技术领域technical field
本申请涉及一种风电场的出力控制系统以及出力控制方法，尤其涉及一种采用智能分析对风电场中的风机执行出力控制，以达到风电场总体控制要求的出力控制系统以及出力控制方法。The present application relates to an output control system and an output control method of a wind farm, in particular to an output control system and an output control method that use intelligent analysis to perform output control on wind turbines in a wind farm to meet the overall control requirements of the wind farm.
背景技术Background technique
随着装机容量的不断增加，风力发电在电网中的比例越来越大。因为风力发电机组出力随机性、间歇性影响了电网对风电的接纳能力，所以一般电网调度会根据风电场的装机容量及功率预测情况，对风电场的出力给以上限控制。With the continuous increase of installed capacity, the proportion of wind power in the grid is increasing. Because the randomness and intermittence of wind turbine output affects the grid's ability to accept wind power, the general grid dispatcher will control the output of wind farms with an upper limit based on the installed capacity and power forecast of the wind farm.
风电场由多台风力发电机组构成，而对风电场的出力控制实际上就是对每台风机的控制。每台风机的安全稳定运行，关系着整个风电场的稳定运行。所谓的风机群控，即通过对单台风机的控制调整实现风电场总体规划目标。为此，不仅需要考虑单台风机自身状况，还要考虑风电场全部风机之间的相互协作。A wind farm is composed of multiple wind turbines, and the output control of the wind farm is actually the control of each wind turbine. The safe and stable operation of each wind turbine is related to the stable operation of the entire wind farm. The so-called group control of wind turbines is to realize the overall planning goal of the wind farm through the control and adjustment of a single wind turbine. For this reason, not only the condition of a single wind turbine itself, but also the mutual cooperation between all wind turbines in the wind farm must be considered.
传统的风机群控策略在控制过程中一般只考虑了单台风机的控制，而没有考虑风机之间的协作因素，因此不能保障风力发电风机运行的合理性，容易产生风机故障隐患。当前，风电场的风机数量越来越多，而竞争又要求不断降低风机维护的成本。合理利用风机，保障风机稳定运行，通过合理的风机保护机制降低风机的维护成本，已经成为未来风电场维护的发展趋势。The traditional wind group control strategy generally only considers the control of a single wind turbine in the control process, but does not consider the cooperation factors between wind turbines, so it cannot guarantee the rationality of wind turbine operation, and it is easy to cause hidden dangers of wind turbine failure. At present, the number of wind turbines in wind farms is increasing, and the competition requires continuous reduction of the cost of wind turbine maintenance. Reasonable use of wind turbines, ensuring stable operation of wind turbines, and reducing maintenance costs of wind turbines through reasonable wind turbine protection mechanisms have become the development trend of wind farm maintenance in the future.
在一种现有的风电场群控方案中，电网调度下发总体出力上限给风电场，当运行出力上限小于风电场理论总体出力时，手动对风机的功率上限进行控制或者对部分风机进行手动停机，以满足风电场整体出力要求。手动调节风电场总体出力效率低，调节时间长，调节功率计算也比较麻烦，功率分配依据人的主观作用。In an existing group control scheme for wind farms, the grid dispatcher issues the upper limit of the overall output to the wind farm. When the upper limit of the operating output is lower than the theoretical overall output of the wind farm, the upper limit of the power of the wind turbines is manually controlled or some wind turbines are manually controlled. Shutdown to meet the overall output requirements of the wind farm. Manually adjusting the overall output of wind farms is inefficient, takes a long time to adjust, and is cumbersome to calculate the adjusted power. The power distribution is based on human subjective effects.
在另一种现有的风电场群控方案中，根据调度下发的风电场出力上限，进行功率自动分配调整。按照需要限功率比例，自动随机分配单台风机所限功率比例，或者当限功率比较大时，随机对风机进行停机，以满足对风电场的总体出力控制。这种采用随机的方式对单台风机限功率或者停机，没有针对风机本身的运行状态进行功率分配，可能使有故障隐患的风机持续运行在不合理的状况，或者使一台健康风机长时间连续工作而对风机的硬件照成损伤，从而降低了风机的可利用率，提高风机维护成本。In another existing wind farm group control scheme, automatic power allocation and adjustment are performed according to the upper limit of wind farm output issued by dispatching. According to the required power limit ratio, the limited power ratio of a single wind turbine is automatically randomly allocated, or when the limited power is relatively large, the wind turbine is randomly shut down to meet the overall output control of the wind farm. This random method of limiting power or shutting down a single fan does not allocate power according to the operating status of the fan itself, which may cause a fan with potential failures to continue to operate in an unreasonable state, or make a healthy fan run continuously for a long time. The hardware of the fan will be damaged due to work, thereby reducing the availability of the fan and increasing the maintenance cost of the fan.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种风电场的出力控制系统以及出力控制方法，采用智能分析对风电场中的风机执行出力控制，以达到风电场的总体控制要求。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an output control system and an output control method of a wind farm, which uses intelligent analysis to control the output of the wind turbines in the wind farm, so as to meet the overall control requirements of the wind farm.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种风电场的出力控制系统以及出力控制方法，采用智能分析对风电场中的风机的运行状态进行评估，并且考虑各风机的运行状态对风电场的出力进行控制，从而使风机健康地运行，提高风电场整体运行的可靠性。Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind farm output control system and output control method, which uses intelligent analysis to evaluate the operating status of the wind turbines in the wind farm, and considers the operating status of each fan to control the output of the wind farm , so that the wind turbines can run healthily, and the reliability of the overall operation of the wind farm can be improved.
根据本发明的一方面，提供一种风电场的出力控制系统，包括：风电场运行参数采集模块，用于从各风机持续采集其运行参数，所述运行参数包括各主要部件的温度参数和振动参数以及风机的当前运行功率、风速和环境温度；风机运行状态评估模块，用于根据风电场运行参数采集模块在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数确定各风机的运行状态，所述运行状态是可运行状态和需停机状态之一；风机控制命令输出模块，用于将停机命令分别发送给风机运行状态评估模块确定的处于需停机状态的风机。其中，风机运行状态评估模块在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各变桨系统的温度差超出预定的温差范围，或者所述风机各主要部件的振动超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块确定所述风机处于需停机状态。According to one aspect of the present invention, a wind farm output control system is provided, including: a wind farm operation parameter collection module, used to continuously collect the operation parameters from each wind turbine, the operation parameters include the temperature parameters and vibration of each main component Parameters and the current operating power, wind speed and ambient temperature of the fan; the fan operating state evaluation module is used to determine the operating state of each fan according to the operating parameters of each fan collected by the wind farm operating parameter acquisition module within a period of time, and the operating state It is one of the running state and the state to be stopped; the wind turbine control command output module is used to send the shutdown command to the wind turbines in the state to be stopped determined by the wind turbine running state evaluation module. Wherein, when the wind turbine operation state evaluation module determines the operation state of any wind turbine, if the temperature difference of each pitch system of the wind turbine exceeds the predetermined temperature difference range within a predetermined time, or the vibration of each main component of the wind turbine exceeds a predetermined The vibration limit value of the wind turbine is determined by the wind turbine operating state evaluation module to be in a state to be shut down.
