技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，尤其涉及一种电源效率高的用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，属于无线电通信技术领域。The invention relates to a DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for drones, in particular to a DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for drones with high power supply efficiency, which belongs to the technical field of radio communication.
背景技术Background technique
无人机是一种以无线电遥控或自身程序控制为主的不载人飞机。与载人飞机相比，它具有体积小、造价低、使用方便，对作站环境要求低、战场生存能力较强等特点。现代战争中，无人机可以深入阵地前沿和敌后一二百公里对敌情进行侦察和监视，可以作为骗敌诱饵，对敌人实施干扰，对敌进行攻击，还可以进行通信中继，但是，无人机在完成其任务时需要电能，如果电能一旦用尽，其担任的任务就无法完成。UAV is a kind of unmanned aircraft mainly controlled by radio remote control or its own program. Compared with manned aircraft, it has the characteristics of small size, low cost, convenient use, low requirements for the station environment, and strong battlefield survivability. In modern warfare, UAVs can go deep into the front of the position and 100 to 200 kilometers behind the enemy to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance of the enemy's situation. Man-machines need electrical energy to perform their tasks, and if the electrical energy is exhausted, the tasks they perform cannot be completed.
图1是现有技术中提供的末级功率放大器放大信号时提供电能的波形图。如图1所示，为了使发射信号uF不失真的通过无线信道进行传输，在末级功率放大级需要提供的电源电压值E大于所发射信号的最大幅值，如此，大部分能量被以热能的形式消耗掉了。而对OFDM(OrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing正交频分复用)系统，信号的峰平比很高，大部分信号的幅值比较低，而只有极小一部分信号的幅度比较大，而采用现有技术中的供电方法，给末级功放加固定电压或者电流的电源，电源的利用率极低。FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of electric energy supplied by a final power amplifier provided in the prior art when amplifying a signal. As shown in Figure 1, in order to transmit the transmitted signal uF through the wireless channel without distortion, the power supply voltage E that needs to be provided in the final power amplifier stage is greater than the maximum amplitude of the transmitted signal, so most of the energy is absorbed by Energy is dissipated in the form of heat. And for OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system, the peak-to-average ratio of the signal is very high, the amplitude of most of the signals is relatively low, and only a small part of the signal is relatively large, and the power supply in the prior art The method is to add a fixed voltage or current power supply to the final power amplifier, and the utilization rate of the power supply is extremely low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服现有技术中存在的缺点，本发明的发明目的是提供一种用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，其电源利用率高，可以达到80％以上。In order to overcome the shortcomings existing in the prior art, the purpose of the invention is to provide a DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for unmanned aerial vehicles, and its power utilization rate is high, which can reach more than 80%.
为实现所述发明目的，本发明提供一种用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，其包括发射机和接收机，所述发射机包括：激励器、幅度预测判决器、编码器、直流调制电源、用于对激励器所要发送的信号进行功率放大的末级功率放大器、用于对末级功率放大器的输出阻抗与发射天线的输入阻抗进行匹配的输出滤波器和用于将经末级功率放大的电信号变成磁信号并发射到空间的发射天线，所述接收机包括：用于将空间磁信号变成电信号的接收天线，用于将接收天线所接收的电信号进行放大的小信号放大器，用于将小信号放大器所放大的信号与第一本级振荡器所产生的本振信号进行下变频形成中频信号的第一混频器，用于将中频信号进行模数变换形成数据信号的模数变换器，用于去除数据信号中的时间间隔，而后依次进行串并变换、FFT变换和并串变换的OFDM解调器和用于将OFDM解调器所输出的信号进行符号逆映射的符号逆映射器，其特征在于，幅度预测判决器将激励器所要发送的信号的瞬时幅值与设定值进行比较，并将比较结果传送给编码器；编码器对比较结果进行编码形成二进制码，直流调制电源根据二进制码给末级功率放大器提供电能；所述直流调制电源包括n级直流电压单元，各直流电压单元通过续流线圈级联，每个直流电压单元包括一个电池组、一个续流二极管、一个电子开关和一个驱动级，电池组的正极连接到续流二极管的负极；续流二极管的正极连接到电子开关的第一端，电子开关的第二端连接到电池组的负极，电子开关的控制端连接到驱动级，驱动级根据编码器所提供的二进制码控制电子开关的通断，所述n为大于或者等于2的整数。To achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for unmanned aerial vehicles, which includes a transmitter and a receiver, and the transmitter includes: an exciter, an amplitude prediction decision device, an encoder, The DC modulation power supply, the final power amplifier used to amplify the power of the signal to be sent by the exciter, the output filter used to match the output impedance of the final power amplifier and the input impedance of the transmitting antenna, and the The electrical signal amplified by the stage power becomes a magnetic signal and is transmitted to a transmitting antenna in space, and the receiver includes: a receiving antenna for converting the spatial magnetic signal into an electrical signal, and amplifying the electrical signal received by the receiving antenna The small signal amplifier is used to down-convert the signal amplified by the small signal amplifier and the local oscillator signal generated by the first local oscillator to form an intermediate frequency signal. The first mixer is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency signal The analog-to-digital converter that forms the data signal is used to remove the time interval in the data signal, and then sequentially performs serial-to-parallel conversion, FFT conversion and parallel-to-serial conversion of the OFDM demodulator and is used to perform the signal output by the OFDM demodulator The symbol inverse mapper for symbol inverse mapping is characterized in that the amplitude prediction decision unit compares the instantaneous amplitude of the signal to be sent by the exciter with the set value, and transmits the comparison result to the encoder; the encoder performs a comparison on the comparison result The coding forms a binary code, and the DC modulation power supply provides electric energy to the final power amplifier according to the binary code; the DC modulation power supply includes n-level DC voltage units, and each DC voltage unit is cascaded through a freewheeling coil, and each DC voltage unit includes a battery group, a freewheeling diode, an electronic switch and a driver stage, the positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode; the positive pole of the freewheeling diode is connected to the first terminal of the electronic switch, and the second terminal of the electronic switch is connected to the battery The negative electrode of the group and the control terminal of the electronic switch are connected to the driver stage, and the driver stage controls the on-off of the electronic switch according to the binary code provided by the encoder, and the n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
优选地，激励器包括符号映射器、OFDM调制器、D/A变换电路、第二混频器、第二本级振荡器和预放大器，其中，符号映射器用于将所输入的串行二进制码流进行分组形成数据符号并将数据符号映射成复数据数据序列，OFDM调制器用于将所复数据数据序列串并变换并调制到N个子载波上，接着进行IFFT变换形成并行的时域数据，即并行的OFDM符号，将所述并行的时域数据进行并串变换形成串行的OFDM符号，而后在每个串行的OFDM符号间插入保护时间间隔形成串行的插入了保护时间间隔的OFDM符号数据流；D/A变换电路将数据流进行数模转换形成模拟信号ui；第二混频器用于将模拟信号ui与第二本级振荡器产生的本振信号u0进行上变频形成待发送的信号uh，预放大器对待发送的信号uh进行放大并送给末级功率放大器进行功率放大。Preferably, the exciter includes a symbol mapper, an OFDM modulator, a D/A conversion circuit, a second mixer, a second local oscillator and a pre-amplifier, wherein the symbol mapper is used to convert the input serial binary code The streams are grouped to form data symbols and map the data symbols into complex data sequences. The OFDM modulator is used to serial-parallel transform and modulate the complex data sequences to N subcarriers, and then perform IFFT transformation to form parallel time-domain data, namely Parallel OFDM symbols, performing parallel-serial conversion on the parallel time-domain data to form serial OFDM symbols, and then inserting guard time intervals between each serial OFDM symbols to form serial OFDM symbols inserted with guard time intervals data stream; the D/A conversion circuit performs digital-to-analog conversion on the data stream to form an analog signal ui ; the second mixer is used to up-convert the analog signal ui and the local oscillator signal u0 generated by the second local oscillator to form For the signal uh to be sent, the pre-amplifier amplifies the signal uh to be sent and sends it to the final power amplifier for power amplification.
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，可将电源利用率提高到60％。Compared with the prior art, the DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the invention can increase the power utilization rate to 60%.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是现有技术中提供的末级功率放大器放大信号时提供电能的波形图；FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of providing electric energy when a final power amplifier provided in the prior art amplifies a signal;
图2是本发明提供的用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统的组成框图；Fig. 2 is the composition block diagram of the DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的直流调制电源的组成框图。Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the composition of the DC modulation power supply provided by the present invention.
图4是本发明提供的末级功率放大器放大信号时提供电能的波形图。Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of electric energy supplied by the final power amplifier provided by the present invention when amplifying a signal.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，详细说明本发明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图2是本发明提供的用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统的组成框图。如图2所示，本发明提供一种用于无人机的直流调制电源OFDM通信系统，其包括发射机和接收机，所述发射机包括：激励器、幅度预测判决器、编码器、直流调制电源、用于对激励器所要发送的信号进行功率放大的末级功率放大器、用于对末级功率放大器的输出阻抗与发射天线的输入阻抗进行匹配的输出滤波器和用于将经末级功率放大的电信号变成磁信号并发射到空间的发射天线，所述接收机包括：用于将空间磁信号变成电信号的接收天线，用于将接收天线所接收的电信号进行放大的小信号放大器，用于将小信号放大器所放大的信号与第一本级振荡器所产生的本振信号进行下变频形成中频信号的第一混频器，用于将中频信号进行模数变换形成数据信号的模数变换器，用于去除数据信号中的时间间隔，而后依次进行串并变换、FFT变换和并串变换的OFDM解调器和用于将OFDM解调器所输出的信号进行符号逆映射的符号逆映射器。激励器包括符号映射器、OFDM调制器、D/A变换电路、混频器、本级振荡器和预放大器，其中，符号映射器用于将所输入的串行二进制码流进行分组形成数据符号并将数据符号映射成复数数据序列，OFDM调制器用于将复数数据序列进行串并变换并调制到K个子载波上，K个子载波上的数据记为X0，X0...，XK-1；接着进行IFFT变换形成并行的时域数据x0，x1，...，xK-1，即x0，x1，...，xK-1为一个OFDM符号，将所述并行的时域数据进行并串变换形成串行的OFDM符号，而后在每个OFDM符号间插入保护时间间隔形成OFDM码元；D/A变换电路将数据流进行数模转换形成模拟信号ui；第二混频器用于将模拟信号ui与第二本级振荡器产生的本振信号u0进行上变频形成待发送的信号uh，预放大器对待发送的信号uh进行放大并送给末级功率放大器进行功率放大。幅度预测判决器对x0、x0、...，xK-1的幅值依次与n个设定值AT1、设定值AT1，...，设定值ATn(其中，AT1＜AT1＜...，＜ATn)进行比较，并将比较结果传送给编码器，编码器根据比较结果进行编码形成二进制码，直流调制电源根据二进制码给末级功放提供电能。为保证信号不失真，通常，设定值ATn大于所有OFDM符号中数据的最大值。Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the OFDM communication system for the DC modulation power supply provided by the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of DC modulation power supply OFDM communication system for unmanned aerial vehicles, and it comprises transmitter and receiver, and described transmitter comprises: exciter, amplitude prediction decision device, coder, direct current The modulation power supply, the final power amplifier used to amplify the power of the signal to be sent by the exciter, the output filter used to match the output impedance of the final power amplifier with the input impedance of the transmitting antenna, and the final stage The power amplified electric signal becomes a magnetic signal and is transmitted to a transmitting antenna in space, and the receiver includes: a receiving antenna for converting a space magnetic signal into an electric signal, and a device for amplifying the electric signal received by the receiving antenna The small signal amplifier is used to down-convert the signal amplified by the small signal amplifier and the local oscillator signal generated by the first local oscillator to form an intermediate frequency signal. The first mixer is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency signal to form The analog-to-digital converter of the data signal is used to remove the time interval in the data signal, and then sequentially performs serial-parallel conversion, FFT conversion and parallel-serial conversion OFDM demodulator and is used to symbolize the signal output by the OFDM demodulator Symbolic inverse mapper for inverse mapping. The exciter includes a symbol mapper, an OFDM modulator, a D/A conversion circuit, a mixer, a local oscillator and a