the cycle unit:

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上不改变电极极性，且通电时间达到t3小时后，切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，然后改变电极极性进行下一个每个通电连接时间为t4小时的完整通电，如此重复进行每个通电连接上通电时间为t3和t4的完整通电，直至完成土壤电动修复； C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and do not change the polarity of the electrodes on each connection, and the electrification time After reaching t3 hours, switch to the next energized connection until a complete energization is completed, and then change the polarity of the electrodes to perform the next complete energization for each energized connection with a time of t4 hours, and repeat this for each energized connection. The upper energized time is t3 and t4 complete electrification until completion of soil electric restoration;

其中n为整数，且2≤n≤4，以及完成一次C通电后切换至下一 个C完整通电时，改变电极极性；例如n可为2、3或4。 Wherein n is an integer, and 2≤n≤4, and when switching to the next C complete energization after completing one C energization, change the electrode polarity; for example, n can be 2, 3 or 4. the

针对上述方式(1)或方式B：其中的所述“t”为2-8小时，如2小时、3小时、4小时、5小时、6小时、7小时或8小时；“t1”为1-7.5小时，例如为1小时、2小时、3小时、4小时、5小时、6小时或7小时；“t2”为0.5-4小时，如0.5小时、1小时、1.5小时、2小时、2.5小时、3小时、3.5小时或4小时，条件是t1+t2=t。 For the above mode (1) or mode B: the "t" is 2-8 hours, such as 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours or 8 hours; "t1" is 1 -7.5 hours, such as 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours or 7 hours; "t2" is 0.5-4 hours, such as 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours or 4 hours, provided that t1+t2=t. the

针对上述方式(2)或方式C：所述“t3”为1-4小时，例如为1小时、2小时、3小时或4小时，期间不改变电极极性。通电时间达到设定值t3小时后，切换下一个连接次序，继续通电t3小时，直至完成一个完整通电，即在该完整通电期间，中央电极和两侧环状电极的极性始终不改变。直至完成一个完整的通电循环后，方进行电极切换，并开始下一个完整通电，在该“下一个完整通电”中，每个通电连接上的通电时间为t4小时，所述“t4”为0.5-1小时，例如可为0.5小时或1小时，完成一个完整通电后，再次进行每个通电连接为t3小时的完整通电，然后再进行每个通电连接为t4的完整通电，如此反复进行t3+t4的重复循环，直至完成土壤处理。 For the above mode (2) or mode C: the "t3" is 1-4 hours, such as 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours or 4 hours, during which the electrode polarity is not changed. After the energization time reaches the set value t3 hours, switch to the next connection sequence and continue energizing for t3 hours until a complete energization is completed, that is, during the complete energization period, the polarity of the central electrode and the ring electrodes on both sides remains unchanged. The electrodes are switched until a complete energization cycle is completed, and the next complete energization is started. In this "next complete energization", the energization time on each energization connection is t4 hours, and the "t4" is 0.5 -1 hour, for example, it can be 0.5 hours or 1 hour. After completing a complete power-on, perform a complete power-on for each power connection for t3 hours, and then perform a complete power-on for each power connection for t4, and repeat for t3+ The cycle of t4 is repeated until the soil treatment is completed. the

针对上述方式(3)：所述“A+mB”方式是指以“A+mB”作为循环单元进行通电，其含义是首先以方式A进行同时通电一定时间如4-12小时，然后以方式B进行通电，完成一次完整通电后，再次进行方式B通电，直至以方式B通电达到m次后，方再次以方式A进行通电，然后再次进行m次的方式B通电…如此循环往复，直至完成对土壤的电动污染处理。 For the above method (3): the "A+mB" method refers to using "A+mB" as the cycle unit to energize, and its meaning is to first carry out simultaneous energization for a certain period of time such as 4-12 hours in the method A, and then use the method A B is energized, and after a complete power-on is completed, the method B is energized again until the method B is energized for m times, and then the method A is energized again, and then the method B is energized again for m times... so on and on until it is completed Electrokinetic pollution treatment of soil. the

针对上述方式(4)：所述“A+nC”方式是指以“A+nC”作为循环单元进行通电，其含义是首先以方式A进行同时通电一定时间如4-12小时，然后以方式C进行通电，完成一次完整通电(即通电连接再次回到初始的中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极的位置时，也即完成一个圆周循环)后，再次进行方式C通电，直至以方式C通电达到n次后，方再次以方式A进行通电，然后再次进行n次的方式B通电…如此循环往复，直至完成对土壤的电动污染处理，其中每以方式C完成一次完整循环通电后，改变中央电极和环状电极的极性。 For the above method (4): the "A+nC" method refers to using "A+nC" as a cycle unit to energize, and its meaning is to first conduct simultaneous energization with method A for a certain period of time, such as 4-12 hours, and then use method A C is energized, and a complete energization is completed (that is, when the energized connection returns to the position of the initial central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, that is, a circular cycle is completed), and then proceed again. Mode C is energized until n times of power-on in mode C, then power-on in mode A again, and then power-on in mode B again for n times... This cycle goes on and on until the electrokinetic pollution treatment of the soil is completed, and each time in mode C After completing a full power cycle, reverse the polarity of the center and ring electrodes. the

更具体地，简而言之，上述方式(1)即为方式B的循环，上述方式(2)即为方式C的循环。 More specifically, in short, the above mode (1) is the cycle of mode B, and the above mode (2) is the cycle of mode C. the

以图4为例，对于上述(1)、(2)、B或C的通电方式，可采用图 中所示的逆时针“1-2-3-4”的通电连接次序，首先对连接次序“1”进行通电，然后切换至连接次序“2”，即对中央电极和以水平轴为基线分别为45°和225°的两个环状电极通电，然后再对连接次序“3”和“4”进行通电，从而完成一个完整循环，并随后进入下个“1-2-3-4”的通电循环；当然，也可采用顺时针“1-4-3-2”的通电顺序。该通电次序和定时切换包括上述提及的两种方式(1)或(2)。 Taking Figure 4 as an example, for the above-mentioned (1), (2), B or C power-on methods, the counterclockwise "1-2-3-4" power-on connection sequence shown in the figure can be used. First, the connection sequence "1" is energized, and then switched to the connection sequence "2", that is, the central electrode and the two ring electrodes that are 45° and 225° based on the horizontal axis are energized, and then the connection sequence "3" and " 4" to complete a complete cycle, and then enter the next "1-2-3-4" power-up cycle; of course, a clockwise "1-4-3-2" power-up sequence can also be used. The power-on sequence and timing switching include the above-mentioned two ways (1) or (2). the

以方式A为例：以中央电极为阴极，所有环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电4-12小时。 Take method A as an example: the central electrode is used as the cathode, and all the annular electrodes are used as the anode, and the anode and the cathode are simultaneously energized for 4-12 hours. the

以方式B为例：例如当通电连接次序为“1”时，即对中央电极和水平面上的两个环状电极进行通电，在通电连接上，总通电时间为t小时，t为2-8小时例如6小时，自开始通电时计，当通电t1小时例如4小时时，改变电极极性[即调换中央电极和环状电极的极性]，继续通电t2小时例如2小时，达到t1的总通电时间如6小时；然后将通电次序切换至下一个次序“2”，继续进行相同方式的通电时间和定时切换，以此类推，按照“1-2-3-4”的通电连接次序进行通电。当一直以此方式B进行循环通电时，即为优选方式(1)的通电方式。 Take method B as an example: for example, when the order of energization connection is "1", that is, energize the central electrode and the two ring electrodes on the horizontal plane. On the energization connection, the total energization time is t hours, and t is 2-8 Hours, such as 6 hours, from the start of energization, when energized for t1 hours, such as 4 hours, change the electrode polarity [that is, exchange the polarity of the central electrode and the ring electrode], continue to energize for t2 hours, such as 2 hours, to reach the total value of t1 The power-on time is like 6 hours; then switch the power-on sequence to the next sequence "2", continue to switch the power-on time and timing in the same way, and so on, power on according to the "1-2-3-4" power-on connection sequence . When cyclic energization is carried out in this mode B all the time, it is the energization mode of preferred mode (1). the

