技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法及系统，是一种医疗植入设备组成的无线传感器网络的协作传输方案。The invention relates to a wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method and system under a human medical implant channel, and is a cooperative transmission scheme of a wireless sensor network composed of medical implant equipment.
背景技术Background technique
现有的医疗无线传感器设备的平均采集和传输的数据量较大，加之电池的容量有限，而且医疗植入设备的更换过程复杂、代价昂贵，因此如何提高能量的有效性至关重要。The average amount of data collected and transmitted by existing medical wireless sensor devices is large, coupled with limited battery capacity, and the replacement process of medical implanted devices is complicated and expensive, so how to improve energy efficiency is very important.
在无线传感网领域，以协作分集传输技术的应用最为广泛。现有的协作分集传输策略主要分为三类，放大转发(Amplify-and-Forward Methods)、检测转发(Detect-and-Forward Methods)和编码协作(Coded Cooperation)。而编码协作策略是目前协作MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put，多输入多输出)研究的主流分集方法。In the field of wireless sensor network, the application of cooperative diversity transmission technology is the most extensive. Existing cooperative diversity transmission strategies are mainly divided into three categories, Amplify-and-Forward Methods, Detect-and-Forward Methods and Coded Cooperation. The coding cooperation strategy is currently the mainstream diversity method in the research of cooperative MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output).
协作MIMO策略的研究目的最终要归结于如何提高无线传感器网络系统能效，降低网络能耗，提高网络寿命。现阶段对协作MIMO的研究主要针对协作天线阵的选取、协作编码方式的选择、残余能量节点选择方案、协作节点发送功率自适应、协作节点调制方式选择等各个方面。根据对目前研究成果的调研，协作MIMO传输策略研究中存在的最大不足是：主要成果集中于基础研究和普适性协作方案研究，缺少针对具体应用场景下的协作MIMO传输策略研究。由于实际的应用场景中存在小区间干扰，导致现有的协作MIMO传输系统的能耗仍然较高。The research purpose of the cooperative MIMO strategy ultimately comes down to how to improve the energy efficiency of the wireless sensor network system, reduce network energy consumption, and improve network life. At present, the research on cooperative MIMO mainly focuses on the selection of cooperative antenna arrays, the selection of cooperative coding methods, the selection scheme of residual energy nodes, the adaptive transmission power of cooperative nodes, and the selection of modulation modes of cooperative nodes. According to the survey of the current research results, the biggest deficiency in the research of cooperative MIMO transmission strategies is that the main achievements focus on basic research and the research of universal cooperative schemes, and there is a lack of research on cooperative MIMO transmission strategies for specific application scenarios. Due to inter-cell interference in actual application scenarios, the energy consumption of the existing cooperative MIMO transmission system is still high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法及系统，能够提高医疗植入无线传感器设备网络的能效，延长整个网络的生命周期。为此，本发明提出了如下的技术方案：Embodiments of the present invention provide a wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method and system under a human medical implant channel, which can improve the energy efficiency of the medical implant wireless sensor device network and prolong the life cycle of the entire network. For this reason, the present invention proposes following technical scheme:
一种人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法，包括以下步骤：A wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method under a human body medical implant channel, comprising the following steps:
根据个体分布密度标准选取单个个体内协作节点或选取个体间协作节点作为本地协作节点；Select a single intra-individual cooperative node or select an inter-individual cooperative node as a local cooperative node according to the individual distribution density standard;
根据实际设备的数据处理能力和最大数据传输速率确定MQAM调制方式下不同调制级数b和协作节点个数Mt的范围，采用预定方法对调制方式与协作节点个数进行联合优化，确定不同传输距离下的最优化(b，Mt)；According to the data processing capability and the maximum data transmission rate of the actual equipment, determine the range of different modulation levels b and the number of cooperative nodesMt under the MQAM modulation mode, and use a predetermined method to jointly optimize the modulation mode and the number of cooperative nodes to determine the different transmission modes. Optimization under distance (b, Mt );
通过中继节点根据所述最优化(b,Mt)完成本地数据接收和远距数据传输。Local data reception and long-distance data transmission are completed through the relay node according to the optimization (b, Mt ).
