CN103138055A - Phase comparison wireless location directional antenna, system thereof, and method using phase comparison wireless location - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a phase comparison wireless location directional antenna, a system thereof, and a method using phase comparison wireless location. The phase comparison wireless location directional antenna is used for special dedicated short communication equipment. The phase comparison wireless location directional antenna comprises receiving antennas used for receiving radio wave signals sent by targets, the receiving antennas are at least three in number and are arranged on one straight line, special distances exist among equivalent phase centers of all the receiving antennas, distance difference values exist among the special distances, and at least one distance difference value is smaller than a half of the spatial wavelength of working frequency. The phase comparison wireless location directional antenna can effectively restrain part of airspace interference signals, and meets requirements of accurate location of cars running on roads.

Description

Than phase wireless location antenna and system thereof, the use method than phase wireless location

Technical field

The present invention relates to the Dedicated Short Range Communications, technical field in intelligent transportation system, more specifically, relate to a kind of for the ratio phase wireless location antenna in Dedicated Short Range Communications, (Dedicated Short Range Communication, DSRC) equipment and system thereof, the use method than phase wireless location.

Background technology

DSRC is first-selected means and the basic technology of road electronization aspect, it is by specific mobile unit (On-Board Units, OBU) with roadside equipment (Road-side Units, RSU) radio communication between realizes Che-Lu, information interaction between Che-Che, and can realize electric non-stop toll (ETC) in conjunction with computer information technology and automatic control technology, automatic vehicle identification (AVI), the haulage vehicle electronics is managed automatically, customs's intelligence is open to the custom, safe driving of vehicle is induced, the intelligent transportation such as traffic information broadcasting (ITS) subsystem.

Along with extensive use and the fast development of intelligent transportation system, DSRC equipment need to have more strong function, deals with day by day complicated traffic environment.

Travel situations due to vehicle on road is complicated and changeable, and the demand of judgement vehicle present position on the track is very urgent, and this just needs DSRC equipment in intelligent transportation system will have function to vehicle location.Antenna technology is one of key technology of location technology, is related to the positioning accuracy of navigation system.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of than phase wireless location antenna, the described reception antenna that comprises the radio wave signal that sends for receiving target than phase wireless location antenna, at least three of described reception antennas are arranged point-blank; Have specific range between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna, and exist between described specific range apart from difference, at least one is described apart from half less than the space wavelength of operating frequency of difference.

The present invention also provides a kind of described two-dimentional phase comparison positioning system that forms than phase wireless location antenna that uses, described system comprises two groups at least than phase wireless location antenna, wherein one group of phase comparison positioning antenna is for the azimuth of determining target, and one group of phase comparison positioning antenna is used for determining the angle of pitch of target.

The present invention also provides a kind of use the described method that positions than phase wireless location antenna, and described method comprises:

The radio wave signal that uses described a plurality of reception antenna receiving target to send; And

By the difference between the phase difference of the radio wave signal that receives with described a plurality of reception antennas and described at least one apart from difference, target is positioned.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by adjust specific range between each reception antenna displaced phase center of ratio phase wireless location antenna in DSRC equipment apart from difference, can avoid phase ambiguity, improve positioning accuracy.

On the other hand, its specific range is set greater than half of the space wavelength of operating frequency, can make and have higher isolation between each reception antenna, avoid or reduced mutual coupling, provide sufficient space make reception antenna can choose more antenna form (such as, high-gain aerial), thereby effectively suppress part spatial domain interference signal, satisfy the vehicle that travels on the track is realized pinpoint demand.

