技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种物理辅助抗触媒团聚的废水降解用大处理量光催化反应器，属于C02F废水处理技术领域。The invention relates to a large-capacity photocatalytic reactor for physically assisted anti-catalyst agglomeration wastewater degradation, and belongs to the technical field of CO2F wastewater treatment.
背景技术Background technique
微波光催化降解处理技术，作为一种有效的针对含有机污染物工业废水的无害化处理技术，近年来颇受关注。Microwave photocatalytic degradation treatment technology, as an effective harmless treatment technology for industrial wastewater containing organic pollutants, has attracted much attention in recent years.
关于微波光催化降解技术，作为一例，可以参见公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案。Regarding the microwave photocatalytic degradation technology, as an example, refer to the Chinese patent application with publication number CN102260003A.
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，是以微波作为激发源，激发无极紫外灯发射紫外线，于液体内部照射掺有光催化剂二氧化钛的悬浊液，该无极紫外灯被石英管所笼罩保护着，有空气泵向该石英管内腔持续注入空气，由石英腔溢出的空气经由管道与位于反应器底部的微孔曝气头联通，该反应器内部的下方区域为曝气区，该反应器内部的上方区域是微波光催化反应区，该方案还以反应器内置的膜分离组件，来提析净化后的水，并以该膜分离组件实现光催化剂二氧化钛微粒的截留再用；该方案还在无极紫外光源与膜分离组件之间架设隔板，用于防止紫外线对有机质的膜分离组件的辐射损伤；通入反应器内部的空气，部分直接参与依托光催化剂二氧化钛的光催化降解反应，还有一部分空气，在紫外光的直接照射下，生成一定量的臭氧，该生成的臭氧当然也发挥着针对有机污染物的直接的氧化降解作用。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A uses microwaves as the excitation source to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to emit ultraviolet rays, and irradiates the suspension mixed with photocatalyst titanium dioxide inside the liquid. The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is shrouded and protected by a quartz tube. , an air pump continuously injects air into the inner chamber of the quartz tube, and the air overflowing from the quartz chamber communicates with the microporous aeration head at the bottom of the reactor through the pipe. The upper area is the microwave photocatalytic reaction zone. This scheme also uses the built-in membrane separation module of the reactor to extract the purified water, and uses the membrane separation module to realize the interception and reuse of the photocatalyst titanium dioxide particles; A partition is set up between the electrodeless ultraviolet light source and the membrane separation module to prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging the organic matter membrane separation module; part of the air that passes into the reactor directly participates in the photocatalytic degradation reaction relying on the photocatalyst titanium dioxide, and Part of the air, under the direct irradiation of ultraviolet light, generates a certain amount of ozone, which of course also plays a direct role in the oxidation and degradation of organic pollutants.
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案毫无疑问为微波光催化废水降解技术的进步起到了不可忽视的推动作用，其研发人员在该领域所展开的工作令人敬佩。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A has undoubtedly played a non-negligible role in promoting the progress of microwave photocatalytic wastewater degradation technology, and the work carried out by its researchers in this field is admirable.
基于由衷的敬佩之意，以及，共同的努力方向，我们下面要谈的是问题。Based on sincere admiration and common direction of efforts, what we are going to talk about next is the problem.
以下将要谈到的问题，共有十个；该十个问题是并列的十个问题；其排序的先后仅仅是出于论述便捷的考虑。There are ten questions in total that will be discussed below; these ten questions are parallel ten questions; the order of their ranking is only for the convenience of discussion.
问题之一：One of the problems:
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其用于拦截催化剂二氧化钛微粒的膜分离组件是安置于反应器内腔，浸没在处理对象液体之中，并且依靠升腾的含臭氧气泡来冲刷膜分离组件，藉此除去其表面所吸附、滞留的催化剂微粒，达成催化剂微粒的回收、再利用目的，同时，膜分离组件也是依靠这个方式自洁并保持其分离能力，那么，基于该结构，只能选用商业用帘式中空纤维膜组件或平板膜组件，并且，该膜分离组件是需要浸泡在有臭氧气泡升腾的强氧化性的周遭环境中，因此，对膜分离组件的氧化耐受力必然有要求，普通材质的有机膜分离组件不能耐受这样的使用环境，故只能选用PVDF材质的膜分离组件，这一点已在该案公开文本第0009段文字以及权项3中清楚地表明；该种需要特殊的氧化耐受力的滤膜其材质成本较高，其市售价格当然也高于无氧化耐受力要求的普通有机微滤膜组件；换句话说，该案的结构方式，导致膜分离组件的材质被局限于较昂贵的PVDF材质。再有，装置内可能的紫外光泄露，可能触及有机膜组件，这也要求装置内的有机膜组件材质能够抵抗紫外光辐照，从这一点看，基于该装置的结构方案，有机膜分离组件的材质也只能被局限在较昂贵的PVDF材质。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the membrane separation assembly used to intercept catalyst titanium dioxide particles is placed in the inner cavity of the reactor, immersed in the liquid to be treated, and relies on rising ozone-containing bubbles to flush the membrane separation assembly , so as to remove the catalyst particles adsorbed and retained on its surface, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling and reusing the catalyst particles. At the same time, the membrane separation module also relies on this method to self-clean and maintain its separation ability. Then, based on this structure, only Commercial curtain-type hollow fiber membrane modules or flat-panel membrane modules, and the membrane separation module needs to be immersed in a strong oxidative surrounding environment where ozone bubbles rise, so there must be requirements for the oxidation resistance of the membrane separation module , the organic membrane separation module made of ordinary materials cannot withstand such a use environment, so the membrane separation module made of PVDF can only be used, which has been clearly stated in paragraph 0009 of the public document of the case and item 3; The material cost of the filter membrane that requires special oxidation tolerance is relatively high, and its market price is of course higher than that of ordinary organic microfiltration membrane components without oxidation tolerance requirements; in other words, the structure of the case leads to membrane The material of the separation components is limited to the more expensive PVDF material. In addition, the possible ultraviolet light leakage in the device may touch the organic membrane module, which also requires the material of the organic membrane module in the device to be able to resist ultraviolet radiation. From this point of view, based on the structural scheme of the device, the organic membrane separation module The material can only be limited to the more expensive PVDF material.
有机膜组件相较于陶制过滤组件，有其显而易见的优势；关于这一点，对于过滤技术专业的人士来说，是公知的，在这里不展开赘述。Compared with ceramic filter components, organic membrane components have obvious advantages; this point is well known to those skilled in filtration technology, and will not be repeated here.
那么，在使用有机材质膜组件的前提之下，能否撇开这种PVDF滤膜材质局限呢？这是一个需要解决的问题，此为问题之一。So, under the premise of using organic material membrane modules, can we get rid of the limitations of this PVDF membrane material? This is a problem that needs to be solved, this is one of the problems.
问题之二：Question two:
鉴于所述升腾气泡的冲刷力、清洁能力比较弱，因此，与该清洁方式配合使用的膜分离组件其孔径只能选用比较大的微滤级别的滤孔孔径，该微滤级别的滤孔孔径为0.1-0.2微米，关于这一点，同样在该案公开文本第0009段文字以及权项3中有清楚的限定，该种滤孔孔径限定，从该案这样的膜分离组件的选型、内置且浸泡使用方式、升腾气泡自洁方法来看，是必然的，只能限定其滤孔孔径在微滤级别。换句话说，这种以升腾气泡冲刷的方式其冲刷力、清洁力太弱，以至于根本无法应对更小孔径的滤膜，所以说，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径限定在0.1微米-0.2微米之间，是没有商量余地的必然选择。In view of the relatively weak scouring force and cleaning ability of the rising air bubbles, the pore diameter of the membrane separation module used in conjunction with this cleaning method can only be selected from relatively large microfiltration grade filter pore diameters. It is 0.1-0.2 microns. On this point, it is also clearly defined in paragraph 0009 of the public text of the case and claim 3. The pore size of this kind of filter is limited. From the selection, built-in In addition, it is inevitable in terms of the method of soaking and the self-cleaning method of rising bubbles, and the pore size of the filter can only be limited to the microfiltration level. In other words, the scouring and cleaning power of this method of scouring with rising bubbles is too weak to deal with the filter membrane with a smaller pore size. Therefore, in the device in this case, the pore size of the filter membrane is limited to 0.1 micron- Between 0.2 microns is an inevitable choice without room for negotiation.
所谓0.1-0.2微米的滤孔孔径，如果换一个计量单位，对应的就是100-200纳米的滤孔孔径；那是什么概念呢？以其下限的100纳米滤孔孔径来说，它所能拦截的催化剂微粒其尺寸必须是在100纳米以上，而小于100纳米的催化剂微粒是无法被拦截的；换句话说，小于100纳米的催化剂微粒将直接穿透、通过膜组件的滤孔，混入降解反应器所输出的所谓的净水之中。The so-called filter pore size of 0.1-0.2 microns, if you change the measurement unit, corresponds to the filter pore size of 100-200 nanometers; what is that concept? In terms of its lower limit of 100 nanometer filter pore size, the size of the catalyst particles it can intercept must be above 100 nanometers, and catalyst particles smaller than 100 nanometers cannot be intercepted; in other words, catalyst particles smaller than 100 nanometers The particles will directly penetrate and pass through the filter pores of the membrane module and mix into the so-called clean water output from the degradation reactor.
现在需要来谈谈紫外光催化降解反应所涉光催化剂的粒径以及光催化剂剂型选择。Now we need to talk about the particle size of the photocatalyst involved in the ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation reaction and the selection of the photocatalyst dosage form.
从事光催化降解研究的专业人士都知道，以紫外光激励的光化学降解反应，其催化剂多选用二氧化钛微粒催化剂；目前，在实验室水平上已经研发出品种繁多的基于二氧化钛光催化特性的光降解用微粒催化剂，当然，这些不同制备方式形成的光降解用催化剂，其粒径也是多样的；不同制备方法制成的光催化剂其粒径小至20纳米，大至100000纳米也即100微米，都有，其中不乏性能优异的光催化剂品种；但是，由于性能长期稳定性评价、制备成本以及市场拓展等等方面因素的制约，绝大多数的所述光催化剂其供应能力仅局限于实验室水平，而没有能够形成大规模市售的生产水平；目前周知的能够大量购买到的市售的能够实际大量使用的用于紫外光波段的光催化剂是著名的气相二氧化钛P25；气相二氧化钛P25其具体技术含义，业内人士都知道，在这里不展开赘述；气相二氧化钛P25的平均粒径是21纳米；气相二氧化钛P25性能不算最优，但是，其性能稳定，关键是可以在市场上大量购买得到，并可以在工业规模上大量使用，因此，光催化专业实验室里也常常用P25催化剂来作为衡量各种自制光催化剂催化性能的参照指针或对比指针，事实上，鉴于紫外光催化降解反应的特点，分散度越高的光催化剂，越是适合该型反应的需要，也就是说，平均粒径在21纳米左右的光催化剂其所能够提供的触媒界面面积、抗沉降能力、催化性能长期稳定性等等方面，综合而言，是最理想的。简单地讲，目前，价廉物美，能够实际大量购买、使用的现成的市售的商品级的紫外光波段的光催化剂，就是平均粒径为21纳米的气相二氧化钛P25催化剂；在工业规模的应用层面，这种平均粒径为21纳米的光催化剂是事实上的首选。Professionals engaged in photocatalytic degradation research know that the photochemical degradation reaction stimulated by ultraviolet light mostly uses titanium dioxide particulate catalyst as the catalyst; at present, a wide variety of photodegradation agents based on the photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide have been developed at the laboratory level. Microparticle catalysts, of course, the photodegradation catalysts formed by these different preparation methods have various particle sizes; the photocatalysts made by different preparation methods have a particle size as small as 20 nanometers, as large as 100,000 nanometers, that is, 100 microns. , among them there is no shortage of photocatalyst varieties with excellent performance; however, due to the constraints of long-term performance stability evaluation, preparation cost, market expansion and other factors, the supply capacity of most of the photocatalysts is limited to the laboratory level, while There is no large-scale commercial production level; the commercially available photocatalyst that can be purchased in large quantities and can be used in large quantities for ultraviolet light is the famous gas phase titanium dioxide P25; the specific technical meaning of gas phase titanium dioxide P25, People in the industry know that they will not go into details here; the average particle size of fumed titanium dioxide P25 is 21 nanometers; the performance of fumed titanium dioxide P25 is not optimal, but its performance is stable, the key is that it can be purchased in large quantities in the market, and can be purchased in It is widely used on an industrial scale. Therefore, P25 catalysts are often used in professional photocatalytic laboratories as a reference or comparison pointer to measure the catalytic performance of various self-made photocatalysts. In fact, in view of the characteristics of ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation reactions, the degree of dispersion The higher the photocatalyst, the more suitable it is for this type of reaction, that is to say, the photocatalyst with an average particle size of about 21 nanometers can provide catalyst interface area, anti-sedimentation ability, long-term stability of catalytic performance, etc. , on the whole, is the most ideal. To put it simply, at present, the photocatalysts that are cheap and good, and can be purchased and used in large quantities in the commercially available commercial grade in the ultraviolet light band are the gas-phase titanium dioxide P25 catalysts with an average particle size of 21 nanometers; the application on an industrial scale At the level, this photocatalyst with an average particle size of 21 nanometers is the de facto first choice.
上文已述及，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其用于拦截光催化剂的膜组件，是以升腾气泡的冲刷来剥离膜组件表面所吸附、沉积的催化剂微粒，然而，该种以升腾气泡冲刷的方式其冲刷力、清洁力太弱，以至于根本无法应对更小孔径的滤膜，因此，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径被限定在0.1微米-0.2微米之间微滤滤孔级别，换个计量单位来说，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径被限定在100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔级别，这是没有商量余地的必然选择；该案无可选择的100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔当然无法拦截如上所述的平均粒径为21纳米的气相二氧化钛P25颗粒；那么，如果使用P25光催化剂，该催化剂将完全无法拦截，并流入所谓的净水中，形成二次污染，当然也造成催化剂的严重损失和无法再用；即便是使用其它品种的为此而特制的大粒径的二氧化钛光催化剂，其使用过程中因相互碰撞或与器壁碰撞，必然也会产生大量小粒径碎片，其中粒径小于100纳米的碎片，同样不能被100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔所拦截，这些小碎片也会透过其膜组件进入所谓的净水之中，形成二次污染。As mentioned above, the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A is used to intercept the photocatalyst membrane assembly, which is to peel off the catalyst particles adsorbed and deposited on the surface of the membrane assembly by scouring the rising bubbles. However, this kind The scouring force and cleaning force are too weak to cope with the filter membrane with smaller pore size in the way of rising bubble scouring. Therefore, in this case, the pore size of the filter membrane is limited to between 0.1 micron and 0.2 micron. Filter pore level, to change the unit of measurement, in this case device, the filter membrane pore size is limited to the microfiltration filter pore level between 100nm and 200nm, which is an inevitable choice without room for negotiation; there is no choice in this case Of course, the microfiltration filter holes between 100 nanometers and 200 nanometers cannot intercept the above-mentioned fumed titanium dioxide P25 particles with an average particle size of 21 nanometers; In the purified water, secondary pollution is formed, which of course also causes serious loss of the catalyst and can no longer be used; The wall collision will inevitably produce a large number of small particle size fragments, among which the particle size is less than 100 nanometers, which cannot be intercepted by the microfiltration filter holes between 100 nanometers and 200 nanometers, and these small fragments will also pass through its membrane. Components enter the so-called clean water, causing secondary pollution.