优选地，所述可运行状态包括正常运行状态和降功率可运行状态，并且风机运行状态评估模块在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度在正常范围内并且其振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块确定所述风机处于正常运行状态，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度的温升超过预定的温升限值，其各变桨系统的温度差在预定的温差范围内，并且所述风机各主要部件的振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块确定所述风机处于降功率可运行状态。Preferably, the operable state includes a normal operating state and a power-reduced operable state, and when the fan operating state evaluation module determines the operating state of any fan, if within a predetermined time, the temperature of each main component of the fan is within If the fan is within the normal range and its vibration does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit, the fan operating state evaluation module determines that the fan is in a normal operating state. If the temperature rise of the main components of the fan exceeds the predetermined temperature within a predetermined time If the temperature difference of each pitch system is within the predetermined temperature difference range, and the vibration of each main component of the fan does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit, then the fan operating state evaluation module determines that the fan is in a power reduction Operating status.
优选地，所述的出力控制系统还包括：限功率决策模块，用于根据风电场运行参数采集模块采集的各风机的运行参数以及风机运行状态评估模块确定的各风机的运行状态确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, the output control system further includes: a power-limiting decision-making module, which is used to determine whether the wind farm is currently in a normal state according to the operating parameters of each fan collected by the wind farm operation parameter acquisition module and the operating status of each fan determined by the fan operating status evaluation module. Among the fans in the running state and the fans in the reduced-power running state, the fans that need to perform output control.
优选地，限功率决策模块在确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机时，以风电场运行参数采集模块在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为风机运行状态评估模块确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型，计算当前处于正常运行状态的每台风机的最大输出功率以及处于降功率可运行状态的每台风机的最大运行功率的总和作为风电场最大出力总功率Pmax，根据风机运行状态评估模块确定的各个当前处于正常运行状态的各风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的各风机的当前运行功率、风电场最大出力总功率Pmax以及预定的风电场计划出力上限Pplan，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, when the power limit decision-making module determines the wind turbines that need to perform output control among the wind turbines that are currently in the normal operation state and the wind turbines that are in the power-reduced operational state, the wind farm operation parameter collection module collects the data of each wind turbine within a period of time. The operating parameters are used as training samples, and the neural network modeling method is used to establish the power model of the maximum operating power of each fan in the reduced power operable state determined by the fan operating state evaluation module, and calculate the maximum operating power of each fan currently in normal operation. The sum of the output power and the maximum operating power of each wind turbine in the state of reduced power operation is taken as the maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm. The current operating power of each wind turbine in the operable state, the maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm, and the predetermined upper limit Pplan of the wind farm’s planned output are determined to be executed among the wind turbines currently in normal operating state and the wind turbines in the reduced-power operable state. Fans with output control.
优选地，限功率决策模块在确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机时，如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则限功率决策模块优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, when the power-limiting decision-making module determines the fans that need to perform output control among the fans that are currently in normal operation and the fans that are in the reduced-power operable state, if it is determined that Pmax >Pplan , the power-limiting decision-making module will give priority to starting from One or more fans among the fans in the reduced-power operable state are determined as the fans that need to perform output control.
优选地，限功率决策模块在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机时，优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机。其中，风机控制命令输出模块还将停机命令分别发送给限功率决策模块确定的需要停机的风机。Preferably, when the power limit decision-making module preferentially determines one or more wind turbines from among the wind turbines that are in the reduced power operable state as the wind turbines that need to perform output control, it preferentially determines one or more wind turbines that are in the reduced power operable state. The fan acts as a fan that needs to be shut down. Wherein, the wind turbine control command output module also sends shutdown commands to the wind turbines determined by the power limiting decision-making module that need to be shut down.
优选地，限功率决策模块在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机时，计算风电场功率偏差值Pexcess＝Pmax-Pplan，如果Pexcess≤α×Pmax，其中，0＜α＜1，则限功率决策模块优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机，其中，风机控制命令输出模块还将降功率命令分别发送给限功率决策模块确定的需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, the power limit decision-making module calculates the wind farm power deviation value Pexcess =Pmax -Pplan when preferentially determining one or more wind turbines from the wind turbines that are in the power reduction and operable state as the wind turbines that need to perform output control, if Pexcess ≤α×Pmax , where, 0<α<1, the power-limiting decision-making module preferentially determines one or more fans from the fans that are in the state of power-reduced operation as the fans that need to be operated at reduced power, where the fan control The command output module also sends the power reduction command to the wind turbines determined by the power limit decision-making module that need to be operated with reduced power.
优选地，如果限功率决策模块确定Pexcess＞α×Pmax，则限功率决策模块优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机，并且通过风机控制命令输出模块将停机命令分别发送给确定的需要停机的风机，以使根据剩余的处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机再次计算得到的Pexcess≤α×Pmax，然后再优先从处于其余的降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机，并且通过风机控制命令输出模块将降功率命令分别发送给确定的需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, if the power-limiting decision-making module determines that Pexcess >α×Pmax , the power-limiting decision-making module preferentially determines one or more fans from the wind turbines that are in the reduced-power operable state as the wind turbines that need to be shut down, and through the wind turbine control command The output module sends the stop command to the determined fans that need to be stopped, so that Pexcess ≤α×Pmax calculated again based on the remaining fans in normal operation and the fans in the reduced power operation state, and then give priority to Determine one or more fans from the rest of the fans in the reduced-power operable state as the fans that need to be operated with reduced power, and send the power-reduced commands to the determined fans that need to be operated with reduced power through the fan control command output module.
优选地，限功率决策模块在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机或需要降功率运行的风机时，为当前没有处于需停机状态的每台风机计算所述风机在过去预定长度的时间周期内的限电时间，将没有处于需停机状态的各风机的标识按照风机的限电时间进行升序排序，按照被限电时间升序的顺序，选择并确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机或需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, when the power limit decision-making module preferentially determines one or more wind turbines from among the wind turbines that are in the state of reducing power and can be operated as the wind turbine that needs to be shut down or needs to be operated at reduced power, it calculates the power consumption for each wind turbine that is not currently in the state that needs to be shut down. According to the power-limited time of the above-mentioned wind turbines in the past predetermined length of time period, the identifiers of the fans that are not in the state of needing to be stopped are sorted in ascending order according to the power-limited time of the fans, and in the ascending order of the power-limited time, select and determine one or Multiple fans are used as fans that need to be shut down or run at reduced power.
优选地，限功率决策模块为风机各主要部件计算所述主要部件的温度上限值的平均值Tp，并且将计算的各主要部件的Tp作为神经网络建模方法的输入的一部分，以风电场运行参数采集模块在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为风机运行状态评估模块确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。Preferably, the power limit decision-making module calculates the average value Tp of the temperature upper limit of the main components for each main component of the wind turbine, and uses the calculated Tp of each main component as a part of the input of the neural network modeling method, and the wind farm The operating parameters of each fan collected by the operating parameter acquisition module within a period of time are used as training samples, and the neural network modeling method is used to establish a power model of the maximum operating power for each fan that is in a power-reduced and operable state determined by the fan operating state evaluation module .