以方式C为例：所述通电时间为1-4小时，例如当通电连接次序为“1”时，即对中央电极和水平面上的两个环状电极进行通电，通电时间为t3小时如2小时，期间不改变电极极性。通电时间达到设定值后，切换至次序“2”，即对中央电极和以水平轴为基线分别为45°和225°的两个环状电极通电，继续通电t3小时如2小时。以此类推，按照“1-2-3-4”的通电连接次序进行通电，完成一个完整循环。然后进行电极切换，并进行下一个“1-2-3-4”的完整通电，在该下一个完整通电中，每个通电连接上的通电时间为t4小时如0.5或1小时，完成一个完整通电后，再次进行每个通电连接为t3小时的完整通电，然后再进行每个通电连接为t4的完整通电，如此反复进行t3+t4的重复循环，直至完成土壤处理。当以方式C进行循环通电时，即为优选方式(2)的通电方式。 Take method C as an example: the energization time is 1-4 hours, for example, when the energization connection sequence is "1", that is, the central electrode and the two ring electrodes on the horizontal plane are energized, and the energization time is t3 hours such as 2 hours without changing the electrode polarity. After the energization time reaches the set value, switch to the sequence "2", that is, energize the central electrode and the two ring electrodes whose baselines are 45° and 225° with the horizontal axis as the baseline, and continue to energize for t3 hours, such as 2 hours. By analogy, power on according to the "1-2-3-4" power-on connection sequence to complete a complete cycle. Electrode switching is then performed, and the next full energization of "1-2-3-4" is performed, in which the energization time on each energized connection is t4 hours, such as 0.5 or 1 hour, to complete a full After energization, complete energization for each energized connection for t3 hours is performed again, and then complete energized for each energized connection for t4, and the repeated cycle of t3+t4 is repeated until the soil treatment is completed. When cyclic energization is carried out in mode C, it is the energization mode of preferred mode (2). the

通过如此新颖的通电次序和电极切换，可有利地控制电极附近土壤pH值的急剧上升或下降，稳定了系统的性能，同时极大地提高了污染物的去除率和去除效率。 Through such a novel energization sequence and electrode switching, the sharp rise or fall of soil pH near the electrodes can be advantageously controlled, which stabilizes the performance of the system and greatly improves the removal rate and removal efficiency of pollutants. the

其中，为了所述电极控制系统的顺利运转，将其连接直流电源以得到不同电压梯度的电力来源。 Wherein, for the smooth operation of the electrode control system, it is connected to a DC power source to obtain power sources with different voltage gradients. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验 方法中，作为一种优选的实施方式，所述电极控制系统和中央电极之间设置有电流表，以显示所施加的电流数据，其通常为1mA-1000mA，例如可为1mA、5mA、10mA、50mA、100mA、200mA、300mA、400mA、500mA、600mA、700mA、800mA、900mA或1000mA。。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, an ammeter is arranged between the electrode control system and the central electrode to display the applied current data, It is typically 1mA-1000mA, for example may be 1mA, 5mA, 10mA, 50mA, 100mA, 200mA, 300mA, 400mA, 500mA, 600mA, 700mA, 800mA, 900mA or 1000mA. . the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，所述数据采集系统与各个探针相连。通过所述数据采集系统，可采集所有探针测量到的二维电压数据，从而为操作者选择和/或改变电压提供直接的数据资料，一般而言，在所有的通电方式中，所施加的电压应为使得土壤中的电压梯度为0.1V/cm-5V/cm，例如可为0.1V/cm、0.5V/cm、1V/cm、2V/cm、3V/cm、4V/cm或5V/cm。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, the data acquisition system is connected with each probe. Through the data acquisition system, the two-dimensional voltage data measured by all probes can be collected, so as to provide direct data for the operator to select and/or change the voltage. Generally speaking, in all power-on modes, the applied The voltage should be such that the voltage gradient in the soil is 0.1V/cm-5V/cm, for example it can be 0.1V/cm, 0.5V/cm, 1V/cm, 2V/cm, 3V/cm, 4V/cm or 5V/cm cm. the

在本发明的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法中，可在实验过程中持续向土壤中加入现有技术中已知的任何添加剂或增效剂，如络合剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、共溶剂、氧化/还原剂、酸碱盐溶液、缓冲溶液、微生物等中的一种或多种来促进污染物如重金属、有机污染物等在土壤中的解吸附、降解或各种化学反应过程。该加入可通过连接管和总分流管的末端，即三通口进行，并可根据污染物去除情况而随时补加。作为一种示例性例举，例如可加入柠檬酸、乙酸、乳酸、EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、NTA(氮川三乙酸)、DTPA(二乙基三胺五乙酸)、EGTA(乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸)、有机膦酸盐、环糊精类、乙醇、丁胺、次氯酸钠、双氧水、偏亚硫酸氢钠、碘盐、盐酸或其盐、硝酸或其盐、磷酸或其盐、硫酸或其盐、氢氧化钠、氨或铵盐、有机物降解菌或其菌群、各种有机废水等中的一种或多种的组合。 In the experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device of the present invention, any additive or synergist known in the prior art can be continuously added to the soil during the experiment, such as complexing agent, chelating agent, etc. One or more of mixtures, surfactants, co-solvents, oxidation/reduction agents, acid-base salt solutions, buffer solutions, microorganisms, etc. to promote the desorption and degradation of pollutants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, etc. in soil Or various chemical reaction processes. The addition can be done through the end of the connecting pipe and the main shunt pipe, that is, the three-way port, and can be added at any time according to the removal of pollutants. As an exemplary example, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), NTA (nitrotriacetic acid), DTPA (diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid), EGTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), EGTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), alcohol diethyl ether diamine tetraacetic acid), organic phosphonates, cyclodextrins, ethanol, butylamine, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, sodium metabisulfite, iodine salt, hydrochloric acid or its salts, nitric acid or its salts, phosphoric acid or its One or more of salt, sulfuric acid or its salt, sodium hydroxide, ammonia or ammonium salt, organic matter degrading bacteria or its flora, various organic wastewater, etc. the

该加入可手动进行，例如可手动加入所需要的添加剂或增效剂，但作为一种优选的实施方式，所述二维非均匀电场实验装置还包括液体加入装置，所述液体加入装置可实现所需添加剂或增效剂的加入，例如可为带有刻度的容器如移液管、滴定管等。 This addition can be done manually, for example, the required additives or synergists can be manually added, but as a preferred embodiment, the two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device also includes a liquid adding device, which can realize Addition of required additives or synergists can be done, for example, in graduated containers such as pipettes, burettes and the like. the

本发明方法的有益效果在于： The beneficial effects of the inventive method are:

1.利用设置方式新颖的中央电极和环状电极，而向土壤中施加非均匀电场，使污染物做非直线形二维迁移，防止了其进入封闭型孔隙中，并能更好地模拟实际修复状况，通过探针测定土壤中的二维电压分布，可方便地确定电压梯度分布。 1. Utilize the central electrode and ring electrode with a novel setting method to apply a non-uniform electric field to the soil to make the pollutants migrate in a non-linear two-dimensional manner, preventing them from entering the closed pores and better simulating the actual For repair status, the voltage gradient distribution can be easily determined by measuring the two-dimensional voltage distribution in the soil through the probe. the

2.利用蠕动泵将来自电极的液体进行回流，可以中和电极的酸 性/碱性，防止污染物在高pH值或低pH值下发生沉淀，更有利于污染物的去除。 2. Use the peristaltic pump to return the liquid from the electrode, which can neutralize the acidity/alkalinity of the electrode, prevent pollutants from precipitating at high or low pH values, and be more conducive to the removal of pollutants. the

3.尤其是通过电极控制系统可切换不同的电极极性，且因电极布置方式的创新性改变，强化污染物与土壤溶液的接触和反应，并中和电极附近的酸碱性，从而节约了能耗，维持系统稳定性。 3. Especially through the electrode control system, different electrode polarities can be switched, and due to the innovative change of electrode layout, the contact and reaction between pollutants and soil solution are strengthened, and the acidity and alkalinity near the electrodes are neutralized, thus saving energy consumption and maintain system stability. the

