技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种防范二次污染的紫外光催化废水降解反应器扩容方法，属于CO2F废水处理技术领域。The invention relates to a method for expanding the capacity of an ultraviolet photocatalytic wastewater degradation reactor for preventing secondary pollution, and belongs to the technical field of CO2F wastewater treatment.
背景技术Background technique
微波光催化降解处理技术，作为一种有效的针对含有机污染物工业废水的无害化处理技术，近年来颇受关注。Microwave photocatalytic degradation treatment technology, as an effective harmless treatment technology for industrial wastewater containing organic pollutants, has attracted much attention in recent years.
关于微波光催化降解技术，作为一例，可以参见公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案。Regarding the microwave photocatalytic degradation technology, as an example, refer to the Chinese patent application with publication number CN102260003A.
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，是以微波作为激发源，激发无极紫外灯发射紫外线，于液体内部照射掺有光催化剂二氧化钛的悬浊液，该无极紫外灯被石英管所笼罩保护着，有空气泵向该石英管内腔持续注入空气，由石英腔溢出的空气经由管道与位于反应器底部的微孔曝气头联通，该反应器内部的下方区域为曝气区，该反应器内部的上方区域是微波光催化反应区，该方案还以反应器内置的膜分离组件，来提析净化后的水，并以该膜分离组件实现光催化剂二氧化钛微粒的截留再用；该方案还在无极紫外光源与膜分离组件之间架设隔板，用于防止紫外线对有机质的膜分离组件的辐射损伤；通入反应器内部的空气，部分直接参与依托光催化剂二氧化钛的光催化降解反应，还有一部分空气，在紫外光的直接照射下，生成一定量的臭氧，该生成的臭氧当然也发挥着针对有机污染物的直接的氧化降解作用。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A uses microwaves as the excitation source to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to emit ultraviolet rays, and irradiates the suspension mixed with photocatalyst titanium dioxide inside the liquid. The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is shrouded and protected by a quartz tube. , an air pump continuously injects air into the inner chamber of the quartz tube, and the air overflowing from the quartz chamber communicates with the microporous aeration head at the bottom of the reactor through the pipe. The upper area is the microwave photocatalytic reaction zone. This scheme also uses the built-in membrane separation module of the reactor to extract the purified water, and uses the membrane separation module to realize the interception and reuse of the photocatalyst titanium dioxide particles; A partition is set up between the electrodeless ultraviolet light source and the membrane separation module to prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging the organic matter membrane separation module; part of the air that passes into the reactor directly participates in the photocatalytic degradation reaction relying on the photocatalyst titanium dioxide, and Part of the air, under the direct irradiation of ultraviolet light, generates a certain amount of ozone, which of course also plays a direct role in the oxidation and degradation of organic pollutants.
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案毫无疑问为微波光催化废水降解技术的进步起到了不可忽视的推动作用，其研发人员在该领域所展开的工作令人敬佩。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A has undoubtedly played a non-negligible role in promoting the progress of microwave photocatalytic wastewater degradation technology, and the work carried out by its researchers in this field is admirable.
基于由衷的敬佩之意，以及，共同的努力方向，我们下面要谈的是问题。Based on sincere admiration and common direction of efforts, what we are going to talk about next is the problem.
以下将要谈到的问题，共有十个；该十个问题是并列的十个问题；其排序的先后仅仅是出于论述便捷的考虑。There are ten questions in total that will be discussed below; these ten questions are parallel ten questions; the order of their ranking is only for the convenience of discussion.
问题之一：One of the problems:
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其用于拦截催化剂二氧化钛微粒的膜分离组件是安置于反应器内腔，浸没在处理对象液体之中，并且依靠升腾的含臭氧气泡来冲刷膜分离组件，藉此除去其表面所吸附、滞留的催化剂微粒，达成催化剂微粒的回收、再利用目的，同时，膜分离组件也是依靠这个方式自洁并保持其分离能力，那么，基于该结构，只能选用商业用帘式中空纤维膜组件或平板膜组件，并且，该膜分离组件是需要浸泡在有臭氧气泡升腾的强氧化性的周遭环境中，因此，对膜分离组件的氧化耐受力必然有要求，普通材质的有机膜分离组件不能耐受这样的使用环境，故只能选用PVDF材质的膜分离组件，这一点已在该案公开文本第0009段文字以及权项3中清楚地表明；该种需要特殊的氧化耐受力的滤膜其材质成本较高，其市售价格当然也高于无氧化耐受力要求的普通有机微滤膜组件；换句话说，该案的结构方式，导致膜分离组件的材质被局限于较昂贵的PVDF材质。再有，装置内可能的紫外光泄露，可能触及有机膜组件，这也要求装置内的有机膜组件材质能够抵抗紫外光辐照，从这一点看，基于该装置的结构方案，有机膜分离组件的材质也只能被局限在较昂贵的PVDF材质。The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the membrane separation assembly used to intercept catalyst titanium dioxide particles is placed in the inner cavity of the reactor, immersed in the liquid to be treated, and relies on rising ozone-containing bubbles to flush the membrane separation assembly , so as to remove the catalyst particles adsorbed and retained on its surface, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling and reusing the catalyst particles. At the same time, the membrane separation module also relies on this method to self-clean and maintain its separation ability. Then, based on this structure, only Commercial curtain-type hollow fiber membrane modules or flat-panel membrane modules, and the membrane separation module needs to be immersed in a strong oxidative surrounding environment where ozone bubbles rise, so there must be requirements for the oxidation resistance of the membrane separation module , the organic membrane separation module made of ordinary materials cannot withstand such a use environment, so the membrane separation module made of PVDF can only be used, which has been clearly stated in paragraph 0009 of the public document of the case and item 3; The material cost of the filter membrane that requires special oxidation tolerance is relatively high, and its market price is of course higher than that of ordinary organic microfiltration membrane components without oxidation tolerance requirements; in other words, the structure of the case leads to membrane The material of the separation components is limited to the more expensive PVDF material. In addition, the possible ultraviolet light leakage in the device may touch the organic membrane module, which also requires the material of the organic membrane module in the device to be able to resist ultraviolet radiation. From this point of view, based on the structural scheme of the device, the organic membrane separation module The material can only be limited to the more expensive PVDF material.
有机膜组件相较于陶制过滤组件，有其显而易见的优势；关于这一点，对于过滤技术专业的人士来说，是公知的，在这里不展开赘述。Compared with ceramic filter components, organic membrane components have obvious advantages; this point is well known to those skilled in filtration technology, and will not be repeated here.
那么，在使用有机材质膜组件的前提之下，能否撇开这种PVDF滤膜材质局限呢？这是一个需要解决的问题，此为问题之一。So, under the premise of using organic material membrane modules, can we get rid of the limitations of this PVDF membrane material? This is a problem that needs to be solved, this is one of the problems.
问题之二：Question two:
鉴于所述升腾气泡的冲刷力、清洁能力比较弱，因此，与该清洁方式配合使用的膜分离组件其孔径只能选用比较大的微滤级别的滤孔孔径，该微滤级别的滤孔孔径为0.1-0.2微米，关于这一点，同样在该案公开文本第0009段文字以及权项3中有清楚的限定，该种滤孔孔径限定，从该案这样的膜分离组件的选型、内置且浸泡使用方式、升腾气泡自洁方法来看，是必然的，只能限定其滤孔孔径在微滤级别。换句话说，这种以升腾气泡冲刷的方式其冲刷力、清洁力太弱，以至于根本无法应对更小孔径的滤膜，所以说，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径限定在0.1微米-0.2微米之间，是没有商量余地的必然选择。In view of the relatively weak scouring force and cleaning ability of the rising air bubbles, the pore diameter of the membrane separation module used in conjunction with this cleaning method can only be selected from relatively large microfiltration grade filter pore diameters. It is 0.1-0.2 microns. On this point, it is also clearly defined in paragraph 0009 of the public text of the case and claim 3. The pore size of this kind of filter is limited. From the selection, built-in In addition, it is inevitable in terms of the method of soaking and the self-cleaning method of rising bubbles, and the pore size of the filter can only be limited to the microfiltration level. In other words, the scouring and cleaning power of this method of scouring with rising bubbles is too weak to deal with the filter membrane with a smaller pore size. Therefore, in the device in this case, the pore size of the filter membrane is limited to 0.1 micron- Between 0.2 microns is an inevitable choice without room for negotiation.
所谓0.1-0.2微米的滤孔孔径，如果换一个计量单位，对应的就是100-200纳米的滤孔孔径；那是什么概念呢？以其下限的100纳米滤孔孔径来说，它所能拦截的催化剂微粒其尺寸必须是在100纳米以上，而小于100纳米的催化剂微粒是无法被拦截的；换句话说，小于100纳米的催化剂微粒将直接穿透、通过膜组件的滤孔，混入降解反应器所输出的所谓的净水之中。The so-called filter pore size of 0.1-0.2 microns, if you change the measurement unit, corresponds to the filter pore size of 100-200 nanometers; what is that concept? In terms of its lower limit of 100 nanometer filter pore size, the size of the catalyst particles it can intercept must be above 100 nanometers, and catalyst particles smaller than 100 nanometers cannot be intercepted; in other words, catalyst particles smaller than 100 nanometers The particles will directly penetrate and pass through the filter pores of the membrane module and mix into the so-called clean water output from the degradation reactor.
现在需要来谈谈紫外光催化降解反应所涉光催化剂的粒径以及光催化剂剂型选择。Now we need to talk about the particle size of the photocatalyst involved in the ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation reaction and the selection of the photocatalyst dosage form.
从事光催化降解研究的专业人士都知道，以紫外光激励的光化学降解反应，其催化剂多选用二氧化钛微粒催化剂；目前，在实验室水平上已经研发出品种繁多的基于二氧化钛光催化特性的光降解用微粒催化剂，当然，这些不同制备方式形成的光降解用催化剂，其粒径也是多样的；不同制备方法制成的光催化剂其粒径小至20纳米，大至100000纳米也即100微米，都有，其中不乏性能优异的光催化剂品种；但是，由于性能长期稳定性评价、制备成本以及市场拓展等等方面因素的制约，绝大多数的所述光催化剂其供应能力仅局限于实验室水平，而没有能够形成大规模市售的生产水平；目前周知的能够大量购买到的市售的能够实际大量使用的用于紫外光波段的光催化剂是著名的气相二氧化钛P25；气相二氧化钛P25其具体技术含义，业内人士都知道，在这里不展开赘述；气相二氧化钛P25的平均粒径是21纳米；气相二氧化钛P25性能不算最优，但是，其性能稳定，关键是可以在市场上大量购买得到，并可以在工业规模上大量使用，因此，光催化专业实验室里也常常用P25催化剂来作为衡量各种自制光催化剂催化性能的参照指针或对比指针，事实上，鉴于紫外光催化降解反应的特点，分散度越高的光催化剂，越是适合该型反应的需要，也就是说，平均粒径在21纳米左右的光催化剂其所能够提供的触媒界面面积、抗沉降能力、催化性能长期稳定性等等方面，综合而言，是最理想的。简单地讲，目前，价廉物美，能够实际大量购买、使用的现成的市售的商品级的紫外光波段的光催化剂，就是平均粒径为21纳米的气相二氧化钛P25催化剂；在工业规模的应用层面，这种平均粒径为21纳米的光催化剂是事实上的首选。Professionals engaged in photocatalytic degradation research know that the photochemical degradation reaction stimulated by ultraviolet light mostly uses titanium dioxide particulate catalyst as the catalyst; at present, a wide variety of photodegradation agents based on the photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide have been developed at the laboratory level. Microparticle catalysts, of course, the photodegradation catalysts formed by these different preparation methods have various particle sizes; the photocatalysts made by different preparation methods have a particle size as small as 20 nanometers, as large as 100,000 nanometers, that is, 100 microns. , among them there is no shortage of photocatalyst varieties with excellent performance; however, due to the constraints of long-term performance stability evaluation, preparation cost, market expansion and other factors, the supply capacity of most of the photocatalysts is limited to the laboratory level, while There is no large-scale commercial production level; the commercially available photocatalyst that can be purchased in large quantities and can be used in large quantities for ultraviolet light is the famous gas phase titanium dioxide P25; the specific technical meaning of gas phase titanium dioxide P25, People in the industry know that they will not go into details here; the average particle size of fumed titanium dioxide P25 is 21 nanometers; the performance of fumed titanium dioxide P25 is not optimal, but its performance is stable, the key is that it can be purchased in large quantities in the market, and can be purchased in It is widely used on an industrial scale. Therefore, P25 catalysts are often used in professional photocatalytic laboratories as a reference or comparison pointer to measure the catalytic performance of various self-made photocatalysts. In fact, in view of the characteristics of ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation reactions, the degree of dispersion The higher the photocatalyst, the more suitable it is for this type of reaction, that is to say, the photocatalyst with an average particle size of about 21 nanometers can provide catalyst interface area, anti-sedimentation ability, long-term stability of catalytic performance, etc. , on the whole, is the most ideal. To put it simply, at present, the photocatalysts that are cheap and good, and can be purchased and used in large quantities in the commercially available commercial grade in the ultraviolet light band are the gas-phase titanium dioxide P25 catalysts with an average particle size of 21 nanometers; the application on an industrial scale At the level, this photocatalyst with an average particle size of 21 nanometers is the de facto first choice.