Description of drawings

By the detailed description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, purpose of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the ratio phase wireless location antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below, by being described in detail with reference to the attached drawings embodiments of the invention, its example represents in the accompanying drawings, wherein, identical label represents identical parts all the time.

as shown in Figure 1, the ratio phase wireless location antenna applications of the embodiment of the present invention comprises thearrangement reception antenna 110 that is used for receiving the radio wave signal that the target that needs the location sends point-blank in one dimension phase comparison positioning system,reception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130, andreception antenna 110, specific range betweenreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130 threes' displaced phase center is all greater than half of the space wavelength λ of operating frequency, described operating frequency is the frequency that needs the radio wave signal that the target of location sends, described specific range is the actual range that arranges in concrete scheme.Be presented as in the present embodiment: the distance between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 110 andreception antenna 120, be decided to be D, distance between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130 is D+ Δ d, distance between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 110 andreception antenna 130 is 2D+ Δ d, and the azimuth of the radio wave signal that the target that need locate is sent is θ.

Can calculate the phase place of the radio wave signal thatreception antenna 110 receives and the phase difference of the radio wave signal thatreception antenna 120 is received by following equation (1):

Δp12＝D×cosθ×360°/λ (1)

In addition, can calculate the phase place of the radio wave signal thatreception antenna 120 receives and the phase difference of the radio wave signal thatreception antenna 130 is received by following equation (2):

Δp23＝(D+Δd)×cosθ×360°/λ (2)

This shows, Δ p23=Δ p12+ Δ d * cos θ * 360 °/λ, wherein, Δ d * cos θ * 360 °/λ is the difference between the phase difference of the phase difference of reception antenna 110,120 radio wave signal and reception antenna 120,130 radio wave signal.

There is a virtual reception antenna 140 in hypothesis betweenreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130, this virtual reception antenna 140 betweenreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130, and and the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 120 between distance be D.Therefore, can calculate by following equation (3) phase difference of the phase place of the phase place of the radio wave signal that virtual reception antenna 140 receives and the radio wave signal thatreception antenna 130 receives:

Δpx＝Δd×cosθ×360°/λ (3)

Wherein, Δ px can obtain by the phase place that compares reception antenna 110,120 and 130 radio wave signals that receive, and Δ d and λ are known quantities, thereby can obtain the azimuth angle theta of target.Therefore, problem just converts to by virtual reception antenna 140 andreception antenna 130 and detects the target that needs the location.The phase ambiguity phenomenon need the target of location identical with detecting with two reception antennas in prior art, if will appear in the distance, delta d between the displaced phase center of virtual reception antenna 140 andreception antenna 130 〉=λ/2.Therefore, as long as satisfy distance, delta d between the displaced phase center of virtual reception antenna 140 andreception antenna 130＜λ/2, just can avoid the phase ambiguity phenomenon, the azimuth angle theta of the radio wave signal that the target that accurately judging needs the location is sent.

In sum, can not be restricted to half less than the space wavelength of operating frequency according to the distance between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna of the ratio phase wireless location antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, but the condition that needs to satisfy is Δ d＜λ/2, namely, distance apart from half less than the space wavelength of operating frequency of difference, to avoid occurring the phase ambiguity phenomenon between the displaced phase center of the distance between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130 andreception antenna 110 andreception antenna 120.

when the target of need location is sent radio wave signal, byreception antenna 110,reception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130 receive described radio wave signal, wherein, there is phase difference between the phase place of this radio wave signal that the phase place of this radio wave signal thatreception antenna 110 receives andreception antenna 120 receive, there is phase difference between the phase place of this radio wave signal that the phase place of this radio wave signal thatreception antenna 120 receives andreception antenna 130 receive, difference between useful phase difference and the direction finding method of bit comparison mutually that known Δ d commonly uses by this area obtain the orientation of this target.