如上所述，本发明提供了一种新颖的、可去除土壤中污染物(如重金属或有机污染物)或向土壤中添加添加剂以增强污染物去除的电动修复装置，所述装置具有多种优异特点，非常适宜于污染土壤的修复处理。 As described above, the present invention provides a novel electrokinetic remediation device that can remove pollutants (such as heavy metals or organic pollutants) in soil or add additives to soil to enhance pollutant removal, the device has multiple excellent It is very suitable for the remediation of contaminated soil. the

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明的所述装置和方法，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，但显而易见地，下面描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得与其类似的改进型附图。 In order to illustrate the device and method of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, but obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, for Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain similar improved drawings based on these drawings without paying creative work. the

图1是本发明所述装置的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the device of the present invention. the

图2是本发明所述装置的为圆柱形土样槽的俯视图。 Fig. 2 is the top view of the cylindrical soil sample tank of the device of the present invention. the

图3是本发明所述装置的土样制备示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of soil sample preparation by the device of the present invention. the

图4是本发明所述装置的位于圆柱形土样槽中的电极控制次序示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control sequence of the electrodes located in the cylindrical soil sample tank of the device of the present invention. the

其中，各个数字编号和/或代号与本发明所述装置的元件/部件的对应关系如下： Wherein, the corresponding relationship between each digital number and/or code and the elements/parts of the device of the present invention is as follows:

1.槽体           2.顶盖          3.底盖 1.Tank body 2.Top cover 3. Bottom cover

4.中央电极       5.环状电极      6.探针 4. Central electrode 5. Ring electrode 6. Probe

7.密封圈         8.螺栓          9.液体测量装置 7.Seal ring 8.Bolt 9. Liquid measuring device

10.蠕动泵        11.气体测量装置 12.数据采集系统 10.Peristaltic pump 11.Gas measuring device 12. Data acquisition system

13.电极控制系统  14.直流电源     15.螺母 13.Electrode control system 14.DC power supply 15. Nut

16.分流管        17.连接管       18.固缩顶板 16. Distributingpipe 17. Connectingpipe 18. Pyrocondensation top plate

19.固缩槽        20.液体加入装置 19. Solid shrinkage tank 20. Liquid adding device

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如下参考附图，对本发明的所述装置和方法进行进一步地详细说明和/或阐述，但应该理解，这只是对本发明的装置及其操作方法做出的示例性描述，其意图是用来解释/阐述本发明的所述装置及其实施方式，而非用来限定和/或限制本发明，更非将本发明的保护范围局限于此。The device and method of the present invention will be further described and/or illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that this is only an exemplary description of the device and its operating method of the present invention, and its intention is to explain / To illustrate the device and its implementation of the present invention, but not to limit and/or limit the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention thereto.

参考图1，本发明的所述装置包括土样槽、气体测量装置11、液体循环与测量装置、电极控制系统13和数据采集系统12。其中，所述土样槽包括槽体1、顶盖2、底盖3，以及用于固定槽体1、顶盖2、底盖3的螺栓8，为了增强密封性能，在顶盖2与槽体1之间和底盖3与槽体1之间均设有密封圈7。 Referring to FIG. 1 , the device of the present invention includes a soil sample tank, agas measurement device 11 , a liquid circulation and measurement device, anelectrode control system 13 and adata acquisition system 12 . Wherein, the soil sample tank includes atank body 1, atop cover 2, abottom cover 3, andbolts 8 for fixing thetank body 1, atop cover 2, and abottom cover 3. In order to enhance the sealing performance, thetop cover 2 and the tank A sealing ring 7 is provided between thebodies 1 and between thebottom cover 3 and thetank body 1 . the

所述顶盖2和底盖3的相对应位置上设有多个螺母(未示出)，其中一个螺母位于中心位置，其余螺母位于该中心螺母的周围，并以所述中心螺母为对称中心而呈环形分布。相对应的所述上下螺母之间设有电极，即中央电极4和多个环状电极5，电极为中空形式，且电极管壁上设有均匀分布的多个小孔，电极安装时在其周围设有防漏装置(未示出)，例如滤纸、滤布或滤网等。顶盖2上还均匀分布有伸入到所述土样槽内部的多个探针6。 The corresponding positions of thetop cover 2 and thebottom cover 3 are provided with a plurality of nuts (not shown), one of which is located at the center, and the rest of the nuts are located around the center nut, with the center nut as the center of symmetry in a circular distribution. Electrodes are arranged between the corresponding upper and lower nuts, namely thecentral electrode 4 and a plurality of annular electrodes 5. The electrodes are hollow, and the electrode tube wall is provided with a plurality of small holes evenly distributed. A leak-proof device (not shown), such as filter paper, filter cloth or filter screen, is provided around. A plurality of probes 6 protruding into the soil sample tank are evenly distributed on thetop cover 2 . the

所述气体测量装置11为与电极上端相连的刻度管。 Thegas measuring device 11 is a graduated tube connected to the upper end of the electrode. the

所述液体循环与测量装置包括与中央电极4下端相连的连接管17、与环状电极5下端相连的分流管16、位于连接管之间的蠕动泵10、与连接管17的末端和分流管16的末端相连的液体测量装置。 The liquid circulation and measurement device includes a connectingpipe 17 connected to the lower end of thecentral electrode 4, ashunt pipe 16 connected to the lower end of the ring electrode 5, aperistaltic pump 10 located between the connecting pipes, the end of the connectingpipe 17 and the shunt pipe The liquid measuring device that the end of 16 is connected. the

所述电极控制系统13与各个电极相连，并由直流电源14供电运行。在所述电极控制系统13和中央电极4之间设置有电流表，从而可检测土壤中的电流大小。 Theelectrode control system 13 is connected with each electrode, and is powered by aDC power supply 14 for operation. An ammeter is arranged between theelectrode control system 13 and thecentral electrode 4, so that the magnitude of the current in the soil can be detected. the

所述数据采集系统12与各个探针6相连，从而可实时检测土壤中的电压分布梯度。 Thedata acquisition system 12 is connected with each probe 6, so that the voltage distribution gradient in the soil can be detected in real time. the

本发明的所述装置还可包括液体加入装置20，其可将添加剂、增效剂或微生物等加入到连接管或总分流管末端的三通中，从而通过电极4和5及蠕动泵的回流而进入到土壤中，在非均匀电场作用下实现污染物的高效去除。 The device of the present invention can also include a liquid adding device 20, which can add additives, synergists or microorganisms, etc. And into the soil, the efficient removal of pollutants is achieved under the action of a non-uniform electric field. the

参考图2，该图为本发明所述装置的土样槽的俯视图。所述槽体水平切面为圆形，其上为顶盖，并通过多个螺栓8进行固定。中心位置为中央电极4，围绕该中心位置而对称分布有多个环状电极5，顶盖上插有多个均匀分布的探针6。为了增强密封性能，在顶盖和槽体之间设置有密封圈7。 With reference to Fig. 2, this figure is the top view of the soil sample tank of the device of the present invention. The horizontal section of the tank body is circular, on which is a top cover, and is fixed by a plurality ofbolts 8 . The central position is thecentral electrode 4, and a plurality of annular electrodes 5 are symmetrically distributed around the central position, and a plurality of evenly distributed probes 6 are inserted on the top cover. In order to enhance the sealing performance, a sealing ring 7 is arranged between the top cover and the tank body. the

参考图3，该图是本发明所述装置的土样制备示意图。当制备污 染土壤的土样时，将土样槽倒置，所述顶盖2作为土样制备时的底板，将所有电极的螺母拧松，并将探针6拧开。在槽体1的上方放置与槽体内径相同的固缩槽19，固缩槽19上方放置比所述固缩槽19内径略小的固缩板18，例如比所述固缩槽19内径小1-5mm，从而可紧密地进入到所述固缩槽19内部中，并压紧所倒入的污染泥浆，所述固缩板18上具有多个小孔以排出供压紧时溢出的水。 Referring to Fig. 3, this figure is a schematic diagram of soil sample preparation by the device of the present invention. When preparing the soil sample of polluted soil, the soil sample tank is inverted, and thetop cover 2 is used as the bottom plate when the soil sample is prepared, and the nuts of all electrodes are unscrewed, and the probe 6 is unscrewed. Place ashrinkage tank 19 with the same inner diameter as the tank body above thetank body 1, and place ashrinkage plate 18 with a slightly smaller inner diameter than theshrinkage tank 19 above theshrinkage tank 19, such as smaller than the inner diameter of theshrinkage tank 19. 1-5mm, so that it can tightly enter the inside of theshrinkage tank 19 and compact the poured polluted mud. Theshrinkage plate 18 has a plurality of small holes to discharge the water overflowing during compaction. . the