一种传感器网络协作传输系统，所述系统包括；本地体内传输设备、中级转发站、远距传输站和远端接收设备，所述本地体内传输设备为人体体域网信道，所述中继转发站为体域网与自由空间的混合信道，所述远距传输站为自由空间信道，所述远端接收设备采用多天线接收。A sensor network cooperative transmission system, the system includes; a local internal transmission device, an intermediate forwarding station, a remote transmission station and a remote receiving device, the local internal transmission device is a human body area network channel, and the relay forwarding The station is a mixed channel of body area network and free space, the remote transmission station is a free space channel, and the remote receiving device adopts multi-antenna reception.
本发明通过引入协作节点传输方案，使整个医疗植入无线传感器网络的能耗大大降低，传感器网络的生命周期得到大幅延长，有效地避免了单个节点能量耗尽带来的整个网络的瘫痪，同时减少了电池的频繁更换带来的病人的手术创伤和医疗费用。The present invention greatly reduces the energy consumption of the entire medical implanted wireless sensor network by introducing a cooperative node transmission scheme, greatly prolongs the life cycle of the sensor network, and effectively avoids the paralysis of the entire network caused by the energy exhaustion of a single node. The operation trauma and medical expenses of the patient caused by the frequent replacement of the battery are reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1为本发明提供的人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法的流程示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method under a human medical implant channel provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的医疗植入无线传感器网络的基本架构图；其中，患者个体体内环境为本地信道，中继协作为混合信道，中继节点负责本地数据接收和远距传输医院监护中心为远端接收者；Fig. 2 is the basic architecture diagram of the medical implant wireless sensor network provided by the present invention; wherein, the internal environment of the individual patient is a local channel, the relay cooperation is a mixed channel, and the relay node is responsible for local data reception and long-distance transmission. The hospital monitoring center is remote receiver;
图3为本发明提供的两种协作节点选取方法示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of two kinds of cooperative node selection methods provided by the present invention;
图4为本发明提供的采用枚举法进行调制级数b和协作节点个数Mt的联合优化方法示意图；Fig. 4 adopts enumeration method to carry out the joint optimization method synoptic diagram of modulation number b and cooperative node number Mt provided by the present invention;
图5为本发明的协作传输方案对无线传感器网络能效性和网络寿命的比较图，三条曲线分别为协作MIMO传输方案、非协作传输方案、传统协作MIMO传输方案的网络寿命；5 is a comparison diagram of the cooperative transmission scheme of the present invention on the energy efficiency and network life of the wireless sensor network, and the three curves are respectively the network life of the cooperative MIMO transmission scheme, the non-cooperative transmission scheme, and the traditional cooperative MIMO transmission scheme;
图6为本发明的传感器网络协作传输系统的工作原理图。FIG. 6 is a working principle diagram of the sensor network cooperative transmission system of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method under a human medical implant channel, including the following steps:
步骤1，根据个体分布密度标准选取单个个体内协作节点或选取个体间协作节点作为本地协作节点。Step 1. Select a single intra-individual cooperative node or an inter-individual cooperative node as a local cooperative node according to the individual distribution density standard.
具体的，协作节点选取以距离最近为准则，选取其他个体体内前Mt个节点作为协作节点。其中，Mt为联合优化方法的枚举法获得的协作节点个数，dmd为9.95m的半径。Specifically, the selection of cooperative nodes takes the shortest distance as the criterion, and selects the top Mt nodes in other individuals as cooperative nodes. Among them, Mt is the number of cooperative nodes obtained by the enumeration method of the joint optimization method, and dmd is the radius of 9.95m.
单个个体内协作节点选取方法为：以源节点为球心，半径为15cm的球内选取个体体内离源节点最近的Mt个协作节点。个体间协作节点选取方法为：以源节点为球心，半径为dmd的球内选取其他个体内的Mt个无线传感器节点为协作节点，dmd<9.95m。The method of selecting collaborative nodes within a single individual is as follows: take the source node as the center of the sphere and select Mt collaborative nodes closest to the source node in the individual within a sphere with a radius of 15 cm. The method for selecting inter-individual collaboration nodes is as follows: take the source node as the center of the sphere and select Mt wireless sensor nodes in other individuals as collaboration nodes in a sphere with a radius of dmd , dmd <9.95m.
个体分布密度满足密度标准为：当距离源个体dmd的范围内没有其他携带植入节点的个体存在时，采用单个个体内协作节点选取方法；当距离源个体dmd的范围内有其他携带植入节点的个体存在时，采用个体间协作节点选取方法。The individual distribution density meets the density standard as follows: when there are no other individuals carrying implanted nodes within the range of dmd from the source individual, the method of selecting collaborative nodes within a single individual is adopted; when there are other individuals carrying implanted nodes within the range of dmd from the source individual When the individual of the ingress node exists, the inter-individual collaborative node selection method is adopted.
