CN103274829A - Special compound microbial fertilizer for tomatoes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound microbial fertilizer for tomatoes and a preparation method thereof. The special compound microbial fertilizer for tomatoes comprises components in percentage by weight as follows: 8%-12% of potassium sulfate, 0.2%-1.0% of manganese sulfate, 1%-3% of ferrous sulfate, 5%-10% of bentonite, 15%-20% of pig manure, 4%-6% of pork slaughter-house waste, 4%-8% of humic acid, 10%-15% of watermelon seedling tendrils, 8%-12% of grass carbon, 5%-8% of castor-oil plant residues, 8%-12% of monosodium glutamate residues, 12%-18% of cake meal, 0.2%-0.4% of bacillus megaterium, 0.3%-0.5% of bacillus subtilis, 0.8%-1% of streptomyces griseus, 0.2%-0.4% of streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.8%-1.2% of Aspergillus oryzae and 0.6%-0.8% of cellulose, and the sum of all the components is 100%. Compared with common compound fertilizers, the special compound microbial fertilizer for the tomatoes has the advantages that the yield increase range is larger, the quality is improved obviously, and the produced tomatoes are sweeter in taste, brighter in color and more favored by consumers.

Description

A kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belong to fertilizer field.

Background technology

Tomato is rich in the needed by human body element of multiple beneficial, is vegetables and fruit that people's daily life is difficult to leave, has high plantation and is worth.But planted tomato, fertilizing management is crucial, should pay attention to getting hold of kind, the quantity of applying fertilizer, and also the method that will pay attention to applying fertilizer could have been planted tomato.

Tomato is deep-rooted crop, the output height, and every per mu yield can reach more than 5000 kilograms, whole growing needs to absorb a large amount of nutrients from soil, and according to the nutrient balance principle, plant is only after various nutrient absorbing amounts reach physiological equilibrium, the ability normal growth could high yield.It is an amount of that but chemical fertilizer application is wanted, and excessively uses chemical fertilizer, can cause that salt density increases in the soil, causes the salinification of soil; And control nitrogenous fertilizer, enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer, forbid or the nitrogenous fertilizer of using of limiting the quantity of is nitric nitrogen, as ammonium nitrate, saltpetre and the compound fertilizer that contains nitric nitrogen.Should not execute chloride chemical fertilizer, because chlorion can reduce the starch content in the vegetables, make the product qualitative change bad, and residue in and easily cause soil compaction in the soil.Common chemical fertilizer or fertilizer are mainly used in fertilising to tomato at present, be difficult to reach aim of high yield, and fertilizer are more single, and there is certain problem in the quality of tomato; The special-purpose fertile of tomato also there is certain report, but tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer is also rarely had report.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is primarily aimed at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided, and can improve beneficial microorganism content in the soil, reduces disease and pest, improves the yield and quality of tomato.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

A kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer consists of by weight percentage: vitriolate of tartar 8-12%, manganous sulfate 0.2-1.0%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, wilkinite 5-10%, pig manure 15-20%, pork slaughterhouse waste 4-6%, humic acids 4-8%, the climing 10-15% of watermelon seedling, peat composed of rotten mosses 8-12%, castor-oil plant slag 5-8%, residue of monosodium glutamate 8-12%, grouts 12-18%, bacillus megaterium 0.2-0.4%, subtilis 0.3-0.5%, streptomyces griseus 0.8-1%, Jingyang streptomycete 0.2-0.4%, aspergillus oryzae 0.8-1.2%, cellulase 0.6-0.8%.