可见，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其针对光催化剂微粒的拦截结构方案以及相关膜组件的清洁方案都不理想。It can be seen that in the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the interception structure scheme for photocatalyst particles and the cleaning scheme for related membrane modules are not ideal.
因此，如何在兼收并蓄该案优点的前提之下，达成针对光催化剂微粒的精细的拦截和回收再用，是一个很值得深思的重要课题，此为问题之二。Therefore, how to achieve fine interception and recycling of photocatalyst particles on the premise of incorporating the advantages of this case is an important topic worth pondering, and this is the second question.
问题之三：Question 3:
我们知道，液态水体其本身也能够吸收微波的能量，并导致被处理的液态水体其本身的温升效应，而这种伴随废水处理过程而出现的温升效应，却不是我们所期待的情形，换句话说，来自磁控管的微波能量没有完全被用于激发无极紫外灯，而有相当一部分本应只用于激发无极紫外灯的微波能量被耗散于所述的温升效应，该种不受待见的温升效应造成了不必要的微波能量浪费，鉴于上述公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案所展示的装置结构方案，其合理的途径，只能是通过减少微波光催化反应器的体积或者说减少单罐处理容量来来达成弱化微波多余耗散的目的，关于这一点，在该CN102260003A申请案其具体实施方式中清晰表达了关于该装置结构整体的适宜尺寸，其所表达的优选尺寸对应的就是一个外形很小的装置，那么，如此一来，反应器内壁与微波辐射源的距离小了，与微波接触的废水量小了，废水所吸收的微波能量相对也小了，与之相对应地，单罐的废水处理量因此也小了，更具体地说，其实施例中所表达的装置适宜尺寸所对应的内部容积是40升，也即单罐废水处理量是40升，即0.04立方，换句话说，其一次全套、全程操作只解决了0.04立方的工业废水，那么，就需要进行很多次的由首至尾的全套操作的重复，其处理量的累加才具有工业规模的意义，打个比方说，只是个大致的比方，该案其优选结构尺寸大致对应的单罐0.04立方这样的废水处理量，需要重复1000次的由首至尾的全套、全程操作，其累加量，才能达到40立方这样一个具有工业水平的的废水处理量，如此过度繁琐的重复操作将导致人力、物力的严重浪费，可见，该种由CN102260003A所展示的方案其实际的废水降解处理效率可能不能尽如人意。因此，如何在不造成更多微波能量浪费或减少微波能量浪费的前提下，增加单罐废水处理量，减少该间歇式废水处理装置的不必要的太多的由首至尾的重复操作次数，提高其废水处理效率，是一个有意义的值得关注的技术问题，此为问题之三。We know that the liquid water itself can also absorb microwave energy and cause the temperature rise effect of the treated liquid water itself, but this temperature rise effect accompanying the wastewater treatment process is not what we expect. In other words, the microwave energy from the magnetron is not completely used to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, but a considerable part of the microwave energy that should only be used to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is dissipated due to the temperature rise effect. The unwelcome temperature rise effect has caused unnecessary waste of microwave energy. In view of the device structure scheme shown in the above-mentioned Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the only reasonable way is to reduce the microwave photocatalytic reactor. In other words, the volume of the single tank is reduced to achieve the purpose of weakening the redundant dissipation of microwaves. Regarding this point, in the specific implementation of the CN102260003A application, the appropriate size of the overall structure of the device is clearly expressed, and the expressed The preferred size corresponds to a device with a very small shape. In this way, the distance between the inner wall of the reactor and the microwave radiation source is small, the amount of waste water in contact with the microwave is small, and the microwave energy absorbed by the waste water is relatively small. Correspondingly, the waste water treatment capacity of a single tank is therefore also small. More specifically, the internal volume corresponding to the suitable size of the device expressed in its embodiment is 40 liters, that is, the waste water treatment capacity of a single tank is 40 liters. liter, that is, 0.04 cubic meters. In other words, its one-time full-scale operation only solves 0.04 cubic meters of industrial wastewater. Then, it is necessary to repeat the whole set of operations many times from the beginning to the end. The meaning of industrial scale, for example, is just a rough example. The preferred structural size of this case roughly corresponds to a wastewater treatment capacity of 0.04 cubic meters in a single tank, which needs to be repeated 1,000 times from the beginning to the end. Its accumulative volume can only reach 40 cubic meters of waste water with an industrial level. Such excessively cumbersome repeated operations will lead to serious waste of manpower and material resources. It can be seen that the actual waste water degradation treatment of this kind of scheme shown by CN102260003A Efficiency may not be as good as desired. Therefore, under the premise of not causing more waste of microwave energy or reducing the waste of microwave energy, how to increase the wastewater treatment capacity of a single tank and reduce the unnecessary number of repeated operations from the beginning to the end of the intermittent wastewater treatment device, Improving its wastewater treatment efficiency is a meaningful technical issue worthy of attention, and this is the third issue.
问题之四：Question 4:
该种由CN102260003A所展示的方案，其反应罐内部漫布升腾的气泡，对于推动反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动，贡献稍显不足；当然，该不足之处，对于CN102260003A方案如其具体实施方式中清晰表达的事实上对应的小尺寸、小容量装置来说，几乎没有什么可观测的影响。从工业规模的应用需求来看，小尺寸的不能扩张处理量的装置当然没有多大的吸引力；那么，作为一种可能性，倘若有某种方式能够实现处理量的大幅扩张，此情形下，反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动其重要性就会自然地凸显出来；设想一下这种处理量大幅扩张的可能性，那么，如何强化反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动，当然就是个问题，此为问题之四。This kind of scheme shown by CN102260003A, its reaction tank interior diffuses the rising bubble, contributes slightly to the relatively large-scale circulation motion of the liquid inside the reaction tank; certainly, this deficiency is as specific to the CN102260003A scheme What is articulated in the implementation actually has little observable effect for small size, low capacity devices. From the perspective of industrial-scale application requirements, small-sized devices that cannot expand the processing capacity are of course not very attractive; then, as a possibility, if there is a way to achieve a large expansion of processing capacity, in this case, The importance of the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reaction tank will naturally be highlighted; imagine the possibility of a large expansion of the processing capacity, then how to strengthen the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reaction tank, of course That's a problem, and this is the fourth problem.
问题之五：Question five:
对于紫外光波段的光化学催化氧化反应来说，有以下这么几个要素会影响到该种氧化反应的效率，其一是紫外光波长、强度，其二是光催化剂的粒径、单位体积反应液中光催化剂的使用量、光催化剂其自身的催化性能等等，其三是被氧化对象即水体中有机物的浓度、有机物分子结构其自身所决定的氧化难易程度等等，其四是氧气气氛的充足程度，在其它条件相同的情况下，氧气气氛的充足程度，就会成为影响光化学催化氧化降解能力的一个举足轻重的要素。For the photochemical catalytic oxidation reaction in the ultraviolet band, the following factors will affect the efficiency of the oxidation reaction, one is the wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet light, and the other is the particle size of the photocatalyst and the reaction solution per unit volume. The amount of photocatalyst used in the medium, the catalytic performance of the photocatalyst itself, etc., the third is the concentration of organic matter in the water body, the difficulty of oxidation determined by the molecular structure of the organic matter, etc., and the fourth is the oxygen atmosphere The degree of adequacy of the oxygen atmosphere, under other conditions being the same, the degree of adequacy of the oxygen atmosphere will become a decisive factor affecting the ability of photochemical catalytic oxidation degradation.
如CN102260003A所展示的方案，其安置于反应器内腔下部的众多微孔曝气头漫布在底部，并借由其所称的布水板，使得这种微孔曝气头漫布安排的效果变得更甚，当然，这对于使用相对容易沉降的大颗粒的微米级的光催化剂的情形而言，的确存在其有利的一面，但是，从另一面来看，这种微孔曝气头漫布安排的方式，氧气气氛的供给过于分散，而实际上最需要强化供氧的区域的是光化学催化氧化的最有效区域，由于短波紫外线在液态水体中的有效穿透深度只有20厘米左右，因此，最需要强化供氧以促进光化学催化氧化进程的有效区域实际上就是在石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域，换句话说，石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域是真正需要强化氧气气氛供给保障的区域，这个区域氧气气氛供给越强，氧化反应也就进行得越快；尤其特别地，以微波激励方式来产生无极紫外发射，其特点就是可以做到大功率、高强度，这是无极紫外灯这种灯型的强项，然而，正因为其紫外辐射的高功率、高强度，就更需要以强大的氧气气氛供给能力进行匹配，否则的话，那个强大的紫外辐射能力就真的是大部分被浪费了。上文已经述及，如CN102260003A所展示的方案，诸多因素限制了它的反应器尺寸，限制了它的实际处理容量，就如其具体实施例中清楚地表明的那样，那只能是一个单罐单次处理量只有40升左右的小反应器，在这样的小反应器、小内腔的情况下，因为尺寸本身就很小，那么，它在光化学催化氧化有效区域供氧集中度方面的欠缺，就不会那么明显，甚至可以忽略不计，更甚至完全可以看做是一个根本不存在的问题，面对那样的小尺寸的小反应器，关于供氧集中度方面的欠缺问题，根本就不可能浮上脑际；但是，设想一下，倘若能够克服所述诸多限制因素，倘若能够有办法实际构建一个大型、大处理量的反应器，那么上述石英管周边20厘米距离之内有效区域供氧强化问题就会凸现出来，尤其对于使用无极紫外灯作为紫外辐射源的情况，上述石英管周边20厘米距离之内有效区域供氧强化问题更加不容藐视，因此，如何在可能的大型无极紫外光催化氧化降解反应器的构建之中，增强所述有效区域的供氧集中度、提高废水降解设备的效能，就是个需要盯住的问题，此为问题之五。As shown in the scheme of CN102260003A, the numerous microporous aeration heads placed in the lower part of the reactor cavity are distributed on the bottom, and by means of the so-called water distribution plate, the arrangement of the microporous aeration heads is diffused. The effect becomes even worse. Of course, this does have its favorable side for the situation of using relatively easy-to-settling large-particle micron-scale photocatalysts. However, from the other side, this microporous aeration head In the way of diffuse arrangement, the supply of oxygen atmosphere is too scattered, but in fact the area most in need of enhanced oxygen supply is the most effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation. Since the effective penetration depth of short-wave ultraviolet rays in liquid water is only about 20 cm, Therefore, the effective area that needs to strengthen the oxygen supply to promote the process of photochemical catalytic oxidation is actually the area within about 20 cm around the quartz tube, in other words, the area within about 20 cm around the quartz tube is the area that really needs Strengthen the area where the oxygen atmosphere supply is guaranteed. The stronger the oxygen atmosphere supply in this area, the faster the oxidation reaction will proceed; especially, the use of microwave excitation to generate infinite ultraviolet emission is characterized by high power and high intensity. , this is the strong point of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp. However, because of the high power and high intensity of its ultraviolet radiation, it needs to be matched with a strong oxygen atmosphere supply capacity, otherwise, the strong ultraviolet radiation capacity will be It really is mostly wasted. As mentioned above, in the scheme shown in CN102260003A, many factors limit its reactor size and limit its actual processing capacity. As clearly shown in its specific examples, it can only be a single tank A small reactor with a single treatment volume of only about 40 liters, in the case of such a small reactor and small inner cavity, because the size itself is very small, then it lacks in the concentration of oxygen supply in the effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation , it will not be so obvious, it can even be ignored, and it can even be regarded as a problem that does not exist at all. In the face of such a small-sized small reactor, the problem of lack of concentration of oxygen supply is not at all It may come to mind; however, imagine that if the above-mentioned many limiting factors can be overcome, and if there is a way to actually build a large-scale, large-capacity reactor, then the problem of strengthening the oxygen supply in the effective area within a distance of 20 cm around the above-mentioned quartz tube It will be highlighted, especially for the situation of using an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp as an ultraviolet radiation source, the problem of strengthening the oxygen supply in the effective area within a distance of 20 cm around the above-mentioned quartz tube cannot be ignored. In the construction of the reactor, enhancing the concentration of oxygen supply in the effective area and improving the efficiency of the wastewater degradation equipment is a problem that needs to be focused on, and this is the fifth problem.