More particularly, operating frequency in above-described embodiment can be 5.8GHz, corresponding space wavelength is 51.72mm,reception antenna 110,reception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130 all adopt identical gain greater than the Circular polarization horn antenna of 12dBi, distance B between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 110 andreception antenna 120 is 160mm, distance B between the displaced phase center ofreception antenna 120 andreception antenna 130+Δ d is 180mm, and wherein, Δ d is 20mm.Can find out, the distance between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna is all at three more than space wavelength, thereby the isolation between reception antenna very high (greater than 40dB); In addition, owing to having adopted the higher horn antenna of gain as reception antenna, so the directivity of reception antenna is stronger, the interference signal beyond antenna positive direction ± 30 ° there is good inhibition.In this embodiment, compare than phase wireless location antenna with of the prior art than phase wireless location antenna, positioning accuracy is doubled.

Should be appreciated that, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment.That is to say, can be at least three according to the quantity of the reception antenna than phase wireless location antenna of the present invention, and the distance between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna can be arbitrary value.Each of distance between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna apart from difference in, the condition that need to satisfy be: exist half at least one less than the space wavelength of operating frequency apart from difference.When the target to need location positions, can be by with the difference between the phase difference of the radio wave signal of a plurality of reception antennas receptions and less than half target is positioned apart from difference of the space wavelength of operating frequency.In addition, reception antenna can adopt any suitable antennas such as horn antenna, helical antenna, element antenna, plane P CB antenna, can also be by at least a aerial array that forms in above-mentioned antenna, the polarization mode of reception antenna can be any suitable polarization modes such as linear polarization, circular polarization and/or elliptical polarization, and can be the Variable Polarization Antenna of at least two kinds that comprises in above-mentioned polarization mode.

Can also be applied in multidimensional phase comparison positioning system than phase wireless location antenna according to of the present invention.In in two-dimentional phase comparison positioning system, can consist of two-dimentional phase comparison positioning system with two groups of one dimension phase comparison positioning antennas, wherein a cover phase comparison positioning antenna is used for determining the azimuth of target, the another set of angle of pitch for determining target, and the dimensional orientation of determining target by azimuth and the angle of pitch of target.In addition, be not limited to the equipment for DSRC according to of the present invention than phase wireless location antenna, also can be applicable to other any suitable equipment, such as radar etc.

Although illustrated and described the present invention with reference to specific embodiment, but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that in the situation that do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that scope limits by claim and equivalent thereof and can make various changes on form and details.

Claims (8)

1. one kind than phase wireless location antenna, and the described reception antenna that comprises the radio wave signal that sends for receiving target than phase wireless location antenna is characterized in that,

At least three of described reception antennas are arranged point-blank; Have specific range between the displaced phase center of each reception antenna, and exist apart from difference between each described specific range, at least one is described apart from half less than space wavelength corresponding to operating frequency of difference.

2. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that than phase wireless location antenna, between the displaced phase center of described each reception antenna, at least one specific range is greater than half of space wavelength corresponding to operating frequency.

3. as claimed in claim 2ly it is characterized in that than phase wireless location antenna, between the displaced phase center of described each reception antenna, specific range is all greater than half of the space wavelength of operating frequency.

4. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that than phase wireless location antenna, described reception antenna is a kind of in horn antenna, helical antenna, element antenna or plane P CB antenna; Or by at least two kinds of aerial arrays that form in horn antenna, helical antenna, element antenna and plane PCB antenna.

5. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that than phase wireless location antenna, the polarization mode of described reception antenna be linear polarization, circular polarization or elliptically polarized one or more.

6. a right to use requires 1 to 5 arbitrary described two-dimentional phase comparison positioning system that forms than phase wireless location antenna, it is characterized in that, at least comprise two groups than phase wireless location antenna, wherein one group of phase comparison positioning antenna is for the azimuth of determining target, and one group of phase comparison positioning antenna is used for determining the angle of pitch of target.

7. a right to use requires 1 to 5 arbitrary described method that positions than phase wireless location antenna, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:

The radio wave signal that uses described a plurality of reception antenna receiving target to send; And

By the difference between the phase difference of the radio wave signal that receives with described a plurality of reception antennas and described at least one apart from difference, target is positioned.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described target is positioned by phase bit comparison direction finding method realized.

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