步骤2，根据实际设备的数据处理能力和最大数据传输速率确定MQAM调制方式下不同调制级数b和协作节点个数Mt的范围，采用预定方法对调制方式与协作节点个数进行联合优化，确定不同传输距离下的最优化(b，Mt)。Step 2, according to the data processing capability of the actual equipment and the maximum data transmission rate, determine the range of different modulation levels b and the number of cooperative nodesMt under the MQAM modulation mode, and use a predetermined method to jointly optimize the modulation mode and the number of cooperative nodes, Determine the optimization (b, Mt ) under different transmission distances.
具体的，联合优化的过程包括：通过根据实际设备的数据处理能力和最大数据传输速率确定MQAM调制方式下不同调制级数b和协作节点个数Mt的范围，采用枚举法或其他方法对调制方式与协作节点个数进行联合优化，确定不同传输距离下的最优化(b，Mt)，使得总传输能耗最低。Specifically, the process of joint optimization includes: by determining the range of different modulation levels b and the number of cooperative nodes Mt under the MQAM modulation mode according to the data processing capability and the maximum data transmission rate of the actual equipment, using the enumeration method or other methods to The modulation mode and the number of cooperative nodes are jointly optimized to determine the optimal (b, Mt ) under different transmission distances, so that the total transmission energy consumption is the lowest.
在带有体内植入传感器节点的无线传感器网络中，未加入协作传输方案的系统能耗可表示为：In a wireless sensor network with sensor nodes implanted in the body, the energy consumption of the system without the cooperative transmission scheme can be expressed as:
在本具体实施方式中，加入协作传输方案后的系统能耗定量比较可由公式表达为：In this specific implementation, the quantitative comparison of system energy consumption after adding the cooperative transmission scheme can be expressed by the formula:
式中，取决于调制形式和星座图的大小，M为调制级数，η表示射频功率放大器的效率，为给定误码率下接收端每比特信息需要的最小能量，ML为链路差额，用以补偿背景噪声或干扰，NF为接收机噪声影响因子，PcT、PcR为发送和接收电路能耗，Rb为传输速率，λ为载波波长。In the formula, Depends on the modulation form and the size of the constellation diagram, M is the number of modulation stages, η represents the efficiency of the RF power amplifier, is the minimum energy required for each bit of information at the receiving end under a given bit error rate,ML is the link balance to compensate for background noise or interference, NF is the receiver noise impact factor,PcT , PcR are the transmission and reception Circuit energy consumption, Rb is the transmission rate, λ is the carrier wavelength.
同时可计算得到加入本具体实施方式的协作传输方案和未加入协作传输方案在不同传输距离下的总能耗比较如下表所示：At the same time, it can be calculated that the total energy consumption of the cooperative transmission scheme added in this specific embodiment and the scheme not joined in the coordinated transmission scheme under different transmission distances is shown in the following table:
步骤3，通过中继节点根据所述最优化(b,Mt)完成本地数据接收和远距数据传输。Step 3, complete local data reception and long-distance data transmission through the relay node according to the optimization (b, Mt ).
下面通过具体的实施例对本具体实施方式提供的人体医疗植入信道下的无线传感器网络协作传输方法进行详细说明。在图2所示的实施例中，本地端1包括多个患者，中继节点2负责数据接收与数据转发，远距传输站3采用协作传输方式，医院监护中心4为远端接收者，采用多天线接收。The wireless sensor network cooperative transmission method under the human medical implant channel provided by this specific embodiment will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the local terminal 1 includes multiple patients, the relay node 2 is responsible for data reception and data forwarding, the remote transmission station 3 adopts the cooperative transmission mode, and the hospital monitoring center 4 is the remote receiver, adopting Multi-antenna reception.
如图3所示，本实施例中的本地协作节点选取方法包括：单个个体内协作节点选取方法和个体之间协作节点选取方法。单个个体内协作节点选取方法为：以源节点1为球心，半径为15cm的球内选取个体体内离源节点最近的Mt个协作节点2，其他未参与协作传输的节点为3。个体间协作节点选取方法为：以源节点4为球心，半径为dmd的球内选取个体6，7内的Mt个无线传感器节点为协作节点8，其他未参与协作传输的节点为9。As shown in FIG. 3 , the method for selecting a local collaborative node in this embodiment includes: a method for selecting an intra-individual collaborative node and a method for selecting an inter-individual collaborative node. The method of selecting collaborative nodes within a single individual is as follows: select the Mt cooperative nodes 2 closest to the source node in the individual within a sphere with the source node 1 as the center of the sphere and a radius of 15 cm, and 3 other nodes that do not participate in cooperative transmission. The method of selecting inter-individual cooperative nodes is as follows: select individual 6 and Mt wireless sensor nodes within 7 in a sphere with source node 4 as the center and radius dmd as cooperative node 8, and other nodes that do not participate in cooperative transmission as 9.