问题之六：Question six:
该CN102260003A方案将空气泵入内含无极紫外灯的石英管之内，达成无极紫外灯的通风降温、冷却的目的，而那些流动经过石英管的空气，因受紫外线的照射，有一部分空气会转变为臭氧，因此，从石英管中流出的空气当然就是含有一些臭氧的空气，该方案将该含臭氧空气传输到位于反应器下方微孔曝气头，并从微孔曝气头释出，在这些含臭氧气泡自下而上的升腾过程中，其中所含的臭氧会与路程之中遇到的有机分子遭遇并发生氧化还原反应，这一氧化还原反应当然会消耗一部分臭氧，这是没有疑问的，但是，上文已经述及，如CN102260003A所展示的方案，必然存在的无法忽视的诸多的因素限制了它的反应器尺寸，限制了它的实际处理容量，就如其具体实施例中清楚地表明的那样，那只能是一个单罐单次处理量只有40升左右的小反应器，在这样的小反应器、小内腔的情况下，因为总体尺寸本身就很小，那么，其反应器内腔的纵向尺寸或者满打满算地视作盛液深度也只能是一个很小的尺寸，这个尺寸如其具体实施方式之中所清楚地表明的，只有大约40厘米，满打满算盛液深度也就只有40厘米，实际上盛液深度当然要小于这个数，就以40厘米的盛液深度来分析，那么，这个40厘米的盛液深度是个什么概念呢？那就是说，含臭氧空气升腾通过废水的路径只有短短的40厘米，这个路径太短了，含臭氧空气气泡飞快地穿越仅仅只有40厘米深的水体，与水体接触时间太短了，气泡中所含的臭氧，只能有很小的一部分被用于氧化降解有机物，而大部分的臭氧实际上只是简单地路过液体，从液面上逸出并经尾气排放口排空，简单地说，这些臭氧的氧化作用潜力大部分被浪费了，并且，逸出的、被浪费的臭氧实际上会造成不必要的空气污染；本案主要发明人曾以普通家用臭氧机经由微孔曝气头向一米深的储水池中打入含臭氧空气，在水深深度达一米的情况下，仍然能够在水面附近明显嗅到臭氧的气味，可见，那种40厘米深的盛液深度，显然是不足以完全利用臭氧；可见，对于无极紫外光化学催化废水降解反应器这种类型的设备来说，臭氧利用不完全的问题也需要关注，显然，人们更期待的是臭氧利用更完全、污染性尾气排放更少的无极紫外废水降解反应器，此为问题之六。The CN102260003A scheme pumps air into the quartz tube containing the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to achieve the purpose of ventilation, cooling and cooling of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, and the air flowing through the quartz tube will be partially transformed due to the irradiation of ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the air flowing out of the quartz tube is of course air containing some ozone. This scheme transmits the ozone-containing air to the microporous aeration head located below the reactor, and releases it from the microporous aeration head. During the bottom-up rise of these ozone-containing bubbles, the ozone contained in it will encounter the organic molecules encountered in the journey and undergo a redox reaction. Of course, this redox reaction will consume part of the ozone. There is no doubt about it. However, as mentioned above, as the scheme shown in CN102260003A, many factors that cannot be ignored inevitably limit its reactor size and limit its actual processing capacity, as clearly shown in its specific examples As indicated, it can only be a small reactor with a single treatment capacity of only about 40 liters in a single tank. In the case of such a small reactor and a small inner cavity, because the overall size itself is very small, then its reaction The longitudinal size of the inner cavity of the device or the depth of filling the liquid can only be a very small size. As clearly shown in its specific implementation, this size is only about 40 centimeters, and the depth of filling the liquid is only about 40 centimeters. 40 centimeters, in fact, the depth of the liquid is of course smaller than this number, so it is analyzed based on the depth of the liquid of 40 cm. Then, what is the concept of the depth of the liquid of 40 cm? That is to say, the path of the ozone-containing air rising through the wastewater is only a short 40 cm. This path is too short, and the ozone-containing air bubbles quickly pass through the water body that is only 40 cm deep. The contact time with the water body is too short. Only a small part of the contained ozone can be used to oxidize and degrade organic matter, while most of the ozone simply passes through the liquid, escapes from the liquid surface and is emptied through the exhaust outlet. Simply put, Most of the oxidation potential of these ozone is wasted, and the escaped and wasted ozone will actually cause unnecessary air pollution; Ozone-containing air is injected into a water storage tank with a depth of one meter. When the water depth reaches one meter, the smell of ozone can still be clearly smelled near the water surface. It can be seen that the liquid depth of 40 cm is obviously not enough. Complete utilization of ozone; it can be seen that for the type of equipment such as infinite ultraviolet photochemical catalytic wastewater degradation reactor, the problem of incomplete utilization of ozone also needs attention. Obviously, people expect more complete utilization of ozone and more polluting exhaust emissions. There are few infinite ultraviolet wastewater degradation reactors, which is the sixth problem.
问题之七：Question seven:
废水催化降解反应器其运作，需要消耗能量，因此，操作人员一定会希望，当废水降解反应进行到终点时，能够不偏不倚地、不过早也不过晚地即时地停止向反应器内部继续注入能量；停止注入能量的时刻倘若过早，则废水降解不完全；而如果早已达到反应终点，却仍然继续地向反应器内部注入能量，那毫无疑问是在浪费宝贵的能源。作为本案技术背景的CN102260003A方案其结构不能对废水降解反应终点时刻给出任何的即时的信息，那么，就只能靠经验来估计废水降解反应的终点；而靠经验来估计废水降解反应的终点，那显然不能令人满意；那么，如何针对废水降解反应终点时刻作出既不提前也无延迟的即时的信息输出，并在恰到好处的时刻即时地关闭对反应器的能量输入，就是一个不可藐视的技术门槛，此为问题之七。The operation of the wastewater catalytic degradation reactor needs to consume energy. Therefore, the operator will definitely hope that when the wastewater degradation reaction reaches the end, it can be impartial, neither too early nor too late to stop the continuous injection into the reactor. Energy; if the time to stop injecting energy is too early, the degradation of wastewater will not be complete; and if the end of the reaction has already been reached, but still continue to inject energy into the reactor, it is undoubtedly a waste of precious energy. As the structure of the CN102260003A scheme of the technical background of this case, any instant information cannot be given to the terminal moment of the wastewater degradation reaction, so, the terminal point of the wastewater degradation reaction can only be estimated by experience; and the terminal point of the wastewater degradation reaction is estimated by experience, That is obviously unsatisfactory; then, how to make an immediate information output that is neither advanced nor delayed for the end point of the wastewater degradation reaction, and immediately shut down the energy input to the reactor at just the right moment is a technology that cannot be underestimated Threshold, this is the seventh question.
问题之八：Question Eight:
接受微波光催化降解处理的所述工业废水，其中难免夹杂一些缘自机械系统磨耗过程的金属微粒以及碳粒之类的物质，即便数量微小，其存在几乎难以避免，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案中的所述有机质膜分离组件装设于微波光催化反应区，其中的装设在石英管与膜分离组件之间的用于阻隔紫外线的隔板当然阻挡不了微波，如此，微波的实际作用区域必然覆盖该方案中所述有机质膜分离组件所装设区域，基于膜分离组件的工作机制，如上所述的金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒其在膜分离组件有机质表层的积淀过程难以避免，而此类所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒，恰恰是微波能量的良好吸收介质，吸收了微波能量的积淀态的所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒，自然会对其紧贴的有机质膜分离组件的表层产生基于热透蚀机制的持续的洞穿破坏，如上所述，由于该CN102260003A申请案其装置的结构决定了只能选用聚偏氟乙烯膜材，该聚偏氟乙烯膜材耐温约140摄氏度，比一般膜材耐温确实高不少，然而，吸收了微波能量的积淀态的所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒其点状洞穿式的热透蚀作用十分容易突破该聚偏氟乙烯膜材的耐温温限，由于上述原因，可想而知，该CN102260003A申请案其装置中的PVDF膜材其实际使用寿命将大大低于所期待的理想的使用寿命，该CN102260003A申请案其装置的结构，决定了在该结构框架下，上述点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题无法回避；因此，如何绕开该点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题，亦需思量，此为问题之八。The industrial wastewater subjected to microwave photocatalytic degradation treatment is inevitably mixed with some metal particles and carbon particles derived from the wear process of the mechanical system. Even if the amount is small, its existence is almost unavoidable. The organic matter membrane separation module in the patent application is installed in the microwave photocatalytic reaction area, and the partition plate for blocking ultraviolet rays installed between the quartz tube and the membrane separation module cannot block the microwave, so the microwave The actual action area must cover the installation area of the organic matter membrane separation module mentioned in the scheme. Based on the working mechanism of the membrane separation module, the deposition process of the above-mentioned metal particles and carbon particles on the surface of the organic matter of the membrane separation module It is unavoidable, and such particles such as metal particles and carbon particles are just good absorbing media for microwave energy, and particles such as metal particles and carbon particles that have absorbed microwave energy in a precipitated state will naturally The surface layer of the organic membrane separation module that is closely attached to it produces continuous penetration damage based on the thermal penetration mechanism. As mentioned above, due to the structure of the device in the CN102260003A application, only polyvinylidene fluoride membrane materials can be used. The temperature resistance of vinyl fluoride film is about 140 degrees Celsius, which is indeed much higher than that of ordinary film materials. However, the metal particles and carbon particles in the deposited state that have absorbed microwave energy have a point-shaped hole-like heat penetration. Corrosion is very easy to break through the temperature-resistant temperature limit of the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. Due to the above reasons, it is conceivable that the actual service life of the PVDF membrane in the device of the CN102260003A application will be much lower than the expected ideal service life, the structure of the device in the CN102260003A application determines that under the framework of this structure, the above-mentioned point-like penetration-type thermal penetration damage problem cannot be avoided; therefore, how to bypass the point-like penetration-type thermal penetration damage Questions also need to be considered, this is the eighth question.
问题之九：Question nine:
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其说明书公开文本正文第0008段文字及权利要求第二项，对于其装置所能适用的催化剂粒径范围，有一个限定，该粒径范围限定为20纳米至100微米。我们知道，在某些PH值预先调节不到位、PH值不恰当的情况下，二氧化钛微粒容易发生团聚，进而影响其有效工作界面面积，影响其光催化效能；尤其对于该粒径范围之中的那些相对较小粒径的区段，更是容易出现因PH值预调不到位、PH值不恰当而导致的团聚问题；对于这种催化剂微粒团聚的情况，是必须即时地采取有效措施，进行针对团聚体的解聚运作；然而，我们在该CN102260003A方案之中，没有看到任何的有助于即时地化解这一问题的结构或能够即时地化解该问题的方案提示。对于如CN102260003A方案那般因诸多因素限制而只能是小尺寸结构的反应器，尚可以人工直接提起反应器，进行倾倒并在反应器外部检视、处理上述团聚情况，那么，倘若有可能扩张其容量，只是打个比方说，倘若是数个立方到数十个立方的大型反应器或巨型反应器，那显然不是手工倾倒其操作所能够对付的问题了，那么，对于这种催化剂微粒相互团聚的情况，如何实现即时原位处置，就是一个技术问题，此为问题之九。The Chinese patent application whose publication number is CN102260003A has a limitation on the particle size range of the catalyst applicable to its device, and the particle size range is limited to 20 nanometers to 100 microns. We know that in some cases where the pH value is not pre-adjusted in place and the pH value is inappropriate, titanium dioxide particles are prone to agglomeration, which will affect its effective working interface area and affect its photocatalytic performance; especially for particles in this particle size range Those sections with relatively small particle sizes are more prone to agglomeration problems caused by improper pH value pre-adjustment and inappropriate pH value; for this kind of catalyst particle agglomeration, effective measures must be taken immediately to carry out Aiming at the disaggregation operation of aggregates; however, in the CN102260003A scheme, we have not seen any structure that helps to resolve this problem immediately or a proposal that can immediately resolve this problem. For the reactor that can only be a small-sized structure due to many factors such as the CN102260003A scheme, it is still possible to directly lift the reactor manually, pour it over and inspect and handle the above-mentioned agglomeration situation outside the reactor, so if it is possible to expand its Capacity, just as a metaphor, if it is a large reactor or a giant reactor with several cubic meters to tens of cubic meters, it is obviously not a problem that can be solved by manual dumping. How to realize immediate in-situ disposal is a technical problem, and this is the ninth problem.
问题之十：Question ten:
在该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案所表达的装置结构中，用于屏护无极紫外灯的石英管，其外壁，指的是石英管的外壁，经长时间的与被处理工业废水的接触，难免逐渐积垢，垢积的物质当然主要是不易被光催化反应所触动的无机类杂质，因该机制形成的积垢现象，在设备长时间运行之后很容易被观察到；附着于所述石英管外壁的垢积层，虽然只是薄薄的一层，也足以对无极紫外灯的紫外光辐射造成显著的阻挡，这将导致该微波光催化反应处理装置的实际处理效力大幅减小；其反应器内漫布升腾的气泡因过于分散，冲刷力量较弱，倘若仅依靠该比较分散的气泡来维持石英管表面的光洁，着实是勉为其难，换句话说，该比较分散的气泡，其较弱的冲刷力量尚不足以完全阻挡该石英管表面的积垢进程；在实验室尺度的使用过程中，上述积垢问题不易觉察，但是，在工业应用尺度上，该积垢问题毫无疑问将凸显出来；因此，如何在不拆机的前提下，即时、有效地清除该石英管外壁上的垢积层，维持该微波光催化处理装置的持续的高效率，该问题亦不可忽视，此为问题之十。In the device structure expressed in the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the outer wall of the quartz tube used to screen the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp refers to the outer wall of the quartz tube, which is treated with the treated industrial wastewater for a long time. Contact, it is inevitable to gradually accumulate fouling. Of course, the fouling substances are mainly inorganic impurities that are not easily touched by the photocatalytic reaction. The fouling phenomenon formed by this mechanism is easy to be observed after the equipment has been running for a long time; Although the fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube is only a thin layer, it is enough to significantly block the ultraviolet radiation of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, which will cause the actual treatment efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic reaction treatment device to be greatly reduced; The rising air bubbles in the reactor are too scattered and the flushing force is weak. It is really difficult to maintain the surface of the quartz tube by relying on the relatively dispersed air bubbles. In other words, the more dispersed air bubbles are more The weak scouring force is not enough to completely stop the fouling process on the surface of the quartz tube; during the use of the laboratory scale, the above-mentioned fouling problem is not easy to detect, but, on the industrial application scale, the fouling problem will undoubtedly be eliminated. Therefore, how to immediately and effectively remove the fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube without dismantling the machine, and maintain the continuous high efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic treatment device, this problem cannot be ignored. Question ten.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对上文述及的问题之一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十，研发一种能够一揽子地解决所述系列问题的新型的废水微波光催化降解处理装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, aiming at one of the problems mentioned above, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten, research and develop a new type that can solve the series of problems in a package Wastewater microwave photocatalytic degradation treatment device.
