CN103204333A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN103204333A
Application number: CN201310104597XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩旭; 李军; 荆春宁; 常猛; 王雨晗
Original assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-03-28
Filing date: 2013-03-28
Publication date: 2013-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-28
Also published as: CN103204333B

Abstract

The storage of a liquid is usually static in a nuclear power plant; and a storage box only needs to satisfy leak tightness, homoiothermy and accessibility. If stirring and mixing of the stored liquid can be realized in a certain special application occasions, and especially under an accident condition, the preset function of the stored liquid can be strengthened greatly; but the power needed by the stirring and mixing function is usually difficult to obtain in time. The invention belongs to a liquid storage box design, and particularly relates to a liquid storage box for realizing internal fluid driving by utilizing a temperature difference power source. Multiple groups of temperature difference power sources are arranged on a wall body, a top cover and a bottom plate of the storage box; and under the accident condition of the nuclear power plant, the temperature difference power sources enable a reactor to release heat abnormally and change the heat into an electric energy so as to drive a shielding pump and a draught fan both integrated in the storage box to stir and mix the stored liquid.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种利用温差电源实现内部流体驱动的液体贮存箱A liquid storage tank using a temperature difference power supply to realize internal fluid drive

技术领域technical field

本发明属于液体贮存箱设计，具体涉及一种利用温差电源实现内部流体驱动的液体贮存箱。The invention belongs to the design of a liquid storage tank, in particular to a liquid storage tank which utilizes a temperature difference power supply to realize internal fluid drive.

背景技术Background technique

在核能发电厂中，液体的贮存通常是静态的，贮存箱只需满足密封性、恒温性及可接入性即可。但在某些特殊的应用场合中，尤其是事故工况下，如果能实现贮存液体的搅混，贮存液体的预设功能将可以大为加强，但这种搅混功所需的动力通常是难以及时获得的。In nuclear power plants, the storage of liquids is usually static, and the storage tanks only need to meet the requirements of tightness, constant temperature and accessibility. However, in some special applications, especially in accident conditions, if the storage liquid can be stirred, the preset function of the storage liquid will be greatly enhanced, but the power required for this mixing work is usually difficult to timely acquired.

以美国西屋公司设计的第三代核电厂AP1000为例，其主要优势和典型特性是其具有非能动特性的安全系统。AP1000的安全壳内置换料水箱（IRWST）在核电厂发生事故时是重要的安全壳内中间热阱，由于水体巨大，在一段时间内会和安全壳内环境保持较大的温差，如果能设法对此温差加以利用，用产生的电力驱动设备促进IRWST内部流体对流换热，则其功能将得到可观的提升。再如具有我国自主知识产权的第三代核电厂ACP1000，非能动热量导出系统设计是其应对严重事故的重要手段，可参见发明“双层混凝土安全壳非能动热量导出系统强化换热方法和装置”（申请号：201210090809.9）及发明“安全壳非能动热量导出系统换热器的换热管”（申请号：201120551527.5）。该系统置于安全壳顶部的非能动冷却水箱是核电厂的最终热阱。在事故初期，非能动冷却水箱内的水为常温，而安全壳内蒸汽的温度高于一百度，可用温差可维持超过72小时以上；在事故后期，非能动冷却水箱内的水处于沸腾状态，水体与环境又能形成可用温差，如果能设法对上述的两个温差加以利用，则核电厂的整体安全性将得到可观的提升。Take the third-generation nuclear power plant AP1000 designed by Westinghouse Corporation of the United States as an example. Its main advantage and typical feature is its passive safety system. The in-containment refueling water tank (IRWST) of AP1000 is an important intermediate heat sink in the containment when an accident occurs in a nuclear power plant. Due to the huge water body, it will maintain a large temperature difference with the environment in the containment for a period of time. If it can be managed By making use of this temperature difference and using the generated electric power to drive the equipment to promote convective heat transfer of the fluid inside the IRWST, its function will be considerably improved. Another example is the third-generation nuclear power plant ACP1000 with my country's independent intellectual property rights. The design of the passive heat export system is an important means to deal with serious accidents. See the invention "Enhanced heat exchange method and device for passive heat export system of double-layer concrete containment "(Application No.: 201210090809.9) and the invention of "Heat Exchange Tubes for Containment Passive Heat Export System Heat Exchanger" (Application No.: 201120551527.5). The system's passive cooling water tank placed on top of the containment vessel is the final heat sink of the nuclear power plant. In the early stage of the accident, the water in the passive cooling water tank was at normal temperature, while the temperature of the steam in the containment vessel was higher than 100 degrees, and the available temperature difference could be maintained for more than 72 hours; in the later stage of the accident, the water in the passive cooling water tank was in a boiling state. The water body and the environment can also form an available temperature difference. If we can try to make use of the above two temperature differences, the overall safety of the nuclear power plant will be considerably improved.

温差发电技术最早由德国科学家Seebeck在1821年发现，也称为seebeck效应。在20世纪初该技术有了显著的发展，热电材料的研究突破金属找到半导体材料。半导体的优良的热电转化特性决定了它在温差发电扮演者不可替代的角色。半导体温差发电技术发展初期，由于它的成本问题和技术不完备使得应用不广泛，到现在，温差发电技术在许多方面的应用都有了很大的进展。随着热电材料研究取得不断的进展，特别是纳米化与低维化的发展，材料的热电优值有显著的提高。而且伴随着温差发电材料的不断开发成本降低，引起人们的高度重视，因此在一些西方发达国家，热电技术也从军事航天领域向工业和民用方向发展普及。Thermoelectric power generation technology was first discovered by German scientist Seebeck in 1821, also known as the seebeck effect. At the beginning of the 20th century, the technology had a remarkable development, and the research of thermoelectric materials broke through metals to find semiconductor materials. The excellent thermoelectric conversion characteristics of semiconductors determine that it plays an irreplaceable role in thermoelectric power generation. In the early stage of the development of semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology, it was not widely used due to its cost problem and technical incompleteness. Up to now, the application of thermoelectric power generation technology in many aspects has made great progress. With the continuous progress in the research of thermoelectric materials, especially the development of nanometerization and low-dimensionalization, the thermoelectric figure of merit of materials has been significantly improved. Moreover, with the continuous development cost reduction of thermoelectric power generation materials, people have paid great attention to it. Therefore, in some western developed countries, thermoelectric technology has also developed and popularized from the military aerospace field to industrial and civilian use.

本发明寻求构建一种利用温差电源实现内部流体驱动的液体贮存箱，以期在核电厂事故工况下，将反应堆非正常释热转化为电能，并驱动集成于贮存箱的屏蔽泵及风机实现对贮存液体的搅混。The present invention seeks to build a liquid storage tank that utilizes a thermoelectric power supply to realize internal fluid drive, in order to convert the abnormal heat release of the reactor into electric energy under the accident condition of a nuclear power plant, and drive the shielded pump and fan integrated in the storage tank to achieve Stirring of storage liquids.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的技术方案如下所述。The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.

一种利用温差电源实现内部流体驱动的液体贮存箱的箱体空间由箱体外围侧壁，箱体顶盖，箱体底板及箱体内环侧壁包围而成，箱体内环侧壁的空气一侧围成通风通道，其特征在于在所述贮存箱相应位置上按如下一种或若干种方式设有温差电源：A liquid storage tank that utilizes a temperature difference power supply to realize internal fluid drive. The air side is surrounded by a ventilation channel, which is characterized in that a thermoelectric power supply is provided in the corresponding position of the storage tank in one or more of the following ways:

（1）箱体外围侧壁的墙体上设有一个或多个温差电源，温差电源热侧位于箱体内壁，与箱体内液体接触，冷侧位于箱体外壁，与空气直接接触；(1) One or more thermoelectric power supplies are installed on the outer wall of the box. The hot side of the thermoelectric power supply is located on the inner wall of the box and is in contact with the liquid in the box. The cold side is located on the outer wall of the box and is in direct contact with the air;

（2）箱体内环侧壁的墙体设有一个或多个温差电源，温差电源的热侧位于内环外壁，与箱体内液体接触，冷侧位于内环内壁，与通风通道内的空气接触；(2) One or more thermoelectric power supplies are installed on the side wall of the inner ring of the box. The hot side of the thermoelectric power supply is located on the outer wall of the inner ring and is in contact with the liquid in the box. The cold side is located on the inner wall of the inner ring and is in contact with the air in the ventilation channel. touch;

（3）箱体顶盖上设有一个或多个温差电源，温差电源的热侧位于顶盖内壁，与箱体内汽空间接触，冷侧位于顶盖外壁，与空气直接接触；(3) One or more thermoelectric power supplies are installed on the top cover of the box body. The hot side of the thermoelectric power supply is located on the inner wall of the top cover and is in contact with the steam space inside the box, and the cold side is located on the outer wall of the top cover and is in direct contact with the air;

（4）箱体底板上设有一个或多个温差电源，温差电源的热侧位于底板外侧的热液通道内，与热液通道液体接触，冷侧位于箱体内壁，与箱体内液体直接接触；(4) There are one or more thermoelectric power supplies on the bottom plate of the box. The hot side of the thermoelectric power supply is located in the hot liquid channel outside the bottom plate and is in contact with the liquid in the hot liquid channel. The cold side is located on the inner wall of the box and is in direct contact with the liquid in the box. ;

并且所述箱体还包括如下至少一种结构：And the box also includes at least one of the following structures:

（A）箱体外围侧壁上设有一个或多个蒸汽出口，蒸汽出口位于箱体内液体液面以上，蒸汽出口附近装有用于加强通风的排风机，在箱体内液体17温度逐渐升高并开始沸腾的过程中，在箱体汽空间16内会积聚大量蒸汽，排风机可以促进这些蒸汽的排出。(A) There are one or more steam outlets on the peripheral side wall of the box. The steam outlet is located above the liquid level in the box. An exhaust fan is installed near the steam outlet to enhance ventilation. The temperature of theliquid 17 in the box gradually rises and In the process of starting to boil, a large amount of steam will accumulate in the boxbody steam space 16, and the exhaust fan can promote the discharge of these steams.

（B）箱体底板箱体内环侧壁相连的拐角处设有一个或多个屏蔽泵，屏蔽泵将水吸入并加速向上排出，从而促进自然循环；(B) One or more canned pumps are installed at the corners connected to the side walls of the inner and outer rings of the box bottom plate. The canned pumps suck in water and accelerate upward discharge, thereby promoting natural circulation;

所述排风机和/或屏蔽泵与所述温差电源通过电缆连接获得供电。The exhaust fan and/or canned pump is connected to the temperature difference power supply through a cable to obtain power supply.

本发明可有效利用液体贮存箱内有关部位的温度差，实现温差电源发电，并通过温差电源向排风机和/或屏蔽泵供电，从而有利于贮存箱内液体的混合。The invention can effectively use the temperature difference of relevant parts in the liquid storage tank to realize the power generation by the temperature difference power supply, and supply power to the exhaust fan and/or shielded pump through the temperature difference power supply, thereby facilitating the mixing of the liquid in the storage tank.

进一步，液体贮存箱上设有一个或多个温差电源，热液通道由热液总管、Further, the liquid storage tank is provided with one or more temperature difference power supplies, and the hot liquid channel is composed of the hot liquid main pipe,

热液扩展通道和若干箱体热液入口管线。这种结构更有利于实现温差电源与热侧与热液更充分的接触。Hydrothermal expansion channels and several tank hydrothermal inlet lines. This structure is more conducive to realizing more sufficient contact between the thermoelectric power supply and the hot side and the hot liquid.