pre-amplifier, wherein the symbol mapper is used to group the input serial binary code streams to form data symbols and Map the data symbols into a complex data sequence, and the OFDM modulator is used to serial-to-parallel convert the complex data sequence and modulate it onto K subcarriers, and the data on the K subcarriers are recorded as X0 , X0 ..., XK-1 ; Then perform IFFT transformation to form parallel time-domain data x0 , x1 , ..., xK-1 , that is, x0 , x1 , ..., xK-1 is an OFDM symbol, and the parallel Parallel-to-serial conversion of the time-domain data to form serial OFDM symbols, and then insert guard time intervals between each OFDM symbol to form OFDM symbols; D/A conversion circuit performs digital-to-analog conversion on the data stream to form an analog signal ui ; The second mixer is used to up-convert the analog signal ui and the local oscillator signal u0 generated by the second local oscillator to form the signal uh to be transmitted, and the pre-amplifier amplifies the signal uh to be transmitted and sends it to the final stage The power amplifier performs power amplification. Amplitude prediction decision unit compares the amplitude of x0 , x0 , ..., xK-1 with n set values AT1 , set values AT1 , ..., set values ATn (wherein, AT1 <AT1 <..., <ATn ) for comparison, and the comparison result is sent to the encoder, the encoder encodes according to the comparison result to form a binary code, and the DC modulation power supply provides power to the final power amplifier according to the binary code. In order to ensure that the signal is not distorted, generally, the set valueATn is greater than the maximum value of data in all OFDM symbols.
仍如图2所示，在发送端输入的二进制码流进行分组形成数据符号，数据符号经符号映射器映射形成复数数据序列，复数数据序列串并变换后形成K条并行的低速数据流X0，X0，...，XK-1；对其进行IFFT变换得到时域的抽样值：Still as shown in Figure 2, the binary code stream input at the sending end is grouped to form data symbols, and the data symbols are mapped by the symbol mapper to form a complex data sequence, and the complex data sequence is serially converted to form K parallel low-speed data streams X0 , X0 ,..., XK-1 ; perform IFFT transformation on it to obtain the sampling value in the time domain:
其中，m为频域的离散点，k为时域的离散点。Among them, m is a discrete point in the frequency domain, and k is a discrete point in the time domain.
在接收端，去除保护时间间隔的信号经串并变换形成的时域数据为y0、y1、...，yK-1，对其进行FFT变换得到频域的值：At the receiving end, the time-domain data formed by serial-to-parallel transformation of the signal with the guard time interval removed is y0 , y1 , ..., yK-1 , and the FFT transformation is performed on it to obtain the value in the frequency domain:
图3是本发明提供的直流可调制电源的组成框图。如图3所示，所述直流调制电源包括n个光发射器OT0、OT1、OT2…和OTN，N＝n-1，n个光接收器OR0、OR1、OR2…和ORN和n级直流单元，各直流电压单元通过续流线圈级联，所述n为大于或者等于2的整数。所述的光发射器将编码器输出的二进制控制信号转换成光信号以通过光纤传输到对应的光接收器。所述的光接收器接收对应的光发射器发射来的光信号，并将接收的光信号转换成控制驱动级的电信号以此实现处于悬浮电压之上的各级直流电压单元与低电平控制部分的高电压隔离。Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the DC modulating power supply provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the DC modulation power supply includes n optical transmitters OT0 , OT1 , OT2 ... and OTN , N=n-1, and n optical receivers OR0 , OR1 , OR2 ... AND ORN and n-level DC units, each DC voltage unit is cascaded through a freewheeling coil, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The optical transmitter converts the binary control signal output by the encoder into an optical signal to be transmitted to the corresponding optical receiver through the optical fiber. The optical receiver receives the optical signal emitted by the corresponding optical transmitter, and converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal for controlling the driving stage so as to realize the direct current voltage units of all levels above the suspension voltage and the low-level High voltage isolation of the control section.