本发明通过如下方案解决所述技术问题，该方案提供一种物理辅助抗触媒团聚的废水降解用大处理量光催化反应器，该反应器的结构包括一个容器，所述容器其外形轮廓呈立方体形、长方体形、圆柱体形、椭圆柱体形、多棱柱体形、球体形或椭球体形，在所述容器内腔的底部位置装设有许多的微孔曝气头，以及，石英管，该石英管架设在所述容器的内腔位置，该石英管的两端装设有封堵盖头，分别位于石英管两端的所述封堵盖头上均开设有通气接口，以及，无极紫外灯，该无极紫外灯呈棒状、环状、球状、海星状或海胆状，该无极紫外灯的数量至少在一个以上，该数量至少在一个以上的无极紫外灯均架设在所述石英管的内部，以及，空气泵，该空气泵装设于所述容器的外部，所述石英管其一端封堵盖头上的通气接口经由通气管道并透过所述容器的壁与所述空气泵的出气口联接，所述石英管其另一端封堵盖头上的通气接口经由另一条通气管道与位于所述容器内腔底部的微孔曝气头联接，以及，微波发生器，该微波发生器装设于所述容器的外部，该微波发生器是磁控管，以及，波导管，该波导管是用于传输微波的构件，该波导管的一端与所述磁控管联通，该波导管的另一端透过所述容器的壁朝向所述容器的内腔，以及，水泵，该水泵用于向所述容器的内腔泵送含有机污染物的所述废水，该水泵位于所述容器的外部，该水泵的出水口经由通水管道并透过所述容器的壁通向所述容器的内腔，所述容器的顶部开设有尾气排放口，重点是，该波导管的透过所述容器的壁的那一端进一步延伸进入所述容器的内腔，该深入所述容器内腔的波导管的那一端并且再进一步透过所述石英管的一个封堵盖头探入石英管的内部，以及，该反应器的结构还包括金属材质的笼状的微波约束器，该笼状的微波约束器上含有许多的孔洞或网眼，该笼状的微波约束器的功能是约束微波，遏制其无益耗散，同时，允许大部分紫外光穿透，该笼状的微波约束器的装设位置位于所述石英管的内部，该笼状的微波约束器其内腔与所述波导管的探入石英管的那一端联通，所述架设在石英管内部的无极紫外灯均被所述笼状的微波约束器裹在其中，以及，循环引导器，该循环引导器的功能是聚束来自微孔曝气头的含臭氧空气气泡的升腾路径，并借助因受聚束而强化的升腾的气泡流的拖拽力量来带领所述容器内部液体作相对大尺度的循环运动，该循环引导器装设在所述容器的内腔位置，该循环引导器其轮廓状似两端贯通的简易喇叭筒，该循环引导器其小口端垂直朝上，该循环引导器其大口端垂直朝下，该循环引导器其中轴线与所述容器的内腔底面相互垂直，该循环引导器的垂直朝上的小口端其结构位置是在所述石英管的正下方，该循环引导器的垂直朝下的大口端其边沿与所述容器内壁之间的横向距离介于5厘米与300厘米之间，该循环引导器的垂直朝下的大口端其边沿与所述容器内腔底面之间的纵向距离介于5厘米与100厘米之间，以及，所述许多的微孔曝气头是聚拢地装设在所述循环引导器其大口端边沿在所述容器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内，以及，增压泵，该增压泵用于增压泵送混有大量催化剂微粒的降解之后的水，该增压泵其进水口经由另一条通水管道并透过所述容器的壁与所述容器的内腔联接，以及，反冲洗式前置预过滤器，该反冲洗式前置预过滤器其进水口与所述增压泵的出水口联接，以及，反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其净水出口经由第一个净水阀与该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的进水口联接，以及，反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其净水出口经由第二个净水阀与该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其净水出口与第三个净水阀的进口端联接，该第三个净水阀的出水端是输出终端净水的出水端，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其污水出口经由第一个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其污水出口经由第二个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其污水出口经由第三个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，各所述过滤器均用于截留催化剂微粒，各所述过滤器其污水出口均转用为受截留催化剂微粒的回收再用输出口或回流再用输出口，以及，臭氧传感器，该臭氧传感器其取样管的取样端口邻近所述尾气排放口或探入所述尾气排放口的内部，以及，臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构，该臭氧传感器经由第一条电缆与该臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构联接，以及，电源控制器，该臭氧传感器其输出电讯号经由第二条电缆与该电源控制器联接，该电源控制器经由第三条电缆与所述磁控管联接，该电源控制器经由第四条电缆与所述空气泵联接，该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器，以及，超声波换能器，该容器内腔底面由周边向中心区域逐渐洼陷，所述洼陷其坡度介于5度与35度之间，该超声波换能器是贴附地装设在该容器内腔底面其洼陷最深处所对应的那部分容器底壁的外侧面位置或内侧面位置，以及，高频振荡电讯号传输电缆，该高频振荡电讯号传输电缆的一端与该超声波换能器联接，以及，高频振荡电讯号发生器，所述高频振荡电讯号传输电缆的另一端与该高频振荡电讯号发生器联接。The present invention solves the technical problem through the following solution. The solution provides a physically assisted anti-catalyst agglomeration wastewater degradation photocatalytic reactor with a large processing capacity. The structure of the reactor includes a container, and the outline of the container is a cube. shape, cuboid, cylinder, ellipse, polygon, sphere or ellipsoid, many microporous aeration heads are installed at the bottom of the container cavity, and quartz tubes, the quartz The tube is erected at the inner cavity of the container, the two ends of the quartz tube are provided with plugging caps, and the plugging caps located at both ends of the quartz tube are respectively provided with ventilation ports, and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, the electrodeless The ultraviolet lamp is rod-shaped, ring-shaped, spherical, starfish-shaped or sea urchin-shaped, and the number of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is at least one, and the number of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is at least one, and the number of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is set inside the quartz tube, and the air pump, the air pump is installed on the outside of the container, one end of the quartz tube blocks the vent port on the cover head and connects with the air outlet of the air pump through the vent pipe and through the wall of the container. The other end of the quartz tube blocks the ventilation interface on the cover head and connects with the microporous aeration head located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the container through another ventilation pipe, and a microwave generator, which is installed on the bottom of the container. Externally, the microwave generator is a magnetron, and a waveguide, which is a component for transmitting microwaves, one end of the waveguide communicates with the magnetron, and the other end of the waveguide passes through the The wall of the container faces the inner cavity of the container, and a water pump, which is used to pump the waste water containing organic pollutants to the inner cavity of the container, is located outside the container, and the outlet of the water pump is The water port leads to the inner cavity of the container through the water pipe and through the wall of the container. The top of the container is provided with an exhaust gas discharge port. The point is that the end of the waveguide that passes through the wall of the container Further extending into the inner cavity of the container, the end of the waveguide that goes deep into the inner cavity of the container and further penetrates into the inside of the quartz tube through a plugging head of the quartz tube, and the reactor's The structure also includes a cage-shaped microwave confinement device made of metal, which contains many holes or meshes. The function of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is to confine microwaves and contain their unwanted dissipation. At the same time, it allows Most of the ultraviolet light penetrates, and the installation position of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is located inside the quartz tube, and the inner cavity of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device communicates with the end of the waveguide protruding into the quartz tube , the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp erected inside the quartz tube is all wrapped in the cage-shaped microwave confinement device, and the circulation guide, the function of the circulation guide is to focus the ozone-containing air from the microporous aeration head The rising path of the air bubbles, and the drag force of the rising bubble flow strengthened by the bunching to lead the liquid inside the container to make a relatively large-scale circulation movement, the circulation guide is installed in the container The position of the cavity, the contour of the circulation guide is like a simple trumpet with two ends through, the small mouth end of the circulation guide is vertically upward, and the large mouth of the circulation guide is vertical. The mouth end is vertically downward, the central axis of the circulation guide is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the container, and the vertically upward small mouth end of the circulation guide is located directly below the quartz tube. The circulation guide The horizontal distance between the edge of the vertically downward large mouth end of the guide and the inner wall of the container is between 5 cm and 300 cm, and the vertical downward large mouth end of the circulation guide is connected to the bottom surface of the container cavity The longitudinal distance between them is between 5 centimeters and 100 centimeters, and the many microporous aeration heads are gathered and installed on the large mouth end edge of the circulation guide vertically on the bottom surface of the inner chamber of the container. Within the range delineated by the projection, and the booster pump, the booster pump is used to boost pump the degraded water mixed with a large amount of catalyst particles. The water inlet of the booster pump passes through another water pipe and passes through The wall of the container is connected with the inner chamber of the container, and a backwash pre-filter, the water inlet of the backwash pre-filter is connected with the water outlet of the booster pump, and , a backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter, the water outlet of the backwash type pre-prefilter is connected to the water inlet of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter through the first water purification valve, And, the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter, the water purification outlet of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is connected to the inlet of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter through the second water purification valve The outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is connected to the inlet end of the third water purification valve. The sewage outlet of the backwash pre-filter is connected to the inner cavity of the container through the first sewage valve, and the sewage outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is connected to the inner cavity of the container through the second sewage valve. The inner cavity of the container is connected, and the sewage outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is connected with the inner cavity of the container through the third sewage valve. Each of the filters is used to intercept catalyst particles, each Its sewage outlet of the filter is all diverted to the recovery and reuse output port or backflow reuse output port of the trapped catalyst particles, and the ozone sensor, the sampling port of the sampling pipe of the ozone sensor is adjacent to the exhaust gas discharge port or the detection port. Into the interior of the tail gas discharge port, and the ozone content display, ozone warning device or the composite mechanism of the ozone content display and the ozone warning device, the ozone sensor is connected with the ozone content display, the ozone warning device or the ozone content display through the first cable The composite mechanism of the display and the ozone alarm is connected, and the power controller, the output electric signal of the ozone sensor is connected with the power controller through the second cable, and the power controller is connected with the magnetron through the third cable connected, the power controller is connected with the air pump via the fourth cable, the power controller is a power controller capable of performing power switch actions according to the electrical signal it receives, and, the ultrasonic transducer, the The bottom surface of the inner cavity of the container is gradually depressed from the periphery to the central area, and the slope of the depression is between 5 degrees and 35 degrees. The ultrasonic transducer is attached Attached to the outer surface position or inner surface position of the part of the container bottom wall corresponding to the deepest depression on the bottom surface of the container cavity, and the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable, the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable One end is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator, and the other end of the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable is connected with the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator.
超声波换能器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的。The technical meaning of the term ultrasonic transducer itself is known to those skilled in the field of ultrasonic technology.
高频振荡电讯号传输电缆一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable itself is also known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology.
超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆市场均有售；所述超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆等也可向超声波换能器专业厂家及电缆专业厂家定制。Ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables are available in the market; the ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic transducers and cables.
高频振荡电讯号发生器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的；各型高频振荡电讯号发生器均有市售；所述高频振荡电讯号发生器也可向超声波器材专业厂家定制。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator itself is also well known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology; various high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generators are commercially available; the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generation The device can also be customized from a professional manufacturer of ultrasonic equipment.
所涉臭氧传感器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧传感器专业厂家定制。The ozone sensors involved are available in the market; they can also be customized from professional ozone sensor manufacturers as required.
所涉臭氧含量显示器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧含量显示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也销售配套使用的臭氧含量显示器。The ozone content monitor involved is available on the market; it can also be customized from a professional manufacturer of ozone content monitors according to needs; ozone sensor manufacturers usually also sell matching ozone content monitors.
所涉臭氧警示器，指的是以警示声音或警示闪光或警示声音与警示闪光相结合的两者兼而有之的用于警示的机构；臭氧警示器市场有售；也可向臭氧警示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也能够销售配套使用的臭氧警示器。The ozone warning device involved refers to a mechanism for warning with a warning sound or a warning flash or a combination of a warning sound and a warning flash; the ozone warning device is available in the market; it can also be used for the ozone warning device Customized by professional manufacturers; ozone sensor manufacturers can usually also sell matching ozone alarms.
所涉该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；能够根据其所接收的电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器仅就其电路技术本身而言，是已经成熟的、公知的技术；所述电源控制器市场有售；也可利用市售的电源控制器根据需要进行改制；所述电源控制器也可向电源控制器专业制造商定制；电源控制器之类的电子器件其专业制造商遍布全球。The power controller involved is a power controller that can perform power switching actions based on the electrical signals it receives; a power controller that can perform power switching actions based on the electrical signals it receives is only as far as its circuit technology itself is concerned. , is a mature and well-known technology; the power controller is available in the market; the commercially available power controller can also be used to modify according to needs; the power controller can also be customized to a professional manufacturer of power controllers; Professional manufacturers of electronic devices such as controllers are all over the world.
本案表述中，反应罐一词的指代含义与所述容器一词的指代含义相同；所述容器同时当然也是反应器的主要构件之一。In the statement of this case, the meaning of the word reaction tank is the same as that of the word container; the container is of course also one of the main components of the reactor.
所述金属材质一词，其本身的技术含义，是公知的。The technical meaning of the word metal material itself is well known.
所述磁控管，以及，波导器件，其技术含义对于微波技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的。所述磁控管，以及，波导管等，均有市售；所述波导管当然也可以根据需要自行制作，该制作对于微波技术领域的专业人员而言，波导器件的制作是简单的。The technical meaning of the magnetron, as well as the waveguide device, is well known to those skilled in the microwave technology field. The magnetron, waveguide, etc. are commercially available; the waveguide can of course be fabricated by itself as needed, and for professionals in the field of microwave technology, the fabrication of waveguide devices is simple.
所述石英管，其技术含义是公知的；所述石英管市场有售。The technical meaning of the quartz tube is well known; the quartz tube is available in the market.
所述无极紫外灯，其技术含义对于光源技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的；所述无极紫外灯市场有售；所述无极紫外灯其形状、尺寸、内部所填充气体、灯壁材料、灯壁厚度，等等，也可以根据具体设计需要，向电光源制造企业定制。当然，也可以自行制作。无极紫外灯的制作对于具备电光源专业知识的专业人员而言，其制作技术是简单的。Described electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, its technical meaning is well-known for the professional of light source technical field; Described electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is available on the market; Described electrodeless ultraviolet lamp its shape, size, interior filled gas, lamp wall material, The thickness of the lamp wall, etc., can also be customized from electric light source manufacturers according to specific design needs. Of course, you can also make your own. The production of electrodeless ultraviolet lamps is simple for professionals with professional knowledge of electric light sources.
所述水泵以及增压泵，均是用于输送或清或浊的各类水的泵，当然，其泵送压力都可以根据需要来进行任意的选择，并且，各型泵市场均有售；本案采用不同名称，只是为了方便表述、方便区分各个不同结构位置的泵。The water pump and the booster pump are all pumps used to transport various types of water, whether clear or turbid. Of course, the pumping pressure can be selected arbitrarily according to needs, and various types of pumps are available in the market; In this case, different names are used only for the convenience of expression and the convenience of distinguishing pumps with different structural positions.
该笼状的微波约束器其材质可以是任何的选定的金属，但是，鉴于其所处的由强紫外光辐射所形成的臭氧混合气环境，以及，出于尽可能地通过复杂的镜面反射机制最大限度地输出由无极紫外灯所发射的紫外光的考量，适于制作该笼状的微波约束器的优选的金属材质是经过镜面抛光处理的冲孔不锈钢。The material of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device can be any selected metal, however, in view of the ozone gas mixture environment formed by the strong ultraviolet radiation, and the complex specular reflection as much as possible Considering that the mechanism maximizes the output of ultraviolet light emitted by the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, the preferred metal material suitable for making the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is punched stainless steel with mirror polishing treatment.
可以用镜面抛光的冲孔不锈钢板经焊接、拼接或模压工艺制成所述微波约束器。The microwave confinement device can be made by welding, splicing or molding process by using mirror-polished perforated stainless steel plate.
当然也可以用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝编织制成该笼状的微波约束器。Of course, the cage-shaped microwave confinement device can also be braided with mirror-polished stainless steel wires.
为方便针对所述容器内部定期进行的清洗及检修等运作，可以在所述容器的底部开设排污口，该排污口用于排渣、清污，可以在该排污口位置装设排污阀，所述排污阀是用于排污控制的阀门；必要时，可以利用该位于所述容器底部的排污口将所述容器内部液体完全排空。所述排污口以及排污阀不是必须的。In order to facilitate the regular cleaning and maintenance of the inside of the container, a sewage outlet can be provided at the bottom of the container. The sewage outlet is used for slag discharge and cleaning. A sewage valve can be installed at the position of the sewage outlet. The blowdown valve is a valve for blowdown control; if necessary, the blowdown port at the bottom of the container can be used to completely empty the liquid inside the container. The blowdown outlet and the blowdown valve are not necessary.