进一步，液体贮存箱上的一条或多条箱体冷液流出管线，该管线比箱体热液入口管线更靠近箱体外围侧壁，这样的布置更有利于提高箱体内液体的搅混，使热水加速向上流动，冷水加速向下流动，从而促进自然循环。Further, one or more tank cold liquid outflow pipelines on the liquid storage tank are closer to the peripheral side wall of the tank than the tank hot liquid inlet pipeline. Such an arrangement is more conducive to improving the mixing of the liquid in the tank and making the heat Water accelerates upwards, and cold water accelerates downwards, thereby promoting natural circulation.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1实施实例结构示意图（箱体蒸汽出口轴线标高剖面俯视图）Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the implementation example structure (top view of the elevation section of the steam outlet axis of the box)

图2实施实例结构示意图（箱体外围侧壁温差电源上沿标高剖面俯视图）Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the implementation example structure (the top view of the upper elevation section of the temperature difference power supply on the outer side wall of the box)

图3箱体外围侧壁温差电源示意图（局部）Figure 3 Schematic diagram of temperature difference power supply on the peripheral side wall of the box (partial)

图4实施实例结构示意图（50%竖直剖面正视图）Figure 4 Schematic diagram of implementation example structure (50% vertical section front view)

图5实施实例结构示意图（33%宽度竖直剖面正视图）Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the implementation example structure (33% width vertical section front view)

图6实施实例结构示意图（仰视图）Figure 6 Schematic diagram of implementation example structure (bottom view)

图7热液扩展通道总体示意图Fig.7 Overall schematic diagram of hydrothermal expansion channel

图8热液扩展通道横断面示意图Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the hydrothermal expansion channel

图9温差电源示意图Figure 9 Schematic diagram of thermoelectric power supply

图中，1.箱体外围侧壁，2.箱体顶盖，3.箱体底板，4.箱体内环侧壁，5.箱体冷液流出管线，6.箱体蒸汽出口，7.箱体热液入口管线，8.热液总管，9.温差电源，10.温差电源，11.温差电源，12.温差电源，13.热液扩展通道，14.屏蔽泵，15.通风通道，16.箱体内汽空间，17.箱体内液体，18.热液扩展通道液体。In the figure, 1. The outer side wall of the box, 2. The top cover of the box, 3. The bottom plate of the box, 4. The side wall of the inner ring of the box, 5. The cooling liquid outflow pipeline of the box, 6. The steam outlet of the box, 7 .Hot liquid inlet pipeline, 8. Hydrothermal main pipe, 9. Thermoelectric power supply, 10. Thermoelectric power supply, 11. Thermoelectric power supply, 12. Thermoelectric power supply, 13. Hydrothermal expansion channel, 14. Shielded pump, 15. Ventilation channel , 16. Steam space in the box, 17. Liquid in the box, 18. Hydrothermal expansion channel liquid.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图与具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

如图1所示，本发明提供了一种利用温差电源实现内部流体驱动的液体贮存箱，该液体贮存箱的箱体空间由箱体外围侧壁1，箱体顶盖2，箱体底板3及箱体内环侧壁4包围而成；箱体空间水平截面为中心对称的环状多边形、圆环形、多边形或圆形；箱体内环侧壁4在箱体以外包围形成通风通道15。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a liquid storage tank utilizing a thermoelectric power supply to realize internal fluid drive. and the innerring side wall 4 of the box; the horizontal section of the box space is a centrally symmetrical annular polygon, circular ring, polygon or circle; the innerring side wall 4 of the box is surrounded outside the box to form aventilation channel 15 .

如图1至图4所示，箱体外围侧壁1的部分墙体是一个或多个箱体外围侧壁温差电源9，箱体顶盖2的部分墙体是一个或多个顶盖温差电源11，箱体底板3的部分墙体是一个或多个箱体底板温差电源10，箱体内环侧壁4的部分墙体是一个或多个箱体内环侧壁温差电源12。As shown in Figures 1 to 4, part of the wall of theouter side wall 1 of the box is one or more temperaturedifference power supplies 9 on the outer side wall of the box, and part of the wall of the top cover 2 of the box is one or more temperature difference power supplies of the top cover.Power supply 11, part of the wall of thebox bottom plate 3 is one or more box bottom thermoelectric power supplies 10, and part of the wall of the box innerring side wall 4 is one or more box inner ring side wall thermoelectric power supplies 12.