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种风电场的出力控制方法，包括，在风电场中央监控系统执行以下步骤：A)从各风机持续采集其运行参数，所述运行参数包括各主要部件的温度参数和振动参数以及风机的当前运行功率、风速和环境温度；B)根据在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数确定各风机的运行状态，所述运行状态是可运行状态和需停机状态之一；C)将停机命令分别发送给步骤B)中确定的处于需停机状态的风机。其中，在步骤B)，在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各变桨系统的温度差超出所述预定的温差范围，或者所述风机各主要部件的振动超过预定的振动限值，则确定所述风机处于需停机状态。According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling output of a wind farm is provided, comprising: performing the following steps in the central monitoring system of the wind farm: A) continuously collecting its operating parameters from each wind turbine, and the operating parameters include the parameters of each main component Temperature parameters and vibration parameters and the current operating power, wind speed and ambient temperature of the fan; B) determine the operating status of each fan according to the operating parameters of each fan collected within a period of time, and the operating status is an operational status and a shutdown status One; C) sending the shutdown command to the wind turbines determined in step B) to be shut down. Wherein, in step B), when determining the operating state of any fan, if within a predetermined time, the temperature difference of each pitch system of the fan exceeds the predetermined temperature difference range, or the vibration of each main component of the fan If the predetermined vibration limit is exceeded, it is determined that the fan is in a state to be stopped.
优选地，所述可运行状态包括正常运行状态和降功率可运行状态，并且在步骤B)，在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度在正常范围内并且其振动不超过预定的振动限值，则确定所述风机处于正常运行状态，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度的温升超过预定的温升限值，其各变桨系统的温度差在预定的温差范围内，并且所述风机各主要部件的振动不超过预定的振动限值，则确定所述风机处于降功率可运行状态。Preferably, the operable state includes a normal operating state and a reduced-power operable state, and in step B), when determining the operating state of any fan, if within a predetermined time, the temperature of each main component of the fan is within Within the normal range and its vibration does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit, it is determined that the fan is in a normal operating state. If the temperature rise of the main components of the fan exceeds the predetermined temperature rise limit within a predetermined time, its If the temperature difference of each pitch system is within a predetermined temperature difference range, and the vibration of each main component of the wind turbine does not exceed a predetermined vibration limit, then it is determined that the wind turbine is in a reduced-power operable state.
优选地，所述的出力控制方法还包括：D)根据在步骤A)采集的各风机的运行参数以及在步骤B)确定的各风机的运行状态确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, the output control method further includes: D) determining the fans that are currently in normal operation and those that are in power reduction according to the operating parameters of each fan collected in step A) and the operating status of each fan determined in step B). Among the fans in the operational state, the fans that need to perform output control.
优选地，在步骤D)在确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机时，D-1)以在一段时间内，在步骤A)采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为在步骤B)确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型，D-2)计算当前处于正常运行状态的每台风机的最大输出功率以及处于降功率可运行状态的每台风机的最大运行功率的总和作为风电场最大出力总功率Pmax，D-3)根据确定的各个当前处于正常运行状态的各风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的各风机的当前运行功率、风电场最大出力总功率Pmax以及预定的风电场计划出力上限Pplan，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, in step D), when determining the fans that need to perform output control among the fans that are currently in the normal operation state and the fans that are in the reduced power operation state, D-1) uses the data collected in step A) within a period of time The operating parameters of each fan are used as training samples, and the neural network modeling method is used to establish a power model of the maximum operating power for each fan determined in step B) to be in a power-reduced operable state, and D-2) to calculate that it is currently in a normal operating state The sum of the maximum output power of each wind turbine and the maximum operating power of each wind turbine in the state of reduced power operation is taken as the maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm. D-3) According to the determined The current operating power of the wind turbines and the wind turbines in the state of reduced power operation, the maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm, and the predetermined upper limit of the planned output of the wind farm Pplan to determine the wind turbines currently in normal operation and the state of reduced power operation Fans that need to perform output control among the fans.
优选地，步骤D-3)包括：如果Pmax＞Pplan，则优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机。Preferably, step D-3) includes: if Pmax >Pplan , prioritizing one or more fans from the fans in the reduced-power operable state as the fans whose output control needs to be performed.
优选地，在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机时，优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机，并且还将停机命令分别发送给确定的需要停机的风机。Preferably, when one or more wind turbines that are in the operational state with reduced power are preferentially determined as the wind turbines that need to perform output control, one or more wind turbines that are in the operational state with reduced power are preferentially determined as the wind turbines that need to be shut down. wind turbines, and send shutdown commands to the wind turbines determined to be shut down.
优选地，步骤D-3)包括：如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则计算风电场功率偏差值Pexcess＝Pmax-Pplan，并且如果Pexcess≤×Pmax，其中，0＜α＜1，则优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机。其中，步骤C)还包括：将降功率命令分别发送给确定的需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, step D-3) includes: if it is determined that Pmax >Pplan , calculating the wind farm power deviation value Pexcess =Pmax -Pplan , and if Pexcess ≤×Pmax , where 0<α<1 , then preferentially determine one or more fans from the fans that are in the state of being able to operate with reduced power as the fans that need to be operated at reduced power. Wherein, step C) further includes: sending power reduction commands to the determined wind turbines that need to operate with reduced power respectively.
优选地，如果Pexcess＞α×Pmax，则优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机，并且将停机命令分别发送给确定的需要停机的风机，以使根据剩余的处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机再次计算得到的Pexcess≤α×Pmax，然后再优先从处于其余的降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机，并且将降功率命令分别发送给确定的需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, if Pexcess >α×Pmax , one or more fans that are in the reduced-power operable state are preferentially determined as the fans that need to be shut down, and the shutdown commands are respectively sent to the determined fans that need to be stopped, so that Pexcess ≤α×Pmax calculated again based on the remaining fans in normal operation and the fans in the reduced power operation state, and then preferentially determine one or A plurality of fans are used as fans that need to be operated at reduced power, and power reduction commands are sent to the determined fans that need to be operated at reduced power.
优选地，在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机或需要降功率运行的风机时，为当前没有处于需停机状态的每台风机计算所述风机在过去预定长度的时间周期内的限电时间，将没有处于需停机状态的各风机的标识按照风机的限电时间进行升序排序，按照被限电时间升序的顺序，选择并确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机或需要降功率运行的风机。Preferably, when one or more wind turbines are preferentially determined as wind turbines that need to be shut down or run at reduced power among the wind turbines that are in the state of being able to operate with reduced power, the wind turbines that are not currently in the state of needing to be shut down are calculated in the past. For the power-limited time within a predetermined length of time period, the identifications of the wind turbines that are not in the state that need to be shut down are sorted in ascending order according to the power-limited time of the fans, and one or more wind turbines are selected and determined as the power-limited time in ascending order. Fans that need to be shut down or run at reduced power.