上文已述及，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其用于拦截光催化剂的膜组件，是以升腾气泡的冲刷来剥离膜组件表面所吸附、沉积的催化剂微粒，然而，该种以升腾气泡冲刷的方式其冲刷力、清洁力太弱，以至于根本无法应对更小孔径的滤膜，因此，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径被限定在0.1微米-0.2微米之间微滤滤孔级别，换个计量单位来说，在该案装置中，滤膜孔径被限定在100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔级别，这是没有商量余地的必然选择；该案无可选择的100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔当然无法拦截如上所述的平均粒径为21纳米的气相二氧化钛P25颗粒；那么，如果使用P25光催化剂，该催化剂将完全无法拦截，并流入所谓的净水中，形成二次污染，当然也造成催化剂的严重损失和无法再用；即便是使用其它品种的为此而特制的大粒径的二氧化钛光催化剂，其使用过程中因相互碰撞或与器壁碰撞，必然也会产生大量小粒径碎片，其中粒径小于100纳米的碎片，同样不能被100纳米-200纳米之间的微滤滤孔所拦截，这些小碎片也会透过其膜组件进入所谓的净水之中，形成二次污染。As mentioned above, the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A is used to intercept the photocatalyst membrane assembly, which is to peel off the catalyst particles adsorbed and deposited on the surface of the membrane assembly by scouring the rising bubbles. However, this kind The scouring force and cleaning force are too weak to cope with the filter membrane with smaller pore size in the way of rising bubble scouring. Therefore, in this case, the pore size of the filter membrane is limited to between 0.1 micron and 0.2 micron. Filter pore level, to change the unit of measurement, in this case device, the filter membrane pore size is limited to the microfiltration filter pore level between 100nm and 200nm, which is an inevitable choice without room for negotiation; there is no choice in this case Of course, the microfiltration filter holes between 100 nanometers and 200 nanometers cannot intercept the above-mentioned fumed titanium dioxide P25 particles with an average particle size of 21 nanometers; In the purified water, secondary pollution is formed, which of course also causes serious loss of the catalyst and can no longer be used; The wall collision will inevitably produce a large number of small particle size fragments, among which the particle size is less than 100 nanometers, which cannot be intercepted by the microfiltration filter holes between 100 nanometers and 200 nanometers, and these small fragments will also pass through its membrane. Components enter the so-called clean water, causing secondary pollution.
可见，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其针对光催化剂微粒的拦截结构方案以及相关膜组件的清洁方案都不理想。It can be seen that in the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the interception structure scheme for photocatalyst particles and the cleaning scheme for related membrane modules are not ideal.
因此，如何在兼收并蓄该案优点的前提之下，达成针对光催化剂微粒的精细的拦截和回收再用，是一个很值得深思的重要课题，此为问题之二。Therefore, how to achieve fine interception and recycling of photocatalyst particles on the premise of incorporating the advantages of this case is an important topic worth pondering, and this is the second question.
问题之三：Question 3:
我们知道，液态水体其本身也能够吸收微波的能量，并导致被处理的液态水体其本身的温升效应，而这种伴随废水处理过程而出现的温升效应，却不是我们所期待的情形，换句话说，来自磁控管的微波能量没有完全被用于激发无极紫外灯，而有相当一部分本应只用于激发无极紫外灯的微波能量被耗散于所述的温升效应，该种不受待见的温升效应造成了不必要的微波能量浪费，鉴于上述公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案所展示的装置结构方案，其合理的途径，只能是通过减少微波光催化反应器的体积或者说减少单罐处理容量来来达成弱化微波多余耗散的目的，关于这一点，在该CN102260003A申请案其具体实施方式中清晰表达了关于该装置结构整体的适宜尺寸，其所表达的优选尺寸对应的就是一个外形很小的装置，那么，如此一来，反应器内壁与微波辐射源的距离小了，与微波接触的废水量小了，废水所吸收的微波能量相对也小了，与之相对应地，单罐的废水处理量因此也小了，更具体地说，其实施例中所表达的装置适宜尺寸所对应的内部容积是40升，也即单罐废水处理量是40升，即0.04立方，换句话说，其一次全套、全程操作只解决了0.04立方的工业废水，那么，就需要进行很多次的由首至尾的全套操作的重复，其处理量的累加才具有工业规模的意义，打个比方说，只是个大致的比方，该案其优选结构尺寸大致对应的单罐0.04立方这样的废水处理量，需要重复1000次的由首至尾的全套、全程操作，其累加量，才能达到40立方这样一个具有工业水平的的废水处理量，如此过度繁琐的重复操作将导致人力、物力的严重浪费，可见，该种由CN102260003A所展示的方案其实际的废水降解处理效率可能不能尽如人意。因此，如何在不造成更多微波能量浪费或减少微波能量浪费的前提下，增加单罐废水处理量，减少该间歇式废水处理装置的不必要的太多的由首至尾的重复操作次数，提高其废水处理效率，是一个有意义的值得关注的技术问题，此为问题之三。We know that the liquid water itself can also absorb microwave energy and cause the temperature rise effect of the treated liquid water itself, but this temperature rise effect accompanying the wastewater treatment process is not what we expect. In other words, the microwave energy from the magnetron is not completely used to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, but a considerable part of the microwave energy that should only be used to excite the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is dissipated due to the temperature rise effect. The unwelcome temperature rise effect has caused unnecessary waste of microwave energy. In view of the device structure scheme shown in the above-mentioned Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the only reasonable way is to reduce the microwave photocatalytic reactor. In other words, the volume of the single tank is reduced to achieve the purpose of weakening the redundant dissipation of microwaves. Regarding this point, in the specific implementation of the CN102260003A application, the appropriate size of the overall structure of the device is clearly expressed, and the expressed The preferred size corresponds to a device with a very small shape. In this way, the distance between the inner wall of the reactor and the microwave radiation source is small, the amount of waste water in contact with the microwave is small, and the microwave energy absorbed by the waste water is relatively small. Correspondingly, the waste water treatment capacity of a single tank is therefore also small. More specifically, the internal volume corresponding to the suitable size of the device expressed in its embodiment is 40 liters, that is, the waste water treatment capacity of a single tank is 40 liters. liter, that is, 0.04 cubic meters. In other words, its one-time full-scale operation only solves 0.04 cubic meters of industrial wastewater. Then, it is necessary to repeat the whole set of operations many times from the beginning to the end. The meaning of industrial scale, for example, is just a rough example. The preferred structural size of this case roughly corresponds to a wastewater treatment capacity of 0.04 cubic meters in a single tank, which needs to be repeated 1,000 times from the beginning to the end. Its accumulative volume can only reach 40 cubic meters of waste water with an industrial level. Such excessively cumbersome repeated operations will lead to serious waste of manpower and material resources. It can be seen that the actual waste water degradation treatment of this kind of scheme shown by CN102260003A Efficiency may not be as good as desired. Therefore, under the premise of not causing more waste of microwave energy or reducing the waste of microwave energy, how to increase the wastewater treatment capacity of a single tank and reduce the unnecessary number of repeated operations from the beginning to the end of the intermittent wastewater treatment device, Improving its wastewater treatment efficiency is a meaningful technical issue worthy of attention, and this is the third issue.
问题之四：Question 4:
该种由CN102260003A所展示的方案，其反应罐内部漫布升腾的气泡，对于推动反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动，贡献稍显不足；当然，该不足之处，对于CN102260003A方案如其具体实施方式中清晰表达的事实上对应的小尺寸、小容量装置来说，几乎没有什么可观测的影响。从工业规模的应用需求来看，小尺寸的不能扩张处理量的装置当然没有多大的吸引力；那么，作为一种可能性，倘若有某种方式能够实现处理量的大幅扩张，此情形下，反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动其重要性就会自然地凸显出来；设想一下这种处理量大幅扩张的可能性，那么，如何强化反应罐内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动，当然就是个问题，此为问题之四。This kind of scheme shown by CN102260003A, its reaction tank interior diffuses the rising bubble, contributes slightly to the relatively large-scale circulation motion of the liquid inside the reaction tank; certainly, this deficiency is as specific to the CN102260003A scheme What is articulated in the implementation actually has little observable effect for small size, low capacity devices. From the perspective of industrial-scale application requirements, small-sized devices that cannot expand the processing capacity are of course not very attractive; then, as a possibility, if there is a way to achieve a large expansion of processing capacity, in this case, The importance of the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reaction tank will naturally be highlighted; imagine the possibility of a large expansion of the processing capacity, then how to strengthen the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reaction tank, of course That's a problem, and this is the fourth problem.
问题之五：Question five:
对于紫外光波段的光化学催化氧化反应来说，有以下这么几个要素会影响到该种氧化反应的效率，其一是紫外光波长、强度，其二是光催化剂的粒径、单位体积反应液中光催化剂的使用量、光催化剂其自身的催化性能等等，其三是被氧化对象即水体中有机物的浓度、有机物分子结构其自身所决定的氧化难易程度等等，其四是氧气气氛的充足程度，在其它条件相同的情况下，氧气气氛的充足程度，就会成为影响光化学催化氧化降解能力的一个举足轻重的要素。For the photochemical catalytic oxidation reaction in the ultraviolet band, the following factors will affect the efficiency of the oxidation reaction, one is the wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet light, and the other is the particle size of the photocatalyst and the reaction solution per unit volume. The amount of photocatalyst used in the medium, the catalytic performance of the photocatalyst itself, etc., the third is the concentration of organic matter in the water body, the difficulty of oxidation determined by the molecular structure of the organic matter, etc., and the fourth is the oxygen atmosphere The degree of adequacy of the oxygen atmosphere, under other conditions being the same, the degree of adequacy of the oxygen atmosphere will become a decisive factor affecting the ability of photochemical catalytic oxidation degradation.
如CN102260003A所展示的方案，其安置于反应器内腔下部的众多微孔曝气头漫布在底部，并借由其所称的布水板，使得这种微孔曝气头漫布安排的效果变得更甚，当然，这对于使用相对容易沉降的大颗粒的微米级的光催化剂的情形而言，的确存在其有利的一面，但是，从另一面来看，这种微孔曝气头漫布安排的方式，氧气气氛的供给过于分散，而实际上最需要强化供氧的区域的是光化学催化氧化的最有效区域，由于短波紫外线在液态水体中的有效穿透深度只有20厘米左右，因此，最需要强化供氧以促进光化学催化氧化进程的有效区域实际上就是在石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域，换句话说，石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域是真正需要强化氧气气氛供给保障的区域，这个区域氧气气氛供给越强，氧化反应也就进行得越快；尤其特别地，以微波激励方式来产生无极紫外发射，其特点就是可以做到大功率、高强度，这是无极紫外灯这种灯型的强项，然而，正因为其紫外辐射的高功率、高强度，就更需要以强大的氧气气氛供给能力进行匹配，否则的话，那个强大的紫外辐射能力就真的是大部分被浪费了。上文已经述及，如CN102260003A所展示的方案，诸多因素限制了它的反应器尺寸，限制了它的实际处理容量，就如其具体实施例中清楚地表明的那样，那只能是一个单罐单次处理量只有40升左右的小反应器，在这样的小反应器、小内腔的情况下，因为尺寸本身就很小，那么，它在光化学催化氧化有效区域供氧集中度方面的欠缺，就不会那么明显，甚至可以忽略不计，更甚至完全可以看做是一个根本不存在的问题，面对那样的小尺寸的小反应器，关于供氧集中度方面的欠缺问题，根本就不可能浮上脑际；但是，设想一下，倘若能够克服所述诸多限制因素，倘若能够有办法实际构建一个大型、大处理量的反应器，那么上述石英管周边20厘米距离之内有效区域供氧强化问题就会凸现出来，尤其对于使用无极紫外灯作为紫外辐射源的情况，上述石英管周边20厘米距离之内有效区域供氧强化问题更加不容藐视，因此，如何在可能的大型无极紫外光催化氧化降解反应器的构建之中，增强所述有效区域的供氧集中度、提高废水降解设备的效能，就是个需要盯住的问题，此为问题之五。As shown in the scheme of CN102260003A, the numerous microporous aeration heads placed in the lower part of the reactor cavity are distributed on the bottom, and by means of the so-called water distribution plate, the arrangement of the microporous aeration heads is diffused. The effect becomes even worse. Of course, this does have its favorable side for the situation of using relatively easy-to-settling large-particle micron-scale photocatalysts. However, from the other side, this microporous aeration head In the way of diffuse arrangement, the supply of oxygen atmosphere is too scattered, but in fact the area most in need of enhanced oxygen supply is the most effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation. Since the effective penetration depth of short-wave ultraviolet rays in liquid water is only about 20 cm, Therefore, the effective area that needs to strengthen the oxygen supply to promote the process of photochemical catalytic oxidation is actually the area within about 20 cm around the quartz tube, in other words, the area within about 20 cm around the quartz tube is the area that really needs Strengthen the area where the oxygen atmosphere supply is guaranteed. The stronger the oxygen atmosphere supply in this area, the faster the oxidation reaction will proceed; especially, the use of microwave excitation to generate infinite ultraviolet emission is characterized by high power and high intensity. , this is the strong point of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp. However, because of the high power and high intensity of its ultraviolet radiation, it needs to be matched with a strong oxygen atmosphere supply capacity, otherwise, the strong ultraviolet radiation capacity will be It really is mostly wasted. As mentioned above, in the scheme shown in CN102260003A, many factors limit its reactor size and limit its actual processing capacity. As clearly shown in its specific examples, it can only be a single tank A small reactor with a single treatment volume of only about 40 liters, in the case of such a small reactor and small inner cavity, because the size itself is very small, then it lacks in the concentration of oxygen supply in the effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation , it will not be so obvious, it can even be ignored, and it can even be regarded as a problem that does not exist at all. In the face of such a small-sized small reactor, the problem of lack of concentration of oxygen supply is not at all It may come to mind; however, imagine that if the above-mentioned many limiting factors can be overcome, and if there is a way to actually build a large-scale, large-capacity reactor, then the problem of strengthening the oxygen supply in the effective area within a distance of 20 cm around the above-mentioned quartz tube It will be highlighted, especially for the situation of using an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp as an ultraviolet radiation source, the problem of strengthening the oxygen supply in the effective area within a distance of 20 cm around the above-mentioned quartz tube cannot be ignored. In the construction of the reactor, enhancing the concentration of oxygen supply in the effective area and improving the efficiency of the wastewater degradation equipment is a problem that needs to be focused on, and this is the fifth problem.