在土样制备时，将泥浆缓慢倒入到所述槽体1中，混合均匀，然后在泥浆上面铺设滤网或滤布，然后放置固缩板17，施加外力向下按压固缩板17，从而对泥浆进行固结压缩。在压缩过程中，泥浆中的水可从电极孔隙、探针孔处的缝隙以及固缩板18上的小孔上流出。 When the soil sample is prepared, the mud is slowly poured into thetank 1, mixed evenly, and then a filter screen or filter cloth is laid on the mud, and then thesolidification plate 17 is placed, and an external force is applied to press thesolidification plate 17 downward, Thus, the mud is consolidated and compressed. During the compression process, the water in the mud can flow out from the pores of the electrodes, the gaps at the probe holes and the small holes on thesolidification plate 18 . the

当压缩结束，完成固结后，取走固缩槽19和固缩板18，并除去所放置的滤网或滤布，以及根据土样槽的容积而合适地去除多余的土壤(当不多余时，则无须除去)。然后放上所述底盖3，拧紧螺栓8和探针6，并拧紧电极的螺母。然后将土样槽翻转，从而完成了土样制备。 When the compression ends, after finishing the consolidation, take away thesolidification tank 19 and thesolidification plate 18, and remove the placed filter screen or filter cloth, and properly remove excess soil according to the volume of the soil sample tank (when not redundant , it does not need to be removed). Then put on thebottom cover 3, tighten thebolt 8 and the probe 6, and tighten the nut of the electrode. Then the soil sample tank is turned over to complete the soil sample preparation. the

参考图4，该图是本发明所述装置的电极控制次序示意图。该图示例性地给出了一种如上述方式(1)或(2)或B或C的电极控制次序，通过电极控制系统的控制，可实现对中央电极和环状电极的定时通电与断电，以及极性上的转换。例如，可采用图中所示的逆时针“1-2-3-4”的通电连接次序，也可采用顺时针“1-4-3-2”的通电顺序。通过该通电连接次序及电极极性控制方式，便可对污染土壤施加非均匀电场，非常有利于污染物的脱除，并能节约能量消耗。 Referring to FIG. 4 , this figure is a schematic diagram of the electrode control sequence of the device of the present invention. This figure exemplarily shows an electrode control sequence such as the above-mentioned mode (1) or (2) or B or C. Through the control of the electrode control system, the timing power on and off of the central electrode and the ring electrode can be realized. electricity, and a switch in polarity. For example, the counterclockwise "1-2-3-4" power connection sequence shown in the figure can be used, and the clockwise "1-4-3-2" power connection sequence can also be used. Through the electrical connection sequence and the electrode polarity control method, a non-uniform electric field can be applied to the polluted soil, which is very beneficial to the removal of pollutants and can save energy consumption. the

下面结合具体实例对本发明作进一步说明，但应该理解，这些实施例仅用于例举之用，而绝非用来限制和意图限制本发明的应用范围和实施方式，更非将本发明的保护范围局限于此。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but it should be understood that these examples are used for illustration purposes only, and are not used to limit and intend to limit the scope of application and implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to protect the present invention. The scope is limited to this. the

实施例1：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 1: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

参考图3的土样制备方法，制备了Cd含量为300mg/kg的测试土样，所述土样槽尺寸为14cm(长)×14cm(宽)×5cm(高)，其中在为横截面的正方形的内切圆之中心处为中央电极，外围规则排列一圈环状电极，这些环状电极以中央电极为对称中心而均匀排列，且与土样槽边缘距离为1cm。 With reference to the soil sample preparation method of Fig. 3, prepared the test soil sample that Cd content is 300mg/kg, and described soil sample groove size is 14cm (long) * 14cm (wide) * 5cm (high), wherein is the cross section The center of the inscribed circle of the square is the central electrode, and a circle of ring-shaped electrodes is regularly arranged on the periphery. These ring-shaped electrodes are evenly arranged with the central electrode as the symmetrical center, and the distance from the edge of the soil sample tank is 1cm. the

所述电极为中空的形式，并在电极管壁上设置有孔径为3mm的小孔。所述电极外周设有滤布，以防止土壤进入到中空电极中。所述土样槽的顶盖与槽体之间、底盖与槽体之间均设有丁腈橡胶密封圈， 以保持良好的密封性能，为了测量不同位置处的电压来确定电压梯度，所述土样槽的顶盖上插有多根探针，其长度为2/3。 The electrode is hollow, and small holes with a diameter of 3 mm are provided on the electrode tube wall. A filter cloth is arranged around the electrode to prevent soil from entering the hollow electrode. Nitrile rubber sealing rings are arranged between the top cover and the tank body and between the bottom cover and the tank body of the soil sample tank to maintain good sealing performance. In order to measure the voltage at different positions to determine the voltage gradient, the A plurality of probes are inserted on the top cover of the soil sample tank, and its length is 2/3. the

以如下方式“A+B”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+B":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电4小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 4 hours at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电2小时，通电期间每1小时改变一次电极极性，即在切换至下一个连接前改变电极极性2次，直至完成一次完整通电。 B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in a counterclockwise direction. Each connection is energized for 2 hours, and every 1 hour during the energization period Change electrode polarity once, that is,change electrode polarity 2 times before switching to the next connection, until a full pass is completed. the

完成一个“A+B”后，再次进行下一个“A+B”…直至完成整个土壤通电修复处理。 After completing an "A+B", proceed to the next "A+B" again...until the entire soil electrification treatment is completed. the

该电动修复处理共通电处理510小时，其中0-160小时的通电电压为24V、160-190小时的通电电压为20V、190-204小时的通电电压为15V、204-260小时的通电电压为12V、260-510小时的通电电压为24V。其中虽然这些通电时间存在着重合的端点值，但并不影响技术方案的顺利实施和正常理解，例如以160小时为例，当通电开始至恰好到达160小时的期间通电电压为24V，而达到160小时时，立即改变电压为20V。其余重合端点值具有相同含义。 The electrical repair treatment has a total of 510 hours of electrical treatment, of which the energizing voltage for 0-160 hours is 24V, the energizing voltage for 160-190 hours is 20V, the energizing voltage for 190-204 hours is 15V, and the energizing voltage for 204-260 hours is 12V , 260-510 hours of power-on voltage is 24V. Although these power-on times have coincident endpoint values, they do not affect the smooth implementation and normal understanding of the technical solution. For example, taking 160 hours as an example, the power-on voltage is 24V during the period from the start of power-on to exactly 160 hours, and reaches 160 hours. Hours, immediately change the voltage to 20V. The remaining coincident endpoint values have the same meaning. the

在通电过程中，通过液体加入装置，在总分流管末端的三通口向环状电极中加入柠檬酸和乙酸的混合水溶液，其中柠檬酸浓度为3g/L和乙酸浓度为5.5g/L，通过连接管末端的三通口向中央电极中加入柠檬酸和乙酸的混合水溶液，其中柠檬酸浓度为3g/L和乙酸浓度为6.1g/L，这两种混合水溶液的的pH为2.0。当正常运行时，通过蠕动泵而中和阳极和阴极的pH值，使之保持在3-5之间，以使得不在阳极或阴极附近产生重金属沉淀，同时，通过将剩余的电极流出液体进入液体测量装置排出，以达到去除Cd离子修复土壤的目的。 During the electrification process, through the liquid adding device, add the mixed aqueous solution of citric acid and acetic acid to the ring electrode at the three-way port at the end of the total shunt pipe, wherein the concentration of citric acid is 3g/L and the concentration of acetic acid is 5.5g/L, Add a mixed aqueous solution of citric acid and acetic acid to the central electrode through the tee port at the end of the connecting tube, wherein the concentration of citric acid is 3g/L and the concentration of acetic acid is 6.1g/L, and the pH of these two mixed aqueous solutions is 2.0. During normal operation, the pH value of the anode and cathode is neutralized by a peristaltic pump to keep it between 3-5, so that no heavy metal precipitation occurs near the anode or cathode, and at the same time, the remaining electrodes are passed out of the liquid into the liquid The measuring device is discharged to achieve the purpose of removing Cd ions and repairing the soil. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至10mg/kg，脱除率为96.67%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration was reduced from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 10mg/kg, and the removal rate was 96.67%. the