优选地，步骤D-1)包括：为风机各主要部件计算所述主要部件的温度上限值的平均值Tp，并且将计算的各主要部件的Tp作为神经网络建模方法的输入的一部分，以在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。Preferably, step D-1) includes: calculating the average value Tp of the temperature upper limit of the main components for each main component of the fan, and using the calculated Tp of each main component as part of the input of the neural network modeling method, Taking the operating parameters of each fan collected in a period of time as a training sample, a neural network modeling method is used to establish a power model of the maximum operating power for each fan that is determined to be in a power-reduced operable state.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过下面结合附图进行的描述，本发明的上述和其他目的和特点将会变得更加清楚，其中：The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become clearer through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制系统的逻辑框图；FIG. 1 is a logic block diagram illustrating an output control system of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
图2～图6是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制方法的流程图；2 to 6 are flowcharts illustrating a method for controlling output of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
图7是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的为风机建立功率模型的示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating establishing a power model for a wind turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下，将参照附图来详细说明本发明的实施例。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制系统的逻辑框图。本发明的风电场的出力控制系统可实现为风电场的中央监控系统的一部分。FIG. 1 is a logic block diagram showing an output control system of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The output control system of the wind farm of the present invention can be implemented as a part of the central monitoring system of the wind farm.
参照图1，根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场出力控制系统包括风电场运行参数采集模块110、风机运行状态评估模块120和风机控制命令输出模块130。Referring to FIG. 1 , a wind farm output control system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a wind farm operating parameter acquisition module 110 , a wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120 and a wind turbine control command output module 130 .
风电场运行参数采集模块110用于从各个风机持续采集其运行参数，所述运行参数包括各主要部件(主要部件是指机组的主要大部件，包括但不限于发电机、变流器、变桨电机、变桨逆变器、偏航电机等)的温度参数和振动参数以及风机的当前运行功率、风速和环境温度。The wind farm operating parameter acquisition module 110 is used to continuously collect its operating parameters from each wind turbine, and the operating parameters include each main component (the main component refers to the main large components of the unit, including but not limited to generators, converters, pitch Motor, pitch inverter, yaw motor, etc.) temperature parameters and vibration parameters, as well as the current operating power, wind speed and ambient temperature of the fan.
风机运行状态评估模块120用于根据风电场运行参数采集模块110在一段时间内采集的各个风机的运行参数确定各风机的运行状态，所述运行状态是可运行状态和需停机状态之一。根据本发明的优选实施例，风机运行状态评估模块120还进一步将处于可运行状态的风机确定为处于正常运行状态或降功率可运行状态。The wind turbine operation state evaluation module 120 is used to determine the operation state of each wind turbine according to the operation parameters of each wind turbine collected by the wind farm operation parameter collection module 110 within a period of time, and the operation state is one of an operational state and a shutdown state. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine operating state assessment module 120 further determines that the wind turbine in the operable state is in the normal operating state or the reduced power operable state.
风机运行状态评估模块120在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各变桨系统的温度差超出所述预定的温差范围，或者所述风机各主要部件的振动超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块120确定所述风机处于需停机状态。When the wind turbine operation state evaluation module 120 determines the operation state of any wind turbine, if within a predetermined time, the temperature difference of each pitch system of the wind turbine exceeds the predetermined temperature difference range, or the vibration of each main component of the wind turbine exceeds If the predetermined vibration limit value is exceeded, the wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120 determines that the wind turbine is in a state to be shut down.
此外，风机运行状态评估模块120在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度在正常范围内(正常温度主要是指温度上限，各个不同区域的温度上限跟其所处的环境有关)并且其振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块120确定所述风机处于正常运行状态；如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度的温升超过预定的温升限值，其各变桨系统的温度差在预定的温差范围内，并且所述风机各主要部件的振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块120确定所述风机处于降功率可运行状态。In addition, when the blower operating state evaluation module 120 determines the operating state of any blower, if the temperature of each main component of the blower is within the normal range within a predetermined time (normal temperature mainly refers to the upper limit of temperature, the temperature of each different area The upper limit is related to its environment) and its vibration does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit value, then the fan operating state assessment module 120 determines that the fan is in a normal operating state; if within a predetermined time, the temperature of each main component of the fan If the temperature rise of the wind turbine exceeds the predetermined temperature rise limit, the temperature difference of each pitch system is within the predetermined temperature difference range, and the vibration of the main components of the fan does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit, then the fan operating state evaluation module 120 It is determined that the fan is in a reduced-power operable state.
上述预定的温差范围、振动限值以及各变桨系统的温差范围是预先设置的经验值。根据风电场不同的情况，可对所述经验值进行调整。The above-mentioned predetermined temperature difference range, vibration limit value and temperature difference range of each pitch system are preset empirical values. According to different conditions of the wind farm, the empirical value can be adjusted.
风机控制命令输出模块130用于将停机命令分别发送给风机运行状态评估模块120确定的处于需停机状态的风机。The wind turbine control command output module 130 is used to send the shutdown command to the wind turbines determined by the wind turbine running state evaluation module 120 to be in a shutdown state.
根据本发明的优选实施例，风电场出力控制系统还包括限功率决策模块140。限功率决策模块140用于根据风电场运行参数采集模块110采集的各风机的运行参数以及风机运行状态评估模块120确定的各风机的运行状态，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。所述需执行出力控制的风机分为需要停机的风机和需要降功率运行的风机。风机控制命令输出模块130还将停机命令分别发送给限功率决策模块确定的需要停机的风机，并且/或者将降功率命令发送给需要降功率运行的风机。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wind farm output control system further includes a power limit decision module 140 . The power limit decision-making module 140 is used to determine the wind turbines that are currently in normal operation and the wind turbines that are in power reduction according to the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected by the wind farm operation parameter collection module 110 and the operation status of each wind turbine determined by the wind turbine operation status evaluation module 120. Among the fans in the running state, the fans that need to perform output control. The fans that need to be controlled for output are divided into those that need to be shut down and those that need to be operated with reduced power. The wind turbine control command output module 130 also sends shutdown commands to the wind turbines determined by the power limit decision-making module that need to be shut down, and/or sends a power reduction command to the wind turbines that need to run with reduced power.
以下将详细描述限功率决策模块140确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机的处理。The following will describe in detail how the power limit decision-making module 140 determines the wind turbines that need to perform output control among the wind turbines that are currently in the normal operation state and the wind turbines that are in the reduced power operation state.
根据本发明的示例性实施例，为了计算风电场的最大处理功率，首先计算降功率可运行的各风机在合理条件范围内理论上能够发出的最大功率。为此，本发明提出通过神经网络建模方法来建立降功率可运行的各风机的功率模型。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to calculate the maximum processing power of the wind farm, firstly calculate the theoretical maximum power that can be generated by each wind turbine that can operate with reduced power within a reasonable range of conditions. For this reason, the present invention proposes to establish a power model of each fan that can be operated with reduced power by using a neural network modeling method.