所述净水阀、污水阀、排污阀，都是水阀，各型水阀市场均有售；关于水阀，该词其本身的技术含义是公知的；本案采用不同的名称，只是为了方便表述、方便区分各个不同结构位置的水阀。The water purification valve, sewage valve, and sewage valve are all water valves, and all types of water valves are available in the market; as for water valves, the technical meaning of the word itself is well known; different names are used in this case just for convenience It is convenient to express and distinguish the water valves in different structural positions.
所述循环引导器的材质不限，所述循环引导器的材质例如可以是聚四氟乙烯材质、玻璃材质、陶瓷材质、金属材质，等等，但是，循环引导器其优选材质是不锈钢。The material of the circulation guide is not limited, for example, the material of the circulation guide may be polytetrafluoroethylene, glass, ceramic, metal, etc. However, the preferred material of the circulation guide is stainless steel.
本案装置中，借助于金属笼对微波辐照空域的隔离与限制作用，在金属笼外壁与所述容器内壁之间的区域，形成了一个微波零辐照区域或微波弱辐照区域，由于微波基本上无法影响到该区域，微波在这一区域因废水的单纯的致热吸收而造成的能量无益耗散得以遏制，如此，无论该区域体积怎样扩大，都是允许的；基于此，本案装置的结构，允许大幅度地扩张所述反应器的单罐设计处理容量，允许大幅度地扩张反应器的体积，当然，是通过金属笼来限制微波辐照空域，并大幅扩张金属笼外壁与所述容器内壁之间的空域的设计体积来实现的。In the device of this case, with the help of the isolation and limitation of the microwave irradiation space by the metal cage, a microwave zero irradiation area or a microwave weak irradiation area is formed in the area between the outer wall of the metal cage and the inner wall of the container. Basically, it cannot affect this area, and the useless dissipation of energy caused by the pure heat absorption of waste water in this area can be contained by microwaves, so no matter how the volume of this area expands, it is allowed; based on this, the device in this case The structure allows the single-tank design processing capacity of the reactor to be greatly expanded, and the volume of the reactor is allowed to be greatly expanded. Of course, the microwave irradiation airspace is limited by the metal cage, and the outer wall of the metal cage and the metal cage are greatly expanded. The design volume of the air space between the inner walls of the container is realized.
本案结构中，所述许多的微孔曝气头是聚拢地装设在所述循环引导器其大口端边沿在所述容器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内。位于所述铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内的所述许多的微孔曝气头，既可以是平铺地装设在所述容器内腔底部所圈定的范围之内，当然，在这个圈定范围之内，也可以采取另一种更为密集的装设方式，所述更为密集的装设方式，指的是，可以将所述许多的微孔曝气头在三维方向上进行堆叠架设，以此方式将它们聚拢形成具有三维堆叠架构的团簇状微孔曝气头集群；该种团簇状微孔曝气头集群可以容纳数量较为庞大的微孔曝气头；该种方式可以承载更大的空气通量。In the structure of this case, the plurality of microporous aeration heads are assembled and installed within the range delineated by the vertical projection of the edge of the large mouth end of the circulation guide on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the container. The many microporous aeration heads located within the delineated range of the vertical projection can be installed in a flat manner within the delineated range of the bottom of the container cavity. Of course, in this delineated Within the range, another more intensive installation method can also be adopted. The more dense installation method refers to that the many microporous aeration heads can be stacked and erected in the three-dimensional direction In this way, they are gathered together to form a cluster of microporous aeration heads with a three-dimensional stacking structure; this kind of clustered microporous aeration head cluster can accommodate a relatively large number of microporous aeration heads; this method can Carries greater air flux.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于5微米与300微米之间，当然，这个优选范围之外的其它前置预过滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于25纳米与1000纳米之间，当然，这个优选范围之外的其它微滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于15纳米与2纳米之间，当然，这个范围之外的其它超滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的。The preferred range of the pore size of the backwash pre-filter is between 5 microns and 300 microns, of course, other pre-filter pore sizes outside this preferred range are also allowed in this case; The preferred range of the filter pore diameter of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is between 25 nanometers and 1000 nanometers, of course, other microfiltration aperture selections outside this preferred range are also allowed in this case; The preferred range of the pore size of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers. Of course, other ultrafiltration pore size options outside this range are also allowed in this case.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器也称反冲洗式前置过滤器或反冲洗式预过滤器，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器市场有售。The backwash type pre-filter is also called the backwash type pre-filter or the backwash type pre-filter, and the technical meaning of the backwash type pre-filter itself is known; Type pre-filters are available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器是适于微滤的过滤器；所述微滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is a filter suitable for microfiltration; the technical meaning of the term microfiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器是适于超滤的过滤器；所述超滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is a filter suitable for ultrafiltration; the technical meaning of the term ultrafiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is available on the market.
在超滤环节，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。In the ultrafiltration link, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter can be in the form of only one backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter; of course, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter can also be It can be composed of more than one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other.
表达所涉并联一词，其本身所指代的技术含义是清楚的。The technical meaning indicated by the term parallel connection itself is clear.
表达所涉单体一词，指的是其本身功能及结构完全的设备个体。The term referring to a unit refers to an individual device with complete functions and structures in itself.
类似地，在微滤环节，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。Similarly, in the microfiltration link, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter can be in the form of only one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter unit; of course, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration The filter can also be composed of more than one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other.
在所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其净水出口与所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口的联接管路上可以进一步装设第二个增压泵，该第二个增压泵用于增补水压以满足所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水压力需求；该第二个增压泵不是必须的。A second booster pump can be further installed on the connecting pipeline between the water outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter and the water inlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter. Two booster pumps are used to supplement the water pressure to meet the water inlet pressure requirement of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter; the second booster pump is not necessary.
所述金属笼其自身结构中遍布着孔洞或网眼，所述孔洞或网眼其口径的优选范围是介于0.5厘米与3.0厘米之间；当然，如果一定要选用在此优选范围之外的其它口径的孔洞或网眼，那也是本案所允许的。Holes or meshes are all over the structure of the metal cage itself, and the preferred range of the diameter of the holes or meshes is between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm; of course, if it is necessary to select other diameters outside this preferred range holes or meshes, that is also allowed in this case.
本案装置的结构，还可以包括一些附件，所述附件例如：与磁控管冷却管道连接的冷却水循环系统或风冷系统；所述附件还例如用于将无极紫外灯固定在所述笼状的微波约束器之内的固定支架；所述附件再例如用于将所述笼状的微波约束器固定在所述石英管之内的支持构件；所述附件当然也可以包括将所述石英管固定在所述容器之内的支架或固定架；所述附件也例如将所述循环引导器在所述容器之内进行悬空定位的固定架、支撑架或吊架；所述附件又例如装设于反应器废水进水端的用于拦截杂质的过滤器，等等。The structure of the device in this case can also include some accessories, such as: a cooling water circulation system or an air cooling system connected to the magnetron cooling pipeline; A fixed bracket within the microwave restraint; the accessory is used to fix the cage-shaped microwave restraint within the quartz tube, for example; the accessory can also include fixing the quartz tube A bracket or a fixing frame within the container; the accessory is also for example a fixing frame, a support frame or a hanger for positioning the circulation guide in the container; the accessory is also for example installed on Filters at the inlet end of the reactor wastewater to intercept impurities, etc.
本发明的优点是，以安置于所述石英管内部的金属材质的笼状的微波约束器，将无极紫外灯包裹于其内腔之中，笼状的微波约束器其内腔并且与深入所述容器内部的波导管联通，所述联通指的是微波通道意义上的联通，藉由该结构，将经由波导管传输而来的微波约束在其有效工作区之内，遏制微波向周边废水水体的无益耗散，本案结构允许反应器大幅扩张其设计容积，允许反应器单罐废水处理量大幅提升，而不用再担心微波能量过多地耗散于无益的废水水体温升效应。The advantage of the present invention is that the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is wrapped in the inner cavity of the metal cage-shaped microwave confinement device placed inside the quartz tube, and the cage-shaped microwave confinement device has an internal cavity and is deeply connected with the inside of the quartz tube. The waveguide inside the container is connected, and the said connection refers to the connection in the sense of the microwave channel. With this structure, the microwave transmitted through the waveguide is confined within its effective working area, and the microwave is prevented from entering the surrounding waste water body. The structure of this case allows the reactor to greatly expand its design volume, allowing the single-tank wastewater treatment capacity of the reactor to be greatly increased, without worrying about excessive dissipation of microwave energy due to the unhelpful temperature rise effect of wastewater.
在采用镜面抛光的冲孔不锈钢制成微波约束器的情况下，以及，在采用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝网笼作为微波约束器的情况下，经由复杂的镜面反射机制，两者均可以最大限度地将来自无极紫外灯的紫外光传输出去，并最大限度地弥补所述微波约束器其自身实体对光线遮挡、吸收所造成的损失。In the case of microwave confinement made of mirror-polished punched stainless steel, and in the case of microwave confinement made of mirror-polished stainless steel wire mesh cage, both can maximize the The ultraviolet light from the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is transmitted out, and the loss caused by the light shielding and absorption by the microwave confinement device itself is compensated to the greatest extent.
基于本案的结构，反应器的设计容积即单罐废水处理量可以扩张到数个立方至数十个立方；甚至单罐数百个立方的容积，也是允许的；基于本案此结构，可以大幅度地降低全套、全程操作的频度，有利于人力、物力的节约。Based on the structure of this case, the design volume of the reactor, that is, the wastewater treatment capacity of a single tank can be expanded to several cubic meters to dozens of cubic meters; even the volume of hundreds of cubic meters per tank is allowed; based on the structure of this case, it can be greatly improved Minimize the frequency of full-set and full-process operations, which is conducive to the saving of manpower and material resources.
另一方面，本案装置结构中的所述循环引导器其存在，能够引导所述容器内部的液流沿该循环引导器的内部通道快速上升，并在冲击、通过石英管周边光催化降解反应区域之后，由顶部区域向四周扩散，经由周边区域下沉，到达所述容器内腔底部区域，再经循环引导器的喇叭口汇聚到循环引导器的内部通道，继续其循环；当然，受聚束的升腾气泡流的拖拽力量是这一循环的主要动力；这种受引导的相对大尺度的液体大循环运动，有助于确保所述容器内部液体降解反应进程的均匀化，这对于本案这般大型降解反应器来说，是必须的。On the other hand, the presence of the circulation guide in the device structure of this case can guide the liquid flow inside the container to rise rapidly along the inner channel of the circulation guide, and pass through the photocatalytic degradation reaction area around the quartz tube After that, it diffuses from the top area to the surrounding area, sinks through the peripheral area, reaches the bottom area of the inner cavity of the container, and then converges to the inner channel of the circulation guide through the bell mouth of the circulation guide to continue its circulation; The drag force of the rising bubble flow is the main driving force of this cycle; this guided relatively large-scale large-scale liquid circulation helps to ensure the uniformity of the liquid degradation reaction process inside the container, which is important for this case. For general large-scale degradation reactors, it is necessary.
本案装置其紫外辐射源是依托微波激励的无极紫外灯，此灯型的紫外辐射特点就是可以做到大功率、高强度，然而紫外线在液态水体中的有效穿透深度只有约20厘米，因此，石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域是有效区域，这个区域就是光化学催化氧化降解反应的有效率的区域；本案装置以所述循环引导器，聚束来自众多微孔曝气头的气泡流，使其集中地朝向石英管周边光化学催化氧化有效区域释放，此方式有助于提高石英管周边所述有效区域的氧气气氛供给强度，有助于加速紫外光催化氧化降解反应进程。The ultraviolet radiation source of the device in this case is a microwave-excited electrodeless ultraviolet lamp. The characteristic of this type of ultraviolet radiation is that it can achieve high power and high intensity. However, the effective penetration depth of ultraviolet rays in liquid water is only about 20 cm. Therefore, The area within a distance of about 20 cm around the quartz tube is the effective area, which is the efficient area of the photochemical catalytic oxidation degradation reaction; the device in this case uses the circulation guide to focus the bubble flow from many microporous aeration heads , so that it is released concentratedly toward the effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation around the quartz tube. This method helps to increase the oxygen atmosphere supply intensity in the effective area around the quartz tube, and helps to accelerate the process of ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation degradation reaction.
基于本案结构，反应器的容量或处理量可以大幅扩张，所述大幅扩张，是通过大幅扩张微波零辐照区域或微波弱辐照区域的设计体积来实现的，那么，从外观上看，反应器的横向尺寸、纵向尺寸当然都是能够大幅扩张，因此，反应器内部盛液深度也同样地可以大幅地加深，例如，可以加深到一米、两米、三米、四米、五米、六米，甚至十米，等等，在盛液深度足够深的情况下，含臭氧空气泡升腾路径足够长，含臭氧空气泡与水体接触的时间足够长，其升腾过程中就能够与足够多的还原性物质际遇，并彻底或近乎彻底地耗尽气泡中所含的臭氧，由此，含臭氧空气气泡中臭氧成分氧化潜力利用不完全的问题能够得到彻底解决，并且，由于长长的升腾路径导致臭氧耗尽，反应器尾气中就不会再夹带有会造成环境污染的臭氧。Based on the structure of this case, the capacity or processing capacity of the reactor can be greatly expanded. The large expansion is realized by greatly expanding the design volume of the microwave zero-irradiation area or the microwave weak-irradiation area. Then, from the appearance, the reaction The horizontal and vertical dimensions of the reactor can of course be greatly expanded. Therefore, the depth of the liquid inside the reactor can also be greatly deepened, for example, it can be deepened to one meter, two meters, three meters, four meters, five meters, Six meters, even ten meters, etc., in the case of deep enough depth of liquid, the rise path of ozone-containing air bubbles is long enough, and the contact time of ozone-containing air bubbles with water body is long enough, and it can interact with enough water during its rise. The reductive substance encounters, and completely or almost completely depletes the ozone contained in the bubbles, thus, the problem of incomplete utilization of the oxidation potential of the ozone component in the ozone-containing air bubbles can be completely solved, and, due to the long rise The path leads to ozone depletion, and the reactor tail gas will no longer contain ozone that will cause environmental pollution.
本案并以外置的多级过滤器，达成对催化剂微粒的从团聚体大颗粒到十数纳米的小尺度的碰撞碎片的逐级拦截，近乎彻底地回收、回用光催化剂，近乎彻底地防范催化剂流失而造成的二次污染；该逐级拦截结构并能够保护次级过滤器使其过滤结构通道免受大颗粒物质的硬性阻塞；其中第一级的预过滤孔径在5微米与300微米之间，第二级的微滤其孔径在25纳米与1000纳米之间，第三级的超滤其孔径介于15纳米与2纳米之间；这样的拦截结构，能够充分拦截纳米级的光催化剂，它当然能够近乎彻底地拦截气相二氧化钛P25这种平均粒径为21纳米的催化剂；前文述及，纳米级的P25之类的气相二氧化钛催化剂，是能够大量购得的市售的催化剂，也是耐久性、稳定性、紫外光波段光催化性能已知优良的光催化剂，当然，它也是工业级应用中事实上优先考虑选用的光催化剂；本案催化剂拦截结构与催化剂市场供应的实际能力、实际品种相匹配、相融合。In this case, an external multi-stage filter is used to achieve step-by-step interception of catalyst particles from large aggregate particles to small-scale collision fragments of tens of nanometers, to recover and reuse photocatalysts almost completely, and to prevent catalysts almost completely. Secondary pollution caused by loss; the step-by-step interception structure can protect the secondary filter from hard blocking of large particulate matter; the first-stage pre-filter pore size is between 5 microns and 300 microns The pore size of the second-stage microfiltration is between 25 nanometers and 1000 nanometers, and the pore size of the third-stage ultrafiltration is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers; such an interception structure can fully intercept nano-scale photocatalysts, Of course, it can almost completely intercept gas-phase titanium dioxide P25, a catalyst with an average particle size of 21 nanometers; as mentioned above, nano-scale gas-phase titanium dioxide catalysts such as P25 are commercially available catalysts that can be purchased in large quantities, and are also durable. , stability, and photocatalytic performance in the ultraviolet light band are known to be excellent photocatalysts. Of course, it is also a photocatalyst that is actually preferred in industrial applications; the interception structure of the catalyst in this case matches the actual capacity and actual species of the catalyst market supply. , Fusion.
并且，本案催化剂拦截机构外置，其滤芯不必浸泡于反应器内部的强氧化、强紫外辐照的液体中，因此，可以完全不必考虑对紫外辐照、强氧化条件的耐受力，这样，在滤芯材质的选用上就没有了特种耐受力方面的限制，可以在更广大的可选材质种类上进行选择，而完全无须再局限于比较昂贵的PVDF之类的材质。Moreover, the catalyst intercepting mechanism in this case is external, and its filter element does not need to be immersed in the strong oxidation and strong ultraviolet radiation liquid inside the reactor. Therefore, it is completely unnecessary to consider the tolerance to ultraviolet radiation and strong oxidation conditions. In this way, There is no special tolerance limit on the selection of filter element material, and you can choose from a wider range of optional materials, without being limited to more expensive PVDF and other materials.
所涉各级过滤器均有市售，市售的各级过滤器，其排污口就是反冲洗时排除污水的排放口，本案使用这类反冲洗式装备，是用来逐级拦截催化剂微粒，原本市售装备的排污口，在本案中被转用来作为受截留催化剂微粒的回收再用输出口或回流再用输出口。All levels of filters involved are commercially available, and the sewage outlets of commercially available filters at all levels are the outlets for discharging sewage during backwashing. This type of backwashing equipment is used in this case to intercept catalyst particles step by step. The sewage outlet of the original commercially available equipment was repurposed in this case as the recovery and reuse outlet or the return and reuse outlet of the trapped catalyst particles.
上文已述及，基于本案结构，反应器的容量或处理量可以大幅扩张，所述大幅扩张，是通过大幅扩张微波零辐照区域或微波弱辐照区域的设计体积来实现的，那么，从外观上看，反应器的横向尺寸、纵向尺寸当然都是能够大幅扩张，因此，反应器内部盛液深度也同样地可以大幅地加深，例如，可以加深到一米、两米、三米、四米、五米、六米，甚至十米，等等，在盛液深度足够深的情况下，含臭氧空气泡升腾路径足够长，含臭氧空气泡与水体接触的时间足够长，其升腾过程中就能够与足够多的还原性物质际遇，并彻底或近乎彻底地耗尽气泡中所含的臭氧，由此，含臭氧空气气泡中臭氧成分氧化潜力利用不完全的问题能够得到彻底解决，并且，由于长长的升腾路径导致臭氧耗尽，反应器尾气中就不会再夹带有会造成环境污染的臭氧；仅仅当受处理水体中还原性物质即有机污染物被降解殆尽之时，水体中已经再无可供臭氧氧化反应的有机污染物，那些个多余的臭氧才有可能不再消耗并透过长长的升腾路径逸出液面；前面已经谈到，本案同时解决的若干问题之中的一个，便是强化反应器内部液体的相对大尺度的循环，该强化了的大循环机制促成了反应器内部液体其所含有机污染物降解反应进程的均匀一致，由此，在本案结构所允许的数个立方至数十个立方甚至数百个立方体积的处理容量架构下，当反应器内部液面上方有臭氧逸出之时，即表明反应器内部的降解反应已达终点，并且是内部液体整体均匀一致地达到降解反应的终点，这一终点判定因素是与本案结构方案所能提供的条件相匹配的；本案在反应器其尾气排放口位置装设臭氧传感器，在这个结构位置检测到臭氧，便意味着反应器内部降解反应到达终点，臭氧传感器并且与臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器或臭氧警示器与臭氧含量显示器的复合机构联接，用于向操作人员提供准确的指示信息，本案并且将臭氧传感器输出的电讯号通过电缆传送给电源控制器，该电源控制器并通过电缆分别与磁控管及空气泵联接，电源控制器根据其所接收到的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作，当然，其运作方式是，在电源控制器接收到臭氧传感器发送的臭氧逸出的信号之时，自动关闭通向磁控管及空气泵的电源；本案依此结构方案，可及时知晓反应器内部降解反应进程的终点；并依此结构方案，在反应达到终点时，自动关闭磁控管及空气泵的电源，及时停止向反应器内部注入能量，如此可避免不必要的能源浪费；并且，本案依此结构，在降解反应到达终点之时，能够及时关闭所述磁控管及空气泵的电源，该电源关闭动作也同步、同一瞬间终止了臭氧的发生进程，由于臭氧发生进程被及时终止，就不会有超过需要的大量臭氧从所述尾气排放口释出，从而避免了不必要的二次污染或曰次生污染；本案其架构决定了它没有富余的臭氧可供排放。As mentioned above, based on the structure of this case, the capacity or processing capacity of the reactor can be greatly expanded. The large expansion is achieved by greatly expanding the design volume of the microwave zero-irradiation area or the microwave weak-irradiation area. Then, From the appearance, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the reactor can of course be greatly expanded. Therefore, the depth of the liquid inside the reactor can also be greatly deepened, for example, it can be deepened to one meter, two meters, three meters, Four meters, five meters, six meters, or even ten meters, etc., when the depth of the liquid is deep enough, the rising path of the ozone-containing air bubbles is long enough, and the contact time of the ozone-containing air bubbles with the water body is long enough, and the rising process It can meet with enough reducing substances and completely or nearly completely deplete the ozone contained in the bubbles, thus, the problem of incomplete utilization of the oxidation potential of ozone components in the ozone-containing air bubbles can be completely solved, and , due to the depletion of ozone due to the long rising path, the reactor tail gas will no longer contain ozone that will cause environmental pollution; only when the reducing substances in the treated water, that is, organic pollutants are completely degraded, the water body There are no organic pollutants available for the ozone oxidation reaction in the water, so that the excess ozone may no longer be consumed and escape the liquid surface through a long rising path; as mentioned above, one of the several problems solved in this case at the same time One of them is to strengthen the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reactor. This enhanced large-scale circulation mechanism promotes the uniformity of the degradation reaction process of the organic pollutants contained in the liquid inside the reactor. Therefore, in this case, the structure Under the allowable processing capacity framework of several cubic to tens of cubic or even hundreds of cubic volumes, when ozone escapes above the liquid level inside the reactor, it means that the degradation reaction inside the reactor has reached the end, and The internal liquid reaches the end of the degradation reaction evenly and uniformly as a whole. This end point determination factor matches the conditions provided by the structural scheme of this case; an ozone sensor is installed at the tail gas discharge port of the reactor in this case. The detection of ozone means that the degradation reaction inside the reactor has reached the end, and the ozone sensor is connected with the ozone warning device or the ozone content display or the composite mechanism of the ozone warning device and the ozone content display to provide accurate instructions to the operator. In this case, the electric signal output by the ozone sensor is transmitted to the power controller through the cable, and the power controller is connected with the magnetron and the air pump respectively through the cable, and the power controller performs the power switch according to the electric signal it receives. Action, of course, its mode of operation is, when the power controller receives the signal of the ozone escaping sent by the ozone sensor, it will automatically shut down the power supply to the magnetron and the air pump; The end point of the degradation reaction process inside the reactor; and according to this structural scheme, when the reaction reaches the end point, the power supply of the magnetron and the air pump is automatically turned off, and the energy injection into the reactor is stopped in time, so that unnecessary energy waste can be avoided; and According to the structure of this case, when the degradation reaction reaches the end point, the power supply of the magnetron and the air pump can be turned off in time. The source closing action is also synchronous, and the ozone generation process is terminated at the same moment. Since the ozone generation process is terminated in time, there will be no more than necessary ozone released from the exhaust outlet, thereby avoiding unnecessary secondary pollution Or secondary pollution; the structure of this case determines that it has no surplus ozone for emission.
本案结构之中，其反应器内部的微波辐照空域受到强制隔断、限制，本案并且采用外置级联多级反冲洗过滤器结构来精细地拦截催化剂微粒，其中的反冲洗式中空纤维微滤膜组件及反冲洗式中空纤维超滤膜组件均外置并远离反应器内核，微波完全不能照射到所述膜组件，基于本案该结构，完全绕开了所述点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题，该问题由此得到良好的解决。In the structure of this case, the microwave irradiation airspace inside the reactor is forcibly cut off and restricted. In this case, an external cascaded multi-stage backwash filter structure is used to finely intercept catalyst particles. The backwash hollow fiber microfiltration Both the membrane module and the backwash hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module are placed outside and away from the core of the reactor, and the microwave cannot irradiate the membrane module at all. Based on the structure of this case, the point-like hole-through thermal penetration is completely bypassed. Destroy the problem, which is thus well resolved.
本案反应器内腔底面由周边向中心区域逐渐洼陷，所述洼陷其坡度介于5度与35度之间，本案超声波换能器是贴附地装设在该反应器内腔底面其洼陷最深处所对应的那部分反应器底壁的外侧面位置或内侧面位置；上文述及，本案结构并且利于推动反应器内部液体作相对大尺度的循环运动，该液体循环运动的方式是周边液体下沉，中间的液体上升，如此不断地循环往复；上文述及，在某些PH值预先调节不到位、PH值不恰当的情况下，二氧化钛微粒容易发生团聚，进而影响其有效工作界面面积，影响其光催化效能；尤其对于该粒径范围之中的那些相对较小粒径的区段，更是容易出现因PH值预调不到位、PH值不恰当而导致的团聚问题；对于这种催化剂微粒团聚的情况，是必须即时地采取有效措施，进行针对团聚体的解聚运作；在催化剂微粒发生严重团聚的情形下，其中的一些比较重的大团聚体由于重力作用，倾向于逐渐向反应器内腔底部沉降，本案结构中，反应器内腔底部呈洼陷结构，并且，本案结构能够推动反应器内部液体作所述相对大尺度的循环运动，该大循环运动的作用连同无处不在的自然重力的作用，会将已沉降的大团聚体顺着所述洼陷结构的斜坡推扫到洼陷最深处并使它们聚集在那里，本案结构中超声波换能器正是位于该洼陷最深处的结构位置，该洼陷最深处的区域，既是所述大团聚体最终聚集的区域，同时也是超声波能够最少衰减地、最近距离地、最强烈地、最有效地针对大团聚体进行解聚运作区域；本案该结构能够允许以最小的超声能量损耗，实现最大化的超声解聚效果；本案依此结构，能够汇聚团聚体沉降物，并在团聚体沉降物最集中的区域，实施解聚运作；源自反应器底部的超声波当然同时也能够辐射到反应器内部液体中的其它区域，对那些比较小的仍然处于悬浮状态的团聚体发挥着解聚作用；本案相关超声辐射机构，是能够根据需要启动或关闭的机构；本案由此实现了针对该催化剂微粒团聚问题的即时原位处置。The bottom surface of the inner chamber of the reactor in this case is gradually depressed from the periphery to the central area, and the slope of the depression is between 5 degrees and 35 degrees. The ultrasonic transducer in this case is attached to the bottom surface of the reactor inner chamber. The position of the outer side or the inner side of the bottom wall of the reactor corresponding to the deepest part of the depression; as mentioned above, the structure of this case is also conducive to promoting the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reactor. The way the liquid circulates is The surrounding liquid sinks, the middle liquid rises, and so on. As mentioned above, in some cases where the pH value is not pre-adjusted in place or the pH value is inappropriate, titanium dioxide particles are prone to agglomeration, which will affect its effective work. The interface area affects its photocatalytic efficiency; especially for those relatively small particle size segments in this particle size range, it is more prone to agglomeration problems caused by improper pH value pre-adjustment and inappropriate pH value; For the agglomeration of catalyst particles, it is necessary to take effective measures immediately to depolymerize the agglomerates; in the case of severe agglomeration of catalyst particles, some of the relatively heavy large agglomerates tend to Settling gradually towards the bottom of the reactor cavity, in the structure of this case, the bottom of the reactor cavity is a depression structure, and the structure of this case can push the liquid inside the reactor to make the relatively large-scale circulation movement, the effect of this large circulation movement Together with the ubiquitous natural gravity, it will push and sweep the settled large aggregates along the slope of the depression structure to the deepest part of the depression and make them gather there. The ultrasonic transducer in the structure of this case is exactly The structural position located at the deepest part of the depression, the deepest region of the depression is not only the region where the large aggregates finally gather, but also the place where ultrasonic waves can attenuate the least, the shortest distance, the most intensely, and most effectively target the large Agglomerates deagglomeration operation area; the structure in this case can allow the minimum ultrasonic energy loss to achieve the maximum ultrasonic deaggregation effect; this case can gather aggregate sediments, and the aggregate sediments are most concentrated area, to carry out depolymerization operation; of course, the ultrasonic waves originating from the bottom of the reactor can also radiate to other areas in the liquid inside the reactor, and play a role in depolymerization for those relatively small aggregates that are still in suspension; the relevant ultrasonic waves in this case The radiation mechanism is a mechanism that can be activated or deactivated according to the needs; this case thus realizes the immediate in-situ disposal of the problem of the agglomeration of the catalyst particles.