The preparation method of above-mentioned tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer may further comprise the steps:

(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8; Culture temperature control is at 20-30 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 14-18 hour, more in proportion 1.5% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 28-32 ℃, cultivates 55-75 hour;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8, temperature is 20-25 ℃, cultivated 20-22 days, the rising temperature continues to cultivate 10-14 days to 28-30 ℃, 2% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 84-96 hour under 25-30 ℃ of temperature;

(2) processing of crop material:

At first ted the watermelon seedling is climing, dry, moisture is dried in the air to below 20%; Then that the watermelon seedling is climing by long 1-2 centimetre, grouts were pulverized 20 mesh sieves; Grouts were soaked in water 8-12 hour, steam or boiled 20-40 minute;

(3) fermentative processing:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis, cellulase are mixed according to described ratio, adding water stirs, join that the humic acids, the watermelon seedling that mix are climing, in the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, castor-oil plant slag, residue of monosodium glutamate, grouts, mix and carry out fermentative processing, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 4-5 days, when finding that temperature is above 60 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, through 8-12 days the fermentation finishes;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete, aspergillus oryzae are joined in pig manure and the pork slaughterhouse waste, throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1-2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 3-4 days, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, overturning 2-4 time, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, every square metre of slotting 15-25 1-2cm²Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains the fermented product that moisture content is 35-40%;

(4) vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, wilkinite are mixed, make mixed fertilizer;

(5) material that step (3) and step (4) are made mixes, and stirs;

(6) dry, pulverize, make finished product: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

 

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) not only can ferment ight soil and slaughterhouse aircraft thing thereof of Jingyang streptomycete, and in soil, can continue breeding, and can coexist with probiotics, can suppress some fungal disease, have the ability that strengthens soil fertility, stimulates plant growth.

(2) reduced the consumption of conventional macroelement, reduced the environmental risk that the chemical fertilizer loss brings, but contained vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate in the composite fertilizer, can satisfy tomato to the demand of these several elements, the tomato color of production is red gorgeous;

(3) living microorganism increases organism in the soil and soil ulmin, and has added humic acids again, the colloid that utilizes organism and soil ulmin to generate, and the crumb structure in the reformation soil makes soil more loose, is conducive to the growth of tomato.

Embodiment

Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.

Embodiment 1

A kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer consists of by weight percentage: vitriolate of tartar 8%, manganous sulfate 0.5%, ferrous sulfate 3%, wilkinite 10%, pig manure 15%, pork slaughterhouse waste 4%, humic acids 8%, watermelon seedling are climing 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 12%, castor-oil plant slag 5%, residue of monosodium glutamate 8%, grouts 11%, bacillus megaterium 0.2%, subtilis 0.5%, streptomyces griseus 0.8%, Jingyang streptomycete 0.2%, aspergillus oryzae 1.2%, cellulase 0.6%.

The preparation method of above-mentioned tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer may further comprise the steps:

(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 6; Culture temperature control is at 20 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 8 hours, more in proportion 1.5% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 28 ℃, cultivates 75 hours;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 6, temperature is 20 ℃, cultivated 22 days, ℃ continuation of rising temperature to 28 was cultivated 14 days, 2% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 96 hours under 25 ℃ of temperature;

(2) processing of crop material:

At first ted the watermelon seedling is climing, dry, moisture is dried in the air to below 20%; Then that the watermelon seedling is climing by long 1 centimetre, grouts were pulverized 20 mesh sieves; Grouts were soaked in water 8 hours, steam or boiled 20 minutes;

(3) fermentative processing:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis, cellulase are mixed according to described ratio, adding water stirs, join that the humic acids, the watermelon seedling that mix are climing, in the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, castor-oil plant slag, residue of monosodium glutamate, grouts, mix and carry out fermentative processing, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 4 days time, when finding that temperature is above 60 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1 day once, through 12 days the fermentation finish;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete, aspergillus oryzae are joined in pig manure and the pork slaughterhouse waste, throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1 day, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 4 days time, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1 day once, overturning 4 times, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 15 2cm for every square metre²Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 35% fermented product;

(4) vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, wilkinite are mixed, make mixed fertilizer;

(5) material that step (3) and step (4) are made mixes, and stirs;

(6) dry, pulverize, make finished product: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

Embodiment 2

A kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer consists of by weight percentage: vitriolate of tartar 10%, manganous sulfate 0.4%, ferrous sulfate 3%, wilkinite 6%, pig manure 16%, pork slaughterhouse waste 5%, humic acids 6%, watermelon seedling are climing 11%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 9%, castor-oil plant slag 7%, residue of monosodium glutamate 9%, grouts 14%, bacillus megaterium 0.3%, subtilis 0.4%, streptomyces griseus 0.9%, Jingyang streptomycete 0.3%, aspergillus oryzae 1%, cellulase 0.7%.