第一个直流电压单元M0包括一个电池组U0、一个续流二极管D0、一个电子开关和一个驱动级P0，电子开关为CMOS管CMOS0，所述电池组U0的正极连接于续流二极管D0的负极；续流二极管D0的正极连接到CMOS管CMOS0的漏极，CMOS管CMOS0的源极连接到所述电池组U0的负极，CMOS管CMOS0的栅极连接到驱动级P0，驱动级P0根据光接收器OR0所接收的编码器所发出的二进制控制指令控制CMOS管CMOS0的通断。CMOS管CMOS0工作于开关状态，当CMOS管CMOS0的栅极输入一个高电位时，CMOS管CMOS0导通，电池组U0的负极相当于接到续流二极管D0的正极。续流二极管D0两端的电压为U0，上端为正，下端为负。当CMOS管CMOS0的栅极输入一个低电位时，CMOS管CMOS0截止。续流二极管D0两端的电压为二极管结电压。The first DC voltage unit M0 includes a battery pack U0 , a freewheeling diode D0 , an electronic switch and a drive stage P0 , the electronic switch is a CMOS transistor CMOS0 , and the anode of the battery pack U0 is connected to The negative pole of the freewheeling diodeD0 ; the positive pole of the freewheeling diodeD0 is connected to the drain of the CMOS transistorCMOS0 , the source of the CMOS transistorCMOS0 is connected to the negative pole of the battery packU0 , and the gate of the CMOS transistorCMOS0 Connected to the driver stage P0 , the driver stage P0 controls the on-off of the CMOS transistor CMOS0 according to the binary control command sent by the encoder received by the optical receiver OR0 . The CMOS transistor CMOS0 works in a switching state. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS0 inputs a high potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS0 is turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery pack U0 is equivalent to being connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D0 . The voltage at both ends of the freewheeling diode D0 is U0 , the upper end is positive and the lower end is negative. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS0 inputs a low potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS0 is turned off. The voltage across the freewheeling diodeD0 is the diode junction voltage.
同理，第二个直流电压单元M1包括一个电池组U1、一个整流器R1、一个续流二极管D1、一个电子开关和一个驱动级P1，电子开关为CMOS管CMOS1，所述电池组U1的正极连接于连接到续流二极管D1的负极；续流二极管D1的正极连接到CMOS管CMOS1的漏极，CMOS管CMOS1的源极电池组U1的负极，CMOS管CMOS1的栅极连接到驱动级P1，由驱动级P1根据光接收器OR1所接收的编码器所发出的二进制控制指令控制CMOS管CMOS1的通断。CMOS管CMOS1工作于开关状态，当CMOS管CMOS1的栅极输入一个高电位时，CMOS管CMOS1导通，电池组U1的负极相当于接到续流二极管D1的正极。续流二极管D1两端的电压为U1，上端为正，下端为负。当CMOS管CMOS1的栅极输入一个低电位时，CMOS管CMOS1截止。续流二极管D1两端的电压为二极管结电压。Similarly, the second DC voltage unit M1 includes a battery pack U1 , a rectifier R1 , a freewheeling diode D1 , an electronic switch and a driver stage P1 , the electronic switch is a CMOS transistor CMOS1 , the The positive poleof the battery pack U1 is connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode D1; the positive pole of the freewheeling diode D1 is connected to the drain of the CMOS transistor CMOS1 , and the sourceof the CMOS transistorCMOS1 . The negative poleof the battery pack U1, CMOS The gate of the transistor CMOS1 is connected to the driver stage P1 , and the driver stage P1 controls the on-off of the CMOS transistor CMOS1 according to the binary control command sent by the encoder received by the optical receiver OR1 . The CMOS transistor CMOS1 works in a switching state. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS1 inputs a high potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS1 is turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery pack U1 is equivalent to being connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 . The voltage at both ends of the freewheeling diode D1 is U1 , the upper end is positive and the lower end is negative. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS1 inputs a low potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS1 is turned off.The voltage across the freewheeling diode D1 is the diode junction voltage.