首先，限功率决策模块140以风电场运行参数采集模块110在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法(例如RBF)为风机运行状态评估模块120确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。图7示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的为风机建立功率模型的示意图。如图7所示，限功率决策模块140以各风机的风速V、环境温度t、当前运行功率P以及预定的各部件的正常温度上限Tp为输入，通过RBF神经网络训练方法进行训练，从而得到每个处于降功率可运行状态的风机的最大运行功率的功率模型。First, the power limit decision-making module 140 uses the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected by the wind farm operating parameter acquisition module 110 within a period of time as a training sample, and uses a neural network modeling method (such as RBF) to determine the operating state evaluation module 120 of the wind farm. The power model of the maximum operating power is established for each fan in the operable state with reduced power. Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of establishing a power model for a wind turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the power limit decision-making module 140 takes the wind speed V of each fan, the ambient temperature t, the current operating power P and the predetermined upper limit Tp of the normal temperature of each component as input, and performs training through the RBF neural network training method, thereby obtaining The power model for the maximum operating power of each fan in the derated operable state.
根据本发明的优选实施例，限功率决策模块140为风机各主要部件计算所述主要部件的温度上限值的平均值Tp，并且将计算的各主要部件的Tp作为神经网络建模方法的输入的一部分，以风电场运行参数采集模块110在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为风机运行状态评估模块120确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power limit decision-making module 140 calculates the average value Tp of the temperature upper limit of the main components of the fan for each main component, and uses the calculated Tp of each main component as the input of the neural network modeling method As a part of the wind farm operating parameter collection module 110, the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected within a period of time are used as training samples, and the neural network modeling method is used for each wind turbine that is in a power-reduced operable state determined by the wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120. Build a power model for its maximum operating power.
其次，限功率决策模块140计算当前处于正常运行状态的每台风机的最大输出功率以及处于降功率可运行状态的每台风机的最大运行功率的总和作为风电场最大出力总功率Pmax。对于当前处于正常状态的风机，可根据风机当前风速以及运行功率曲线计算出其最大运行功率；而根据前述神经网络建模可获得处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机的最大运行功率。Secondly, the power limit decision-making module 140 calculates the sum of the maximum output power of each wind turbine currently in normal operation state and the maximum operating power of each wind turbine in reduced power operation state as the total maximum output power Pmax of the wind farm. For a fan currently in a normal state, its maximum operating power can be calculated according to the current wind speed and operating power curve of the fan; and the maximum operating power of each fan in a reduced-power operable state can be obtained according to the aforementioned neural network modeling.
然后，限功率决策模块140根据风机运行状态评估模块120确定的各个当前处于正常运行状态的各风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的各风机的当前运行功率、风电场最大出力总功率Pmax以及预定的风电场计划出力上限Pplan，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。有些机组由于状态良好长时间运行，希望让风电机组发电时间分布比较均匀，为了保护机组安全稳定的运行，可尽量优先选取运行时间长的机组进行停机。此外，由于机组限电是通过变桨实现的，长期限电的话变桨系统负荷比较大，变桨系统是机组一个脆弱的环节，有好多故障都是变桨系统引起的，为了保护变桨系统，还可尽量优先选取之前限电时间短的机组限功率运行控制。Then, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines according to the current operating power of each wind turbine in the normal operation state and each wind turbine in the power-reduced operational state determined by the wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120, the maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm, and the predetermined The upper limit Pplan of the planned output of the wind farm is used to determine the wind turbines that need to perform output control among the wind turbines that are currently in normal operation and the wind turbines that are in the reduced power operation state. Some wind turbines have been running for a long time in good condition, and it is hoped that the power generation time of the wind turbines will be distributed more evenly. In order to protect the safe and stable operation of the wind turbines, the generators with long running hours can be preferentially selected for shutdown. In addition, since the unit power cut is realized through pitch change, the load on the pitch control system will be relatively large if the power is cut off for a long time. The pitch control system is a fragile link of the unit. , but also try to give priority to the power-limited operation control of the units with short power-limited time before.
根据本发明的示例性实施例，限功率决策模块140在确定需执行出力控制的风机时，如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the power limit decision-making module 140 determines the wind turbines that need to perform output control, if Pmax >Pplan is determined, the power limit decision-making module 140 will preferentially determine from among the wind turbines that are in the state of reducing power. One or more fans are used as the fans that need to perform output control.
根据本发明的优选实施例，限功率决策模块140在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机时，为当前没有处于需停机状态的每台风机计算所述风机在过去预定长度的时间周期内的限电时间，将没有处于需停机状态的各风机的标识按照风机的限电时间进行升序排序，然后按照被限电时间升序的顺序，选择并确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more fans among the fans that are in the reduced-power operable state as the fans that need to perform output control, each fan that is not currently in the state that needs to be stopped The wind turbine calculates the power-limited time of the wind turbine in the past predetermined length of time period, sorts the identifiers of the fans that are not in the state of needing to be stopped in ascending order according to the power-limited time of the wind turbine, and then selects according to the ascending order of the power-limited time And determine one or more fans as the fans that need to perform output control.
根据本发明的可选实施例，限功率决策模块140在优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机时，优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机。此时，风机控制命令输出模块130还将停机命令分别发送给限功率决策模块140确定的需要停机的风机。According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, when the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more wind turbines from among the wind turbines that are in the operational state with reduced power as the wind turbines that need to perform output control, the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially selects one or more wind turbines that are in the operational state with reduced power. Among the fans, one or more fans are determined as the fans that need to be shut down. At this time, the wind turbine control command output module 130 also sends shutdown commands to the wind turbines determined by the power limit decision module 140 that need to be shut down.
表1示出按照过去一周内的限电时间升序排序的一组风机的功率的示例：Table 1 shows an example of the power of a group of wind turbines sorted in ascending order of blackout time in the past week:
假设计算得出的风电场最大出力总功率Pmax是3800KW，而风电场计划出力上限Pplan是2500KW。由于Pmax＞Pplan，因此，限功率决策模块140自限电时间最短的风机开始，将风机5和风机4确定为需要停机的风机，从而当前剩下的3台风机当前的运行功率之和为1800KW，低于Pplan。Assume that the calculated maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm is 3800KW, and the planned output upper limit Pplan of the wind farm is 2500KW. Since Pmax >Pplan , the power limit decision-making module 140 starts from the fan with the shortest power-limiting time, and determines fan 5 and fan 4 as the fans that need to be shut down, so that the sum of the current operating power of the remaining three fans is It is 1800KW, lower than Pplan .
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，限功率决策模块140如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则限功率决策模块140先计算风电场功率偏差值Pexcess＝Pmax-Pplan。According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the power limit decision-making module 140 determines that Pmax >Pplan , the power limit decision-making module 140 first calculates the wind farm power deviation value Pexcess =Pmax -Pplan .