问题之六：Question six:
该CN102260003A方案将空气泵入内含无极紫外灯的石英管之内，达成无极紫外灯的通风降温、冷却的目的，而那些流动经过石英管的空气，因受紫外线的照射，有一部分空气会转变为臭氧，因此，从石英管中流出的空气当然就是含有一些臭氧的空气，该方案将该含臭氧空气传输到位于反应器下方微孔曝气头，并从微孔曝气头释出，在这些含臭氧气泡自下而上的升腾过程中，其中所含的臭氧会与路程之中遇到的有机分子遭遇并发生氧化还原反应，这一氧化还原反应当然会消耗一部分臭氧，这是没有疑问的，但是，上文已经述及，如CN102260003A所展示的方案，必然存在的无法忽视的诸多的因素限制了它的反应器尺寸，限制了它的实际处理容量，就如其具体实施例中清楚地表明的那样，那只能是一个单罐单次处理量只有40升左右的小反应器，在这样的小反应器、小内腔的情况下，因为总体尺寸本身就很小，那么，其反应器内腔的纵向尺寸或者满打满算地视作盛液深度也只能是一个很小的尺寸，这个尺寸如其具体实施方式之中所清楚地表明的，只有大约40厘米，满打满算盛液深度也就只有40厘米，实际上盛液深度当然要小于这个数，就以40厘米的盛液深度来分析，那么，这个40厘米的盛液深度是个什么概念呢？那就是说，含臭氧空气升腾通过废水的路径只有短短的40厘米，这个路径太短了，含臭氧空气气泡飞快地穿越仅仅只有40厘米深的水体，与水体接触时间太短了，气泡中所含的臭氧，只能有很小的一部分被用于氧化降解有机物，而大部分的臭氧实际上只是简单地路过液体，从液面上逸出并经尾气排放口排空，简单地说，这些臭氧的氧化作用潜力大部分被浪费了，并且，逸出的、被浪费的臭氧实际上会造成不必要的空气污染；本案主要发明人曾以普通家用臭氧机经由微孔曝气头向一米深的储水池中打入含臭氧空气，在水深深度达一米的情况下，仍然能够在水面附近明显嗅到臭氧的气味，可见，那种40厘米深的盛液深度，显然是不足以完全利用臭氧；可见，对于无极紫外光化学催化废水降解反应器这种类型的设备来说，臭氧利用不完全的问题也需要关注，显然，人们更期待的是臭氧利用更完全、污染性尾气排放更少的无极紫外废水降解反应器，此为问题之六。The CN102260003A scheme pumps air into the quartz tube containing the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to achieve the purpose of ventilation, cooling and cooling of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, and the air flowing through the quartz tube will be partially transformed due to the irradiation of ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the air flowing out of the quartz tube is of course air containing some ozone. This scheme transmits the ozone-containing air to the microporous aeration head located below the reactor, and releases it from the microporous aeration head. During the bottom-up rise of these ozone-containing bubbles, the ozone contained in it will encounter the organic molecules encountered in the journey and undergo a redox reaction. Of course, this redox reaction will consume part of the ozone. There is no doubt about it. However, as mentioned above, as the scheme shown in CN102260003A, many factors that cannot be ignored inevitably limit its reactor size and limit its actual processing capacity, as clearly shown in its specific examples As indicated, it can only be a small reactor with a single treatment capacity of only about 40 liters in a single tank. In the case of such a small reactor and a small inner cavity, because the overall size itself is very small, then its reaction The longitudinal size of the inner cavity of the device or the depth of filling the liquid can only be a very small size. As clearly shown in its specific implementation, this size is only about 40 centimeters, and the depth of filling the liquid is only about 40 centimeters. 40 centimeters, in fact, the depth of the liquid is of course smaller than this number, so it is analyzed based on the depth of the liquid of 40 cm. Then, what is the concept of the depth of the liquid of 40 cm? That is to say, the path of the ozone-containing air rising through the wastewater is only a short 40 cm. This path is too short, and the ozone-containing air bubbles quickly pass through the water body that is only 40 cm deep. The contact time with the water body is too short. Only a small part of the contained ozone can be used to oxidize and degrade organic matter, while most of the ozone simply passes through the liquid, escapes from the liquid surface and is emptied through the exhaust outlet. Simply put, Most of the oxidation potential of these ozone is wasted, and the escaped and wasted ozone will actually cause unnecessary air pollution; Ozone-containing air is injected into a water storage tank with a depth of one meter. When the water depth reaches one meter, the smell of ozone can still be clearly smelled near the water surface. It can be seen that the liquid depth of 40 cm is obviously not enough. Complete utilization of ozone; it can be seen that for the type of equipment such as infinite ultraviolet photochemical catalytic wastewater degradation reactor, the problem of incomplete utilization of ozone also needs attention. Obviously, people expect more complete utilization of ozone and more polluting exhaust emissions. There are few infinite ultraviolet wastewater degradation reactors, which is the sixth problem.
问题之七：Question seven:
废水催化降解反应器其运作，需要消耗能量，因此，操作人员一定会希望，当废水降解反应进行到终点时，能够不偏不倚地、不过早也不过晚地即时地停止向反应器内部继续注入能量；停止注入能量的时刻倘若过早，则废水降解不完全；而如果早已达到反应终点，却仍然继续地向反应器内部注入能量，那毫无疑问是在浪费宝贵的能源。作为本案技术背景的CN102260003A方案其结构不能对废水降解反应终点时刻给出任何的即时的信息，那么，就只能靠经验来估计废水降解反应的终点；而靠经验来估计废水降解反应的终点，那显然不能令人满意；那么，如何针对废水降解反应终点时刻作出既不提前也无延迟的即时的信息输出，并在恰到好处的时刻即时地关闭对反应器的能量输入，就是一个不可藐视的技术门槛，此为问题之七。The operation of the wastewater catalytic degradation reactor needs to consume energy. Therefore, the operator will definitely hope that when the wastewater degradation reaction reaches the end, it can be impartial, neither too early nor too late to stop the continuous injection into the reactor. Energy; if the time to stop injecting energy is too early, the degradation of wastewater will not be complete; and if the end of the reaction has already been reached, but still continue to inject energy into the reactor, it is undoubtedly a waste of precious energy. As the structure of the CN102260003A scheme of the technical background of this case, any instant information cannot be given to the terminal moment of the wastewater degradation reaction, so, the terminal point of the wastewater degradation reaction can only be estimated by experience; and the terminal point of the wastewater degradation reaction is estimated by experience, That is obviously unsatisfactory; then, how to make an immediate information output that is neither advanced nor delayed for the end point of the wastewater degradation reaction, and immediately shut down the energy input to the reactor at just the right moment is a technology that cannot be underestimated Threshold, this is the seventh question.
问题之八：Question Eight:
接受微波光催化降解处理的所述工业废水，其中难免夹杂一些缘自机械系统磨耗过程的金属微粒以及碳粒之类的物质，即便数量微小，其存在几乎难以避免，该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案中的所述有机质膜分离组件装设于微波光催化反应区，其中的装设在石英管与膜分离组件之间的用于阻隔紫外线的隔板当然阻挡不了微波，如此，微波的实际作用区域必然覆盖该方案中所述有机质膜分离组件所装设区域，基于膜分离组件的工作机制，如上所述的金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒其在膜分离组件有机质表层的积淀过程难以避免，而此类所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒，恰恰是微波能量的良好吸收介质，吸收了微波能量的积淀态的所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒，自然会对其紧贴的有机质膜分离组件的表层产生基于热透蚀机制的持续的洞穿破坏，如上所述，由于该CN102260003A申请案其装置的结构决定了只能选用聚偏氟乙烯膜材，该聚偏氟乙烯膜材耐温约140摄氏度，比一般膜材耐温确实高不少，然而，吸收了微波能量的积淀态的所述金属微粒以及碳粒之类的微粒其点状洞穿式的热透蚀作用十分容易突破该聚偏氟乙烯膜材的耐温温限，由于上述原因，可想而知，该CN102260003A申请案其装置中的PVDF膜材其实际使用寿命将大大低于所期待的理想的使用寿命，该CN102260003A申请案其装置的结构，决定了在该结构框架下，上述点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题无法回避；因此，如何绕开该点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题，亦需思量，此为问题之八。The industrial wastewater subjected to microwave photocatalytic degradation treatment is inevitably mixed with some metal particles and carbon particles derived from the wear process of the mechanical system. Even if the amount is small, its existence is almost unavoidable. The organic matter membrane separation module in the patent application is installed in the microwave photocatalytic reaction area, and the partition plate for blocking ultraviolet rays installed between the quartz tube and the membrane separation module cannot block the microwave, so the microwave The actual action area must cover the installation area of the organic matter membrane separation module mentioned in the scheme. Based on the working mechanism of the membrane separation module, the deposition process of the above-mentioned metal particles and carbon particles on the surface of the organic matter of the membrane separation module It is unavoidable, and such particles such as metal particles and carbon particles are just good absorbing media for microwave energy, and particles such as metal particles and carbon particles that have absorbed microwave energy in a precipitated state will naturally The surface layer of the organic membrane separation module that is closely attached to it produces continuous penetration damage based on the thermal penetration mechanism. As mentioned above, due to the structure of the device in the CN102260003A application, only polyvinylidene fluoride membrane materials can be used. The temperature resistance of vinyl fluoride film is about 140 degrees Celsius, which is indeed much higher than that of ordinary film materials. However, the metal particles and carbon particles in the deposited state that have absorbed microwave energy have a point-shaped hole-like heat penetration. Corrosion is very easy to break through the temperature-resistant temperature limit of the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. Due to the above reasons, it is conceivable that the actual service life of the PVDF membrane in the device of the CN102260003A application will be much lower than the expected ideal service life, the structure of the device in the CN102260003A application determines that under the framework of this structure, the above-mentioned point-like penetration-type thermal penetration damage problem cannot be avoided; therefore, how to bypass the point-like penetration-type thermal penetration damage Questions also need to be considered, this is the eighth question.
问题之九：Question nine:
该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案，其说明书公开文本正文第0008段文字及权利要求第二项，对于其装置所能适用的催化剂粒径范围，有一个限定，该粒径范围限定为20纳米至100微米。我们知道，在某些PH值预先调节不到位、PH值不恰当的情况下，二氧化钛微粒容易发生团聚，进而影响其有效工作界面面积，影响其光催化效能；尤其对于该粒径范围之中的那些相对较小粒径的区段，更是容易出现因PH值预调不到位、PH值不恰当而导致的团聚问题；对于这种催化剂微粒团聚的情况，是必须即时地采取有效措施，进行针对团聚体的解聚运作；然而，我们在该CN102260003A方案之中，没有看到任何的有助于即时地化解这一问题的结构或能够即时地化解该问题的方案提示。对于如CN102260003A方案那般因诸多因素限制而只能是小尺寸结构的反应器，尚可以人工直接提起反应器，进行倾倒并在反应器外部检视、处理上述团聚情况，那么，倘若有可能扩张其容量，只是打个比方说，倘若是数个立方到数十个立方的大型反应器或巨型反应器，那显然不是手工倾倒其操作所能够对付的问题了，那么，对于这种催化剂微粒相互团聚的情况，如何实现即时原位处置，就是一个技术问题，此为问题之九。The Chinese patent application whose publication number is CN102260003A has a limitation on the particle size range of the catalyst applicable to its device, and the particle size range is limited to 20 nanometers to 100 microns. We know that in some cases where the pH value is not pre-adjusted in place and the pH value is inappropriate, titanium dioxide particles are prone to agglomeration, which will affect its effective working interface area and affect its photocatalytic performance; especially for particles in this particle size range Those sections with relatively small particle sizes are more prone to agglomeration problems caused by improper pH value pre-adjustment and inappropriate pH value; for this kind of catalyst particle agglomeration, effective measures must be taken immediately to carry out Aiming at the disaggregation operation of aggregates; however, in the CN102260003A scheme, we have not seen any structure that helps to resolve this problem immediately or a proposal that can immediately resolve this problem. For the reactor that can only be a small-sized structure due to many factors such as the CN102260003A scheme, it is still possible to directly lift the reactor manually, pour it over and inspect and handle the above-mentioned agglomeration situation outside the reactor, so if it is possible to expand its Capacity, just as a metaphor, if it is a large reactor or a giant reactor with several cubic meters to tens of cubic meters, it is obviously not a problem that can be solved by manual dumping. How to realize immediate in-situ disposal is a technical problem, and this is the ninth problem.