第三个直流电压单元M2包括一个电池组U2、一个整流器R2、一个续流二极管D2、一个电子开关和一个驱动级P2，电子开关为CMOS管CMOS2，所述电池组U2、的正极连接到续流二极管的负极；续流二极管D2的正极连接到CMOS管CMOS2的漏极，CMOS管CMOS2的源极连接到电池组U2的负极，CMOS管CMOS2的栅极连接到驱动级P2，由驱动级P2根据光接收器OR2所接收的编码器所发出的二进制控制指令控制CMOS管CMOS2的通断。CMOS管CMOS2工作于开关状态，当CMOS管CMOS2的栅极输入一个高电位时，CMOS管CMOS2导通，电池组U2的负极相当于接到续流二极管D2的正极。续流二极管D2两端的电压为U2，上端为正，下端为负。当CMOS管CMOS2的栅极输入一个低电位时，CMOS管CMOS2截止。续流二极管D2两端的电压为二极管结电压。The third DC voltage unit M2 includes a battery pack U2 , a rectifier R2 , a freewheeling diode D2 , an electronic switch and a driver stage P2 , the electronic switch is a CMOS transistor CMOS2 , and the battery pack U2. The positive pole of the freewheeling diode is connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode; the positive pole of the freewheeling diode D2 is connected to the drain of the CMOS transistorCMOS2 , the source of the CMOS transistorCMOS2 is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack U2, and the CMOStransistorCMOS2 ’s The gate is connected to the driver stage P2 , and the driver stage P2 controls the on-off of the CMOS transistor CMOS2 according to the binary control command sent by the encoder received by the optical receiver OR2 . The CMOS transistor CMOS2 works in the switching state. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS2 inputs a high potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS2 is turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery pack U2 is equivalent to being connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 . The voltage across the freewheeling diode D2 is U2 , the upper end is positive and the lower end is negative. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOS2 inputs a low potential, the CMOS transistor CMOS2 is turned off.The voltage across the freewheeling diode D2 is the diode junction voltage.
依次类推，第n个直流电压单元MN包括一个电池组UN、一个整流器RN、一个续流二极管DN、一个电子开关和一个驱动级PN，电子开关为CMOS管CMOSN，所述电池组UN的正极连接于续流二极管的负极；续流二极管DN的正极连接到CMOS管CMOSN的漏极，CMOS管CMOSN的源极连接到电池组UN的负极，CMOS管CMOSN的栅极连接到驱动级PN，由驱动级PN根据光接收器ORN所接收的编码器所发出的二进制控制指令控制CMOS管CMOSN的通断。MOS管CMOSN工作于开关状态，当CMOS管CMOSN的栅极输入一个高电位时，CMOS管CMOSN导通，电池组UN的负极当于接到续流二极管DN的正极。续流二极管DN两端的电压为UN，上端为正，下端为负。当CMOS管CMOSN的栅极输入一个低电位时，CMOS管CMOSN截止，续流二极管DN两端的电压为二极管结电压。By analogy, the nth DC voltage unit MN includes a battery pack UN , a rectifier RN , a freewheeling diodeDN , an electronic switch and a driver stagePN , the electronic switch is a CMOS transistor CMOSN , and the The positive pole of the battery pack UN is connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode; the positive pole of the freewheeling diode DN is connected to the drain of the CMOS transistor CMOSN , the source of the CMOS transistor CMOSN is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack UN , and the CMOS transistor CMOS The gate ofN is connected to the driver stagePN , and the driver stagePN controls the on-off of the CMOS transistor CMOS Naccording to the binary control instruction sent by the encoder received by the optical receiver ORN. The MOS transistor CMOSN works in a switching state. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOSN inputs a high potential, the CMOS transistor CMOSN is turned on, and the negative pole of the battery pack UN is connected to the positive pole of the freewheeling diodeDN . The voltage at both ends of the freewheeling diodeDN is U N, the upper end is positive and the lower end is negative. When the gate of the CMOS transistor CMOSN inputs a low potential, the CMOS transistor CMOSN is cut off, and the voltage across the freewheeling diodeDN is the diode junction voltage.