如果Pexcess≤×Pmax，则限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机；此时，风机控制命令输出模块130还将降功率命令分别发送给限功率决策模块140确定的需要降功率运行的风机。这里，要根据风机功率的调整范围以及风电场的具体需求来选取α值，0＜α＜1；优选地，0.3≤α≤0.6。也就是说，当风电场最大输出功率Pmax超出风电场计划出力上限Pplan不是太多(功率偏差值Pexcess在一定范围内)时，限功率决策模块140可选择降功率运行部分风机。可参照前述基于一段时间内限电时间升序的顺序选择和确定所述降功率运行风机。If Pexcess ≤×Pmax , then the power limit decision module 140 will preferentially determine one or more fans from the fans that are in the reduced-power operable state as the fans that need to be operated at reduced power; at this time, the fan control command output module 130 will also The power reduction command is respectively sent to the wind turbines determined by the power limit decision module 140 that need to operate with reduced power. Here, the value of α should be selected according to the adjustment range of the fan power and the specific requirements of the wind farm, 0<α<1; preferably, 0.3≤α≤0.6. That is to say, when the maximum output power Pmax of the wind farm does not exceed the upper limit Pplan of the planned output of the wind farm by too much (the power deviation value Pexcess is within a certain range), the power limit decision module 140 may choose to reduce power to operate some wind turbines. The wind turbines operating at reduced power can be selected and determined by referring to the aforementioned order based on the ascending order of power-limited time within a period of time.
同样以表1示出的示例为例，假设计算得出的风电场最大出力总功率Pmax是3800KW，而风电场计划出力上限Pplan是2500KW，Pmax＞Pplan。这里，Pexcess＝1300，假设α＝0.5，Pexcess＜α×Pmax。因此，限功率决策模块140可仅选择对部分风机进行降功率控制，而不对风电场中的风机停机。例如，自限电时间最短的风机开始，按照预定的权值、比例或算法，可确定将风机5和风机4各降功率650KW和650KW；或者可确定将风机5、风机4和风机3各降功率500KW、400KW和400KW；或者可确定将风机5、风机4、风机3和风机2各降功率400KW、400KW、250KW和250KW，降功率风机的选择不限于上述示例。Also take the example shown in Table 1 as an example, assuming that the calculated maximum total output power Pmax of the wind farm is 3800KW, and the planned upper limit Pplan of the wind farm is 2500KW, and Pmax >Pplan . Here, Pexcess =1300, assuming α=0.5, Pexcess <α×Pmax . Therefore, the power limit decision-making module 140 may only choose to perform power reduction control on some wind turbines, without shutting down the wind turbines in the wind farm. For example, starting from the fan with the shortest power-limiting time, according to a predetermined weight, ratio or algorithm, it can be determined to reduce the power of fan 5 and fan 4 by 650KW and 650KW respectively; or it can be determined to reduce the power of fan 5, fan 4 and fan 3 respectively The power is 500KW, 400KW and 400KW; or it can be determined to reduce the power of fan 5, fan 4, fan 3 and fan 2 by 400KW, 400KW, 250KW and 250KW respectively, and the selection of power reduction fans is not limited to the above examples.
另一方面，如果Pexcess＞×Pmax，则限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机，以使根据剩余运行的风机的总输出功率低于(1-α)×Pmax或更低。然后，在确定需要停机的风机被停机后，按照前述限功率决策模块140确定需要降功率运行的风机的方式进一步进行限功率控制。也就是说，当风电场最大输出功率Pmax超出风电场计划出力上限Pplan相当多(功率偏差值Pexcess超出一定范围内)时，限功率决策模块140可先选择对部分风机进行停机控制，以使风电场总的输出功率降到一定范围内，然后，再选择对部分风机进行降功率运行控制。On the other hand, if Pexcess >×Pmax , the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more fans from the fans that are in the reduced-power operable state as the fans that need to be shut down, so that according to the total number of remaining running fans, The output power is lower than (1-α)×Pmax or lower. Then, after it is determined that the wind turbines that need to be shut down are shut down, power limit control is further performed in the manner in which the power limit decision module 140 determines the wind turbines that need to be operated at reduced power. That is to say, when the maximum output power Pmax of the wind farm exceeds the upper limit Pplan of the planned output of the wind farm by a considerable amount (the power deviation value Pexcess exceeds a certain range), the power limiting decision module 140 may first choose to perform shutdown control on some wind turbines, In order to reduce the total output power of the wind farm to a certain range, and then choose to perform power reduction operation control on some wind turbines.
仍以表1示出的示例为例，假设计算得出的风电场最大出力总功率Pmax是3800KW，而风电场计划出力上限Pplan是2500KW，Pmax＞Pplan。这里，Pexcess＝1300，假设α＝0.2，Pexcess＞α×Pmax。因此，限功率决策模块140可选选择对部分风机进行停机，将风电场总输出功率降到一定范围。例如，自限电时间最短的风机开始，先确定将风机5停机，将风电场总输出功率降到大约3000KW。此后，限功率决策模块140可按照前述限功率决策模块140确定需要降功率运行的风机的方式进一步进行限功率控制。Still taking the example shown in Table 1 as an example, assume that the calculated total maximum output power Pmax of the wind farm is 3800KW, and the planned upper limit Pplan of the wind farm is 2500KW, and Pmax >Pplan . Here, Pexcess =1300, assuming α=0.2, Pexcess >α×Pmax . Therefore, the power-limiting decision-making module 140 can choose to shut down some wind turbines to reduce the total output power of the wind farm to a certain range. For example, starting from the wind turbine with the shortest power-limiting time, it is first determined to shut down the wind turbine 5 to reduce the total output power of the wind farm to about 3000KW. Thereafter, the power limit decision module 140 may further perform power limit control in the manner in which the power limit decision module 140 determines the wind turbines that need to be operated with reduced power.
以下将参照图2～图6详细描述根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制方法。The output control method of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 .
图2～图6是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制方法的流程图。2 to 6 are flowcharts illustrating a method for controlling output of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
图2是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制方法的流程图。参照图2，在步骤S210，风电场的出力控制系统的风电场运行参数采集模块110从各风机持续采集其运行参数，所述运行参数包括各主要部件的温度参数和振动参数以及风机的当前运行功率、风速和环境温度。Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling output of a wind farm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2, in step S210, the wind farm operation parameter acquisition module 110 of the output control system of the wind farm continuously collects its operation parameters from each wind turbine, and the operation parameters include the temperature parameters and vibration parameters of each main component and the current operation of the wind turbine. Power, wind speed and ambient temperature.
在步骤S220，风机运行状态评估模块120根据在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数确定各风机的运行状态，所述运行状态是可运行状态和需停机状态之一。In step S220, the wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120 determines the operating state of each wind turbine according to the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected within a period of time, and the operating state is one of an operational state and a shutdown state.
根据本发明的示例性实施例，在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各变桨系统的温度差超出所述预定的温差范围，或者所述风机各主要部件的振动超过预定的振动限值，则确定所述风机处于需停机状态。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when determining the operating state of any wind turbine, if within a predetermined time, the temperature difference of each pitch system of the wind turbine exceeds the predetermined temperature difference range, or the main components of the wind turbine If the vibration exceeds the predetermined vibration limit, it is determined that the fan is in a state to be shut down.