结构中用于屏护无极紫外灯的石英管，其外壁，指的是石英管的外壁，经长时间的与被处理工业废水的接触，难免逐渐积垢，垢积的物质当然主要是不易被光催化反应所触动的无机类杂质，因该机制形成的积垢现象，在设备长时间运行之后很容易被观察到；附着于所述石英管外壁的垢积层，虽然只是薄薄的一层，也足以对无极紫外灯的紫外光辐射造成显著的阻挡，这将导致该微波光催化反应处理装置的实际处理效力大幅减小；本案结构中位于反应器底部的超声波换能器，在不定期的针对偶发的催化剂微粒严重团聚情形所进行的解聚运作之中，其所辐射的超声波，当然也会到达石英管所在结构位置，该超声波在进行原位解聚运作的同时，也一并进行着针对石英管表面垢积物的超声清洁除垢工作；并且，超声波换能器的装设位置远离石英管所在结构位置，超声辐射到达石英管位置时已经有所衰减，因此，石英管表面所受到的超声波冲击是低强度的超声波冲击，该低强度的超声波冲击既能温和地除垢，又能避免或大幅弱化超声空化作用其所可能造成的石英管表面光洁度损失；基于本案该结构，能够在不拆机的前提下，即时、有效地清除该石英管外壁上的垢积层，藉此维护该微波光催化降解反应器的持续的高效率。The outer wall of the quartz tube used to shield the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp in the structure refers to the outer wall of the quartz tube. After a long period of contact with the industrial wastewater to be treated, it is inevitable to gradually accumulate scale. Inorganic impurities touched by the photocatalytic reaction, due to the fouling phenomenon formed by this mechanism, are easy to be observed after the equipment has been running for a long time; the fouling layer attached to the outer wall of the quartz tube is only a thin layer , is also enough to significantly block the ultraviolet radiation of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, which will lead to a substantial reduction in the actual treatment efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic reaction treatment device; During the deaggregation operation for the occasional severe agglomeration of catalyst particles, the radiated ultrasonic waves will of course reach the structural position of the quartz tube. Focus on the ultrasonic cleaning and descaling work for the fouling on the surface of the quartz tube; and the installation position of the ultrasonic transducer is far away from the structural position of the quartz tube, and the ultrasonic radiation has been attenuated when it reaches the position of the quartz tube. Therefore, the surface of the quartz tube The ultrasonic impact received is a low-intensity ultrasonic impact, which can not only gently remove scale, but also avoid or greatly weaken the loss of surface finish of the quartz tube that may be caused by ultrasonic cavitation; based on the structure of this case, The fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube can be removed immediately and effectively without dismantling the machine, thereby maintaining the continuous high efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic degradation reactor.
简言之，本案达成了允许反应器设计容量大幅扩张的目标；同时，其结构还强化了反应器内部液体的相对大尺度的大循环运动；其结构同时解决了臭氧氧化潜力利用不完全的问题；其结构并且达成了针对纳米级催化剂微粒从其团聚体大颗粒到十数纳米的碰撞碎片的广泛的、精细的拦截；其滤芯材质的选择面也因该结构而得以扩大；其降解反应终点信息能够被及时知晓；其降解反应终点之时能够自动关闭对反应器的能量输入；其降解反应终点之时，也自动地及时终止臭氧的发生进程，避免了不必要的二次污染；其结构并能即时地原位处置偶发的催化剂微粒严重团聚情形，还同时捎带地以经过远程传送适度弱化之后的低强度的温和的超声波清洁所述石英管表面，保持其优良的紫外光通透性能。In short, this case achieves the goal of allowing the design capacity of the reactor to be greatly expanded; at the same time, its structure also strengthens the relatively large-scale large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reactor; its structure also solves the problem of incomplete utilization of the ozone oxidation potential ; Its structure has also achieved a broad and fine interception of nano-scale catalyst particles from its aggregates to collision fragments of tens of nanometers; the selection of its filter element material is also expanded due to this structure; its degradation reaction end point The information can be known in time; at the end of its degradation reaction, it can automatically shut down the energy input to the reactor; at the end of its degradation reaction, it also automatically terminates the generation process of ozone in time, avoiding unnecessary secondary pollution; its structure And it can deal with the occasional severe agglomeration of catalyst particles in situ immediately, and at the same time, clean the surface of the quartz tube with low-intensity mild ultrasonic waves moderately weakened by remote transmission, and maintain its excellent ultraviolet light permeability.
本案结构一揽子地解决了所述问题之一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十。The structure of this case solves the stated problems one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten in one package.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本案反应器结构的简约的透视示意图。Fig. 1 is a simplified perspective schematic diagram of the reactor structure of this case.
图中，1是水泵，2是循环引导器，3、13分别是结构位置不同的两条通气管道，4是循环引导器的小口端，5、14分别是石英管两端的封堵盖头，6是石英管，7是金属笼，也即金属材质的笼状的微波约束器，8是无极紫外灯，9是尾气排放口，10是波导管，11是磁控管，12是空气泵，15是所述容器内部不受微波辐照的空域，16是微孔曝气头，17是循环引导器的大口端，18是排污阀，19是排污口，20是反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器，21是反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器，22是净水池，23是反冲洗式前置预过滤器，24是废水池，25是增压泵，26是臭氧传感器的取样管，27是臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构，28是臭氧传感器，29是电源控制器，30是超声波换能器，31是高频振荡电讯号传输电缆，图中的若干箭头指示其邻近管路当处于接通状态时的液体流动方向。In the figure, 1 is a water pump, 2 is a circulation guide, 3 and 13 are two ventilation pipes with different structural positions, 4 is the small mouth end of the circulation guide, 5 and 14 are the sealing caps at both ends of the quartz tube, 6 is a quartz tube, 7 is a metal cage, that is, a cage-shaped microwave restraint made of metal, 8 is an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, 9 is an exhaust outlet, 10 is a waveguide, 11 is a magnetron, 12 is an air pump, 15 16 is the microporous aeration head, 17 is the large mouth end of the circulation guide, 18 is the sewage valve, 19 is the sewage outlet, and 20 is the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration Filter, 21 is a backwash hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter, 22 is a water purification tank, 23 is a backwash pre-filter, 24 is a waste water tank, 25 is a booster pump, and 26 is a sampling of an ozone sensor 27 is an ozone content display, an ozone warning device or a composite mechanism of an ozone content display and an ozone warning device, 28 is an ozone sensor, 29 is a power controller, 30 is an ultrasonic transducer, and 31 is a high-frequency oscillation electric signal transmission cable , the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of liquid flow when the adjacent pipeline is in the connected state.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在图1所展示的本案实施例中，该反应器的结构包括一个容器，所述容器其外形轮廓呈立方体形、长方体形、圆柱体形、椭圆柱体形、多棱柱体形、球体形或椭球体形，在所述容器内腔的底部位置装设有许多的微孔曝气头16，以及，石英管6，该石英管6架设在所述容器的内腔位置，该石英管6的两端装设有封堵盖头5、14，分别位于石英管6两端的所述封堵盖头5、14上均开设有通气接口，以及，无极紫外灯8，该无极紫外灯8呈棒状、环状、球状、海星状或海胆状，该无极紫外灯8的数量至少在一个以上，该数量至少在一个以上的无极紫外灯8均架设在所述石英管6的内部，以及，空气泵12，该空气泵12装设于所述容器的外部，所述石英管6其一端封堵盖头14上的通气接口经由通气管道13并透过所述容器的壁与所述空气泵12的出气口联接，所述石英管6其另一端封堵盖头5上的通气接口经由另一条通气管道3与位于所述容器内腔底部的微孔曝气头16联接，以及，微波发生器，该微波发生器装设于所述容器的外部，该微波发生器是磁控管11，以及，波导管10，该波导管10是用于传输微波的构件，该波导管10的一端与所述磁控管11联通，该波导管10的另一端透过所述容器的壁朝向所述容器的内腔，以及，水泵1，该水泵1用于向所述容器的内腔泵送含有机污染物的所述废水，该水泵位于所述容器的外部，该水泵1的出水口经由通水管道并透过所述容器的壁通向所述容器的内腔，所述容器的顶部开设有尾气排放口9，重点是，该波导管10的透过所述容器的壁的那一端进一步延伸进入所述容器的内腔，该深入所述容器内腔的波导管10的那一端并且再进一步透过所述石英管6的一个封堵盖头14探入石英管6的内部，以及，该反应器的结构还包括金属材质的笼状的微波约束器7，该笼状的微波约束器7上含有许多的孔洞或网眼，该笼状的微波约束器7的功能是约束微波，遏制其无益耗散，同时，允许大部分紫外光穿透，该笼状的微波约束器7的装设位置位于所述石英管6的内部，该笼状的微波约束器7其内腔与所述波导管10的探入石英管6的那一端联通，所述架设在石英管6内部的无极紫外灯8均被所述笼状的微波约束器7裹在其中，该笼状的微波约束器7就是一个金属笼7，标号7所指代的是同一个构件，以及，循环引导器2，该循环引导器2的功能是聚束来自微孔曝气头16的含臭氧空气气泡的升腾路径，并借助因受聚束而强化的升腾的气泡流的拖拽力量来带领所述容器内部液体作相对大尺度的循环运动，该循环引导器2装设在所述容器的内腔位置，该循环引导器2其轮廓状似两端贯通的简易喇叭筒，该循环引导器2其小口端垂直朝上，该循环引导器2其大口端垂直朝下，该循环引导器2其中轴线与所述容器的内腔底面相互垂直，该循环引导器2的垂直朝上的小口端4其结构位置是在所述石英管6的正下方，该循环引导器2的垂直朝下的大口端17其边沿与所述容器内壁之间的横向距离介于5厘米与300厘米之间，该横向距离范围之内的任意选定值都是可用的实施值，该横向距离例如可以是5厘米、55厘米、99厘米、152.5厘米、222厘米、260厘米、300厘米，等等，该循环引导器2的垂直朝下的大口端17其边沿与所述容器内腔底面之间的纵向距离介于5厘米与100厘米之间，该纵向距离范围之内的任意选定值都是可用的实施值，该纵向距离例如可以是5厘米、26厘米、33厘米、52.5厘米、77厘米、88厘米、100厘米，等等，以及，所述许多的微孔曝气头16是聚拢地装设所述循环引导器2其大口端17边沿在所述容器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内，以及，增压泵25，该增压泵25用于增压泵送混有大量催化剂微粒的降解之后的水，该增压泵25其进水口经由另一条通水管道并透过所述容器的壁与所述容器的内腔联接，以及，反冲洗式前置预过滤器23，该反冲洗式前置预过滤器23其进水口与所述增压泵25的出水口联接，以及，反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23其净水出口经由第一个净水阀与该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21的进水口联接，以及，反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21其净水出口经由第二个净水阀与该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20的进水口联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20其净水出口与第三个净水阀的进口端联接，该第三个净水阀的出水端是输出终端净水的出水端，该第三个净水阀的出水端可以与净水池22联接，当然，净水池22不是必须的构件，该第三个净水阀的出水端也可以直接经由管道通往净水用水机构，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23其污水出口经由第一个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21其污水出口经由第二个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20其污水出口经由第三个污水阀与所述容器的内腔联接，各所述过滤器23、21、20均用于截留催化剂微粒，各所述过滤器23、21、20其污水出口均转用为受截留催化剂微粒的回收再用输出口或回流再用输出口，以及，臭氧传感器28，该臭氧传感器28其取样管26的取样端口邻近所述尾气排放口9或探入所述尾气排放口9的内部，以及，臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构27，该臭氧传感器28经由第一条电缆与该臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构27联接，以及，电源控制器29，该臭氧传感器28其输出电讯号经由第二条电缆与该电源控制器29联接，该电源控制器29经由第三条电缆与所述磁控管11联接，该电源控制器29经由第四条电缆与所述空气泵12联接，该电源控制器29是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器，以及，超声波换能器30，该超声波换能器30是装设在该容器的底部外侧位置或底部内侧位置，该容器内腔底面由周边向中心区域逐渐洼陷，所述洼陷其坡度介于5度与35度之间，该超声波换能器30是贴附地装设在该容器内腔底面其洼陷最深处所对应的那部分容器底壁的外侧面位置或内侧面位置，图例中展示的是装设在外侧面位置的例子，图例中没有展示装设在内侧面位置的例子，以及，高频振荡电讯号传输电缆31，该高频振荡电讯号传输电缆31的一端与该超声波换能器30联接，以及，高频振荡电讯号发生器，所述高频振荡电讯号传输电缆31的另一端与该高频振荡电讯号发生器联接。图例中没有绘出该高频振荡电讯号发生器。In the embodiment of this case shown in Figure 1, the structure of the reactor includes a container, and the outline of the container is in the shape of a cube, a cuboid, a cylinder, an ellipse, a polygon, a sphere or an ellipsoid , a lot of microporous aeration heads 16 are installed at the bottom position of the inner cavity of the container, and a quartz tube 6 is erected at the inner cavity position of the container, and the two ends of the quartz tube 6 are installed There are sealing caps 5 and 14, and the sealing caps 5 and 14 located at both ends of the quartz tube 6 are respectively provided with ventilation ports, and an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 8, which is rod-shaped, ring-shaped, spherical , starfish or sea urchin shape, the number of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 8 is at least one, and the number of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 8 is at least one or more, all erected inside the quartz tube 6, and the air pump 12, the air pump 12 is installed on the outside of the container, and one end of the quartz tube 6 blocks the vent port on the cap 14 through the vent pipe 13 and through the wall of the container to connect with the air outlet of the air pump 12. The other end of the quartz tube 6 blocks the venting interface on the cover head 5 via another vent pipe 3 and is connected with the microporous aeration head 16 positioned at the bottom of the container cavity, and a microwave generator, which is installed on the Outside the container, the microwave generator is a magnetron 11, and a waveguide 10, which is a component for transmitting microwaves, one end of the waveguide 10 communicates with the magnetron 11, the The other end of the waveguide 10 passes through the wall of the container towards the inner cavity of the container, and the water pump 1 is used to pump the waste water containing organic pollutants to the inner cavity of the container, the The water pump is located outside the container, and the water outlet of the water pump 1 leads to the inner cavity of the container through the water pipe and through the wall of the container, and the top of the container is provided with an exhaust gas discharge port 9, and the key points are, The end of the waveguide 10 that penetrates the wall of the container further extends into the inner cavity of the container, and the end of the waveguide 10 that penetrates into the inner cavity of the container further penetrates the inner cavity of the quartz tube 6. A plugging cap 14 protrudes into the inside of the quartz tube 6, and the structure of the reactor also includes a cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7 made of metal, which contains many holes or meshes. The function of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7 is to confine microwaves, curb its useless dissipation, and at the same time, allow most of the ultraviolet light to penetrate. The installation position of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7 is located inside the quartz tube 6, The cavity of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7 communicates with the end of the waveguide 10 protruding into the quartz tube 6, and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 8 erected inside the quartz tube 6 is all confined by the cage-shaped microwave The microwave confinement device 7 is wrapped in it, and the cage-like microwave confinement device 7 is a metal cage 7, and what the reference number 7 refers to is the same member, and the circulation guide 2, the function of the circulation guide 2 is to focus the microwave from the micro The rising path of the ozone-containing air bubbles of the hole aeration head 16, and the dragging force of the rising bubble flow strengthened by being bunched to lead the liquid inside the container to make a relatively large scale degree of circular movement, the circulation guide 2 is installed in the inner cavity of the container, the outline of the circulation guide 2 is like a simple trumpet with two ends through, the small mouth of the circulation guide 2 is vertically upward, The large mouth end of the circulation guide 2 is vertically downward, the central axis of the circulation guide 2 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the inner chamber of the container, and the vertical upward small mouth end 4 of the circulation guide 2 is located in the structure position of the circular guide 2 Directly below the quartz tube 6, the horizontal distance between the edge of the vertically downward large mouth end 17 of the circulation guide 2 and the inner wall of the container is between 5 centimeters and 300 centimeters. Selected values are all available implementation values, and this lateral distance can be, for example, 5 centimeters, 55 centimeters, 99 centimeters, 152.5 centimeters, 222 centimeters, 260 centimeters, 300 centimeters, etc. The longitudinal distance between its edge of the large mouth end 17 and the bottom surface of the container cavity is between 5 centimeters and 100 centimeters, any selected value within the scope of this longitudinal distance is an available implementation value, and this longitudinal distance can for example be It is 5 centimeters, 26 centimeters, 33 centimeters, 52.5 centimeters, 77 centimeters, 88 centimeters, 100 centimeters, etc., and said many microporous aeration heads 16 are to gather together and install said circulation guide 2 its big mouth The edge of the end 17 is within the range delineated by the vertical projection of the bottom surface of the container cavity, and the booster pump 25 is used for boosting and pumping the degraded water mixed with a large amount of catalyst particles. The water inlet of the booster pump 25 is connected with the inner cavity of the container through another water pipe and through the wall of the container, and the backwash type pre-filter 23, the backwash type pre-filter The water inlet of the device 23 is connected with the water outlet of the booster pump 25, and the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21, and the clean water outlet of the backwashing pre-filter 23 passes through the first The water purification valve is connected with the water inlet of the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21, and the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20, and the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 is clean The water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 through the second water purification valve, and the water purification outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 is connected to the third water purification valve. The water outlet of the third water purification valve is the water outlet of the output terminal water purification, the water outlet of the third water purification valve can be connected with the water purification pool 22, of course, the water purification pool 22 is not necessary components, the water outlet of the third water purification valve can also directly lead to the water purification water mechanism through the pipeline, and the sewage outlet of the backwash type pre-filter 23 is connected to the container through the first sewage valve The inner cavity is connected, the sewage outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 is connected with the inner cavity of the container through the second sewage valve, the sewage of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 is The outlet is connected with the inner cavity of the container through the third sewage valve, and each of the filters 23, 21, 20 is used to retain catalyst particles, each The sewage outlets of the filters 23, 21, 20 are all diverted to the recovery and reuse output ports or backflow of the trapped catalyst particles, and the ozone sensor 28, the sampling port of its sampling pipe 26 of the ozone sensor 28 Adjacent to the exhaust gas discharge port 9 or protruding into the interior of the exhaust gas discharge port 9, and the composite mechanism 27 of the ozone content display, ozone warning device or ozone content display and ozone warning device, the ozone sensor 28 passes through the first cable Connect with the compound mechanism 27 of this ozone content display, ozone warning device or ozone content display and ozone warning device, and, power controller 29, its output electric signal of this ozone sensor 28 is connected with this power controller 29 through the second cable , the power controller 29 is connected with the magnetron 11 via a third cable, the power controller 29 is connected with the air pump 12 via a fourth cable, and the power controller 29 can be connected according to the received The power controller for the electric signal to perform the power switch action, and the ultrasonic transducer 30, the ultrasonic transducer 30 is installed at the bottom outer position or the bottom inner position of the container, and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the container is extended from the periphery to The central area is gradually depressed, and the slope of the depression is between 5 degrees and 35 degrees. The ultrasonic transducer 30 is attached to the bottom surface of the container cavity corresponding to the deepest part of the container. The position of the outer surface or the position of the inner surface of the bottom wall, the illustration shows the example installed on the outer surface position, the example of the installation on the inner surface position is not shown in the illustration, and the high-frequency oscillation electrical signal transmission cable 31, the height One end of the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable 31 is connected with the ultrasonic transducer 30, and the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator, the other end of the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable 31 is connected with the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator connect. The high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator is not shown in the illustration.