实施例2：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 2: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除以如下方式通电外，以与实施例1的相同而实施了实施例2。 Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for energizing in the following manner. the

以如下方式“A+2B”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+2B":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电12小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 12 hours at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条 直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电1.5小时，通电期间每0.5小时改变一次电极极性，即在切换至下一个连接前改变电极极性3次，直至完成一次完整通电。 B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides of the same line in a counterclockwise direction. Each connection is energized for 1.5 hours, and every 0.5 hours during the energization period Change electrode polarity once, i.e.change electrode polarity 3 times until a full pass is complete before switching to the next connection. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至12.5mg/kg，脱除率为95.83%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration was reduced from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 12.5mg/kg, and the removal rate was 95.83%. the

实施例3：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 3: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除以如下方式通电外，以与实施例1的相同而实施了实施例3。 Example 3 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for energizing in the following manner. the

以如下方式“A+4B”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+4B":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电12小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 12 hours at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电1小时，通电期间每0.5小时改变一次电极极性，即在切换至下一个连接前改变电极极性2次，直至完成一次完整通电。 B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in a counterclockwise direction. Each connection is energized for 1 hour, and every 0.5 hours during the energization period Change electrode polarity once, that is,change electrode polarity 2 times before switching to the next connection, until a full pass is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至13mg/kg，脱除率为95.67%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration was reduced from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 13mg/kg, and the removal rate was 95.67%. the

实施例4：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 4: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例1的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this embodiment was carried out in the same manner as that ofEmbodiment 1 except that the following power-on method was followed. the

以如下方式“A+2C”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+2C":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电4小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 4 hours at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电1小时后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电。 C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After 1 hour, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至20.1mg/kg，脱除率为93.33%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration was reduced from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 20.1mg/kg, and the removal rate was 93.33%. the

实施例5：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 5: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例1的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this embodiment was carried out in the same manner as that ofEmbodiment 1 except that the following power-on method was followed. the

以如下方式“A+3C”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+3C":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电8小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 8 hours at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电3小时后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电。 C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After 3 hours, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至22.9mg/kg，脱除率为92.37%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration decreased from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 22.9mg/kg, and the removal rate was 92.37%. the

实施例6：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 6: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例1的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this embodiment was carried out in the same manner as that ofEmbodiment 1 except that the following power-on method was followed. the

以如下方式“A+4C”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+4C":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电12小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 12 hours at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电4小时后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电。 C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After 4 hours, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至21.4mg/kg，脱除率为92.87%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration decreased from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 21.4mg/kg, and the removal rate was 92.87%. the

实施例7-9：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 7-9: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除分别按照如下的通电方式外，分别以与实施例1的相同方式而实施里实施例7-9。 Embodiments 7-9 were implemented in the same manner as inEmbodiment 1, except that the following energization methods were used. the

以如下方式(1)进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way (1):

实施例7的通电方式(1)：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电2小时，通电期间先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极通电1.5小时，然后改变一次电极极性通电0.5小时，即以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极通电。切换至下一个连接以同样的方式进行通电2小时，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复循环，直至完成土壤处理。 The energization method (1) of embodiment 7: with the central electrode as the center of the circle, the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the same straight line are sequentially connected and energized in the counterclockwise direction, and energized on each connection For 2 hours, during the power-on period, the central electrode is used as the cathode and the ring electrode is used as the anode for 1.5 hours, and then the polarity of the electrodes is changed for 0.5 hours, that is, the central electrode is used as the cathode and the ring electrode is used as the anode. Switch to the next connection and carry out energization in the same way for 2 hours until a complete energization is completed, and the cycle is repeated until the soil treatment is completed. the

实施例8的通电方式(1)：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连 接通电，在每个连接上通电4小时，通电期间先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极通电3小时，然后改变一次电极极性通电1小时，即以中央电极为阳极，环状电极为阴极通电。切换至下一个连接以同样的方式进行通电4小时，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复循环，直至完成土壤处理。 The energization method (1) of embodiment 8: with the central electrode as the center of the circle, the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the same straight line are sequentially connected in a counterclockwise direction. Power on for 4 hours. During the power-on period, the central electrode is used as the cathode, and the ring electrode is used as the anode for 3 hours. Then, the polarity of the electrodes is changed for 1 hour, that is, the central electrode is used as the anode, and the ring electrode is used as the cathode. Switch to the next connection and carry out energization in the same way for 4 hours until a complete energization is completed, and the cycle is repeated until the soil treatment is completed. the

实施例9的通电方式(1)：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电8小时，通电期间先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极通电6小时，然后改变一次电极极性通电2小时，即以中央电极为阳极，环状电极为阴极通电。切换至下一个连接以同样的方式进行通电8小时，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复循环，直至完成土壤处理。 The energization method (1) of Embodiment 9: with the central electrode as the center of the circle, the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed annular electrodes on both sides of the same straight line are sequentially connected and energized in a counterclockwise direction, and energized on eachconnection 8 hours, during the power-on period, the central electrode is used as the cathode, and the ring electrode is used as the anode for 6 hours, and then the electrode polarity is changed for 2 hours, that is, the central electrode is used as the anode, and the ring electrode is used as the cathode. Switch to the next connection and carry out energization in the same way for 8 hours until a complete energization is completed, and the cycle is repeated until the soil treatment is completed. the

当运行完毕后，分别测量实施例7-9土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现Cd脱除率为90.1%-91.4%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil samples of Examples 7-9 was measured respectively, and it was found that the Cd removal rate was 90.1%-91.4%. the

实施例10-12：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Embodiment 10-12: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

除分别按照如下的通电方式外，分别以与实施例1的相同方式而实施里实施例10-12。 Embodiments 10-12 were implemented in the same manner as inEmbodiment 1, except that the following energization methods were used. the

以如下方式(2)进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way (2):

实施例10的通电方式(2)：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接。先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极在每个连接上通电1小时，自始至终不改变电极极性，达到1小时后切换至下一个连接次序，完成一个完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一个完整通电循环，即以中央电极为阳极，环状电极为阴极在每个连接上通电0.5小时。如此循环往复，直至达到510小时的通电总时间，完成最终的土壤电动修复处理。 The energization method (2) of Embodiment 10: take the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line with it. First use the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode to energize each connection for 1 hour without changing the polarity of the electrodes. After 1 hour, switch to the next connection sequence. After completing a complete energization, change the polarity of the electrodes. The next full energization cycle, ie with the central electrode as the anode and the ring electrodes as the cathode, was energized on each connection for 0.5 hours. This cycle goes on and on until the total power-on time reaches 510 hours, and the final soil electro-remediation treatment is completed. the

实施例11的通电方式(2)：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接。先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极在每个连接上通电2.5小时，自始至终不改变电极极性，达到2.5小时后切换至下一个连接次序，完成一个完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一个完整通电循环，即以中央电极为阳极，环状电极为阴极在每个连接上通电0.5小时。如此循环往复，直至达到510小时的通电总时间，完成最终的土壤电动修复处理。 The electrification mode (2) of embodiment 11: take the central electrode as the center of the circle, and connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line. First use the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode to energize each connection for 2.5 hours without changing the polarity of the electrodes. After 2.5 hours, switch to the next connection sequence. After completing a complete energization, change the polarity of the electrodes. The next full energization cycle, ie with the central electrode as the anode and the ring electrodes as the cathode, was energized on each connection for 0.5 hours. This cycle goes on and on until the total power-on time reaches 510 hours, and the final soil electro-remediation treatment is completed. the

实施例12的通电方式(2)：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接。先以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极在每个连接上通电4小时，自始至终不改变电极极性，达到4小时后切换至下一个连接次序，完成一个完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一个完整通电循环，即以中央电极为阳极，环状电极为阴极在每个连接上通电1小时。如此循环往复，直至达到510小时的通电总时间，完成最终的土壤电动修复处理。 The energization method (2) of Embodiment 12: take the central electrode as the center of the circle, and connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line. First use the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode to energize each connection for 4 hours without changing the polarity of the electrodes. After 4 hours, switch to the next connection sequence. After completing a complete energization, change the polarity of the electrodes. The next full energization cycle, ie with the central electrode as the anode and the ring electrodes as the cathode, was energized on each connection for 1 hour. This cycle goes on and on until the total power-on time reaches 510 hours, and the final soil electro-remediation treatment is completed. the