问题之十：Question ten:
在该公开号为CN102260003A的中国专利申请案所表达的装置结构中，用于屏护无极紫外灯的石英管，其外壁，指的是石英管的外壁，经长时间的与被处理工业废水的接触，难免逐渐积垢，垢积的物质当然主要是不易被光催化反应所触动的无机类杂质，因该机制形成的积垢现象，在设备长时间运行之后很容易被观察到；附着于所述石英管外壁的垢积层，虽然只是薄薄的一层，也足以对无极紫外灯的紫外光辐射造成显著的阻挡，这将导致该微波光催化反应处理装置的实际处理效力大幅减小；其反应器内漫布升腾的气泡因过于分散，冲刷力量较弱，倘若仅依靠该比较分散的气泡来维持石英管表面的光洁，着实是勉为其难，换句话说，该比较分散的气泡，其较弱的冲刷力量尚不足以完全阻挡该石英管表面的积垢进程；在实验室尺度的使用过程中，上述积垢问题不易觉察，但是，在工业应用尺度上，该积垢问题毫无疑问将凸显出来；因此，如何在不拆机的前提下，即时、有效地清除该石英管外壁上的垢积层，维持该微波光催化处理装置的持续的高效率，该问题亦不可忽视，此为问题之十。In the device structure expressed in the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102260003A, the outer wall of the quartz tube used to screen the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp refers to the outer wall of the quartz tube, which is treated with the treated industrial wastewater for a long time. Contact, it is inevitable to gradually accumulate fouling. Of course, the fouling substances are mainly inorganic impurities that are not easily touched by the photocatalytic reaction. The fouling phenomenon formed by this mechanism is easy to be observed after the equipment has been running for a long time; Although the fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube is only a thin layer, it is enough to significantly block the ultraviolet radiation of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, which will cause the actual treatment efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic reaction treatment device to be greatly reduced; The rising air bubbles in the reactor are too scattered and the flushing force is weak. It is really difficult to maintain the surface of the quartz tube by relying on the relatively dispersed air bubbles. In other words, the more dispersed air bubbles are more The weak scouring force is not enough to completely stop the fouling process on the surface of the quartz tube; during the use of the laboratory scale, the above-mentioned fouling problem is not easy to detect, but, on the industrial application scale, the fouling problem will undoubtedly be eliminated. Therefore, how to immediately and effectively remove the fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube without dismantling the machine, and maintain the continuous high efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic treatment device, this problem cannot be ignored. Question ten.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，以CN102260003A方案为技术背景，针对上文述及的该技术背景方案其所存在的问题之一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十，研发一种能够一揽子地解决该系列问题的新方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, taking the CN102260003A scheme as the technical background, aiming at one of the existing problems of the technical background scheme mentioned above, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, Ten, develop a new method that can solve this series of problems in a package.
本发明通过如下方案解决所述技术问题，该方案提供一种支持臭氧耗尽的紫外光催化废水降解反应器扩容方法，该方法的主要步骤如下：a，用金属材质的笼状的微波约束器将位于石英管内的无极紫外灯包藏起来，使得无极紫外灯处于该笼状的微波约束器的内部，该笼状的微波约束器其整体的结构位置也是在所述石英管的内部，该石英管是用于气液物相隔离、发挥屏护作用的构件，该笼状的微波约束器是一个笼形金属构件，该笼状的微波约束器的功能是将微波辐照约束在其内部；b，将该内部架设有受金属材质的笼状的微波约束器包裹的无极紫外灯的石英管悬空架设于一个喇叭筒状构件其腔管之内的腔管管径相对较小的区域，该架设方法使得该石英管全部或大部分隐入该喇叭筒状构件腔管之内，所述石英管的中轴线与该喇叭筒状构件的中轴线相互重合，所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的距离控制在5厘米与40厘米之间，所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的空域是光催化降解反应空域，该光催化降解反应空域其轮廓形态貌似扳指；c，将该内部悬空架设有所述石英管的喇叭筒状构件大头朝下地悬空架设在反应器的内腔之中，并使该喇叭筒状构件的中轴线与该反应器内腔底面相互垂直，由此将所述光催化降解反应空域其外周边界与反应器内腔腔壁之间的空域构建成容量扩展空域，该容量扩展空域包裹着所述光催化降解反应空域；d，将源自磁控管的波导管探入所述石英管内，并将该波导管的探入石英管的那一端与所述笼状的微波约束器的内腔进行联通，所述联通指的是微波通道意义上的联接与贯通；e，将位于反应器内腔下部区域的用于释放含臭氧空气的微孔曝气头移入该喇叭筒状构件其大头端端口边沿在反应器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内；f，在三维方向上延展、扩大所述容量扩展空域的尺寸；g，在反应器的外部架设增压泵，该增压泵用于增压泵送混有催化剂悬浮粒的降解反应之后的水，并将该增压泵的进水端与反应器的内腔进行联接；h，将所述增压泵的出水端与反冲洗式前置预过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式前置预过滤器的滤孔孔径介于5微米与300微米之间；i，将所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器的净水出口经由第一个净水阀与反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的滤孔孔径介于25纳米与1000纳米之间；j，将所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的净水出口经由第二个净水阀与反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的滤孔孔径介于15纳米与2纳米之间；k，将所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器的污水出口经由第一个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；l，将所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的污水出口经由第二个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；m，将反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的污水出口经由第三个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；n，在反应器尾气排放口位置架设臭氧传感器；o，将该臭氧传感器的取样管移近反应器尾气排放口或伸入反应器尾气排放口的内部；p，将该臭氧传感器其臭氧感应电讯号输出电路与臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构进行联接；q，将该臭氧传感器其臭氧感应电讯号输出电路与电源控制器进行联接，该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；r，将该电源控制器通过电缆与磁控管进行联接；s，将该电源控制器通过另一条电缆与空气泵进行联接；t，在反应器底部外侧位置或内侧位置安装超声波换能器；u，将该超声波换能器通过高频振荡电讯号传输电缆与高频振荡电讯号发生器进行联接。The present invention solves the technical problem through the following scheme, which provides a method for expanding the capacity of an ultraviolet photocatalytic wastewater degradation reactor that supports ozone depletion. The main steps of the method are as follows: a. A cage-shaped microwave restraint made of metal is used Enclose the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp located in the quartz tube, so that the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is inside the cage-shaped microwave confinement device, and the overall structural position of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is also inside the quartz tube, and the quartz tube It is a component used for gas-liquid phase isolation and screen protection. The cage-shaped microwave confinement device is a cage-shaped metal component. The function of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is to confine microwave radiation inside it; b , the quartz tube with an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp wrapped by a metal cage-shaped microwave restraint inside is suspended and erected in a relatively small-diameter area of the lumen of a trumpet-shaped component, the erection The method makes all or most of the quartz tube hidden in the cavity of the horn-shaped member, the central axis of the quartz tube coincides with the central axis of the horn-shaped member, and the outer wall of the quartz tube and the surrounding The distance between the tube wall of the trumpet-shaped member is controlled between 5 cm and 40 cm, and the air space between the outer wall of the quartz tube and the wall of the tube wall of the horn-shaped member around it is photocatalytic degradation Reaction airspace, the contour shape of the photocatalytic degradation reaction airspace looks like a wrench finger; c, the trumpet-shaped member with the quartz tube suspended inside is suspended in the inner cavity of the reactor with its head facing down, and the horn The central axis of the cylindrical member is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the inner chamber of the reactor, thereby constructing the airspace between the outer peripheral boundary of the photocatalytic degradation reaction airspace and the wall of the inner chamber of the reactor into a capacity expansion airspace, and the capacity expansion airspace Wrapping the photocatalytic degradation reaction space; d, probing the waveguide from the magnetron into the quartz tube, and connecting the end of the waveguide into the quartz tube with the caged microwave confinement device The inner cavity of the reactor is communicated, and the communication refers to the connection and penetration in the sense of the microwave channel; e, the microporous aeration head for releasing ozone-containing air located in the lower area of the reactor inner cavity is moved into the trumpet-shaped member The edge of the big end port is within the range delineated by the vertical projection of the bottom surface of the reactor cavity; f, extending and expanding the size of the capacity expansion airspace in the three-dimensional direction; g, erecting a booster pump outside the reactor, The booster pump is used for booster pumping the water after the degradation reaction mixed with catalyst suspended particles, and the water inlet end of the booster pump is connected with the inner cavity of the reactor; h, the booster pump is connected The water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the backwash type pre-filter, and the filter pore diameter of the backwash type pre-filter is between 5 microns and 300 microns; i, the backwash type pre-filter The water purification outlet of the pre-filter is connected to the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter through the first water purification valve, and the filter pore diameter of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is between 25 nanometers and between 1000 nanometers; j, the water outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is passed through the second water purification valve and the backwashing hollow fiber The water inlet of the membrane ultrafiltration filter is connected, and the pore diameter of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers; k, the backwash type pre-prefilter The sewage outlet is connected with the inner chamber of the reactor through the first sewage valve; 1, the sewage outlet of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is connected with the inner chamber of the reactor through the second sewage valve; m, connect the sewage outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter with the inner chamber of the reactor through the third sewage valve; n, set up an ozone sensor at the exhaust outlet of the reactor; o, the ozone sensor move the sampling tube closer to the reactor exhaust outlet or extend into the interior of the reactor exhaust outlet; p, the ozone sensor, its ozone induction electrical signal output circuit and the ozone content display, ozone warning device or ozone content display and ozone warning device q, connect the ozone sensor’s ozone induction electrical signal output circuit with the power controller, the power controller is a power controller that can perform power switch actions according to the electrical signal it receives; r, the power controller is connected to the magnetron through a cable; s, the power controller is connected to the air pump through another cable; t, the ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outside or inside of the bottom of the reactor; u, the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator through a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable.
超声波换能器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的。The technical meaning of the term ultrasonic transducer itself is known to those skilled in the field of ultrasonic technology.
高频振荡电讯号传输电缆一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable itself is also known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology.
超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆市场均有售；所述超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆等也可向超声波换能器专业厂家及电缆专业厂家定制。Ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables are available in the market; the ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic transducers and cables.
高频振荡电讯号发生器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的；各型高频振荡电讯号发生器均有市售；所述高频振荡电讯号发生器也可向超声波器材专业厂家定制。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator itself is also well known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology; various high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generators are commercially available; the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generation The device can also be customized from a professional manufacturer of ultrasonic equipment.
所涉臭氧传感器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧传感器专业厂家定制。The ozone sensors involved are available in the market; they can also be customized from professional ozone sensor manufacturers as required.
所涉臭氧含量显示器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧含量显示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也销售配套使用的臭氧含量显示器。The ozone content monitor involved is available on the market; it can also be customized from a professional manufacturer of ozone content monitors according to needs; ozone sensor manufacturers usually also sell matching ozone content monitors.
所涉臭氧警示器，指的是以警示声音或警示闪光或警示声音与警示闪光相结合的两者兼而有之的用于警示的机构；臭氧警示器市场有售；也可向臭氧警示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也能够销售配套使用的臭氧警示器。The ozone warning device involved refers to a mechanism for warning with a warning sound or a warning flash or a combination of a warning sound and a warning flash; the ozone warning device is available in the market; it can also be used for the ozone warning device Customized by professional manufacturers; ozone sensor manufacturers can usually also sell matching ozone alarms.
所涉该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；能够根据其所接收的电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器仅就其电路技术本身而言，是已经成熟的、公知的技术；所述电源控制器市场有售；也可利用市售的电源控制器根据需要进行改制；所述电源控制器也可向电源控制器专业制造商定制；电源控制器之类的电子器件其专业制造商遍布全球。The power controller involved is a power controller that can perform power switching actions based on the electrical signals it receives; a power controller that can perform power switching actions based on the electrical signals it receives is only as far as its circuit technology itself is concerned. , is a mature and well-known technology; the power controller is available in the market; the commercially available power controller can also be used to modify according to needs; the power controller can also be customized to a professional manufacturer of power controllers; Professional manufacturers of electronic devices such as controllers are all over the world.
本案所述空域一词指的是空间、界域。The term "airspace" mentioned in this case refers to space and boundaries.
所涉该笼状的微波约束器其材质可以是任何的选定的金属，但是，鉴于其所处的由强紫外光辐射所形成的臭氧混合气环境，以及，出于尽可能地通过复杂的镜面反射机制最大限度地输出由无极紫外灯所发射的紫外光的考量，适于制作该笼状的微波约束器的优选的金属材质是经过镜面抛光处理的不锈钢。The material of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device can be any selected metal, but, in view of the ozone mixture environment formed by strong ultraviolet radiation, and, for the sake of passing through the complex as possible Considering that the specular reflection mechanism maximizes the output of the ultraviolet light emitted by the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, the preferred metal material suitable for making the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is mirror-polished stainless steel.