所述洼陷其坡度实施值是介于5度与35度之间，该坡度范围之内的任意选定值都是本案允许的可以使用的实施值；该洼陷其坡度实施值例如可以是5度、8度、10度、15度、20度、25度、30度、35度，等等。The implementation value of the slope of the depression is between 5 degrees and 35 degrees, and any selected value within the range of the slope is an implementation value allowed by this case; the implementation value of the slope of the depression can be, for example, 5 degrees, 8 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, etc.
所涉超声波换能器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的。The technical meaning of the term ultrasonic transducer in question is known to those skilled in the field of ultrasonic technology.
所涉高频振荡电讯号传输电缆一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable itself is also well known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology.
所涉超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆市场均有售；所述超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆等也可向超声波换能器专业厂家及电缆专业厂家定制。The ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables involved are available in the market; the ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic transducers and cables.
所涉高频振荡电讯号发生器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的；各型高频振荡电讯号发生器均有市售；所述高频振荡电讯号发生器也可向超声波器材专业厂家定制。The technical meaning of the term itself of the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator involved is also well known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology; various types of high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generators are commercially available; The signal generator can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic equipment.
所涉臭氧传感器28市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧传感器专业厂家定制。The ozone sensor 28 involved is available in the market; it can also be customized to an ozone sensor professional manufacturer as required.
所涉臭氧含量显示器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧含量显示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也销售配套使用的臭氧含量显示器。The ozone content monitor involved is available on the market; it can also be customized from a professional manufacturer of ozone content monitors according to needs; ozone sensor manufacturers usually also sell matching ozone content monitors.
所涉臭氧警示器，指的是以警示声音或警示闪光或警示声音与警示闪光相结合的两者兼而有之的用于警示的机构；臭氧警示器市场有售；也可向臭氧警示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也能够销售配套使用的臭氧警示器。The ozone warning device involved refers to a mechanism for warning with a warning sound or a warning flash or a combination of a warning sound and a warning flash; the ozone warning device is available in the market; it can also be used for the ozone warning device Customized by professional manufacturers; ozone sensor manufacturers can usually also sell matching ozone alarms.
所涉该电源控制器29是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；能够根据其所接收的电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器仅就其电路技术本身而言，是已经成熟的、公知的技术；所述电源控制器市场有售；也可利用市售的电源控制器根据需要进行改制；所述电源控制器也可向电源控制器专业制造商定制；电源控制器之类的电子器件其专业制造商遍布全球。The power controller 29 involved is a power controller that can perform power switch actions according to the electrical signals it receives; In other words, it is a mature and well-known technology; the power controller is available in the market; the commercially available power controller can also be used to modify according to needs; the power controller can also be customized to a professional manufacturer of power controllers; Professional manufacturers of electronic devices such as power controllers are located all over the world.
所述循环引导器2其轮廓形态或者也可描述为轮廓状似火力发电厂的冷却塔。The profile shape of the circulation guide 2 may also be described as a cooling tower in a thermal power plant.
所述金属材质一词，其本身的技术含义，是公知的。The technical meaning of the word metal material itself is well known.
该笼状的微波约束器7即金属笼其材质可以是任何的选定的金属，但是，鉴于其所处的由强紫外光辐射所形成的臭氧混合气环境，以及，出于尽可能地通过复杂的镜面反射机制最大限度地输出由无极紫外灯8所发射的紫外光的考量，适于制作该笼状的微波约束器7的优选的金属材质是经过镜面抛光处理的不锈钢。This cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7, that is, its material of the metal cage can be any selected metal, but, in view of the ozone mixture environment formed by strong ultraviolet radiation, and, for passing through as much as possible In consideration of the complex specular reflection mechanism to maximize the output of the ultraviolet light emitted by the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 8 , the preferred metal material suitable for making the cage-shaped microwave confinement device 7 is mirror-polished stainless steel.
所述冲孔不锈钢一词其本身的技术含义对于不锈钢行业来说，是公知的。The technical meaning of the term punched stainless steel itself is well known in the stainless steel industry.
可以用镜面抛光的冲孔不锈钢板经焊接、拼接或模压工艺制成所述微波约束器7。The microwave confinement device 7 can be made of mirror-polished punched stainless steel plates through welding, splicing or molding.
也可以用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝编织制成该笼状的微波约束器7。The cage-like microwave confinement device 7 can also be braided with mirror-polished stainless steel wires.
为方便设备的定期检修或清洗，可以在所述容器的底部开设排污口19，在排污口19的位置当然可以装设排污阀18。所述排污口19及排污阀18不是必须的。For the convenience of regular maintenance or cleaning of the equipment, a drain outlet 19 can be provided at the bottom of the container, and a drain valve 18 can certainly be installed at the position of the drain outlet 19 . The sewage outlet 19 and the sewage valve 18 are not necessary.
所述循环引导器2的材质不限，所述循环引导器2的材质例如可以是聚四氟乙烯材质、玻璃材质、陶瓷材质、金属材质，等等，但是，循环引导器2其优选材质是不锈钢。The material of the circulation guide 2 is not limited, and the material of the circulation guide 2 can be polytetrafluoroethylene material, glass material, ceramic material, metal material, etc., but its preferred material of the circulation guide 2 is Stainless steel.
图例中出现的废水池24不是必须的，因为待处理的废水根据具体情况也可以选择不经过废水池而直接通向所述容器。The waste water pond 24 appearing in the illustration is not necessary, because the waste water to be treated can also choose not to pass through the waste water pond and directly lead to the container according to the specific situation.
该本案实施例结构中，所述许多的微孔曝气头16是聚拢地装设在所述循环引导器2其大口端17边沿在所述容器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内。位于所述铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内的所述许多的微孔曝气头16，既可以是平铺地装设在所述容器内腔底部所圈定的范围之内，当然，在这个圈定范围之内，也可以采取另一种更为密集的装设方式，所述更为密集的装设方式，指的是，可以将所述许多的微孔曝气头在三维方向上进行堆叠架设，以此方式将它们聚拢形成具有三维堆叠架构的团簇状微孔曝气头集群；该种团簇状微孔曝气头集群可以容纳数量较为庞大的微孔曝气头；该种方式可以承载更大的空气通量。本案图例中所展示的就是上述的这种团簇状微孔曝气头集群的构造形态；其实际堆叠架构的层次当然还可以允许是比图例所展示的层次更多，在该多层次的堆叠架构中，各微孔曝气头可以彼此错开地排列，可以彼此互不遮挡，当然，即便有部分相互遮挡，也无妨碍。In the structure of the embodiment of this case, the many microporous aeration heads 16 are assembled and installed in the range delineated by the vertical projection of the edge of the large mouth end 17 of the circulation guide 2 on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the container. . The many microporous aeration heads 16 located within the delineated range of the vertical projection can be installed in a flat manner within the delineated range of the bottom of the container cavity. Of course, in this Within the delineated range, another more dense installation method can also be adopted. The more dense installation method means that the many microporous aeration heads can be stacked in three-dimensional directions In this way, they are gathered to form a cluster of microporous aeration heads with a three-dimensional stacking structure; this kind of clustered microporous aeration head cluster can accommodate a relatively large number of microporous aeration heads; this method Can carry greater air flux. What is shown in the legend of this case is the structural form of the above-mentioned clustered microporous aeration head cluster; of course, the actual stacking structure level can also be allowed to be more than the level shown in the legend. In this multi-level stacking In the structure, the microporous aeration heads can be arranged in a staggered manner, and can not block each other. Of course, even if some parts block each other, there is no hindrance.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于5微米与300微米之间，当然，这个优选范围之外的其它前置预过滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于25纳米与1000纳米之间，当然，这个优选范围之外的其它微滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20其滤孔孔径的优选范围是介于15纳米与2纳米之间，当然，这个范围之外的其它超滤孔径选择也是本案所允许的。The preferred range of the filter aperture of the backwash type pre-filter 23 is between 5 microns and 300 microns, of course, other pre-pre-filter aperture selections outside this preferred range are also allowed in this case; The preferred range of the filter pore size of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 is between 25 nanometers and 1000 nanometers, of course, other microfiltration pore size selections outside this preferred range are also allowed in this case; The preferred range of the pore size of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers. Of course, other ultrafiltration pore size options outside this range are also allowed in this case.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23也称反冲洗式前置过滤器或反冲洗式预过滤器，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器23市场有售。The backwash type pre-filter 23 also claims the backwash type pre-filter or the backwash type pre-filter, and the technical meaning of the backwash type pre-filter 23 itself is known; Backwash type pre-filter 23 is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21是适于微滤的过滤器；所述微滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21市场有售。The backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 is a filter suitable for microfiltration; the technical meaning of the term microfiltration itself is well known; the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 Its technical meaning is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20是适于超滤的过滤器；所述超滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20市场有售。The backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 is a filter suitable for ultrafiltration; the technical meaning of the term ultrafiltration itself is known; the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 Its technical meaning is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 is available on the market.
在超滤环节，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。图例中，没有展示该种并联的结构形态。In the ultrafiltration link, the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20 can be the form of only one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter unit; of course, the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter It can also be composed of more than one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other. In the legend, this kind of parallel structure is not shown.
表达所涉并联一词，其本身所指代的技术含义是清楚的。The technical meaning indicated by the term parallel connection itself is clear.
表达所涉单体一词，指的是其本身功能及结构完全的设备个体。The term referring to a unit refers to an individual device with complete functions and structures in itself.
类似地，在微滤环节，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。图例中没有展示该种并联结构情形。Similarly, in the microfiltration link, the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 can be the form of only one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter unit; of course, the backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter The filter can also be composed of more than one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other. This kind of parallel structure is not shown in the illustration.
在所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器21其净水出口与所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器20的进水口的联接管路上可以进一步装设第二个增压泵，该第二个增压泵用于增补水压以满足所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水压力需求；该第二个增压泵不是必须的。图例中没有展示该种使用第二个增压泵的结构情形。A second booster pump can be further installed on the connection pipeline between the water outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter 21 and the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter 20, The second booster pump is used to supplement the water pressure to meet the water inlet pressure requirement of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter; the second booster pump is not necessary. The illustration does not show the configuration in which the second booster pump is used.
所述金属笼即所述笼状的微波约束器7其自身结构中遍布着孔洞或网眼，所述孔洞或网眼其口径的优选范围是介于0.5厘米与3.0厘米之间；当然，如果一定要选用在此优选范围之外的其它口径的孔洞或网眼，那也是本案所允许的。The metal cage, that is, the cage-like microwave confinement device 7 is covered with holes or meshes in its own structure, and the preferred range of the diameter of the holes or meshes is between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm; of course, if it is necessary to The hole or mesh of other calibers outside this preferred range is selected for use, and that is also allowed in this case.
实施图例中没有绘出所述其它附件。The other accessories are not shown in the examples of implementation.
本案的实施方式不限于图例方式。The embodiment of this case is not limited to the way of illustration.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310140510.4ACN103214131B (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | The wastewater degradation high throughput photo catalysis reactor that physics auxiliary anti-catalyst is reunited |
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| CN201310140510.4ACN103214131B (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | The wastewater degradation high throughput photo catalysis reactor that physics auxiliary anti-catalyst is reunited |
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