CN103108389A - Communication method and communication system from device to device and user devices - Google Patents
Communication method and communication system from device to device and user devicesDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a device-to-device communication method and system, and a user equipment.
Background
Cellular communication systems have developed wireless communication technology in a vigorous fashion due to the reuse of limited spectrum resources. In a cellular system, when there is a service to be transmitted between two User equipments (User equipments, abbreviated as UEs), service data from a User Equipment 1(UE1) to a User Equipment 2(UE2) is first transmitted to abase station 1 over an air interface, thebase station 1 transmits the User data to abase station 2 over a core network, and thebase station 2 transmits the service data to a UE2 over the air interface. The traffic data from UE2 to UE1 is transmitted by a similar process flow. As shown in fig. 1, when UE1 and UE2 are located in the same cell, althoughbase station 1 andbase station 2 are the same site, one data transmission still consumes two radio spectrum resources.
It follows that the above-described cellular communication method is clearly not an optimal communication means if theuser equipment 1 and theuser equipment 2 are located in the same cell and are relatively close together. In fact, as mobile communication services are diversified, for example, social networks, electronic payments, and the like are applied to wireless communication systems more and more widely, so that the service transmission demand between close-range users is increased. Therefore, a Device-to-Device (D2D) communication mode is receiving increasing attention. As shown in fig. 2, D2D means that the service data is not forwarded through the base station, but is directly transmitted to the target user equipment through an air interface by the source user equipment. This communication mode is different from that of the conventional cellular system. For users of short-range communication, D2D not only saves wireless spectrum resources, but also reduces data transmission pressure of the core network.
For D2D communication, traffic data is transmitted directly between UEs, so the conventional cellular communication method cannot be followed. However, a key issue for implementing D2D communication is how to make an efficient decision between D2D communication and cellular communication, which is also a prerequisite for full utilization of spectrum resources.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device-to-device communication method and system and user equipment, which at least solve the technical problem that in the prior art, in the D2D communication process, service data cannot be directly transmitted between UE in the traditional cellular communication mode.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device-to-device communication method, including: the first user equipment detects a second reference signal sent by the second user equipment; the first user equipment sends a synchronization parameter according to the detection result; and the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when the second user equipment performs device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the step of sending, by the first user equipment, the synchronization parameter according to the detection result includes: the first user equipment judges whether to be synchronous with the second user equipment according to the detection result; if the synchronization is successful, the first user equipment generates a synchronization parameter and sends the synchronization parameter; or the first user equipment generates a synchronization parameter according to the detection result and sends the synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the synchronization parameters include at least one of: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; and the timing advance parameter is used for indicating the time adjustment amount when the second user equipment transmits the D2D data.
Preferably, before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes: the first user equipment sends a first reference signal, the first reference signal is used for the second user equipment to judge whether to be synchronous with the first user equipment, and the timing advance parameter is a difference value between the timing when the first user equipment sends the first reference signal and the timing when the first user equipment detects the second reference signal.
Preferably, before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes: and the first user equipment detects downlink transmission of the network node to obtain downlink receiving timing, wherein the timing advance parameter is a difference value between the downlink receiving timing and the timing obtained by the first user equipment detecting the second reference signal.
Preferably, the step of determining, by the second user equipment, the data transmission timing when performing the device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter includes: the second user equipment takes the timing when the second reference signal is transmitted as the data transmission timing when the D2D communication is performed; or the second user equipment acquires a time adjustment amount according to the timing advance parameter in the synchronization parameters, and determines the data transmission timing in the D2D communication according to the time adjustment amount, wherein the time adjustment amount represents the adjustment amount of the data transmission timing in the D2D communication between the second user equipment and the first user equipment relative to the timing in the transmission of the second reference signal.
Preferably, after the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when performing the device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, the device-to-device communication method further includes: the second user equipment transmits the D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing.
Preferably, after the second user equipment transmits the D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing, the device-to-device communication method further includes: the first user equipment receives the D2D data transmitted by the second user equipment at the timing when the second reference signal is detected; or the first user equipment determines the receiving timing according to the time adjustment amount in the synchronization parameter and receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment.
Preferably, the step of the first user equipment sending the synchronization parameter includes: the first user equipment sends the synchronization parameter to the network node, and the network node sends part or all of the information of the synchronization parameter to the second user equipment; or the first user equipment directly sends the synchronization parameters to the second user equipment.
Preferably, before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes at least one of the following steps: the second user equipment sends a second reference signal at the timing when the second user equipment transmits the uplink wireless frame during the cellular communication; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing of receiving the downlink wireless frame of the network node; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the network node transmits the downlink wireless frame; or the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal at the timing of detecting the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment, wherein the first reference signal is transmitted by the first user equipment before the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment is detected.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a user equipment comprising: a first detection unit, configured to detect a second reference signal sent by another user equipment; a first sending unit, configured to send a first synchronization parameter according to the detection result; a first receiving unit, configured to receive D2D data transmitted by another user equipment according to a first data transmission timing, where the first data transmission timing is a data transmission timing when the another user equipment performs D2D communication with the user equipment, which is determined according to the first synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the user equipment further includes: a second receiving unit, configured to receive a second synchronization parameter sent by another user equipment; a determining unit for determining a second data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with another user equipment, according to the second synchronization parameter. A second transmitting unit, configured to transmit the D2D data to another user equipment according to the second data transmission timing.
Preferably, the first transmission unit includes: the judging module is used for judging whether to synchronize with another user equipment according to the detection result; the first generation module is used for generating the first synchronization parameter according to the detection result when the synchronization is judged to be successful; and the first sending module is used for sending the first synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the first synchronization parameter comprises at least one of: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter for indicating an amount of time adjustment when another user equipment transmits the D2D data.
Preferably, the first transmission unit includes: the second generation module is used for generating the first synchronization parameter according to the detection result; and the second sending module is used for sending the first synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the second synchronization parameter comprises at least one of: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter representing an amount of time adjustment when transmitting the D2D data to the other user equipment.
Preferably, the third sending unit is configured to send the first reference signal before the ue detects the second reference signal sent by another ue, where the first reference signal is used by the another ue to determine whether to synchronize with the ue, and the timing advance parameter is a difference between a timing when the ue sends the first reference signal and a timing obtained when the ue detects the second reference signal.
Preferably, the user equipment further includes: a second detecting unit, configured to detect downlink transmission of the network node to obtain downlink reception timing; the timing advance parameter is a difference between downlink receiving timing and timing obtained by the user equipment detecting the second reference signal.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided another user equipment, including: a first transmitting unit, configured to transmit a second reference signal to another user equipment; a first receiving unit, configured to receive a first synchronization parameter sent by another ue, where the first synchronization parameter is sent by the another ue according to a result generated by detecting the reference signal; a determining unit for determining a data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with another user equipment, based on the first synchronization parameter.
Preferably, the user equipment further includes: a second transmitting unit for transmitting the D2D data to another user equipment according to the data transmission timing.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a device-to-device communication system comprising a user equipment and a network node as described above.
In the invention, the first user equipment detects the reference signal sent by the second user equipment and generates the synchronization parameter according to the reference signal, and the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when the second user equipment performs D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, thereby solving the technical problem that the service data can not be directly transmitted between the UE in the traditional cellular communication mode in the D2D communication process in the prior art, and further realizing the technical effect of realizing D2D communication in a cellular system under the condition that the complexity of the user equipment is not obviously increased.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of cellular communication when UEs are located in the same base station cell according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preferred D2D communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of another preferred structure of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of still another preferred structure of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of still another preferred structure of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of still another preferred structure of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a preferred flow chart of a device-to-device communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a radio frame structure of an LTE/LTE-A system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a physical resource structure of an LTE/LTE-A system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a preferred method for determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of another preferred method of determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another preferred method for determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another preferred method for determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another preferred method for determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating another preferred method for determining radio frame timing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that, in each preferred embodiment of the present invention, the network Node includes a base station, a Node B (Node B), an evolved Node B (eNB), a Relay Node (Relay Node, Relay for short) having a radio resource management function, an access Node in a Local Area Network (LAN), a more powerful user equipment (for example, a user equipment having a Relay function, that is, the user equipment may Relay data of other user equipment in a network), a device channel equipment communication server, and the like; the upper user equipment includes, but is not limited to, an LTE/LTE-A UE, a Media Server (Media Server), and the like.
Example 1
The present invention provides a preferred device-to-device communication system 300, as shown in fig. 3, comprising: a first user equipment 302, a second user equipment 304 and a network node 306.
Wherein the second user equipment 304 comprises: a second transmitting unit 3042, configured to transmit a second reference signal to the first user equipment 302; the first user equipment 302 includes: a first detectingunit 3022 configured to detect the second reference signal transmitted by the second transmitting unit 3042; afirst sending unit 3024, configured to send a first synchronization parameter according to the detection result.
The second user equipment 304 further comprises: a first receiving unit 3044, configured to receive the first synchronization parameter sent by thefirst sending unit 3024; a determiningunit 3046, configured to determine, according to the first synchronization parameter, a data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment.
In the above preferred embodiment, the first user equipment detects the reference signal sent by the second user equipment and generates the synchronization parameter according to the reference signal, and the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when performing D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, thereby solving the technical problem that in the prior art, in the D2D communication process, service data cannot be directly transmitted between UEs along with the conventional cellular communication method, and further achieving the technical effect of implementing D2D communication in the cellular system without significantly increasing the complexity of the user equipment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention said synchronization parameters include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter indicating a time adjustment amount when the second user equipment transmits the D2D data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the first user equipment 302 further includes: a second detecting unit 402, configured to detect downlink transmission of the network node 306 to obtain downlink receiving timing; wherein the timing advance parameter is a difference between the downlink receiving timing and a timing obtained by the first user equipment 302 detecting the second reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, thefirst transmitting unit 3024 includes: a determining module 502, configured to determine whether to synchronize with the first user equipment according to a detection result; a generating module 504, configured to generate the first synchronization parameter when it is determined that synchronization is successful; a sending module 506, configured to send the first synchronization parameter. Preferably, the first user equipment may not include the determining module 502, and the first user equipment directly generates the first synchronization parameter according to the detection result through the generating module 504, and sends the generated first synchronization parameter through the sending module 506.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the first user equipment 302 further includes: athird sending unit 602, configured to send a first reference signal before the first user equipment 302 detects a second reference signal sent by the second user equipment 304, where the first reference signal is used by the second user equipment 304 to determine whether to synchronize with the first user equipment 302, and the timing advance parameter is a difference between a timing when the first user equipment 302 sends the first reference signal and a timing obtained when the first user equipment 302 detects the second reference signal; the second user equipment 304 further comprises: a determiningunit 604, configured to determine whether to synchronize with the first user equipment 302 according to the first reference signal sent by the first user equipment 302.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the determining, by the second user equipment, the data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter includes: the timing when the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal is used as the data transmission timing when the D2D communication is performed; or, the second user equipment acquires a time adjustment according to a timing advance parameter in the synchronization parameters, and determines the data transmission timing in D2D communication according to the time adjustment, where the time adjustment represents an adjustment of the data transmission timing in D2D communication with the first user equipment relative to the timing when the second reference signal is transmitted.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the second user equipment 304 further includes: a fourth sending unit 702, configured to send D2D data to the first user equipment 302 according to the determined data transmission timing; the first user equipment further comprises: a second receiving unit 704, configured to receive the D2D data sent by the fourth sending unit 702 according to the determined data transmission timing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second receiving unit 704, configured to receive the D2D data transmitted by the fourth transmitting unit 702 according to the data transmission timing, may be implemented by one of the following manners: 1) the second receiving unit 704 receives the D2D data transmitted by the fourth transmitting unit 702 at the timing of detecting the second reference signal; 2) the second receiving unit 704 determines a receiving timing according to the time adjustment amount in the synchronization parameter and receives the D2D data transmitted from the fourth transmitting unit 702, and preferably receives the D2D data transmitted from the fourth transmitting unit 702 according to the determined receiving timing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sending module 506 may send the synchronization parameter by one of the following manners, 1) the sending module 506 sends the synchronization parameter to a network node, and the network node sends part or all of the information of the synchronization parameter to the second user equipment; 2) the sending module 506 sends the synchronization parameter directly to the second user equipment; 3) and triggering the subsequent steps of the device-to-device communication when the network node judges that the synchronization is successful based on the synchronization parameters.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the first user equipment detects the first reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, at least one of the following steps is further included: the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the second user equipment transmits an uplink radio frame during cellular communication; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at a timing when receiving a downlink radio frame of a network node; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the network node transmits the downlink radio frame; or the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal at a timing of detecting the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment, wherein the first reference signal is transmitted by the first user equipment before detecting the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment.
It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, the first user equipment may complete the function of the second user equipment, and the second user equipment may also complete the function of the first user equipment.
Example 2
Based on the device-to-device communication system shown in fig. 3-7, the present invention further provides a preferred device-to-device communication method, as shown in fig. 8, the specific steps include:
s802: the first user equipment detects a second reference signal sent by the second user equipment;
s804: the first user equipment sends a synchronization parameter according to the detection result;
s806: the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when the second user equipment performs the device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, and preferably, the second user equipment also can determine the data transmission timing when the second user equipment performs the device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the indication of the network node.
In the above preferred embodiment, the first user equipment detects the reference signal sent by the second user equipment and generates the synchronization parameter according to the reference signal, and the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when performing D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, thereby solving the technical problem that in the prior art, in the D2D communication process, service data cannot be directly transmitted between UEs along with the conventional cellular communication method, and further achieving the technical effect of implementing D2D communication in the cellular system without significantly increasing the complexity of the user equipment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sending, by the first user equipment, the synchronization parameter according to the detection result may be implemented by one of the following manners: 1) the first user equipment judges whether to synchronize with the second user equipment according to the detection result, and if the synchronization is successful, the first user equipment generates the synchronization parameter and sends the synchronization parameter; 2) and the first user equipment directly generates the synchronization parameter according to the detection result and sends the synchronization parameter.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention said synchronization parameters include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter indicating a time adjustment amount when the second user equipment transmits the D2D data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes: the first user equipment sends a first reference signal, the first reference signal is used for the second user equipment to judge whether to be synchronous with the first user equipment, and the timing advance parameter is a difference value between a timing when the first user equipment sends the first reference signal and a timing obtained when the first user equipment detects the second reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes: and the first user equipment detects downlink transmission of the network node to obtain downlink receiving timing, wherein the timing advance parameter is a difference value between the downlink receiving timing and timing obtained by the first user equipment detecting the second reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of the second user equipment determining the data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter includes: the timing when the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal is used as the data transmission timing when the D2D communication is performed; or, the second user equipment acquires a time adjustment according to a timing advance parameter in the synchronization parameters, and determines the data transmission timing in D2D communication according to the time adjustment, where the time adjustment represents an adjustment of the data transmission timing in D2D communication with the first user equipment relative to the timing in transmitting the second reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the second user equipment determines, according to the synchronization parameter, a data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes: and the second user equipment sends the D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the second user equipment sends D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing, the device-to-device communication method further includes: the first user equipment receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment at the timing of detecting the second reference signal; or the first user equipment determines a receiving timing according to the time adjustment amount in the synchronization parameter and receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment, and preferably, receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment according to the determined receiving timing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first user equipment may send the synchronization parameter by one of 1) the first user equipment sends the synchronization parameter to a network node, and the network node sends part or all of the information of the synchronization parameter to the second user equipment; 2) the first user equipment directly sends the synchronization parameters to the second user equipment; 3) and triggering the subsequent steps of the device-to-device communication when the network node judges that the synchronization is successful based on the synchronization parameters.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the first user equipment detects the first reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the device-to-device communication method further includes at least one of the following steps: the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the second user equipment transmits an uplink radio frame during cellular communication; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at a timing when receiving a downlink radio frame of a network node; or the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the network node transmits the downlink radio frame; or the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal at a timing of detecting the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment, wherein the first reference signal is transmitted by the first user equipment before detecting the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment.
Example 3
The present invention is further explained by providing a preferred embodiment, but it should be noted that the preferred embodiment is only for better describing the present invention and should not be construed as unduly limiting the present invention.
In each preferred embodiment of the present invention, the description is made in the context of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-a (LTE-Advanced) system, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The downlink of the LTE/LTE-a system is based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, and the uplink uses SC-FDMA (single-Frequency Division multiple Access) multiple Access. In an OFDM/SC-FDMA system, the communication resources are in the form of two dimensions, time-frequency. For example, for the LTE/LTE-a system, as shown in fig. 9, the communication resources of both uplink and downlink are divided in time direction by the unit of frame (frame), each radio frame (radio frame) is 10ms in length, each frame includes 10 subframes (sub-frames) with length of l ms, and each subframe includes two slots (slots) with length of 0.5 ms.
In the frequency direction, uplink and downlink communication resources are divided in units of subcarriers (subcarriers), and specifically, in communication, the minimum unit of frequency domain Resource allocation is a Resource Block (RB), which is one Physical RB (PRB) corresponding to a Physical Resource. As shown in fig. 10, one PRB includes 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the 12 subcarriers correspond to one slot in the time domain. The Resource corresponding to one subcarrier on each OFDM symbol is called a Resource Element (RE).
The LTE/LTE-a system requires synchronization between the user equipment and the network node before data transmission. The synchronization includes: synchronization in time and synchronization in frequency. The synchronization on the frequency is used for obtaining a central frequency point, namely, the subcarriers at the receiving end and the transmitting end are aligned; the time-generated synchronization is used to obtain the subframe boundary, i.e. the transceiver ends perform subframe alignment. In some cases, the receiving end needs to calculate a Timing Advance (TA) of the transmitting end to determine the transmitting time of the transmitting end when performing time synchronization, for example, when the receiving end receives signals sent by multiple transmitting ends simultaneously, the receiving end determines the TAs of the multiple transmitting ends to ensure that the signals transmitted by the transmitting ends arrive at the receiving end synchronously.
The above method is explained below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
According to a preferred embodiment, the device-to-device communication method comprises the steps of:
s1: the network node configures first user equipment to send a first reference signal;
s2: the first user equipment sends a first reference signal;
s3: the second user equipment detects the first reference signal and sends a first synchronization parameter;
s4: the network node configures second user equipment to send a second reference signal;
s5: the second user equipment sends a second reference signal;
s6: the first user equipment detects the second reference signal and sends a second synchronization parameter.
Wherein the first and second reference signals are used for synchronization and/or channel state measurement between user equipments.
It should be noted that the above steps may be preferably performed in two stages, wherein steps S1, S2, S3 are one stage, and steps S4, S5, S6 are another stage. These two phases may be performed in the order of steps described above; or the steps of the two stages can be executed in parallel or alternatively; or only one of the two stages of steps is performed, for example only steps S1, S2, S3. The following description may be so combined and is not specifically stated.
Preferably, the synchronization includes, but is not limited to: time synchronization, wherein time synchronization refers to determining the transmission and/or reception timing of a device-to-device communication radio frame, i.e., determining the radio frame boundary of device-to-device communication at the transmission end and/or the reception end.
In a preferred embodiment, when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, the first user equipment uses the transmission timing of its own uplink in the cellular system (i.e., the timing used when transmitting the uplink radio frame) as a reference, as shown in fig. 11, wherein the horizontal axis represents the time direction, the eNB DL Tx represents the transmission timing of the network node in the downlink, tp represents the propagation delay (propagation time of the signal from the network node to the first user equipment), UE1 DLRx represents the timing of the network node transmission received by the first user equipment, UE1 UL Tx denotes a transmission timing of the first user equipment in uplink in the cellular system, UE1Tx denotes a timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal, that is, the first user equipment uses its own transmission timing of the uplink in the cellular system as a time base for transmitting the first reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment, when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, with reference to the timing of a downlink radio frame of a received network node, as shown in fig. 12, the horizontal axis represents a time direction, eNB DL Tx represents the transmission timing of the network node in the downlink, Tp represents a propagation delay, (propagation time when a signal arrives at the first user equipment by the network node), UE1DL Rx represents the timing of the network node transmission received by the first user equipment, and UE1Tx represents the timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal, that is, the first user equipment takes the reception timing of the network node downlink transmission as a time reference for transmitting the first reference signal.
In a preferred embodiment, when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, the transmission timing of the network node (i.e. the timing adopted by the network node when transmitting the radio frame) is used as a reference, as shown in fig. 13, the horizontal axis represents the time direction, the eNB DL Tx represents the transmission timing of the network node in the downlink, and the UE1Tx represents the timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal, i.e. the first user equipment uses the transmission timing of the network node as the time reference for transmitting the first reference signal. The transmit Timing of the first user equipment may be determined based on its own Timing Advance (TA) parameter in the cellular uplink. In an LTE/LTE-a system, TA represents a transmission timing advance of a ue in a cellular uplink, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) system generally represents a transmission Time of a signal from the ue to a network node via the network node, and a TDD (Time Division Duplex) system generally adds a fixed Time to the transmission Time. That is, half of TA is used as the timing advance, and the timing for the first user equipment to send the reference signal is advanced by the timing advance on the basis of the received network node transmission timing, so that the synchronization between the timing for the first user equipment to send the first reference signal and the transmission timing of the network node can be ensured; or, the timing of sending the first reference signal by the first user equipment may also be ensured to be synchronized with the transmission timing of the network node based on other auxiliary synchronization methods, for example, by using a method such as a satellite positioning system, which is not described herein again.
Similarly, the timing for the second user equipment to transmit the second reference signal may also adopt one of the above three preferred embodiments, but at this time, Tp in fig. 11 and fig. 12 represents the propagation time when the signal reaches the second user equipment by the eNB, and details thereof are not repeated here.
In a preferred embodiment, the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal with reference to the timing when the first reference signal is received, as shown in fig. 14, likewise, the horizontal axis represents the time direction, UE1Tx represents the transmission timing when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal to the second user equipment, Tp represents the propagation delay, i.e., the propagation time when the signal arrives at the second user equipment from the first user equipment, UE2Rx represents the timing when the first reference signal is received by the second user equipment, and UE2Tx represents the timing when the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal, i.e., the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal with reference to the timing when the second user equipment itself receives the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment.
Example 2
Based on example 1, the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, and the timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal adopts the mode in example 1; the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal, and the timing at which the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal is in the manner in example 1.
Further, the second user equipment detects the first reference signal and sends a first synchronization parameter; the first user equipment detects the second reference signal and sends a second synchronization parameter. The first synchronization parameter at least comprises a synchronization identifier, and the synchronization identifier is used for indicating whether synchronization is successful or not; the second synchronization parameter comprises at least a synchronization flag indicating whether the synchronization is successful or not.
After the first user equipment and the second user equipment are successfully synchronized, the first user equipment and the second user equipment respectively perform D2D data transmission according to the radio frame timing of the first reference signal and the second reference signal, which is not described herein again.
In the preferred embodiment, the first user equipment and the second user equipment are synchronized with the target user equipment respectively, and the transmission timing does not need to be adjusted, so that the method is suitable for a point-to-point D2D communication scene, and is simple to implement.
Example 3
Based on example 1, the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, and the timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal adopts the mode in example 1; the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal, and the timing at which the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal is in the manner in example 1.
Further, the second user equipment detects the first reference signal and sends a first synchronization parameter; the first user equipment detects the second reference signal and sends a second synchronization parameter. The first synchronization parameter at least comprises a synchronization identifier, and the synchronization identifier is used for indicating whether synchronization is successful or not; the second synchronization parameter at least includes a timing advance parameter, and the timing advance parameter is used for indicating timing adjustment when the second user equipment sends data to the first user equipment, that is, a time adjustment amount when a wireless frame is sent.
Specifically, the time adjustment amount may be a difference between a radio frame timing when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal and/or data to the second user equipment and a timing of the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment and received by the first user equipment. And the time advance is used for expressing the frame timing when the second user equipment transmits data to the first user equipment relative to the timing when the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal. As shown in fig. 15, UE1Tx represents radio frame timing transmitted by the first user equipment to the second user equipment, UE2Rx represents timing of receiving radio frames by the second user equipment, UE2Tx represents radio frame timing when the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal, UE1 Rx represents timing when the second reference signal is received by the first user equipment, the first user equipment calculates a timing advance parameter (TA) based on the timing advance parameter, UE 2D 2D Tx represents radio frame timing when the second user equipment transmits D2D data to the first user equipment, that is, the second user equipment adjusts radio frame timing of D2D data transmission based on TA information in the received second synchronization parameter: the second user equipment transmits a radio frame of D2D data transmission at the TA time ahead based on the timing of transmitting the second reference signal.
In the preferred embodiment, the radio frame timing when the first ue transmits D2D data does not need to be adjusted, i.e. the radio frame timing when the first ue transmits D2D data is the same as the radio frame timing when it transmits the first reference signal.
In this embodiment, the first ue and the second ue are synchronized with the target ue respectively, only the second ue adjusts the transmission timing, and the radio frame timing does not need to be adjusted when the first ue transmits D2D data, so that the method is suitable for the communication between the first ue and multiple second ues, i.e. a point-to-multipoint D2D communication scenario.
Example 4
Based on example 1, the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, and the timing of the first user equipment transmitting the first reference signal adopts the mode in example 1; the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal, and the timing at which the second user equipment transmits the second reference signal is in the manner in example 1.
Further, the second user equipment detects the first reference signal and sends a first synchronization parameter; the first user equipment detects the second reference signal and sends a second synchronization parameter. The first synchronization parameter at least comprises a timing advance parameter, wherein the timing advance parameter is used for indicating timing adjustment when the first user equipment sends data to the second user equipment, namely time adjustment amount of a wireless frame is sent; the second synchronization parameter comprises at least a synchronization identity and/or a timing advance parameter.
Specifically, the time adjustment amount is a difference between a timing at which the second user equipment receives downlink transmission of the network node and a timing at which the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment is received, and is used to indicate a time adjustment amount of a frame timing when the first user equipment transmits data to the second user equipment relative to a timing at which the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal. As shown in fig. 16, eNB DL Tx represents radio frame timing of downlink transmission of the network node, UE1Tx represents timing when the first user equipment transmits the first reference signal, UE2Rx-eNB represents frame timing of downlink transmission of the network node received by the second user equipment, UE2 Rx-UE1 represents timing when the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment is received by the second user equipment, and UE1D 2D Tx represents frame timing when the first user equipment transmits D2D data to the second user equipment. Wherein Tp _1 represents the propagation delay from the eNB to the UE2, Tp _2 represents the propagation delay from the UE1 to the UE2, and Tp _ c represents the difference between the frame timing when the second user equipment receives the downlink transmission from the network node and the first reference signal timing when the second user equipment receives the downlink transmission from the network node, that is, the time adjustment amount of the frame timing when the first user equipment transmits data to the second user equipment relative to the first reference signal timing when the first user equipment transmits data to the second user equipment. In the situation shown in fig. 16, Tp _ c is a negative value, indicating that the radio frame timing of D2D data transmission of the first user equipment needs to be delayed, i.e. the radio frame timing is delayed by Tp _ c with respect to the radio frame timing at which the first reference signal is transmitted when the first user equipment is transmitting D2D data to the second user equipment.
In the preferred embodiment, it can be ensured that the timing of the radio frame transmitted by the network node and received by the second user equipment is aligned with the timing of the radio frame transmitted by the first user equipment.
Preferably, the second synchronization parameter comprises at least a synchronization identity and/or a timing advance parameter. If the sync identification is included, the second user device transmitting D2D data to the first user device may refer to example 2; if the timing advance parameter is included, the method for the second user equipment to transmit the frame timing of the D2D data to the first user equipment refers to example 3, or in this example, the method for the first user equipment to transmit the frame timing of the D2D data to the second user equipment is not described herein again.
Example 5
In the preferred embodiment, the ue detects the reference signal to obtain the synchronization parameter and then sends the synchronization parameter.
Preferably, if the synchronization parameter includes a timing advance parameter, the network node receives the timing advance parameter and then forwards the timing advance parameter to the user equipment of the other party of D2D communication; alternatively, the D2D communication another party user equipment receives the synchronization parameter sent by the user equipment directly. The timing advance parameter may follow a description method of the timing advance parameter in LTE/LTE-a cellular communication, which is not described herein again.
In the case of the timing advance parameter feedback method described in example 4, the timing advance parameter that results in feedback may be negative. Preferably, on the basis of the timing advance parameter description in the LTE/LTE-a cellular communication, 1 bit of information bits can be added to indicate the positive and negative of the timing advance parameter. Or, the timing advance parameter in LTE/LTE-A cellular communication is expanded, and the value of the timing parameter representing a negative value is increased.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A device-to-device communication method, comprising:
the first user equipment detects a second reference signal sent by the second user equipment;
the first user equipment sends a synchronization parameter according to the detection result;
and the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when the second user equipment performs device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the first user equipment sending the synchronization parameter according to the detection result comprises:
the first user equipment judges whether to be synchronous with the second user equipment according to the detection result; if the synchronization is successful, the first user equipment generates the synchronization parameter and sends the synchronization parameter; or
And the first user equipment generates the synchronization parameter according to the detection result and sends the synchronization parameter.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the synchronization parameter comprises at least one of: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter indicating a time adjustment amount when the second user equipment transmits the D2D data.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the method further comprises:
the first user equipment sends a first reference signal, the first reference signal is used for the second user equipment to judge whether to be synchronous with the first user equipment, and the timing advance parameter is a difference value between the timing when the first user equipment sends the first reference signal and the timing when the first user equipment detects the second reference signal.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment, the method further comprises:
and the first user equipment detects downlink transmission of the network node to obtain downlink receiving timing, wherein the timing advance parameter is a difference value between the downlink receiving timing and timing obtained by the first user equipment detecting the second reference signal.
6. The method according to any of claims 1 or 3, wherein the step of the second user equipment determining the data transmission timing when in device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter comprises:
the second user equipment takes the timing when the second reference signal is transmitted as the data transmission timing when the D2D communication is performed; or,
and the second user equipment acquires a time adjustment amount according to a timing advance parameter in the synchronization parameters, and determines the data transmission timing in the D2D communication according to the time adjustment amount, wherein the time adjustment amount represents the adjustment amount of the data transmission timing in the D2D communication between the second user equipment and the first user equipment relative to the timing in the transmission of the second reference signal.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein after the second user equipment determines the data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the first user equipment according to the synchronization parameter, the method further comprises:
and the second user equipment sends the D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising, after the second user equipment sends D2D data to the first user equipment according to the data transmission timing:
the first user equipment receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment at a timing when the second reference signal is detected; or
And the first user equipment determines the receiving timing according to the time adjustment quantity in the synchronization parameter and receives the D2D data sent by the second user equipment.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the first user equipment transmitting the synchronization parameter comprises:
the first user equipment sends the synchronization parameter to a network node, and the network node sends part or all of the information of the synchronization parameter to the second user equipment; or,
and the first user equipment directly sends the synchronization parameters to the second user equipment.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of the following steps before the first user equipment detects the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment:
the second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the second user equipment transmits an uplink radio frame during cellular communication; or
The second user equipment transmits the second reference signal at a timing when receiving a downlink radio frame of a network node;
or
The second user equipment sends the second reference signal at the timing when the network node transmits the downlink radio frame; or
The second user equipment transmits the second reference signal at the timing of detecting the first reference signal transmitted by the first user equipment, wherein the first reference signal is transmitted by the first user equipment before detecting the second reference signal transmitted by the second user equipment.
11. A user device, comprising:
a first detection unit, configured to detect a second reference signal sent by another user equipment;
a first sending unit, configured to send a first synchronization parameter according to the detection result;
a first receiving unit, configured to receive D2D data sent by the other user equipment according to a first data transmission timing, where the first data transmission timing is a data transmission timing when the other user equipment performs D2D communication with the user equipment, which is determined according to the first synchronization parameter.
12. The user equipment of claim 11, further comprising:
a second receiving unit, configured to receive a second synchronization parameter sent by another user equipment;
a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the second synchronization parameter, a second data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the other user equipment.
A second transmitting unit, configured to transmit the D2D data to the other user equipment according to the second data transmission timing.
13. The UE of claim 11, wherein the first sending unit comprises:
the judging module is used for judging whether the user equipment is synchronous with the other user equipment or not according to the detection result;
the first generation module is used for generating the first synchronization parameter according to the detection result when the synchronization is judged to be successful;
and the first sending module is used for sending the first synchronization parameter.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first synchronization parameter comprises at least one of: a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter for indicating an amount of time adjustment when the other user equipment transmits the D2D data.
15. The UE of claim 11, wherein the first sending unit comprises:
the second generation module is used for generating the first synchronization parameter according to the detection result;
and the second sending module is used for sending the first synchronization parameter.
16. The UE of claim 12, wherein the second synchronization parameter comprises at least one of:
a synchronization identifier for indicating whether synchronization is successful; a timing advance parameter representing an amount of time adjustment when transmitting the D2D data to the other user equipment.
17. The user equipment of claim 14, further comprising:
a third sending unit, configured to send a first reference signal before the ue detects a second reference signal sent by the other ue, where the first reference signal is used by the other ue to determine whether to synchronize with the ue, and the timing advance parameter is a difference between a timing when the ue sends the first reference signal and a timing obtained when the ue detects the second reference signal.
18. The user equipment of claim 14, further comprising:
a second detecting unit, configured to detect downlink transmission of the network node to obtain downlink reception timing; wherein the timing advance parameter is a difference between the downlink receiving timing and a timing obtained by the ue detecting the second reference signal.
19. A user device, comprising:
a first transmitting unit, configured to transmit a second reference signal to another user equipment;
a first receiving unit, configured to receive a first synchronization parameter sent by the other ue, where the first synchronization parameter is sent by the other ue according to a result generated by detecting the reference signal;
a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the first synchronization parameter, a data transmission timing when performing device-to-device D2D communication with the other user equipment.
20. The user equipment of claim 11, further comprising:
a second transmitting unit, configured to transmit D2D data to the another user equipment according to the data transmission timing.
21. A device-to-device communication system, characterized in that it comprises a user equipment and a network node according to any of claims 11-20.
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