该笼状的微波约束器其孔洞或网眼的口径的优选范围是介于0.5厘米与3.0厘米之间。The preferred range of apertures or meshes of the cage-like microwave confinement device is between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm.
可以用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝编织制成该笼状的微波约束器。The cage-like microwave confinement device can be made by braiding mirror-polished stainless steel wires.
当然，也可以用镜面抛光的冲孔不锈钢板经模压、焊接或拼接工艺制成所述微波约束器。Of course, the microwave restrainer can also be made of a mirror-polished punched stainless steel plate through molding, welding or splicing processes.
该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁之间可以是采取任意选定的距离，但是，其优选的形态是，该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁相互紧贴或相互间距小于5.0厘米；该范围是优选的范围；但是，在此范围之外的其它间距值其选择也是本案所允许的。The distance between the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device and the inner wall of the quartz tube can be selected arbitrarily, but its preferred form is that the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device and the inner wall of the quartz tube are connected to each other. Close to each other or the distance between them is less than 5.0 cm; this range is the preferred range; however, the selection of other distance values outside this range is also allowed in this case.
更进一步优选的形态是该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁相互紧贴。A further preferred form is that the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement is in close contact with the inner wall of the quartz tube.
所述喇叭筒状构件的材质不限，所述喇叭筒状构件的材质例如可以是聚四氟乙烯材质、玻璃材质、陶瓷材质、金属材质，等等，但是，该喇叭筒状构件其优选材质是不锈钢。The material of the horn-shaped member is not limited, and the material of the horn-shaped member can be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene material, glass material, ceramic material, metal material, etc., but the preferred material of the horn-shaped member is It is stainless steel.
所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的距离最好控制在15厘米与30厘米之间，这个范围是优选的范围；然而，在这个优选范围之外的其它任意的距离选择也是本案所允许的。The distance between the outer wall of the quartz tube and the tube wall of the trumpet-shaped member around it is preferably controlled between 15 centimeters and 30 centimeters, and this range is a preferred range; yet, outside this preferred range Other arbitrary distance selections are also allowed in this case.
该喇叭筒状构件的上部端口与该反应器内腔腔顶的距离的优选的控制范围是在10厘米与100厘米之间；该喇叭筒状构件的朝下的大头端其端口边沿与该反应器内腔侧壁之间的横向距离的优选的控制范围是在5厘米与300厘米之间；该喇叭筒状构件的朝下的大头端其端口边沿与该反应器内腔底面之间的纵向距离的优选的控制范围是在5厘米与100厘米之间。The preferred control range of the distance between the upper port of the horn-shaped member and the top of the reactor cavity is between 10 centimeters and 100 centimeters; The preferred control range of the lateral distance between the sidewalls of the inner cavity of the device is between 5 centimeters and 300 centimeters; A preferred control range for the distance is between 5 cm and 100 cm.
所述增压泵，是用于增压泵送液体的机械，当然，其泵送压力可以根据需要来进行任意的选择，并且，各型增压泵市场均有售。The booster pump is a machine for boosting and pumping liquid. Of course, its pumping pressure can be selected arbitrarily according to needs, and various types of booster pumps are available in the market.
所述净水阀、污水阀，都是水阀，各型水阀市场均有售；关于水阀，该词其本身的技术含义是公知的；本案采用不同的名称，只是为了方便表述、方便区分各个不同结构位置的水阀。The water purification valve and sewage valve mentioned above are all water valves, and various types of water valves are available in the market; as for the water valve, the technical meaning of the word itself is well known; different names are used in this case just for the convenience of expression and convenience. Differentiate the water valves in different structural positions.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器也称反冲洗式前置过滤器或反冲洗式预过滤器，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器市场有售。The backwash type pre-filter is also called the backwash type pre-filter or the backwash type pre-filter, and the technical meaning of the backwash type pre-filter itself is known; Type pre-filters are available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器是适于微滤的过滤器；所述微滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is a filter suitable for microfiltration; the technical meaning of the term microfiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器是适于超滤的过滤器；所述超滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is a filter suitable for ultrafiltration; the technical meaning of the term ultrafiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。The backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter can be the form of only one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomer; More than one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomers are connected in parallel with each other.
表达所涉并联一词，其本身所指代的技术含义是清楚的。The technical meaning indicated by the term parallel connection itself is clear.
表达所涉单体一词，指的是其本身功能及结构完全的设备个体。The term referring to a unit refers to an individual device with complete functions and structures in itself.
类似地，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。Similarly, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter can be in the form of only one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter unit; of course, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter can also be It is composed of more than one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other.
该方法还可以包括以下步骤：在所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其净水出口与所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口的联接管路上，串接入第二个增压泵，该第二个增压泵用于增补水压以满足所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水压力需求；该步骤不是必需的。The method may also include the following steps: on the connecting pipeline between the water outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter and the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter, a second Two booster pumps, the second booster pump is used to supplement the water pressure to meet the water inlet pressure requirement of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter; this step is not necessary.
本案方法还可以进一步包括一些其它步骤，所述其它步骤例如：在反应器内腔架设液位控制开关，用于准确定位理想的液位高度；所述液位控制开关其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述液位控制开关市场有售；所述其它步骤还例如在所述金属容器底部开凿排污口，以及，在该排污口位置加装排污阀；所述其它步骤再例如：微波功率调节步骤；所述其它步骤更例如：空气泵空气通量的调节步骤；此外，还例如：通气管道改道步骤；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入端串接用于过滤杂质的过滤器，以免杂质颗粒进入反应器内腔；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入前端串接沉淀池，用于沉淀部分可沉淀之杂质；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入前端串接废水PH值调节池，以使得输入反应器的废水PH值达到设备需要水平；等等。The method of this case may further include some other steps, such as: erecting a liquid level control switch in the inner cavity of the reactor to accurately locate the ideal liquid level height; the technical meaning of the liquid level control switch itself is well known The liquid level control switch is available on the market; the other steps are also for example digging a sewage outlet at the bottom of the metal container, and installing a sewage valve at the position of the sewage outlet; the other steps are for example: microwave power adjustment step; said other steps are more for example: the adjustment step of the air flow of the air pump; in addition, also for example: the ventilation pipe diversion step; said other steps are for example again: the filter for filtering impurities is connected in series at the input end of the reactor waste water , so as to prevent impurity particles from entering the inner chamber of the reactor; the other steps are again for example: connecting a sedimentation tank in series at the front end of the reactor wastewater input to precipitate some impurities that can be precipitated; the other steps are again for example: at the front end of the reactor wastewater input The PH value adjustment tank of wastewater is connected in series so that the PH value of the wastewater input into the reactor reaches the level required by the equipment; and so on.
本发明的优点是，用金属材质的笼状的微波约束器，将无极紫外灯包裹于其内腔之中，并将该笼状的微波约束器其内腔与源自磁控管的波导管联通，该笼状的微波约束器其整体的结构位置也是在所述石英管的内部，该石英管是用于气液物相隔离、发挥屏护作用的构件，藉由所述步骤，把经由波导管传输而来的微波约束在其有效工作区之内，遏制了微波向周边废水水体的无益耗散，并在微波约束器外壁与反应器内壁之间构建微波弱辐照空域或微波零辐照空域；该石英管并且被置入位于反应器内腔的呈悬空、竖直状态的喇叭筒状构件其腔管之内的上部区域；本案方法的步骤还包括：在三维方向上延展、扩大反应器内部所述微波弱辐照空域或微波零辐照空域的尺寸，藉由该步骤，可以大幅扩张反应器的设计容积，允许反应器单罐废水处理量大幅提升，而不用再担心微波能量过多地耗散于无益的废水水体温升效应。The advantage of the present invention is that a cage-shaped microwave confinement device made of metal is used to wrap the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp in its inner cavity, and the inner cavity of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is connected with the waveguide from the magnetron. Unicom, the overall structural position of the cage-like microwave confinement device is also inside the quartz tube. The microwave transmitted by the waveguide is confined within its effective working area, which prevents the unwanted dissipation of microwaves to the surrounding waste water, and constructs a microwave weak radiation space or microwave zero radiation between the outer wall of the microwave confinement device and the inner wall of the reactor. According to the air space; the quartz tube is placed in the upper area of the horn tube-shaped member in a suspended and vertical state in the inner cavity of the reactor; the steps of the method of this case also include: extending and expanding in the three-dimensional direction The size of the microwave weak radiation airspace or the microwave zero radiation airspace inside the reactor, through this step, the design volume of the reactor can be greatly expanded, allowing the single-tank wastewater treatment capacity of the reactor to be greatly increased, without worrying about the microwave energy Too much is dissipated in the unhelpful warming effect of wastewater water.
在采用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝网笼作为微波约束器的情况下，或者，在采用冲孔不锈钢板经模压、焊接或拼接工艺制成微波约束器的情况下，经由复杂的镜面反射机制，可以最大限度地将来自无极紫外灯的紫外光传输出去，并最大限度地弥补所述金属笼其自身实体对光线遮挡、吸收所造成的损失。In the case of using a mirror-polished stainless steel wire mesh cage as a microwave confinement device, or in the case of a microwave confinement device made of a punched stainless steel plate through molding, welding or splicing, through a complex mirror reflection mechanism, the maximum The ultraviolet light from the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is transmitted out to the maximum extent, and the loss caused by the shielding and absorption of light by the metal cage itself is compensated to the greatest extent.
依托本案方法，该废水降解反应器的设计容积即单罐废水处理量可以扩张到数个立方至数十个立方；基于本案该方法，可以大幅度地降低全套、全程废水降解操作的频度，有利于人力、物力的节约。Relying on the method of this case, the design volume of the wastewater degradation reactor, that is, the wastewater treatment capacity of a single tank, can be expanded to several cubic meters to dozens of cubic meters; based on the method of this case, the frequency of a full set of wastewater degradation operations can be greatly reduced. Conducive to saving manpower and material resources.
另一方面，本案方法以所述喇叭筒状构件引导液流作相对大尺度的循环运动，反应器内升腾的含臭氧气泡流能够拖拽、引导反应器内部的液流沿该喇叭筒状构件的腔管快速上升，并在冲击、通过石英管周边光催化降解反应区域之后，由顶部区域向四周扩散，经由周边区域下沉，到达反应器内腔底部区域，再经该喇叭筒状构件的朝下的大头端端口汇聚到该喇叭筒状构件的腔管之内，继续其循环；这种受引导的相对大尺度的液体循环运动，有助于确保反应器内部液体降解反应进程的均匀化，这对于大型降解反应器来说，是必须的。On the other hand, the method of this case uses the trumpet-shaped member to guide the liquid flow to perform a relatively large-scale circular movement, and the rising ozone-containing gas bubble flow in the reactor can drag and guide the liquid flow inside the reactor along the horn-shaped member. The cavity tube rises rapidly, and after impacting and passing through the photocatalytic degradation reaction area around the quartz tube, it diffuses from the top area to the surrounding area, sinks through the surrounding area, reaches the bottom area of the reactor cavity, and then passes through the horn-shaped member. The downwardly facing large-end ports converge into the lumen of the trumpet-shaped member and continue its circulation; this guided relatively large-scale liquid circulation motion helps to ensure the homogenization of the liquid degradation reaction process inside the reactor , which is necessary for large degradation reactors.
本案该法所涉紫外辐射源是依托微波激励的无极紫外灯，此灯型的紫外辐射特点就是可以做到大功率、高强度，然而紫外线在液态水体中的有效穿透深度只有约20厘米，因此，石英管周边约20厘米距离之内的区域是有效区域，这个区域就是光化学催化氧化降解反应的有效率的区域；本案装置以所述喇叭筒状构件，聚束来自众多微孔曝气头的气泡流，使其集中地朝向石英管周边光化学催化氧化有效区域释放，此方式有助于提高石英管周边所述有效区域的氧气气氛供给强度，有助于加速紫外光催化氧化降解反应进程。The ultraviolet radiation source involved in the method in this case is a microwave-excited electrodeless ultraviolet lamp. The characteristics of this type of ultraviolet radiation are that it can achieve high power and high intensity. However, the effective penetration depth of ultraviolet rays in liquid water is only about 20 cm. Therefore, the area within a distance of about 20 cm from the periphery of the quartz tube is an effective area, and this area is the efficient area of the photochemical catalyzed oxidation degradation reaction; The bubble flow is released concentratedly toward the effective area of photochemical catalytic oxidation around the quartz tube. This method helps to increase the oxygen atmosphere supply intensity in the effective area around the quartz tube and helps to accelerate the process of ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation degradation reaction.