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述可运行状态包括正常运行状态和降功率可运行状态。在确定任一风机的运行状态时，如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度在正常范围内并且其振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块确定所述风机处于正常运行状态；如果在预定时间内，所述风机各主要部件的温度的温升超过预定的温升限值，其各变桨系统的温度差在预定的温差范围内，并且所述风机各主要部件的振动不超过预定的振动限值，则风机运行状态评估模块确定所述风机处于降功率可运行状态。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operable state includes a normal operating state and a reduced power operable state. When determining the operating state of any fan, if within a predetermined time, the temperature of each main component of the fan is within the normal range and its vibration does not exceed a predetermined vibration limit, the fan operating state evaluation module determines that the fan is in Normal operating state; if within a predetermined time, the temperature rise of the main components of the fan exceeds the predetermined temperature rise limit, the temperature difference of each pitch system is within the predetermined temperature difference range, and the main components of the fan If the vibration of the component does not exceed the predetermined vibration limit value, the wind turbine running state assessment module determines that the wind turbine is in a reduced-power operable state.
此后，在步骤S230，风机控制命令输出模块130将停机命令分别发送给风机运行状态评估模块120在步骤S220确定的处于需停机状态的风机。Thereafter, in step S230 , the wind turbine control command output module 130 sends shutdown commands to the wind turbines that are determined to be shut down by the wind turbine operating state evaluation module 120 in step S220 .
根据上述实施例的出力控制方法，本发明可通过从风电场中的各风机采集其运行参数，并进行智能分析来确定其运行状态，从而根据分析的结果对问题风机进行限功率控制。According to the output control method of the above embodiment, the present invention can determine the operating status by collecting operating parameters from each wind turbine in the wind farm and performing intelligent analysis, so as to perform power-limiting control on problematic wind turbines according to the analysis results.
图3是示出根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的风电场的出力控制方法的流程图。图3中的步骤S310和S320的操作分别与图2中的S210和S220相同，因此在此对步骤S310和S320不进行具体描述。Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for controlling output of a wind farm according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The operations of steps S310 and S320 in FIG. 3 are respectively the same as those of S210 and S220 in FIG. 2 , so steps S310 and S320 will not be described in detail here.
参照图3，在步骤S330，限功率决策模块140根据风电场运行参数采集模块110在步骤S310采集的各风机的运行参数以及风机运行状态评估模块120在步骤S320确定的各风机的运行状态，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。图4示出图3中的步骤S330的处理流程。以下将参照图4详细描述步骤S330的处理。Referring to Fig. 3, in step S330, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines according to the operating parameters of each fan collected by the wind farm operation parameter acquisition module 110 in step S310 and the operating status of each fan determined by the fan operating state evaluation module 120 in step S320. Among the fans currently in normal operation state and the fans in the reduced power operation state, the fans that need to perform output control. FIG. 4 shows the processing flow of step S330 in FIG. 3 . The processing of step S330 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 4 .
参照图4，在步骤S3310，限功率决策模块140以风电场运行参数采集模块110在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为风机运行状态评估模块确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。Referring to Fig. 4, in step S3310, the power limit decision-making module 140 uses the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected by the wind farm operation parameter acquisition module 110 within a period of time as a training sample, and uses the neural network modeling method to determine the wind turbine operating state evaluation module. The power models of the maximum operating power are established for each fan in the reduced power operable state.
根据本发明的优选实施例，限功率决策模块140为风机各主要部件计算所述主要部件的温度上限值的平均值Tp，并且将计算的各主要部件的Tp作为神经网络建模方法的输入的一部分，以风电场运行参数采集模块在一段时间内采集的各风机的运行参数作为训练样本，使用神经网络建模方法为风机运行状态评估模块确定的处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机建立其最大运行功率的功率模型。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power limit decision-making module 140 calculates the average value Tp of the temperature upper limit of the main components of the fan for each main component, and uses the calculated Tp of each main component as the input of the neural network modeling method As a part of the model, the operating parameters of each wind turbine collected by the wind farm operation parameter acquisition module within a period of time are used as training samples, and the neural network modeling method is used to establish the corresponding parameters for each wind turbine in the reduced power operation state determined by the wind turbine operating state evaluation module. Power model for maximum operating power.
在步骤S3330，限功率决策模块140计算当前处于正常运行状态的每台风机的最大输出功率以及处于降功率可运行状态的每台风机的最大运行功率的总和作为风电场最大出力总功率Pmax。对于当前处于正常状态的风机，可根据风机当前风速以及运行功率曲线计算出其最大运行功率；而根据前述神经网络建模可获得处于降功率可运行状态的各个风机的最大运行功率。In step S3330, the power limit decision-making module 140 calculates the sum of the maximum output power of each wind turbine currently in normal operation state and the maximum operating power of each wind turbine in reduced power operation state as the total maximum output power Pmax of the wind farm. For a fan currently in a normal state, its maximum operating power can be calculated according to the current wind speed and operating power curve of the fan; and the maximum operating power of each fan in a reduced-power operable state can be obtained according to the aforementioned neural network modeling.
在步骤S3350，限功率决策模块140根据风机运行状态评估模块确定的各个当前处于正常运行状态的各风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的各风机的当前运行功率、风电场最大出力总功率Pmax以及预定的风电场计划出力上限Pplan，确定当前处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中需执行出力控制的风机。图5和图6分别示出根据本发明的示例性实施例在步骤S3350的处理。以下将参照图5和图6分别解释步骤S3350的处理。In step S3350, the power limit decision-making module 140 is determined according to the current operating power of each wind turbine in the normal operation state and each wind turbine in the reduced power operation state determined by the wind turbine operation state evaluation module, the maximum total output power of the wind farmPmax and The predetermined upper limit Pplan of the planned output of the wind farm determines the wind turbines that need to perform output control among the wind turbines that are currently in normal operation and the wind turbines that are in the reduced-power operable state. 5 and 6 illustrate the processing at step S3350 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, respectively. The processing of step S3350 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 , respectively.
参照图5，在步骤S3352，限功率决策模块140确定Pmax是否大于Pplan。如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需执行出力控制的风机。Referring to FIG. 5 , in step S3352 , the power limit decision module 140 determines whether Pmax is greater than Pplan . If it is determined that Pmax >Pplan , the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more wind turbines from the wind turbines that are in the reduced-power operable state as the wind turbines that need to perform output control.
根据本发明的示例性实施例，在步骤S3354，限功率决策模块140为当前没有处于需停机状态的每台风机计算所述风机在过去预定长度的时间周期内的限电时间。在步骤S3356，限功率决策模块140将没有处于需停机状态的各风机的标识按照风机的限电时间进行升序排序。然后，在步骤S3358，按照限电时间升序的顺序，选择并确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in step S3354, the power limit decision module 140 calculates the power limit time of the wind turbine in the past predetermined length of time period for each wind turbine that is not currently in a shutdown state. In step S3356, the power limit decision-making module 140 sorts the identifiers of the wind turbines that are not in the state of needing to be stopped in ascending order according to the power limit time of the wind turbines. Then, in step S3358, one or more wind turbines are selected and determined as the wind turbines that need to be shut down according to the ascending order of power-limiting time.