如图3、图5、图7及图8所示，箱体外围侧壁温差电源9的热侧9H位于箱体内壁，与箱体内液体17接触，冷侧9C位于箱体外壁，与空气直接接触；顶盖温差电源11的热侧11H位于箱体内壁，与箱体内汽空间16接触，冷侧11C位于箱体外壁，与空气直接接触；箱体底板温差电源10的热侧10H位于热液扩展通道13内，与热液扩展通道液体18直接接触，冷侧10C位于箱体内壁，与箱体内液体17直接接触；箱体内环侧壁温差电源12的热侧（12H）位于箱体内壁，与箱体内液体17接触，冷侧12H位于箱体外壁，与通风通道15内的空气接触。As shown in Figure 3, Figure 5, Figure 7 and Figure 8, thehot side 9H of the temperaturedifference power supply 9 on the peripheral side wall of the box is located on the inner wall of the box, and is in contact with the liquid 17 in the box, and thecold side 9C is located on the outer wall of the box, directly in contact with the air. Contact; thehot side 11H of thethermoelectric power supply 11 on the top cover is located on the inner wall of the box and is in contact with thesteam space 16 in the box, and thecold side 11C is located on the outer wall of the box and is in direct contact with the air; thehot side 10H of thethermoelectric power supply 10 on the bottom plate of the box is located on the hot liquid In theexpansion channel 13, it is in direct contact with the hot liquidexpansion channel liquid 18, thecold side 10C is located on the inner wall of the box, and is in direct contact with the liquid 17 in the box; the hot side (12H) of the temperaturedifference power supply 12 on the inner ring side wall of the box is located on the inner wall of the box , is in contact with the liquid 17 in the box, and the cold side 12H is located on the outer wall of the box, and is in contact with the air in theventilation channel 15 .

如图6、图7及图8所示，热液通过热液总管8流入热液扩展通道13，热液与箱体底板温差电源10的热侧10H在热液扩展通道13内充分接触，并通过箱体热液入口管线7流入箱体。As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the hot liquid flows into the hotliquid expansion channel 13 through the hot liquidmain pipe 8, and the hot liquid fully contacts with thehot side 10H of thethermoelectric power supply 10 on the bottom plate of the box body in the thermalliquid expansion channel 13, and It flows into the tank through the tank hotliquid inlet line 7.

如图1及图2所示，箱体外围侧壁1上设有一个或多个箱体蒸汽出口6，箱体蒸汽出口6位于箱体内液体17液面以上，连通箱体汽空间16和箱体外大气。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, one or morecasing steam outlets 6 are arranged on theperipheral side wall 1 of the casing. In vitro atmosphere.

如图1、图2、图4及图5所示，箱体蒸汽出口6上装有用于加强通风的排风机，该排风机可由箱体外围侧壁温差电源9，顶盖温差电源11或箱体内环侧壁温差电源12供电。在箱体内液体17温度逐渐升高并开始沸腾的过程中，在箱体汽空间16内会积聚大量蒸汽，排风机可以促进这些蒸汽的排出。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, thesteam outlet 6 of the cabinet is equipped with an exhaust fan for enhanced ventilation. The temperaturedifference power supply 12 on the side wall of the inner ring supplies power. When the temperature of the liquid 17 in the tank gradually rises and begins to boil, a large amount of steam will accumulate in thesteam space 16 of the tank, and the exhaust fan can promote the discharge of these steams.