基于本案该法，反应器的容量或处理量可以大幅扩张，所述大幅扩张，是通过大幅扩张微波零辐照区域或微波弱辐照区域的设计体积来实现的，那么，从外观上看，反应器的横向尺寸、纵向尺寸当然都是能够大幅扩张，因此，反应器内部盛液深度也同样地可以大幅地加深，例如，可以加深到一米、两米、三米、四米、五米、六米，甚至十米，等等，在盛液深度足够深的情况下，含臭氧空气泡升腾路径足够长，含臭氧空气泡与水体接触的时间足够长，其升腾过程中就能够与足够多的还原性物质际遇，并彻底或近乎彻底地耗尽气泡中所含的臭氧，由此，含臭氧空气气泡中臭氧成分氧化潜力利用不完全的问题能够得到彻底解决，并且，由于长长的升腾路径导致臭氧耗尽，反应器尾气中就不会再夹带有会造成环境污染的臭氧。Based on the method of this case, the capacity or processing capacity of the reactor can be greatly expanded. The large expansion is achieved by greatly expanding the design volume of the microwave zero-irradiation area or the microwave weak-irradiation area. Then, from the appearance, The horizontal and vertical dimensions of the reactor can of course be greatly expanded. Therefore, the depth of the liquid inside the reactor can also be greatly deepened, for example, it can be deepened to one meter, two meters, three meters, four meters, five meters , six meters, or even ten meters, etc., when the depth of the liquid is deep enough, the rising path of the ozone-containing air bubbles is long enough, and the contact time of the ozone-containing air bubbles with the water body is long enough, and the rising process can be with enough Many reducing substances encounter, and completely or nearly completely deplete the ozone contained in the air bubbles, thus, the problem of incomplete utilization of the ozone component oxidation potential in the ozone-containing air bubbles can be completely solved, and, due to the long The rising path leads to the depletion of ozone, and the reactor tail gas will no longer contain ozone that will cause environmental pollution.
本案该法并以外置的多级过滤器，达成对催化剂微粒的从团聚体大颗粒到十数纳米的小尺度的碰撞碎片的逐级拦截，近乎彻底地回收、回用光催化剂，近乎彻底地防范催化剂流失而造成的二次污染；该逐级拦截方法并能够保护次级过滤器使其过滤结构通道免受大颗粒物质的硬性阻塞；其中第一级的预过滤孔径在5微米与300微米之间，第二级的微滤其孔径在25纳米与1000纳米之间，第三级的超滤其孔径介于15纳米与2纳米之间；这样的拦截方法，能够充分拦截纳米级的光催化剂，它当然能够近乎彻底地拦截气相二氧化钛P25这种平均粒径为21纳米的催化剂；前文述及，纳米级的P25之类的气相二氧化钛催化剂，是能够大量购得的市售的催化剂，也是耐久性、稳定性、紫外光波段光催化性能已知优良的光催化剂，当然，它也是工业级应用中事实上优先考虑选用的光催化剂；本案催化剂拦截方法与催化剂市场供应的实际能力、实际品种相匹配、相融合。In this case, the method uses an external multi-stage filter to achieve step-by-step interception of catalyst particles from large aggregates to small-scale collision fragments of tens of nanometers, and to recover and reuse photocatalysts almost completely. Prevent secondary pollution caused by catalyst loss; this step-by-step interception method can also protect the secondary filter from hard blocking of large particulate matter; the first-stage pre-filter pore size is between 5 microns and 300 microns Between, the pore size of the second-stage microfiltration is between 25 nanometers and 1000 nanometers, and the pore size of the third-stage ultrafiltration is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers; such an interception method can fully intercept nanometer-level light Catalyst, it certainly can almost completely intercept gas-phase titanium dioxide P25 this kind of average particle diameter be the catalyst of 21 nanometers; As mentioned above, gas-phase titanium dioxide catalysts such as nanoscale P25 are commercially available catalysts that can be purchased in large quantities, and also Durability, stability, and photocatalytic performance in the ultraviolet light band are known to be excellent photocatalysts. Of course, it is also a photocatalyst that is actually preferred in industrial applications; the catalyst interception method in this case is related to the actual capacity and actual species of catalyst market supply Match, blend.
并且，本案该法所涉催化剂拦截机构外置，所涉滤芯不必浸泡于反应器内部的强氧化、强紫外辐照的液体中，因此，可以完全不必考虑对紫外辐照、强氧化条件的耐受力，这样，在滤芯材质的选用上就没有了特种耐受力方面的限制，可以在更广大的可选材质种类上进行选择，而完全无须再局限于比较昂贵的PVDF之类的材质。Moreover, the catalyst interception mechanism involved in the method of this case is external, and the filter element involved does not need to be soaked in the strong oxidation and strong ultraviolet radiation liquid inside the reactor. Therefore, it is completely unnecessary to consider the resistance to ultraviolet radiation and strong oxidation conditions. In this way, there is no special tolerance limit on the selection of filter material, and you can choose from a wider range of optional materials, without being limited to more expensive materials such as PVDF.
该法所涉各级过滤器均有市售，市售的各级过滤器，其排污口就是反冲洗时排除污水的排放口，本案使用这类反冲洗式装备，是用来逐级拦截催化剂微粒，原本市售装备的排污口，在本案中被转用来作为受截留催化剂微粒的回收再用输出口或回流再用输出口。All levels of filters involved in this law are commercially available, and the sewage outlets of commercially available filters at all levels are the outlets for discharging sewage during backwashing. This type of backwashing equipment is used in this case to intercept catalysts step by step. The fines, originally a commercially available outfall, was repurposed in this case as a recovery re-use outlet or a return re-use outlet for trapped catalyst fines.
上文已述及，基于本案方法，反应器的容量或处理量可以大幅扩张，所述大幅扩张，是通过大幅扩张微波零辐照区域或微波弱辐照区域的设计体积来实现的，那么，从外观上看，反应器的横向尺寸、纵向尺寸当然都是能够大幅扩张，因此，反应器内部盛液深度也同样地可以大幅地加深，例如，可以加深到一米、两米、三米、四米、五米、六米，甚至十米，等等，在盛液深度足够深的情况下，含臭氧空气泡升腾路径足够长，含臭氧空气泡与水体接触的时间足够长，其升腾过程中就能够与足够多的还原性物质际遇，并彻底或近乎彻底地耗尽气泡中所含的臭氧，由此，含臭氧空气气泡中臭氧成分氧化潜力利用不完全的问题能够得到彻底解决，并且，由于长长的升腾路径导致臭氧耗尽，反应器尾气中就不会再夹带有会造成环境污染的臭氧；仅仅当受处理水体中还原性物质即有机污染物被降解殆尽之时，水体中已经再无可供臭氧氧化反应的有机污染物，那些个多余的臭氧才有可能不再消耗并透过长长的升腾路径逸出液面；前面已经谈到，本案同时解决的若干问题之中的一个，便是强化反应器内部液体的相对大尺度的循环，该强化了的大循环机制促成了反应器内部液体其所含有机污染物降解反应进程的均匀一致，由此，在本案方法其对应架构所允许的数个立方至数十个立方甚至数百个立方体积的处理容量架构下，当反应器内部液面上方有臭氧逸出之时，即表明反应器内部的降解反应已达终点，并且是内部液体整体均匀一致地达到降解反应的终点，这一终点判定因素是与本案方案所能提供的条件相匹配的；本案在反应器其尾气排放口位置装设臭氧传感器，在这个结构位置检测到臭氧，便意味着反应器内部降解反应到达终点，臭氧传感器并且与臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器或臭氧警示器与臭氧含量显示器的复合机构联接，用于向操作人员提供准确的指示信息，本案并且将臭氧传感器输出的电讯号通过电缆传送给电源控制器，该电源控制器并通过电缆分别与磁控管及空气泵联接，电源控制器根据其所接收到的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作，当然，其运作方式是，在电源控制器接收到臭氧传感器发送的臭氧逸出的信号之时，自动关闭通向磁控管及空气泵的电源；本案依此方法，可及时知晓反应器内部降解反应进程的终点；并依此方法，在反应达到终点时，自动关闭磁控管及空气泵的电源，及时停止向反应器内部注入能量，如此可避免不必要的能源浪费；并且，本案依此方法，在降解反应到达终点之时，能够及时关闭所述磁控管及空气泵的电源，该电源关闭动作也同步、同一瞬间终止了臭氧的发生进程，由于臭氧发生进程被及时终止，就不会有超过需要的大量臭氧从所述尾气排放口释出，从而避免了不必要的二次污染或曰次生污染；本案方法决定了其所对应的架构没有富余的臭氧可供排放。As mentioned above, based on the method of this case, the capacity or processing capacity of the reactor can be greatly expanded. The large expansion is achieved by greatly expanding the design volume of the microwave zero-irradiation area or the microwave weak-irradiation area. Then, From the appearance, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the reactor can of course be greatly expanded. Therefore, the depth of the liquid inside the reactor can also be greatly deepened, for example, it can be deepened to one meter, two meters, three meters, Four meters, five meters, six meters, or even ten meters, etc., when the depth of the liquid is deep enough, the rising path of the ozone-containing air bubbles is long enough, and the contact time of the ozone-containing air bubbles with the water body is long enough, and the rising process It can meet with enough reducing substances and completely or nearly completely deplete the ozone contained in the bubbles, thus, the problem of incomplete utilization of the oxidation potential of ozone components in the ozone-containing air bubbles can be completely solved, and , due to the depletion of ozone due to the long rising path, the reactor tail gas will no longer contain ozone that will cause environmental pollution; only when the reducing substances in the treated water, that is, organic pollutants are completely degraded, the water body There are no organic pollutants available for the ozone oxidation reaction in the water, so that the excess ozone may no longer be consumed and escape the liquid surface through a long rising path; as mentioned above, one of the several problems solved in this case at the same time One of them is to strengthen the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reactor. This enhanced large-scale circulation mechanism has contributed to the uniformity of the degradation reaction process of the organic pollutants contained in the liquid inside the reactor. Therefore, in this case, the method Under the processing capacity framework of several cubic to tens of cubic or even hundreds of cubic volumes allowed by its corresponding architecture, when there is ozone escaping above the liquid level inside the reactor, it means that the degradation reaction inside the reactor has reached The end point, and the internal liquid reaches the end point of the degradation reaction uniformly as a whole. This end point determination factor matches the conditions provided by the scheme of this case; an ozone sensor is installed at the exhaust outlet of the reactor in this case. Ozone is detected at the structural position, which means that the degradation reaction inside the reactor has reached the end, and the ozone sensor is connected with the ozone warning device or the ozone content display or the composite mechanism of the ozone warning device and the ozone content display to provide accurate instructions to the operator In this case, the electric signal output by the ozone sensor is transmitted to the power controller through the cable, and the power controller is respectively connected with the magnetron and the air pump through the cable, and the power controller performs the operation according to the electric signal it receives. The power switch action, of course, its mode of operation is, when the power controller receives the signal of the ozone escaping from the ozone sensor, it will automatically turn off the power supply to the magnetron and the air pump; The end of the degradation reaction process inside the reactor; and according to this method, when the reaction reaches the end, the power supply of the magnetron and the air pump is automatically turned off, and the energy injection into the reactor is stopped in time, so that unnecessary energy waste can be avoided; and , according to this method in this case, when the degradation reaction reaches the end point, the power supply of the magnetron and the air pump can be turned off in time, and the power supply The closing action is also synchronous, and the ozone generation process is terminated at the same moment. Since the ozone generation process is terminated in time, there will be no more than required large amount of ozone released from the exhaust outlet, thereby avoiding unnecessary secondary pollution or Secondary pollution; the method of this case determines that the corresponding structure has no surplus ozone for emission.
依托本案方法，反应器内部的微波辐照空域受到强制隔断、限制，本案并且采用外置级联多级反冲洗过滤器来进行针对催化剂微粒的精细拦截，该法之中，反冲洗式中空纤维微滤膜组件及反冲洗式中空纤维超滤膜组件均被外置并远离反应器内核，微波完全不能照射到所述膜组件，基于本案该方法，完全绕开了所述点状洞穿式的热透蚀破坏问题，该问题由此得到良好的解决。Relying on the method of this case, the microwave irradiation airspace inside the reactor is forcibly cut off and restricted. In this case, an external cascaded multi-stage backwash filter is used to finely intercept catalyst particles. In this method, the backwash hollow fiber Both the microfiltration membrane module and the backwash hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module are placed outside and away from the core of the reactor, and the microwave cannot irradiate the membrane module at all. Based on the method of this case, the point-like hole-through type is completely bypassed. The problem of thermal penetration erosion damage is thus well resolved.
本案并在反应器底部安装超声波换能器，基于该法，能够在必要时即刻启动超声辐射功能；上文述及，在某些PH值预先调节不到位、PH值不恰当的情况下，二氧化钛微粒容易发生团聚，进而影响其有效工作界面面积，影响其光催化效能；尤其对于该粒径范围之中的那些相对较小粒径的区段，更是容易出现因PH值预调不到位、PH值不恰当而导致的团聚问题；对于这种催化剂微粒团聚的情况，是必须即时地采取有效措施，进行针对团聚体的解聚运作；在催化剂微粒发生严重团聚的情形下，本案方法安装在反应器底部的超声波换能器能够方便地即时启动，来即时地实施解聚运作，由此实现了针对该催化剂微粒团聚问题的即时原位处置。In this case, an ultrasonic transducer is installed at the bottom of the reactor. Based on this method, the ultrasonic radiation function can be activated immediately when necessary; Particles are prone to agglomeration, which in turn affects their effective working interface area and their photocatalytic performance; especially for those relatively small particle size segments in this particle size range, it is easy to appear due to insufficient pH value pre-adjustment, The problem of agglomeration caused by inappropriate PH value; for the agglomeration of catalyst particles, it is necessary to take effective measures immediately to depolymerize the agglomerates; in the case of severe agglomeration of catalyst particles, the method in this case is installed in The ultrasonic transducer at the bottom of the reactor can be conveniently activated immediately to implement the depolymerization operation immediately, thereby realizing the immediate in-situ disposal of the catalyst particle agglomeration problem.