当运行完毕后，分别测量实施例10-12土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现Cd脱除率为90.1%-91.2%。 After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil samples of Examples 10-12 was measured respectively, and it was found that the Cd removal rate was 90.1%-91.2%. the

实施例13：对于重金属Zn的脱除测试 Embodiment 13: For the removal test of heavy metal Zn

除将重金属替换为Zn离子外，以与实施例1同样的方法进行测试。 Except that the heavy metal was replaced by Zn ions, the test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Zn离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的300mg/kg降低至12mg/kg，脱除率为96.00%。 After the operation is completed, the average Zn ion content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 300mg/kg at the beginning to 12mg/kg, and the removal rate is 96.00%. the

实施例14：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Embodiment 14: For the degradation test of petroleum

参考图3的土样制备方法，使用实施例1的相同装置，制备了石油含量为50g/kg的测试土样。 Referring to the soil sample preparation method in FIG. 3 , using the same device as in Example 1, a test soil sample with a petroleum content of 50 g/kg was prepared. the

以如下“A+2B”方式进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following "A+2B" way:

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电4小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 4 hours at the same time;

B：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电2小时，通电期间每0.5小时改变一次电极极性，即在切换至下一个连接前改变电极极性4次，直至完成一次完整通电。 B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in a counterclockwise direction. Each connection is energized for 2 hours, and every 0.5 hours during the energization period Change electrode polarity once, i.e.change electrode polarity 4 times until a full pass is complete before switching to the next connection. the

完成一个“A+B”后，再次进行下一个“A+B”…直至完成整个土壤通电修复处理。其中通电电压为24V，共通电900小时。 After completing an "A+B", proceed to the next "A+B" again...until the entire soil electrification treatment is completed. Among them, the power-on voltage is 24V, and the total power-on time is 900 hours. the

通电过程中，分别通过总分流管和连接管末端的三通口向环状电极中加入石油降解菌群和公知的任何营养溶液，例如该营养溶液可为NH₄NO₃和KH₂PO₄的混合水溶液，两者的浓度均为0.1mol/L，该混合物的pH为7.0，当正常运行时，通过蠕动泵而中和阳极和阴极的pH值，使之控制在6-7之间。 During the electrification process, add oil-degrading bacteria and any known nutrient solution to the ring electrode through the three-way port at the end of the total shunt tube and the connecting tube, for example, the nutrient solution can be NH₄ NO₃ and KH₂ PO₄ Mix the aqueous solution, the concentration of both is 0.1mol/L, the pH of the mixture is 7.0, when the peristaltic pump is used to neutralize the pH value of the anode and cathode, so that it is controlled between 6-7.

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始 时的50g/kg降低至17g/kg，脱除率为66.70%。 After running, the average oil content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration was reduced to 17g/kg from 50g/kg at the beginning, and the removal rate was 66.70%. the

实施例15：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Embodiment 15: For the degradation test of petroleum

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例14的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this example was carried out in the same manner as that of Example 14, except that the power-on method was as follows. the

以如下方式“A+2C”进行循环通电： Cycle power in the following way "A+2C":

A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电4小时； A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized for 4 hours at the same time;

C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电1小时后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电。 C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After 1 hour, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始时的50g/kg降低至14g/kg，脱除率为72.00%。 When the operation is finished, the average oil content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 50g/kg at the beginning to 14g/kg, and the removal rate is 72.00%. the

实施例16：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Embodiment 16: For the degradation test of petroleum

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例14的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this example was carried out in the same manner as that of Example 14, except that the power-on method was as follows. the

按照方式(1)进行通电：以中央电极为圆心，逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上通电2小时，通电期间每0.5小时改变一次电极极性，即在切换至下一个连接前改变电极极性4次，直至完成一次完整通电。如此循环往复，直至达到900小时的通电总时间，完成最终的土壤电动修复处理。 Carry out electricity according to method (1): take the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in the same straight line in a counterclockwise direction, and energize each connection for 2 hours , change the electrode polarity every 0.5 hours during the energization period, that is, change theelectrode polarity 4 times before switching to the next connection, until a complete energization is completed. This cycle goes on and on until the total power-on time reaches 900 hours, and the final soil electro-remediation treatment is completed. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始时的50g/kg降低至15g/kg，脱除率为70.00%。 When the operation is finished, the average oil content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 50g/kg at the beginning to 15g/kg, and the removal rate is 70.00%. the

实施例17：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Embodiment 17: For the degradation test of petroleum

除按照如下的通电方式外，以与实施例14的相同方式进行了本实施例操作。 The operation of this example was carried out in the same manner as that of Example 14, except that the power-on method was as follows. the

按照方式(2)进行通电：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上通电2小时，自始至终不改变电极极性，达到2小时后切换至下一个连接次序，完成一个完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一个完整通电循环，如此循环往复，直至达到900小时的通电 总时间，完成最终的土壤电动修复处理。 Conduct electricity according to method (2): take the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, and electrify each connection for 2 hours , do not change the electrode polarity from beginning to end, and switch to the next connection sequence after reaching 2 hours. After completing a complete power-on, change the electrode polarity for the next complete power-on cycle, and so on, until the total power-on time of 900 hours is completed. The ultimate soil electro-remediation treatment. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始时的50g/kg降低至9.15g/kg，脱除率为81.7%。 After the operation is finished, the average oil content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 50g/kg at the beginning to 9.15g/kg, and the removal rate is 81.7%. the

对比例1：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Comparative example 1: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

参考图3的土样制备方法，制备了Cd含量为282mg/kg的测试土样，所述土样槽尺寸为14cm(长)×14cm(宽)×5cm(高)，在横截面的正方形的相对两侧各设置3根相同于本发明电极的电极，两侧的相对应电极相距12cm，即每根电极距离土样槽边缘为1cm。 With reference to the soil sample preparation method of Fig. 3, prepared the test soil sample that Cd content is 282mg/kg, and described soil sample tank size is 14cm (long) * 14cm (wide) * 5cm (high), in the square of cross section Three electrodes identical to the electrodes of the present invention are arranged on opposite sides, and the corresponding electrodes on both sides are 12 cm apart, that is, each electrode is 1 cm away from the edge of the soil sample tank. the

所述电极为中空的形式，并在电极管壁上设置有孔径为3mm的小孔。所述电极外周设有滤布，以防止土壤进入到中空电极中。所述土样槽的顶盖与槽体之间、底盖与槽体之间均设有丁腈橡胶密封圈，以保持良好的密封性能，为了测量不同位置处的电压来确定电压梯度，所述土样槽的顶盖上插有多根探针，其长度为电极的2/3。 The electrode is hollow, and small holes with a diameter of 3 mm are provided on the electrode tube wall. A filter cloth is arranged around the electrode to prevent soil from entering the hollow electrode. Nitrile rubber sealing rings are arranged between the top cover and the tank body and between the bottom cover and the tank body of the soil sample tank to maintain good sealing performance. In order to measure the voltage at different positions to determine the voltage gradient, the A plurality of probes are inserted on the top cover of the soil sample tank, the length of which is 2/3 of the electrode. the

对两侧电极进行通电，共通电处理510小时，其中0-160小时的通电电压为24V、160-190小时的通电电压为20V、190-204小时的通电电压为15V、204-260小时的通电电压为12V、260-510小时的通电电压为24V。 The electrodes on both sides are energized for a total of 510 hours, of which the energization voltage for 0-160 hours is 24V, the energization voltage for 160-190 hours is 20V, the energization voltage for 190-204 hours is 15V, and the energization voltage for 204-260 hours The voltage is 12V, and the power-on voltage for 260-510 hours is 24V. the