The preparation method of above-mentioned tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer may further comprise the steps:

(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 8; Culture temperature control is at 30 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 14 hours, more in proportion 1.5% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 32 ℃, cultivates 55 hours;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 8, temperature is 25 ℃, cultivated 20 days, ℃ continuation of rising temperature to 30 was cultivated 10 days, 2% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 84 hours under 30 ℃ of temperature;

(2) processing of crop material:

At first ted the watermelon seedling is climing, dry, moisture is dried in the air to below 20%; Then that the watermelon seedling is climing by long 2 centimetres, grouts were pulverized 20 mesh sieves; Grouts were soaked in water 12 hours, steam or boiled 40 minutes;

(3) fermentative processing:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis, cellulase are mixed according to described ratio, adding water stirs, join that the humic acids, the watermelon seedling that mix are climing, in the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, castor-oil plant slag, residue of monosodium glutamate, grouts, mix and carry out fermentative processing, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 5 days time, when finding that temperature is above 60 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 2 days once, through 8 days the fermentation finish;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete, aspergillus oryzae are joined in pig manure and the pork slaughterhouse waste, throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 3 days time, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 2 days once, overturning 2 times, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 25 1cm for every square metre²Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 40% fermented product;

(4) vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, wilkinite are mixed, make mixed fertilizer;

(5) material that step (3) and step (4) are made mixes, and stirs;

(6) dry, pulverize, make finished product: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

Embodiment 3

A kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer consists of by weight percentage: vitriolate of tartar 10%, manganous sulfate 0.3%, ferrous sulfate 1%, wilkinite 8%, pig manure 15%, pork slaughterhouse waste 6%, humic acids 4%, watermelon seedling are climing 14%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 8%, castor-oil plant slag 8%, residue of monosodium glutamate 8%, grouts 14%, bacillus megaterium 0.4%, subtilis 0.3%, streptomyces griseus 1%, Jingyang streptomycete 0.2%, aspergillus oryzae 1.2%, cellulase 0.6%.

The preparation method of above-mentioned tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer may further comprise the steps:

(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is 7; Culture temperature control is at 25 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 16 hours, more in proportion 1.5% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, cultivates 65 hours;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8, temperature is 22 ℃, cultivated 21 days, the rising temperature continues to cultivate 12 days to 28-30 ℃, 2% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 90 hours under 27 ℃ of temperature;

(2) processing of crop material:

At first ted the watermelon seedling is climing, dry, moisture is dried in the air to below 20%; Then that the watermelon seedling is climing by long 1.5 centimetres, grouts were pulverized 20 mesh sieves; Grouts were soaked in water 10 hours, steam or boiled 30 minutes;

(3) fermentative processing:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis, cellulase are mixed according to described ratio, adding water stirs, join that the humic acids, the watermelon seedling that mix are climing, in the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, castor-oil plant slag, residue of monosodium glutamate, grouts, mix and carry out fermentative processing, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 4-days, when finding that temperature is above 60 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 2 days once, through 10 days the fermentation finish;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete, aspergillus oryzae are joined in pig manure and the pork slaughterhouse waste, throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, become thoroughly decomposed 3 days time, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 2 days once, overturning 2 times, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, insert 20 1.5cm for every square metre²Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains moisture content and be 38% fermented product;

(4) vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, wilkinite are mixed, make mixed fertilizer;

(5) material that step (3) and step (4) are made mixes, and stirs;

(6) dry, pulverize, make finished product: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 55 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