反应器内用于屏护无极紫外灯的石英管，其外壁，指的是石英管的外壁，经长时间的与被处理工业废水的接触，难免逐渐积垢，垢积的物质当然主要是不易被光催化反应所触动的无机类杂质，因该机制形成的积垢现象，在设备长时间运行之后很容易被观察到；附着于所述石英管外壁的垢积层，虽然只是薄薄的一层，也足以对无极紫外灯的紫外光辐射造成显著的阻挡，这将导致该微波光催化反应处理装置的实际处理效力大幅减小；本案方法其在反应器底部安装的超声波换能器，在不定期的针对偶发的催化剂微粒严重团聚情形所进行的解聚运作之中，其所辐射的超声波，当然也会到达石英管所在位置，该超声波在进行原位解聚运作的同时，也一并进行着针对石英管表面垢积物的超声清洁除垢工作；并且，超声波换能器的安装位置远离石英管所在位置，超声辐射到达石英管位置时已经有所衰减，因此，石英管表面所受到的超声波冲击是低强度的超声波冲击，该低强度的超声波冲击既能温和地除垢，又能避免或大幅弱化超声空化作用其所可能造成的石英管表面光洁度损失；基于本案方法，能够在不拆机的前提下，即时、有效地清除该石英管外壁上的垢积层，藉此维护该微波光催化降解反应器的持续的高效率。The outer wall of the quartz tube used to shield the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp in the reactor refers to the outer wall of the quartz tube. After a long period of contact with the industrial wastewater to be treated, it is inevitable that scale will gradually accumulate. Of course, the accumulated substances are mainly difficult Inorganic impurities touched by the photocatalytic reaction, due to the fouling phenomenon formed by this mechanism, are easy to be observed after the equipment has been running for a long time; the fouling layer attached to the outer wall of the quartz tube is only a thin layer The layer is also enough to significantly block the ultraviolet radiation of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, which will cause the actual treatment efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic reaction treatment device to be greatly reduced; the ultrasonic transducer installed at the bottom of the reactor in this case method, in During the irregular deaggregation operation for the occasional serious agglomeration of catalyst particles, the radiated ultrasonic waves will of course reach the position of the quartz tube. The ultrasonic cleaning and descaling work for the fouling on the surface of the quartz tube is being carried out; and the installation position of the ultrasonic transducer is far away from the position of the quartz tube, and the ultrasonic radiation has been attenuated when it reaches the position of the quartz tube. Therefore, the surface of the quartz tube is affected The ultrasonic shock is a low-intensity ultrasonic shock. The low-intensity ultrasonic shock can not only gently remove scale, but also avoid or greatly weaken the loss of surface finish of the quartz tube caused by ultrasonic cavitation; based on the method of this case, it can be used in On the premise of not dismantling the machine, the fouling layer on the outer wall of the quartz tube can be removed immediately and effectively, thereby maintaining the continuous high efficiency of the microwave photocatalytic degradation reactor.
简言之，本案方法允许反应器设计容量大幅扩张；同时，该法还强化了反应器内部液体的相对大尺度的循环运动；该法同时解决了含臭氧空气泡中臭氧成分氧化潜力利用不完全的问题；该法并且达成了针对纳米级催化剂微粒从其团聚体大颗粒到十数纳米的碰撞碎片的广泛的、精细的拦截；所涉滤芯其材质的选择面也因该法而得以扩大；其降解反应终点信息能够被及时知晓；其降解反应终点之时能够自动关闭对反应器的能量输入；其降解反应终点之时，也自动地及时终止臭氧的发生进程，避免了不必要的二次污染；该方法并能即时地原位处置偶发的催化剂微粒严重团聚情形，还同时捎带地以经过远程传送适度弱化之后的低强度的温和的超声波清洁所述石英管表面，保持其优良的紫外光通透性能。In short, the method of this case allows the design capacity of the reactor to be greatly expanded; at the same time, the method also strengthens the relatively large-scale circulation of the liquid inside the reactor; problems; this method also achieves a broad and fine interception of nano-scale catalyst particles from the large particles of its agglomerates to the collision fragments of tens of nanometers; the selection of the material of the filter element involved is also expanded by this method; The information of the end point of the degradation reaction can be known in time; the energy input to the reactor can be automatically turned off when the end point of the degradation reaction is reached; pollution; this method can immediately dispose of the occasional severe agglomeration of catalyst particles in situ, and at the same time, clean the surface of the quartz tube with a moderately weakened low-intensity ultrasonic wave through remote transmission to maintain its excellent ultraviolet light Permeability.
本案方法一揽子地解决了所述问题之一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十。The method of this case has solved one of described problem in a package, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.
具体实施方式detailed description
本案方法的实施，主要步骤如下：The implementation of the method in this case, the main steps are as follows:
a，用金属材质的笼状的微波约束器将位于石英管内的无极紫外灯包藏起来，使得无极紫外灯处于该笼状的微波约束器的内部，该笼状的微波约束器其整体的结构位置也是在所述石英管的内部，该石英管是用于气液物相隔离、发挥屏护作用的构件，该笼状的微波约束器是一个笼形金属构件，该笼状的微波约束器的功能是将微波辐照约束在其内部；a, The electrodeless ultraviolet lamp located in the quartz tube is covered by a cage-shaped microwave confinement device made of metal, so that the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp is inside the cage-shaped microwave confinement device, and the overall structural position of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device It is also inside the quartz tube, which is a component used for gas-liquid phase isolation and screen protection. The cage-shaped microwave confinement device is a cage-shaped metal component, and the cage-shaped microwave confinement device The function is to confine the microwave radiation inside;
b，将该内部架设有受金属材质的笼状的微波约束器包裹的无极紫外灯的石英管悬空架设于一个喇叭筒状构件其腔管之内的腔管管径相对较小的区域，该架设方法使得该石英管全部或大部分隐入该喇叭筒状构件腔管之内，所述石英管的中轴线与该喇叭筒状构件的中轴线相互重合，所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的距离控制在5厘米与40厘米之间，所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的空域是光催化降解反应空域，该光催化降解反应空域其轮廓形态貌似扳指；b. Suspending the quartz tube with the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp wrapped by the cage-shaped microwave confinement device made of metal material, it is suspended in a region with a relatively small diameter of the cavity inside the cavity of a trumpet-shaped component. The erection method makes all or most of the quartz tube hidden in the lumen of the horn-shaped member, the central axis of the quartz tube coincides with the central axis of the horn-shaped member, and the outer wall of the quartz tube and the surrounding wall of the quartz tube The distance between the walls of the surrounding horn-shaped member lumens is controlled between 5 cm and 40 cm, and the space between the outer wall of the quartz tube and the walls of the horn-shaped members around it is photocatalytic. Degradation reaction space, the contour shape of the photocatalytic degradation reaction space looks like a finger;
c，将该内部悬空架设有所述石英管的喇叭筒状构件大头朝下地悬空架设在反应器的内腔之中，并使该喇叭筒状构件的中轴线与该反应器内腔底面相互垂直，由此将所述光催化降解反应空域其外周边界与反应器内腔腔壁之间的空域构建成容量扩展空域，该容量扩展空域包裹着所述光催化降解反应空域；c. Suspend the trumpet-shaped member with the quartz tube inside suspended in the inner cavity of the reactor with the big head facing down, and make the central axis of the horn-shaped member perpendicular to the bottom surface of the reactor inner cavity , thereby constructing the airspace between the outer peripheral boundary of the photocatalytic degradation reaction airspace and the inner cavity wall of the reactor into a capacity expansion airspace, and the capacity expansion airspace wraps the photocatalytic degradation reaction airspace;
d，将源自磁控管的波导管探入所述石英管内，并将该波导管的探入石英管的那一端与所述笼状的微波约束器的内腔进行联通，所述联通指的是微波通道意义上的联接与贯通；d, inserting the waveguide originating from the magnetron into the quartz tube, and communicating the end of the waveguide inserted into the quartz tube with the inner cavity of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device, the communication means It is the connection and connection in the sense of microwave channel;
e，将位于反应器内腔下部区域的用于释放含臭氧空气的微孔曝气头移入该喇叭筒状构件其大头端端口边沿在反应器内腔底面铅垂投影所圈定的范围之内；e. Move the microporous aeration head for releasing ozone-containing air located in the lower area of the reactor cavity into the range delineated by the vertical projection of the edge of the large end port of the trumpet-shaped member on the bottom surface of the reactor cavity;
f，在三维方向上延展、扩大所述容量扩展空域的尺寸；f, extending and enlarging the size of the capacity expansion airspace in three dimensions;
g，在反应器的外部架设增压泵，该增压泵用于增压泵送混有催化剂悬浮粒的降解反应之后的水，并将该增压泵的进水端与反应器的内腔进行联接；g, set up a booster pump outside the reactor, the booster pump is used for booster pumping the water after the degradation reaction mixed with catalyst suspended particles, and connect the water inlet end of the booster pump with the inner cavity of the reactor connect;
h，将所述增压泵的出水端与反冲洗式前置预过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式前置预过滤器的滤孔孔径介于5微米与300微米之间；h, the water outlet of the booster pump is connected to the water inlet of the backwash pre-filter, and the filter hole diameter of the backwash pre-filter is between 5 microns and 300 microns;
i，将所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器的净水出口经由第一个净水阀与反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的滤孔孔径介于25纳米与1000纳米之间；i, the water outlet of the backwash pre-filter is connected to the water inlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter through the first water purification valve, and the backwash hollow fiber membrane microfiltration The pore size of the filter is between 25 nanometers and 1000 nanometers;
j，将所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的净水出口经由第二个净水阀与反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口进行联接，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的滤孔孔径介于15纳米与2纳米之间；j, the water outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is connected to the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter through the second water purification valve, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane The pore size of the ultrafiltration filter is between 15 nanometers and 2 nanometers;
k，将所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器的污水出口经由第一个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；k, connecting the sewage outlet of the backwash pre-filter to the inner cavity of the reactor through the first sewage valve;
l，将所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器的污水出口经由第二个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；1, connecting the sewage outlet of the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter with the inner cavity of the reactor through the second sewage valve;
m，将反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的污水出口经由第三个污水阀与反应器的内腔进行联接；m, connect the sewage outlet of the backwash hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter with the inner cavity of the reactor through the third sewage valve;
n，在反应器尾气排放口位置架设臭氧传感器；n, set up an ozone sensor at the exhaust outlet of the reactor;
o，将该臭氧传感器的取样管移近反应器尾气排放口或伸入反应器尾气排放口的内部；o, move the sampling tube of the ozone sensor closer to the reactor tail gas discharge port or extend into the interior of the reactor tail gas discharge port;
p，将该臭氧传感器其臭氧感应电讯号输出电路与臭氧含量显示器、臭氧警示器或臭氧含量显示器与臭氧警示器的复合机构进行联接；p, connecting the ozone sensor's ozone induction electrical signal output circuit with the ozone content display, ozone warning device or the composite mechanism of the ozone content display and the ozone warning device;
q，将该臭氧传感器其臭氧感应电讯号输出电路与电源控制器进行联接，该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；q, connecting the ozone sensor's ozone induction electrical signal output circuit with a power controller, the power controller is a power controller that can perform power switch actions according to the electrical signal it receives;
r，将该电源控制器通过电缆与磁控管进行联接；r, the power controller is connected to the magnetron through a cable;
s，将该电源控制器通过另一条电缆与空气泵进行联接；s, connect the power controller with the air pump through another cable;
t，在反应器底部外侧位置或内侧位置安装超声波换能器；t, install the ultrasonic transducer at the outer or inner position of the bottom of the reactor;
u，将该超声波换能器通过高频振荡电讯号传输电缆与高频振荡电讯号发生器进行联接。u, the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator through a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable.
超声波换能器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言是公知的。The technical meaning of the term ultrasonic transducer itself is known to those skilled in the field of ultrasonic technology.
高频振荡电讯号传输电缆一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cable itself is also known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology.
超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆市场均有售；所述超声波换能器及高频振荡电讯号传输电缆等也可向超声波换能器专业厂家及电缆专业厂家定制。Ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables are available in the market; the ultrasonic transducers and high-frequency oscillating electrical signal transmission cables can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic transducers and cables.
高频振荡电讯号发生器一词其本身的技术含义对于超声波技术领域的专业人员而言亦是公知的；各型高频振荡电讯号发生器均有市售；所述高频振荡电讯号发生器也可向超声波器材专业厂家定制。The technical meaning of the term high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generator itself is also well known to professionals in the field of ultrasonic technology; various high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generators are commercially available; the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal generation The device can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ultrasonic equipment.
实施所涉臭氧传感器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧传感器专业厂家定制。The ozone sensor involved in the implementation is available on the market; it can also be customized from a professional ozone sensor manufacturer as required.
实施所涉臭氧含量显示器市场有售；也可根据需要向臭氧含量显示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也销售配套使用的臭氧含量显示器。The ozone content monitors involved in the implementation are available on the market; they can also be customized from professional manufacturers of ozone content monitors according to needs; ozone sensor manufacturers usually also sell supporting ozone content monitors.