在通电过程中，通过液体加入装置，在连接一侧电极的总分流管末端的三通口向该侧电极中加入柠檬酸和乙酸的混合水溶液，其中柠檬酸浓度为3g/L和乙酸浓度为5.5g/L。在连接另侧电极的连接管末端的三通口向该另侧电极中加入柠檬酸和乙酸的混合水溶液，其中柠檬酸浓度为3g/L和乙酸浓度为6.1g/L，这两种混合水溶液的的pH为2.0。当正常运行时，通过连接总分流管和连接管的蠕动泵而中和阳极和阴极的pH值，使之保持在3-5之间，以使得不在阳极或阴极附近产生重金属沉淀，同时，通过将剩余的电极流出液体进入液体测量装置排出，以达到去除Cd离子修复土壤的目的。当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由开始时的282mg/kg降低至43.15mg/kg，脱除率为84.7%。 During electrification, add the mixed aqueous solution of citric acid and acetic acid to the side electrode at the tee port at the end of the total shunt pipe connected to one side electrode through the liquid adding device, wherein the concentration of citric acid is 3g/L and the concentration of acetic acid is 5.5g/L. Add a mixed aqueous solution of citric acid and acetic acid to the other electrode at the three-way port at the end of the connecting pipe connecting the other electrode, wherein the concentration of citric acid is 3g/L and the concentration of acetic acid is 6.1g/L, these two mixed aqueous solutions The pH is 2.0. During normal operation, neutralize the pH value of the anode and cathode through the peristaltic pump connected to the main shunt pipe and the connecting pipe, and keep it between 3-5, so as not to produce heavy metal precipitation near the anode or cathode. At the same time, through The remaining electrode effluent liquid is discharged into the liquid measuring device to achieve the purpose of removing Cd ions and repairing the soil. After the operation was completed, the average Cd ion content in the soil sample was measured, and it was found that its concentration decreased from 282mg/kg at the beginning to 43.15mg/kg, and the removal rate was 84.7%. the

对比例2：对于重金属Cd的脱除测试 Comparative example 2: For the removal test of heavy metal Cd

以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极同时通电510小时，即除不穿插方式B通电外，以与实施例1的相同方式进行了重金属Cd脱除测试。 With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the heavy metal Cd removal test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the method B was not energized. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均Cd离子含量，发现其浓度由 开始时的300mg/kg降低至38.93mg/kg，脱除率为87.02%。 After running, measure the average Cd ion content in the soil sample, find that its concentration reduces to 38.93mg/kg from 300mg/kg at the beginning, and the removal rate is 87.02%. the

对比例3：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Comparative example 3: Degradation and removal test for petroleum

除将中央电极和多个环状电极替换为两块平行布置的电极板、通过人工方式调节阳极和阴极的pH值使之控制在6-7之间，以及对两块电极板每隔2小时改变一次电极极性外，以与实施例14的相同方式进行操作，测试置对于石油的降解脱除效果。 In addition to replacing the central electrode and multiple ring electrodes with two electrode plates arranged in parallel, manually adjusting the pH value of the anode and cathode to control it between 6-7, and every 2 hours for the two electrode plates Except for changing the polarity of the electrode once, the operation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14, and the degradation and removal effect of the device on oil was tested. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始时的50g/kg降低至20.48g/kg，脱除率仅为59.04%。 When the operation is finished, the average oil content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 50g/kg at the beginning to 20.48g/kg, and the removal rate is only 59.04%. the

对比例4：对于石油的降解脱除测试 Comparative Example 4: Degradation and removal test for petroleum

除自始至终并不改变中央电极和环状电极的极性外(即中央电极一直为阳极、环状电极一直为阴极，或者中央电极一直为阴极、环状电极一直为阳极)，以与实施例14的相同方式进行操作，测试置对于石油的降解脱除效果。 Except that the polarity of the central electrode and the ring electrode is not changed from beginning to end (that is, the central electrode is always the anode, the ring electrode is always the cathode, or the central electrode is always the cathode, and the ring electrode is always the anode), in accordance with Example 14 Operate in the same way to test the degradation and removal effect of oil. the

当运行完毕后，测量土样中的平均石油含量，发现其浓度由开始时的50g/kg降低至24.26g/kg，脱除率仅为51.48%。 After the operation is finished, the average oil content in the soil sample is measured, and it is found that its concentration is reduced from 50g/kg at the beginning to 24.26g/kg, and the removal rate is only 51.48%. the

由上述所有实施例和对比例可以显而易见地看出，当采用本发明的装置和土壤修复方法时，其对重金属和有机污染物有着良好的去除率，其中就通电方式的不同而产生的重金属去除效果而言，“A+mB”>“A+nC”>“(1)或(2)”，而当去除有机污染物时，则“(2)”去除率最高，“A+mB”最低。 From above-mentioned all examples and comparative examples, it can be clearly seen that when the device and soil remediation method of the present invention are used, it has a good removal rate for heavy metals and organic pollutants. In terms of effect, "A+mB">"A+nC">"(1) or (2)", and when removing organic pollutants, "(2)" has the highest removal rate, and "A+mB" has the lowest . the

但无论是对于重金属还是有机污染物，本发明的方法均要显著地优于任何现有技术的去除率，这证明了本发明装置比现有技术中的类似装置有着更为优异的污染物脱除效果，而当采用本发明的相同装置和相同方法时，污染物脱除效果得到了进一步的、意想不到的提高与改善，这进一步证明了本发明装置和方法对于电动修复污染土壤的优异效果和良好的应用前景。 But no matter for heavy metals or organic pollutants, the method of the present invention is significantly better than the removal rate of any prior art, which proves that the device of the present invention has more excellent pollutant removal than similar devices in the prior art However, when using the same device and the same method of the present invention, the pollutant removal effect has been further improved and improved unexpectedly, which further proves the excellent effect of the device and method of the present invention on electrodynamic remediation of polluted soil. and good application prospects. the

尽管为了举例和描述之目的，而介绍了本发明的上述实施方式和附图所示结构及处理过程。但这些并非是详尽的描述，也不能将本发明的范围局限于此。对本领域技术人员来说，可对本发明的上述实施方式做出多种修改和变化，而这些所有的修改和/或变化都包括在如本发明的权利要求所限定的范围之内，并不脱离如所述权利要求所限定的本发明的范围和精神。 Although for the purpose of illustration and description, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention and the structures and processes shown in the drawings are introduced. However, these are not intended to be exhaustive and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, and all these modifications and/or changes are included within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention and do not depart from The scope and spirit of the invention is defined by the appended claims. the