另一方面，如果在步骤S3352，限功率决策模块140确定Pmax不大于Pplan，则限功率决策模块140不需选择需执行出力控制的风机，结束步骤S3350的处理。On the other hand, if in step S3352, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines that Pmax is not greater than Pplan , then the power limit decision-making module 140 does not need to select the fans to be controlled, and the process of step S3350 ends.
图6示出根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的步骤S3350的处理。参照图6，在步骤S3352，限功率决策模块140确定Pmax是否大于Pplan。如果确定Pmax＞Pplan，则在步骤S3355，限功率决策模块140计算风电场功率偏差值Pexcess＝Pmax-Pplan，并且将Pexcess与α×Pmax进行比较，其中，0＜α＜1，优选为0.3≤α≤0.6。FIG. 6 shows the processing of step S3350 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6 , in step S3352 , the power limit decision module 140 determines whether Pmax is greater than Pplan . If it is determined that Pmax >Pplan , then in step S3355, the power limit decision-making module 140 calculates the wind farm power deviation value Pexcess =Pmax -Pplan , and compares Pexcess with α×Pmax , where 0<α <1, preferably 0.3≤α≤0.6.
如果在步骤S3355，限功率决策模块140确定Pexcess≤α×Pmax，则在步骤S3357，限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机。在这种情况下，在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130将降功率命令分别发送给限功率决策模块140在步骤S3357确定的需要降功率运行的风机。可参照步骤S3354、S3356和S3358选择并确定需要停机的风机的方式确定需要降功率运行的风机。If in step S3355, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines that Pexcess ≤ α×Pmax , then in step S3357, the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more fans from the wind turbines that are in the power-reduced operational state as the need to reduce power. running fan. In this case, in step S350, the wind turbine control command output module 130 sends the power reduction command to the wind turbines determined by the power limit decision module 140 in step S3357 and need to operate with reduced power. The fan that needs to be operated at reduced power can be determined by referring to steps S3354, S3356, and S3358 to select and determine the fan that needs to be shut down.
如果在步骤S3355，限功率决策模块140确定Pexcess＞α×Pmax，则在步骤S3359，限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机。可参照步骤S3354、S3356和S3358选择并确定需要停机的风机。根据本发明的优选实施例，在步骤S3359，限功率决策模块140优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要停机的风机，并且在步骤S350，通过风机控制命令输出模块130将停机命令分别发送给确定的需要停机的风机，以使根据剩余的处于正常运行状态的风机以及处于降功率可运行状态的风机再次计算得到的Pexcess≤α×Pmax。此后，再根据步骤S3355和S3357，优先从处于其余的降功率可运行状态的风机当中确定一个或多个风机作为需要降功率运行的风机，并且在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130将降功率命令分别发送给确定的需要降功率运行的风机。If in step S3355, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines that Pexcess >α×Pmax , then in step S3359, the power limit decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more fans from the wind turbines that are in the reduced-power operable state as the ones that need to be shut down. fan. Refer to steps S3354, S3356 and S3358 to select and determine the fans that need to be shut down. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3359, the power-limiting decision-making module 140 preferentially determines one or more wind turbines from the wind turbines that are in the power-reduced operable state as the wind turbines that need to be shut down, and in step S350, through the wind turbine control command output The module 130 sends shutdown commands to the determined wind turbines that need to be shut down, so that Pexcess ≤α×Pmax calculated again based on the remaining wind turbines in normal operation state and the wind turbines in reduced power operation state. Thereafter, according to steps S3355 and S3357, one or more fans that are in the remaining power-reduced and operable states are preferentially determined as fans that need to be operated at reduced power, and in step S350, the fan control command output module 130 will reduce the power The commands are respectively sent to the determined wind turbines that need to be operated with reduced power.
返回图3，如前所述，在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130发送出力控制命令给相应的风机。例如，如果在步骤S330或步骤S3358，限功率决策模块140确定了一个或多个需要停机的风机，则在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130将停机命令分别发送给在步骤S330或步骤S3358确定的需要停机的风机。如果在图6中的步骤S3357，限功率决策模块140确定了一个或多个需要降功率运行的风机，则在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130将降功率命令分别发送给限功率决策模块140在步骤S3357确定的需要降功率运行的风机。如果在图6中的步骤S3359，限功率决策模块140确定了一个或多个需要停机的风机，则在步骤S350，风机控制命令输出模块130将停机命令分别发送给限功率决策模块140在步骤S3359确定的需要停机的风机。Returning to Fig. 3, as mentioned above, in step S350, the fan control command output module 130 sends the output control command to the corresponding fan. For example, if in step S330 or step S3358, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines one or more wind turbines that need to be shut down, then in step S350, the wind turbine control command output module 130 sends the shutdown command to the wind turbines determined in step S330 or step S3358 respectively. Fans that need to be shut down. If in step S3357 in FIG. 6 , the power limit decision-making module 140 determines one or more wind turbines that need to be operated at reduced power, then in step S350, the wind turbine control command output module 130 sends the power reduction command to the power limit decision-making module 140 respectively. The fans determined in step S3357 need to be operated at reduced power. If in step S3359 in Fig. 6, the power limit decision-making module 140 determines one or more wind turbines that need to be shut down, then in step S350, the wind turbine control command output module 130 sends the shutdown order to the power limit decision-making module 140 respectively in step S3359 Identified fans that need to be shut down.
以上通过参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的描述可以看出，根据本发明的风电场的出力控制系统和出力控制方法不仅通过对单台风机的运行状态进行评估以进行限功率控制，而且可综合风电场内各台风机的运行状态以及限电要求，对多台风机合理地进行限功率控制，包括优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机选择风机进行降功率运行控制，并且/或者优先从处于降功率可运行状态的风机选择风机进行停机控制。因此，本发明的风电场出力控制系统和方法实现对风电场风机的出力群控，优化了风电场出力控制方案，有利于风机的健康运行，提高了风电场整体的可靠性。It can be seen from the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings that the output control system and output control method of the wind farm according to the present invention not only perform power-limiting control by evaluating the operating state of a single wind turbine, but also It can integrate the operating status of each wind turbine in the wind farm and the power limit requirements, and reasonably control the power limit of multiple wind turbines, including preferentially selecting fans from the wind turbines in the state of power reduction and operation for power reduction operation control, and/or prioritizing Select the fan from the fans in the reduced power operation state for shutdown control. Therefore, the wind farm output control system and method of the present invention realize group control of wind farm fan output, optimize the wind farm output control scheme, facilitate the healthy operation of the wind farm, and improve the overall reliability of the wind farm.
尽管已参照优选实施例表示和描述了本发明，但本领域技术大员应该理解，在不脱离由权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以对这些实施例进行各种修改和变换。While the invention has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. transform.
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| CN201310098971.XACN103161670B (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | Wind farm output control system and output control method |
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