实施所涉臭氧警示器，指的是以警示声音或警示闪光或警示声音与警示闪光相结合的两者兼而有之的用于警示的机构；臭氧警示器市场有售；也可向臭氧警示器专业厂家定制；臭氧传感器厂家通常也能够销售配套使用的臭氧警示器。The ozone warning device involved in the implementation refers to a mechanism for warning with a warning sound or a warning flash or a combination of a warning sound and a warning flash; the ozone warning device is available in the market; it can also be used to warn the ozone Customized by professional manufacturers of detectors; ozone sensor manufacturers can usually also sell matching ozone alarms.
实施所涉该电源控制器是能够根据其所接收的所述电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器；能够根据其所接收的电讯号进行电源开关动作的电源控制器仅就其电路技术本身而言，是已经成熟的、公知的技术；所述电源控制器市场有售；也可利用市售的电源控制器根据需要进行改制；所述电源控制器也可向电源控制器专业制造商定制；电源控制器之类的电子器件其专业制造商遍布全球。The power controller involved in the implementation is a power controller that can perform power switching actions according to the electrical signals it receives; a power controller that can perform power switching actions based on the electrical signals it receives is only limited by its circuit technology itself. In other words, it is a mature and well-known technology; the power controller is available in the market; the commercially available power controller can also be used to modify according to needs; the power controller can also be customized to a professional manufacturer of power controllers; Professional manufacturers of electronic devices such as power controllers are located all over the world.
如上所述，在步骤b中，所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的距离控制在5厘米与40厘米之间；在这个范围之内的任意选定的距离值都是本案允许的、可用的距离值，该距离值例如可以是5厘米、9厘米、16厘米、19厘米、22.5厘米、29厘米、36厘米或40厘米，等等。As mentioned above, in step b, the distance between the outer wall of the quartz tube and the tube wall of the trumpet-shaped member around it is controlled between 5 cm and 40 cm; The specified distance values are all allowed and usable distance values in this case, and the distance values can be, for example, 5 cm, 9 cm, 16 cm, 19 cm, 22.5 cm, 29 cm, 36 cm or 40 cm, etc.
适于制作该笼状的微波约束器的优选的金属材质是经过镜面抛光处理的不锈钢；其孔洞或网眼的口径的优选范围是在0.5厘米与3.0厘米之间，此范围之内的任意选定值都是优选的可用的实施值，该口径值例如可以是0.5厘米、1.0厘米、1.75厘米、2.3厘米、3.0厘米，等等。The preferred metal material suitable for making the cage-shaped microwave confinement device is mirror-polished stainless steel; the preferred range of its hole or mesh diameter is between 0.5 cm and 3.0 cm, and any selected The values are all preferred practical values, and the caliber values can be, for example, 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.75 cm, 2.3 cm, 3.0 cm, and so on.
可以用镜面抛光的不锈钢丝编织制成该笼状的微波约束器。The cage-like microwave confinement device can be made by braiding mirror-polished stainless steel wires.
当然，也可以用镜面抛光的冲孔不锈钢板经模压、焊接或拼接工艺制成所述微波约束器。Of course, the microwave restrainer can also be made of a mirror-polished punched stainless steel plate through molding, welding or splicing processes.
该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁之间可以是采取任意选定的距离，但是，其优选的形态是，该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁相互紧贴或相互间距小于5.0厘米，例如，该距离可以是相互紧贴、0.5厘米、1厘米、2厘米、2.5厘米、3厘米、4厘米或5厘米，等等；该范围是优选的范围；但是，在此范围之外的其它间距值其选择也是本案所允许的。The distance between the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device and the inner wall of the quartz tube can be selected arbitrarily, but its preferred form is that the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement device and the inner wall of the quartz tube are connected to each other. Close to each other or less than 5.0 cm apart, for example, the distance can be close to each other, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm or 5 cm, etc.; this range is the preferred range; However, other spacing values outside this range are also allowed in this case.
更进一步优选的实施形态是该笼状的微波约束器其外壁与所述石英管内壁相互紧贴。A further preferred embodiment is that the outer wall of the cage-shaped microwave confinement is in close contact with the inner wall of the quartz tube.
所述喇叭简状构件的材质不限，所述喇叭筒状构件的材质例如可以是聚四氟乙烯材质、玻璃材质、陶瓷材质、金属材质，等等，但是，该喇叭筒状构件其优选实施材质是不锈钢。The material of the horn-shaped member is not limited, and the material of the horn-shaped member can be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene material, glass material, ceramic material, metal material, etc., but the horn-shaped member is preferably implemented The material is stainless steel.
所述石英管的外壁与围绕其周遭的喇叭筒状构件腔管管壁之间的距离控制在15厘米与30厘米之间，这个范围是优选的范围，该范围之内的任意选定的距离值都是优选的、可用的距离值，该距离值例如可以是15厘米、18厘米、22.5厘米、26厘米或30厘米，等等；然而，在这个优选范围之外的其它任意的距离选择也是本案所允许的。The distance between the outer wall of the quartz tube and the tube wall of the trumpet-shaped member around it is controlled between 15 centimeters and 30 centimeters, this range is a preferred range, any selected distance within this range Values are all preferred, available distance values, which can be, for example, 15 centimeters, 18 centimeters, 22.5 centimeters, 26 centimeters or 30 centimeters, etc.; however, other arbitrary distance selections outside this preferred range are also allowed in this case.
该喇叭筒状构件的上部端口与该反应器内腔腔顶的距离的优选的控制范围是在10厘米与100厘米之间，该范围之内的任意选定值都是优选值；该喇叭筒状构件的朝下的大头端其端口边沿与该反应器内腔侧壁之间的横向距离的优选的控制范围是在5厘米与300厘米之间，该范围之内的任意选定值都是优选值；该喇叭筒状构件的朝下的大头端其端口边沿与该反应器内腔底面之间的纵向距离的优选的控制范围是在5厘米与100厘米之间，该范围之内的任意选定值都是优选值。The preferred control range of the distance between the upper port of the horn-shaped member and the top of the reactor cavity is between 10 centimeters and 100 centimeters, and any selected value within this range is a preferred value; the horn The preferred control range of the lateral distance between the port edge of the downward big end of the shape member and the side wall of the reactor cavity is between 5 cm and 300 cm, and any selected value within this range is Preferred value; the preferred control range of the longitudinal distance between the port edge and the bottom surface of the reactor cavity of the downward big end of the trumpet-shaped member is between 5 centimeters and 100 centimeters, any within this range Selected values are preferred values.
所述增压泵，是用于增压泵送液体的机械，当然，其泵送压力可以根据需要来进行任意的选择，并且，各型增压泵市场均有售。The booster pump is a machine for boosting and pumping liquid. Of course, its pumping pressure can be selected arbitrarily according to needs, and various types of booster pumps are available in the market.
所述净水阀、污水阀，都是水阀，各型水阀市场均有售；关于水阀，该词其本身的技术含义是公知的；本案采用不同的名称，只是为了方便表述、方便区分各个不同结构位置的水阀。The water purification valve and sewage valve mentioned above are all water valves, and various types of water valves are available in the market; as for the water valve, the technical meaning of the word itself is well known; different names are used in this case just for the convenience of expression and convenience. Differentiate the water valves in different structural positions.
所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器也称反冲洗式前置过滤器或反冲洗式预过滤器，所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式前置预过滤器市场有售。The backwash type pre-filter is also called the backwash type pre-filter or the backwash type pre-filter, and the technical meaning of the backwash type pre-filter itself is known; Type pre-filters are available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器是适于微滤的过滤器；所述微滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is a filter suitable for microfiltration; the technical meaning of the term microfiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器是适于超滤的过滤器；所述超滤一词其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器其本身的技术含义对于膜分离技术领域的专业人员而言，是公知的；所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器市场有售。The backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is a filter suitable for ultrafiltration; the technical meaning of the term ultrafiltration itself is well known; the backwash type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter itself The technical meaning of is well known to professionals in the field of membrane separation technology; the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter is available on the market.
所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。The backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter can be the form of only one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomer; More than one backwashing type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter monomers are connected in parallel with each other.
表达所涉并联一词，其本身所指代的技术含义是清楚的。The technical meaning indicated by the term parallel connection itself is clear.
表达所涉单体一词，指的是其本身功能及结构完全的设备个体。The term referring to a unit refers to an individual device with complete functions and structures in itself.
类似地，所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器可以是仅有一个反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体的形态；当然，该反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器也可以是由数量在一个以上的反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器单体相互并联联接组成。Similarly, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter can be in the form of only one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter unit; of course, the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter can also be It is composed of more than one backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter monomers connected in parallel with each other.
该方法还可以包括以下步骤：在所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜微滤过滤器其净水出口与所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水口的联接管路上，串接入第二个增压泵，该第二个增压泵用于增补水压以满足所述反冲洗式中空纤维膜超滤过滤器的进水压力需求；该步骤不是必需的。The method may also include the following steps: on the connecting pipeline between the water outlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane microfiltration filter and the water inlet of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter, a second Two booster pumps, the second booster pump is used to supplement the water pressure to meet the water inlet pressure requirement of the backwashing hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration filter; this step is not necessary.
本案方法还可以进一步包括一些其它步骤，所述其它步骤例如：在反应器内腔架设液位控制开关，用于准确定位理想的液位高度；所述液位控制开关其本身的技术含义是公知的；所述液位控制开关市场有售；所述其它步骤还例如在所述金属容器底部开凿排污口，以及，在该排污口位置加装排污阀；所述其它步骤再例如：微波功率调节步骤；所述其它步骤更例如：空气泵空气通量的调节步骤；此外，还例如：通气管道改道步骤；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入端串接用于过滤杂质的过滤器，以免杂质颗粒进入反应器内腔；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入前端串接沉淀池，用于沉淀部分可沉淀之杂质；所述其它步骤再例如：在反应器废水输入前端串接废水PH值调节池，以使得输入反应器的废水PH值达到设备需要水平；等等。The method of this case may further include some other steps, such as: erecting a liquid level control switch in the inner cavity of the reactor to accurately locate the ideal liquid level height; the technical meaning of the liquid level control switch itself is well known The liquid level control switch is available on the market; the other steps are also for example digging a sewage outlet at the bottom of the metal container, and installing a sewage valve at the position of the sewage outlet; the other steps are for example: microwave power adjustment step; said other steps are more for example: the adjustment step of the air flow of the air pump; in addition, also for example: the ventilation pipe diversion step; said other steps are for example again: the filter for filtering impurities is connected in series at the input end of the reactor waste water , so as to prevent impurity particles from entering the inner chamber of the reactor; the other steps are again for example: connecting a sedimentation tank in series at the front end of the reactor wastewater input to precipitate some impurities that can be precipitated; the other steps are again for example: at the front end of the reactor wastewater input The PH value adjustment tank of wastewater is connected in series so that the PH value of the wastewater input into the reactor reaches the level required by the equipment; and so on.
从本案视角来看，作为本案背景技术的CN102260003A方案，该案结构中涉及的其所称谓的布水板、波纹隔板、内置的膜分离组件以及外置的与膜分离组件关联的抽水泵等构件，都是多余的构件，都需要予以卸除；当然，其反应器的壳体也需要予以破拆，并按照本案意图重新构建；换句话说，如果以该CN102260003A方案为起点进行构建的话，则本案方法还可以包括针对所述多余的构件的卸除步骤，以及，对其反应器壳体进行破拆的步骤，以及，依本案意图进行反应器壳体重新构建的细节步骤。From the perspective of this case, the CN102260003A scheme, which is the background technology of this case, involves the so-called water distribution plate, corrugated partition board, built-in membrane separation module and external water pump associated with the membrane separation module, etc. Components, all redundant components, need to be dismantled; of course, the shell of the reactor also needs to be demolished, and rebuilt according to the intention of this case; in other words, if the CN102260003A scheme is used as a starting point for construction, Then, the method of this case may also include the step of dismantling the redundant components, the step of dismantling the reactor shell, and the detailed steps of rebuilding the reactor shell according to the intention of this case.
本案方法其实施，不局限于以上所述步骤。The implementation of the method of this case is not limited to the steps described above.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310125041.9ACN103183396B (en) | 2013-03-23 | 2013-03-23 | Method for expanding the capacity of ultraviolet photocatalytic wastewater degradation reactor to prevent secondary pollution |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310125041.9ACN103183396B (en) | 2013-03-23 | 2013-03-23 | Method for expanding the capacity of ultraviolet photocatalytic wastewater degradation reactor to prevent secondary pollution |
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| CN103183396A CN103183396A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
| CN103183396Btrue CN103183396B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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| CN201310125041.9AExpired - Fee RelatedCN103183396B (en) | 2013-03-23 | 2013-03-23 | Method for expanding the capacity of ultraviolet photocatalytic wastewater degradation reactor to prevent secondary pollution |
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| CN (1) | CN103183396B (en) |
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| CN102260003A (en)* | 2011-05-31 | 2011-11-30 | 武汉纺织大学 | Microwave electrodeless ultraviolet photocatalysis-double membrane separation coupled treatment device for industrial wastewater |
| CN102616950A (en)* | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device for improving water quality of laminated mixed oxygenated water |
| CN102826699A (en)* | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-19 | 宁波大学 | High-capacity intermittent industrial wastewater microwave photocatalytic degradation device |
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