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述装置包括土样槽、气体测量装置、液体循环与测量装置、电极控制系统和数据采集系统；1. An experimental method using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to restore polluted soil, characterized in that: the device includes a soil sample tank, a gas measuring device, a liquid circulation and measuring device, an electrode control system and a data acquisition system;所述土样槽包括槽体、顶盖、底盖，以及用于固定槽体、顶盖、底盖的螺栓；所述顶盖和底盖的相对应位置上设有多个螺母，其中一个螺母位于中心位置，其余螺母位于该中心螺母的周围，并以所述中心螺母为对称中心而呈环形或规则分布；在相对应的所述螺母之间设置有电极，即中央电极和多个环状电极；所述顶盖上还均匀分布有伸入到所述土样槽内部的多个探针；Described soil sample tank comprises tank body, top cover, bottom cover, and is used for fixing the bolt of tank body, top cover, bottom cover; The corresponding position of described top cover and bottom cover is provided with a plurality of nuts, wherein one The nut is located at the center, and the rest of the nuts are located around the central nut, and are ring-shaped or regularly distributed with the central nut as the symmetrical center; electrodes are arranged between the corresponding nuts, that is, the central electrode and a plurality of rings shape electrode; the top cover is also evenly distributed with a plurality of probes extending into the inside of the soil sample tank;所述气体测量装置为与各个电极上端相连的刻度管；The gas measuring device is a graduated tube connected to the upper end of each electrode;所述液体循环与测量装置包括与中央电极下端相连的连接管、由与环状电极下端相连的分流管汇合而成的总分流管、与所述连接管和总分流管相连的蠕动泵、分别与连接管末端和总分流管末端相连的液体测量装置；The liquid circulation and measurement device includes a connecting pipe connected to the lower end of the central electrode, a total shunt pipe formed by merging the shunt pipes connected to the lower end of the ring electrode, a peristaltic pump connected to the connecting pipe and the main shunt pipe, respectively Liquid measuring devices connected to the end of the connecting pipe and the end of the main distribution pipe;所述电极控制系统与各个电极相连；The electrode control system is connected to each electrode;所述数据采集系统与各个探针相连；The data acquisition system is connected to each probe;其中，在该方法中，采用如下(1)-(4)任一种的通电方式进行电动修复：Among them, in this method, any one of the following (1)-(4) energization methods is used for electric repair:(1).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，定时改变电极极性，在切换至下一个连接前多次改变电极极性，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复；(1). With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, and change the polarity of the electrodes regularly on each connection. Before switching to the next connection, change the polarity of the electrode several times until a complete power-on is completed, and so on to complete the soil electric repair;(2).以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电一定时间后，切换至下一个连接次序，完成一次完整通电后，改变电极极性进行下一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复；(2). With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line. In each connection, the electrode polarity does not change from beginning to end. After energizing for a certain period of time, switch to the next connection sequence. After completing a complete energization, change the polarity of the electrode for the next complete energization, and repeat this to complete the soil electrodynamic restoration;(3).以“A+mB”为循环单元的方式进行通电：(3). Power on with "A+mB" as the cycle unit:A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电；A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;B：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极进行顺次连接通电，在每个连接上，定时改变电极极性，在切换至下一个连接前多次改变电极极性，直至完成一次完整通电；B: Take the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect and energize the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in the same straight line clockwise or counterclockwise, and change the polarity of the electrodes regularly on each connection , change the electrode polarity several times before switching to the next connection until a complete power-on is completed;其中m为整数，且1≤m≤4；Where m is an integer, and 1≤m≤4;(4).以“A+nC”为循环单元的方式进行通电：(4). Power on with "A+nC" as the cycle unit:A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电；A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上，自始至终不改变电极极性，通电一定时间后，切换至下一个连接次序，直至完成一次完整通电；C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In each connection, the polarity of the electrodes is not changed from beginning to end, and the electricity is applied. After a certain period of time, switch to the next connection sequence until a complete power-on is completed;其中n为整数，且2≤n≤4，以及完成一次C通电后切换至下一个C完整通电时，改变电极极性。Where n is an integer, and 2≤n≤4, and when switching to the next complete energization of C after completing one C energization, change the electrode polarity.2.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：采用通电方式(1)进行电动修复，所述通电方式(1)如下：2. The experimental method of using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to repair polluted soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrification mode (1) is used to carry out electrodynamic repair, and the electrification mode (1) is as follows:以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，每个连接上的通电时间为t小时，在每个连接上以通电开始时计，通电t₁小时后改变电极极性，继续通电t₂小时直至设定时间t，然后切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，如此重复进行完成土壤电动修复；With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode clockwise or counterclockwise to the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line, and the power-on time for each connection is t hours. On each connection When the power is turned on, change the polarity of the electrode after₁ hour of power on, continue to power on_{for 2} hours until the set time t, then switch to the next power connection, until a complete power is completed, and so on to complete the soil electrodynamic restoration;其中，所述“t”为2-8小时，“t₁”为1-7.5小时，“t₂”为0.5-4小时。Wherein, the "t" is 2-8 hours, the "t₁ " is 1-7.5 hours, and the "t₂ " is 0.5-4 hours.3.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：采用通电方式(2)进行电动修复，所述通电方式(2)如下：3. The experimental method of using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to repair polluted soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrification mode (2) is used to carry out electrodynamic repair, and the electrification mode (2) is as follows:以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上不改变电极极性，且通电时间达到t₃小时后，切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，然后改变电极极性进行下一个每个通电连接时间为t₄小时的完整通电，如此重复进行每个通电连接上通电时间为t₃和t₄的完整通电，直至完成土壤电动修复；With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the symmetrically distributed ring electrodes on both sides in the same straight line clockwise or counterclockwise, and do not change the polarity of the electrodes on each connection, and the electrification time reaches t After₃ hours, switch to the next energized connection until a complete energization is completed, and then change the polarity of the electrodes to perform the next complete energization for each energized connection for t₄ hours, and repeat this for each energized connection for t Complete electrification of₃ and t₄ until completion of soil electric remediation;其中，所述“t₃”为1-4小时，所述“t₄”为0.5-1小时。Wherein, the "t₃ " is 1-4 hours, and the "t₄ " is 0.5-1 hours.4.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：采用通电方式(3)进行电动修复，所述通电方式(3)如下：4. The experimental method of using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to repair polluted soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrification mode (3) is used to carry out electrodynamic repair, and the electrification mode (3) is as follows:以“A+mB”为循环单元的方式进行通电：Power up with "A+mB" as the cycle unit:A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电；A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;B：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，每个连接上的通电时间为t小时，在每个连接上以通电时开始计，通电t₁小时后改变电极极性，继续通电t₂小时直至设定时间t，然后切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电；B: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The energization time of each connection is t hours. The connection starts when the power is turned on, and the electrode polarity is changed after₁ hour of power on, and the power is continued for₂ hours until the set time t, and then switched to the next power connection until a complete power on is completed;其中，m为整数，且1≤m≤4；所述“t”为2-8小时，“t₁”为1-7.5小时，“t₂”为0.5-4小时。Wherein, m is an integer, and 1≤m≤4; the "t" is 2-8 hours, "t₁ " is 1-7.5 hours, and "t₂ " is 0.5-4 hours.5.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：采用通电方式(4)进行电动修复，所述通电方式(4)如下：5. The experimental method of using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to repair contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrification mode (4) is used to carry out electrodynamic repair, and the electrification mode (4) is as follows:以“A+nC”为循环单元的方式进行通电：Power up with "A+nC" as the cycle unit:A：以中央电极为阴极，环状电极为阳极而同时对阳极和阴极进行通电；A: With the central electrode as the cathode and the ring electrode as the anode, the anode and the cathode are energized at the same time;C：以中央电极为圆心，顺时针或逆时针方向对中央电极和与之成同一条直线的两侧对称分布的环状电极通电连接，在每个连接上不改变电极极性，且通电时间达到t₃小时后，切换至下一个通电连接，直至完成一次完整通电，然后改变电极极性进行下一个每个通电连接时间为t₄小时的完整通电，如此重复进行每个通电连接上通电时间为t₃和t₄的完整通电，直至完成土壤电动修复；C: With the central electrode as the center of the circle, connect the central electrode and the ring electrodes symmetrically distributed on both sides in the same straight line in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and do not change the polarity of the electrodes on each connection, and the electrification time After reaching t₃ hours, switch to the next energized connection until a complete energization is completed, and then change the electrode polarity for the next complete energization for each energized connection with a time of t₄ hours, and so on for each energized connection. Complete energization of t₃ and t₄ until completion of soil electrokinetic remediation;其中，n为整数，且2≤n≤4，以及完成一次C通电后切换至下一个C完整通电时，改变电极极性；所述“t₃”为1-4小时，所述“t₄”为0.5-1小时。Among them, n is an integer, and 2≤n≤4, and when switching to the next complete energization of C after completing one C energization, the electrode polarity is changed; the "t₃ " is 1-4 hours, and the "t₄ " for 0.5-1 hour.6.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：在所述通电方式A中，通电时间为4-12小时。6. The experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the energization mode A, the energization time is 4-12 hours.7.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述的顶盖与槽体之间、底盖与槽体之间均设有密封圈。7. The experimental method of repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: between the top cover and the tank body, between the bottom cover and the tank body, there are seals lock up.8.如权利要求7所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述密封圈是丁腈橡胶、氟橡胶、硅橡胶或丙烯酸酯橡胶。8. The experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the sealing ring is nitrile rubber, fluororubber, silicon rubber or acrylic rubber.9.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述探针的长度为电极长度的1/3-2/3。9. The experimental method for repairing polluted soil using a two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the probe is 1/3-2/3 of the electrode length.10.如权利要求1所述的使用二维非均匀电场实验装置修复污染土壤的实验方法，其特征在于：所述装置还包括液体加入装置，通过该装置向土壤中加入络合剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、酸碱盐溶液、缓冲溶液或微生物中的一种或多种。10. the experimental method of using two-dimensional non-uniform electric field experimental device to repair polluted soil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described device also comprises liquid adding device, adds complexing agent, chelating agent in soil by this device , surfactant, acid-base salt solution, buffer solution or one or more of microorganisms.

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