如图4所示，本实施例中的调制方式与协作节点个数的联合优化方法为：通过根据实际植入医疗设备节点的数据处理能力和最大数据传输速率确定b和Mt的范围，采用枚举法把所有可能的(b，Mt)下的总传输能耗进行比较，取得最低的曲线包络1后，即得到不同距离下的最优(b，Mt)，此时总传输能耗最低。As shown in Figure 4, the joint optimization method of the modulation mode and the number of cooperative nodes in this embodiment is: by determining the range of b andMt according to the data processing capability and the maximum data transmission rate of the actual implanted medical device node, using The enumeration method compares the total transmission energy consumption under all possible (b, Mt ), and after obtaining the lowest curve envelope 1, the optimal (b, Mt ) under different distances is obtained. At this time, the total transmission Lowest energy consumption.
如图5所示，本实施例中的协作传输方案对无线传感器网络生命周期的延长能力相比传统协作传输方案、未加入协作方案，通过将无线传感器网络的电池容量进行普适性定量，由无线传感器网络的整体寿命比较图可验证本发明的能效性和网络生命周期延长能力。As shown in Figure 5, the cooperative transmission scheme in this embodiment can prolong the life cycle of the wireless sensor network compared with the traditional cooperative transmission scheme and no cooperation scheme. By quantifying the battery capacity of the wireless sensor network universally, the The overall lifetime comparison graph of the wireless sensor network can verify the energy efficiency and network lifetime extension capability of the present invention.
为实现上述方法，本发明的实施例还提出了一种传感器网络协作传输系统，如图6所示，所述系统包括；本地体内传输设备、中级接收与转发站、远距传输站和远端接收设备，所述本地体内传输设备为人体体域网信道，所述中继转发站为体域网与自由空间的混合信道，所述远距传输站为自由空间信道，所述远端接收设备采用多天线接收。In order to implement the above method, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a sensor network cooperative transmission system, as shown in Figure 6, the system includes: local internal transmission equipment, intermediate receiving and forwarding stations, remote transmission stations and remote The receiving device, the local internal transmission device is a human body area network channel, the relay forwarding station is a mixed channel of body area network and free space, the remote transmission station is a free space channel, and the remote receiving device Receive with multiple antennas.
具体的，本地体内传输设备为人体体域网信道，中继接收与转发站为体域网与空气的混合信道，远距传输站为空气信道，远端接收设备采用多天线接收。所述的人体体域网信道模型为具有大路径损耗的瑞利平衰落信道，所述的空气信道为平方率瑞利平衰落信道。并且，本实施例提供的传输方案也适合于其他信道。Specifically, the local internal transmission device is a human body area network channel, the relay receiving and forwarding station is a mixed channel of the body area network and air, the remote transmission station is an air channel, and the remote receiving device adopts multi-antenna reception. The human body area network channel model is a Rayleigh flat fading channel with large path loss, and the air channel is a square rate Rayleigh flat fading channel. Moreover, the transmission scheme provided by this embodiment is also suitable for other channels.
采用本实施例的方案，通过引入协作节点传输方案，使整个医疗植入无线传感器网络的能耗大大降低，传感器网络的生命周期得到大幅延长，有效地避免了单个节点能量耗尽带来的整个网络的瘫痪，同时减少了电池的频繁更换带来的病人的手术创伤和医疗费用。Adopting the scheme of this embodiment, by introducing the cooperative node transmission scheme, the energy consumption of the entire medical implanted wireless sensor network is greatly reduced, the life cycle of the sensor network is greatly extended, and the entire energy loss caused by the exhaustion of a single node is effectively avoided. The paralysis of the network reduces the patient's surgical trauma and medical expenses caused by frequent battery replacement.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN201310061923.3ACN103179646B (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2013-02-27 | A kind of medical-therapeutic treatment of human body is implanted into the wireless sensor network cooperation transmission method under channel and system |
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| CN103179646A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20170315 | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |