Embodiment
The below describes embodiments of the invention in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explanation the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
in description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " vertically ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", orientation or the position relationship of indications such as " counterclockwise " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only are used for describing purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more, unless clear and definite concrete restriction is separately arranged.
In the present invention, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are separately arranged, broad understanding should be done in the terms such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing ", for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and can be also to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, can be also to be electrically connected to; Can be directly to be connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are separately arranged, First Characteristic Second Characteristic it " on " or D score can comprise that the first and second features directly contact, can comprise that also the first and second features are not directly contacts but by the other feature contact between them.And, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " comprise First Characteristic directly over Second Characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that the First Characteristic level height is higher than Second Characteristic.First Characteristic Second Characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " comprise First Characteristic under Second Characteristic and tiltedly, or only represent that the First Characteristic level height is less than Second Characteristic.
Present the most frequently used battery cell charging method, i.e. constant current turns the charging method of constant voltage.Fig. 1 is the cell voltage electric current profile of the method.Wherein, 1. curve represents the battery current curve, and 2. curve represents the cell voltage curve.Particularly, at first reach charge cutoff voltage U with constant current charge to cell voltageCut-off, charging current is according to the recommendation of battery producer, then with UCut-offConstant voltage charge to electric current reaches charging cut-off current ICut-offWherein, when battery cell is charged, UCut-offBe the monomer charge cutoff voltage of man of Battery Plant regulation, and charging cut-off current ICut-offBe the monomer charging cut-off current of man of Battery Plant regulation, iCut-offAnd to batteries charging the time, for nsBatteries series connection npThe battery pack that batteries is formed in parallel, the charge cutoff voltage U of its battery packCut-offCharge cutoff voltage V with battery cellCut-offThe pass is: UCut-off=VCut-off* nsThe charging cut-off current I of its battery packCut-offCharging cut-off current i with battery cellCut-offThe pass is: ICut-off=iCut-off* npTo the charging of cell, the charging method that constant current turns constant voltage is to guarantee very fast charging rate, can guarantee that also cell voltage is no more than the battery charge cutoff voltage, thereby guarantees battery security.But for battery pack, constant current turns the charging method of constant voltage, not necessarily can guarantee the fail safe of battery.
Above-mentioned charging method mainly is adapted under normal condition the cell charging, but easily occurs the problems mentioned in this paper background technology under the battery pack condition.Therefore, needing to propose novel charging method charges to battery pack.
Be as shown in Figure 2 batteries charging take two batteries series connection as example, when turning the constant voltage charging method charging with constant current, the electric current of battery cell and voltage profile.Wherein for some batteries elder generations and be unified into module, then be connected into the configuration of battery pack, some batteries monomers in parallel also can be considered as a battery cell by integral body.Easily know, if two batteries are identical, two batteries monomers all are charged to charge cutoff voltage simultaneously in constant-current phase, then also be stabilized in charge cutoff voltage simultaneously until electric current is down to the charging cut-off current at constant-voltage phase two batteries monomer voltages, whole charging process finishes.But owing to inevitably there being inconsistency between battery, cause two batteries not charged to simultaneously charge cutoff voltage.As shown in Figure 2,2. 1. curve represent respectively the battery cell voltage curve of battery pack with curve, and 3. curve represents the current curve of battery cell.Wherein the voltage curve of the battery cell that 1. represents of curve is charged to voltage higher than its charge cutoff voltage in the constant current charge stage, in constant-voltage phase, although the total voltage of battery pack remain unchanged, yet this battery cell voltage continues to rise toward the contact meeting; And reaching the whole battery pack of charge cutoff voltage in the constant current charge stage voltage, the voltage curve of the battery cell that 2. curve represents namely do not change the constant voltage charge stage over to, in the constant voltage charge stage, because assembled battery total voltage is constant, therefore this battery cell voltage also can reduce, and this is that the charging current reduction causes too rapidly.
In order to guarantee that battery cell voltage is no more than charge cutoff voltage, can in constant current charge, reach charge cutoff voltage V to any battery cell voltageCut-offThe time, namely according to this moment assembled battery total voltage constant voltage charge to electric current less than the charging cut-off current, the charging current of whole charging process and voltage profile are as shown in Figure 3,2. 1. curve represent respectively the battery cell voltage curve of battery pack with curve, 3. curve represents the current curve of battery cell.Wherein the voltage curve of the battery cell that 1. represents of curve is recharged charge cutoff voltage in the constant current charge stage, and the voltage curve of the battery cell that 2. curve represents does not reach the whole battery pack of charge cutoff voltage in the constant current charge stage voltage and namely changes the constant voltage charge stage over to, and the electric current of the battery cell that 3. represents according to this moment assembled battery total voltage constant voltage charge to curve is less than the charging cut-off current.Although such charging method can be avoided surpassing charge cutoff voltage at constant-current phase battery cell voltage, but in follow-up constant-voltage phase, the voltage of the battery cell that 1. curve represents still can surpass charge cutoff voltage, thereby can cause the fail safe of battery and the problem of durability.
In order to guarantee that battery cell voltage can not surpass charge cutoff voltage, a kind of comparatively simple strategy is the charging method by two sections constant currents, as shown in Figure 4.In the constant current charge I stage, the first constant current constant current charge shown in 3. with curve makes the voltage of the battery cell that 1. curve represent reach charge cutoff voltage.In the constant current charge II stage, the voltage of the battery cell that 2. charging cut-off current constant current charge to the curve shown in 3. represents with curve reaches charge cutoff voltage.Such charging method can guarantee that the battery cell of battery pack can not overcharged in charging process.But because the charging cut-off current is often less, cause for battery pack is full of the charging interval of needs often very long.Therefore, can adopt the charging method of Multi-section constant current, as shown in Figure 5, the described charging flow of the charging flow in Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 is identical, give unnecessary details no longer one by one at this, but charging flow as shown in Figure 5 can't reach the shortest charging interval.
In sum, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of method based on monomer voltage feedback modifiers charging current, and on the basis that guarantees fail safe, the fastest charges to battery pack.
Method for charging battery pack according to an embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
S1: battery pack is carried out constant current charge.
The voltage of the every batteries monomer of Real-Time Monitoring or battery module, with predetermined charging current, battery pack is carried out constant current charge, until till the voltage of arbitrary battery cell or battery module reaches the charge cutoff voltage of its battery cell or battery module, switch execution in step S2.
S2: battery pack is carried out the charging of monomer voltage closed loop feedback.
Be the voltage of the every batteries monomer of Real-Time Monitoring or battery module, relatively draw the voltage of the highest battery cell or battery module; According to the voltage of the highest battery cell or module, the real-time feedback control charging current, so that the highest battery cell in battery pack or the voltage of module maintain charge cutoff voltage, when charging current was down to the charging cut-off current, charging finished.
Electric current in whole charging process and each battery cell voltage are as shown in Figure 6, in order to guarantee namely that in batteries charging battery cell voltage is no more than charge cutoff voltage, guarantee that again the charging interval is as far as possible short, should be divided into the charging of two stages, monitor simultaneously the voltage of battery cell in the time of charging.The phase I constant current charge reaches charge cutoff voltage according to the voltage of the given battery cell that 1. predetermined charging current constant current charge to the curve as shown in 3. represents as curve of producer.
Second stage is according to the highest battery cell voltage in battery pack, the voltage that is the battery cell that 1. represents of curve carries out the charging of monomer voltage closed loop feedback, the real-time feedback control charging current, so that the highest battery cell voltage in battery pack, the voltage constant that is the battery cell that 1. represents of curve is charge cutoff voltage, when the charging current as shown in 3. was down to the charging cut-off current as curve, whole charging process finished.
Fig. 6 has described the method for charging battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention take the batteries charging that two batteries are composed in series as example, in real process, if battery pack directly is in series by some batteries monomers, directly monitor the terminal voltage of each batteries monomer, first constant current charge, when reaching charge cutoff voltage, the voltage of any batteries monomer switches to the charging of voltage close loop feedback, according to the highest battery cell voltage real-time feedback control electric current in battery pack so that in battery pack, the highest battery cell voltage constant is that charge cutoff voltage is until electric current is down to the charging cut-off current.If battery pack is by some batteries monomer elder generations and is unified into module, several modules battery pack that is in series again, can monitor the voltage of each battery module that is formed in parallel, first constant current charge, switch to voltage close loop feedback charging when the voltage of any one battery module reaches charge cutoff voltage, according in battery pack the voltage real-time feedback control electric current of high battery module so that in battery pack, the highest battery module voltage constant is that charge cutoff voltage is until electric current is down to the charging cut-off current.If battery pack is first to be connected by some batteries monomers to be together in parallel again, still can monitor the voltage of each batteries monomer, the monomer series-connected situation of similar some batteries, first constant current charge during batteries charging, switch to voltage close loop feedback charging when the voltage of any one battery cell reaches charge cutoff voltage, according in battery pack the voltage real-time feedback control electric current of high battery module so that in battery pack the voltage constant of high battery cell be that charge cutoff voltage is until electric current is down to the charging cut-off current.
Charging method according to the battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize the method for voltage close loop feedback to control in real time electric current, guarantee that in each charging current constantly of voltage close loop feedback charging stage be the maximum charging current that the current time battery pack allows, thereby effectively shortened the charging interval.
Describe and to be understood in flow chart or in this any process of otherwise describing or method, expression comprises module, fragment or the part of code of the executable instruction of the step that one or more is used to realize specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises other realization, wherein can be not according to order shown or that discuss, comprise according to related function by the mode of basic while or by opposite order, carry out function, this should be understood by the embodiments of the invention person of ordinary skill in the field.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the characteristics of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or characteristics can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although the above has illustrated and has described embodiments of the invention, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art is not in the situation that break away from principle of the present invention and aim can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, modification, replacement and modification.