如图1、图2及图4至图8所示，箱体底板3上，与箱体内环侧壁4相连的拐角处，设有一个或多个屏蔽泵14，该屏蔽泵可由箱体底板温差电源10，箱体外围侧壁温差电源9，顶盖温差电源11或箱体内环侧壁温差电源12供电。屏蔽泵将水吸入并加速向上排出，从而促进自然循环。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, on the bottom plate of thebox body 3, at the corner connected with the innerring side wall 4 of the box body, one or morecanned pumps 14 are provided, and the canned pumps can be provided by the box body The temperaturedifference power supply 10 for the bottom plate, the temperaturedifference power supply 9 for the peripheral side wall of the box body, the temperaturedifference power supply 11 for the top cover or the temperaturedifference power supply 12 for the inner ring side wall of the box. Canned pumps draw water in and expel it upwards, promoting natural circulation.

如图1、图2、图4及图5所示，箱体底板3上具有一条或多条箱体冷液流出管线5，该管线比箱体热液入口管线（7）更靠近箱体外围侧壁（1）。这样的布置更有利于提高箱体内液体17的搅混，使热水加速向上流动，冷水加速向下流动，从而促进自然循环。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, there are one or more coolingliquid outflow pipelines 5 on thebottom plate 3 of the tank, which are closer to the periphery of the tank than the hot liquid inlet pipeline (7) of the tank side wall (1). Such an arrangement is more conducive to improving the mixing of the liquid 17 in the tank, accelerating the upward flow of hot water and accelerating the downward flow of cold water, thereby promoting natural circulation.

显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其同等技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. one kind is utilized temperature difference power supply to realize the liquid storage bin that internal flow drives, the cabinet space of this liquid storage bin is by casing peripheral sidewall (1), casing top cover (2), ring-side wall (4) surrounds and forms in box bottom (3) and the casing, air one gusset of ring-side wall (4) becomes vent passages (15) in the casing, it is characterized in that on described storage bin relevant position being provided with temperature difference power supply by following a kind of or some kinds of modes:

(1) body of wall of casing peripheral sidewall (1) is provided with one or more temperature difference power supplys (9), and the hot side of temperature difference power supply (9H) is positioned at cabinet wall, contacts with liquid in the casing (17), and cold side (9C) is positioned at cabinet exterior, directly contacts with air;

(2) body of wall of ring-side wall (4) is provided with one or more temperature difference power supplys (12) in the casing, the hot side (12H) of temperature difference power supply (12) is positioned at endocyclic outer wall, contact with liquid in the casing (17), cold side (12H) is positioned at the ring inwall, and the air interior with vent passages (15) contacts;

(3) casing top cover (2) is provided with one or more temperature difference power supplys (11), and the hot side (11H) of temperature difference power supply (11) is positioned at the top cover inwall, contacts with air space in the casing (16), and cold side (11C) is positioned at the top cover outer wall, directly contacts with air;

(4) box bottom (3) is provided with one or more temperature difference power supplys (10), the hot side (10H) of temperature difference power supply (10) is positioned at the hydrothermal solution passage of plate outer side, contact with hydrothermal solution channel liquid (18), cold side (10C) is positioned at cabinet wall, directly contacts with liquid in the casing (17);

And described casing also comprises following at least a structure:

(A) casing peripheral sidewall (1) is provided with one or more steam (vapor) outlets (6), and steam (vapor) outlet (6) is positioned at casing liquid (17) more than the liquid level, is equipped be used to the exhaust fan that adds forced ventilation near the steam (vapor) outlet (6);

(B) corner that ring-side wall (4) links to each other in box bottom (3) casing is provided with one or more canned motor pumps (14);

Described exhaust fan and/or canned motor pump are connected the acquisition power supply with described temperature difference power supply by cable.

2. a kind of temperature difference power supply that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 is realized the liquid storage bin that internal flow drives, it is characterized in that: be provided with one or more temperature difference power supplys (10) at box bottom (3), described hydrothermal solution passage is by hydrothermal solution house steward (8), hydrothermal solution extended channel (13) and some casing hydrothermal solution source lines (7).

3. a kind of temperature difference power supply that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is realized the liquid storage bin that internal flow drives, it is characterized in that: have the cold liquid of one or more casing on the box bottom (3) and flow out pipeline (5), this pipeline is than the more close casing peripheral sidewall of casing hydrothermal solution source line (7) (1).