Compound manure (the contrast 2 that the composite microbiological fertilizer that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are obtained and the fertile industry of Qufu City Jin Shili science and technology company limited produce, its total nutrient 〉=45%, N-P-K is 28-6-6) be applied to tomato (kind is Zhejiang powder 202) respectively, tomato is unified plantation, outdoor cropping, unified management; Embodiment is identical with the fertilizer amount of contrast 1.Respectively its tomato production and contrast are compared, obtain its comparing result.Specifically as table 1:

The composite microbiological fertilizer of table 1 the present invention preparation and contrast 1 are relatively

	Tomato increment (%)
		Embodiment 1	20
Embodiment 2	22
		Embodiment 3	25

From finding that from above contrast the present invention compares with ordinary compound fertilizer, amount of increase in production is bigger, and it is obvious to improve quality, and the tomato mouthfeel of production is sweeter, and color is more bright-coloured, more is subjected to liking of human consumer.

The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer is characterized in that consisting of by weight percentage:

Vitriolate of tartar 8-12%, manganous sulfate 0.2-1.0%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, wilkinite 5-10%, pig manure 15-20%, pork slaughterhouse waste 4-6%, humic acids 4-8%, the climing 10-15% of watermelon seedling, peat composed of rotten mosses 8-12%, castor-oil plant slag 5-8%, residue of monosodium glutamate 8-12%, grouts 12-18%, bacillus megaterium 0.2-0.4%, subtilis 0.3-0.5%, streptomyces griseus 0.8-1%, Jingyang streptomycete 0.2-0.4%, aspergillus oryzae 0.8-1.2%, cellulase 0.6-0.8%, described various composition sums are 100%.

2. the preparation method of a kind of tomato specific complex microbial fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) fermentation culture of microorganism:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis are inoculated on the inclined-plane of PDA substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8; Culture temperature control is at 20-30 ℃; Cultivate and make bacteria suspension after 14-18 hour, more in proportion 1.5% inoculum size with the bacterial suspension inoculation for preparing in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, concussion is cultivated, temperature is controlled at 28-32 ℃, cultivates 55-75 hour;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete are being improved on the Camp-BAP substratum, the initial pH control of substratum is at 6-8, temperature is 20-25 ℃, cultivated 20-22 days, the rising temperature continues to cultivate 10-14 days to 28-30 ℃, 2% inoculum size is inoculated in the improvement Camp-BAP liquid nutrient medium and ferments in proportion again, cultivates 84-96 hour under 25-30 ℃ of temperature;

(2) processing of crop material:

At first ted the watermelon seedling is climing, dry, moisture is dried in the air to below 20%; Then that the watermelon seedling is climing by long 1-2 centimetre, grouts were pulverized 20 mesh sieves; Grouts were soaked in water 8-12 hour, steam or boiled 20-40 minute;

(3) fermentative processing:

1. bacillus megaterium, subtilis, cellulase are mixed according to described ratio, adding water stirs, join that the humic acids, the watermelon seedling that mix are climing, in the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, castor-oil plant slag, residue of monosodium glutamate, grouts, mix and carry out fermentative processing, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 4-5 days, when finding that temperature is above 60 ℃, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, through 8-12 days the fermentation finishes;

2. streptomyces griseus, Jingyang streptomycete, aspergillus oryzae are joined in pig manure and the pork slaughterhouse waste, throwing is turned in mechanize, with opening material, increase amount of oxygen, cultivate after 1-2 days, mixture is covered with plastics film, became thoroughly decomposed time 3-4 days, open film mixture carried out overturning, the timed interval be 1-2 days once, overturning 2-4 time, and then with the processing of plastics film jack, every square metre of slotting 15-25 1-2cm²Sky, suitably strengthen amount of oxygen, temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, when finding that material is loose, does not have the original stink of material, and the ammonia flavor is arranged slightly, fermentation finishes when producing white hypha in the heap, obtains the fermented product that moisture content is 35-40%;

(4) vitriolate of tartar, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, wilkinite are mixed, make mixed fertilizer;

(5) material that step (3) and step (4) are made mixes, and stirs;

(6) dry, pulverize, make finished product: above-mentioned material is dried through fluidized-bed, and temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 60 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.