第1个直流电压单元M0与第2个直流电压单元M1之间用续流线圈L01相连，即续流线圈L01连接于续流二极管D0的负极和续流二极管D1的正极之间；第2个直流电压单元M1与第3个直流电压单元M2之间用续流线圈L12相连，即续流线圈L12连接于续流二极管D1的负极和续流二极管D2的正极之间；依次类推，第3个直流电压单元M2与第4个直流电压单元M3之间用续流线圈L23相连接。如此，如果每个直流电压单元M0、M1、M2、…和MN的电子开关均同时导通的情况下，直流调制电源总的输出总电压为U总＝U0+U1+U2+…+UN。本发明中各个直流电压单元输出的电压值相同，则总输出电压U总＝nU0The first DC voltage unit M0 is connected to the second DC voltage unit M1 with a freewheeling coil L01 , that is, the freewheeling coil L01 is connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diodeD0 and the positive poleof the freewheeling diode D1 between the second DC voltage unit M1 and the third DC voltage unit M2 with the freewheeling coil L12 , that is, the freewheeling coil L12 is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the freewheeling diode D2 positive poles; and so on, thethird DC voltage unitM2 and the fourth DC voltage unit M3 are connected with the freewheeling coilL23 . In this way, if the electronic switches of each DC voltage unit M0 , M1 , M2 , ... and MN are turned on at the same time, the total output voltage of the DC modulation power supply is Utotal = U0 +U1 + U2 +…+UN . In the present invention, the voltage values output by each DC voltage unit are the same, then thetotal output voltage U=nU0
本发明中，幅度预测判决器依次将xk的幅值与各个AT1、AT2、...和ATn进行比较，如果xk的幅值小于AT1，编码器输出一个相应的二进制码，一个直流电压单元的电子开关导通，其它直流电压单元的电子开关截止，直流调制电源给末级功放提供的电源为U总＝U0；如果xk的幅值大于或者等于AT1并小于AT2，编码器输出一个相应的二进制码，两个直流电压单元的电子开关导通，其它直流电压单元的电子开关截止，直流调制电源总的输出总电压为U总＝2U0；如果xk的幅值大于或者等于ATn-1并小于ATn，编码器输出一个相应的二进制码，所有直流电压单元M0、M1、M2、…和MN的电子开关均导通，直流调制电源给末级功放提供的总电压为U总＝nU0。In the present invention, the amplitude prediction decision unit compares the amplitude of xk with each AT1 , AT2 , ... and ATn in turn, and if the amplitude of xk is smaller than AT1 , the encoder outputs a corresponding binary code , the electronic switch of one DC voltage unit is turned on, and the electronic switch of other DC voltage units is cut off. The power supply provided by the DC modulation power supply to the final stage power amplifier is Utotal = U0 ; if the amplitude of xk is greater than or equal toAT1 and less than AT2 , the encoder outputs a corresponding binary code, the electronic switches of the two DC voltage units are turned on, and the electronic switches of other DC voltage units are cut off, the total output voltage of the DC modulation power supply is Utotal = 2U0 ; if xk If the amplitude is greater than or equal to ATn-1 and less than ATn , the encoder outputs a corresponding binary code, and the electronic switches of all DC voltage units M0 , M1 , M2 ,... and MN are turned on, and the DC modulation The total voltage provided by the power supply to the final stage power amplifier isUtotal =nU0 .
图4是本发明提供的末级功率放大器放大信号时提供电能的波形图。如图4所示，当要发射的信号uF的幅度大时，可使每个直流电压单元的电子开关均同时导通，提供的电源U总为各个电源之和。当要发射的信号uF的幅度小时，可使部分电源导通，提供的电源U总为导通的各个直流电压单元之和，即，提供的电压小，如此，就提高了电源的利用率。Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of electric energy supplied by the final power amplifier provided by the present invention when amplifying a signal. As shown in Figure 4, when the amplitude of the signal uF to be transmitted is large, the electronic switches of each DC voltage unit can be turned on at the same time, and the power U provided isalways the sum of all power supplies. When the amplitude of the signal uF to be transmitted is small, part of the power supply can be turned on, and the provided power supply U isalways the sum of the various DC voltage units that are turned on, that is, the provided voltage is small, so that the utilization rate of the power supply is improved .
虽然以上已结合附图对本发明作了详尽说明，但本领域技术人员应当认识到，在没有脱离本发明构思的前提下，任何基于本发明作出的改进和变换仍然属于本发明保护范围内的内容。Although the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art should recognize that without departing from the concept of the present invention, any improvement and transformation made based on the present invention still belong to the content within the protection scope of the present invention .
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