技术领域technical field
本发明属于水处理领域，特别涉及一种复合水处理剂，还涉及该复合水处理剂的制备方法与应用。The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a composite water treatment agent, and also relates to a preparation method and application of the composite water treatment agent.
背景技术Background technique
当前，水污染问题已成为我国城市环境最主要问题之一。全国江河水域和湖泊普遍受到不同程度的污染，尤其是大中城市中下游河段污染更严重。城市河流是我国水环境的重要组成部分，由于人工业废水及城市生活污水的排放，城市河流污染状况相当严重，且普遍存在富营养化问题。据统计，到20世纪初期，世界上几乎已经没有一条完整的自然河流，城市河流的严重破坏与退化已被公认为一个全球性的生态环境问题。由此可见，水环境的修复成为我国环境保护的重要内容。At present, water pollution has become one of the most important problems of urban environment in our country. Rivers and lakes across the country are generally polluted to varying degrees, especially in the middle and lower reaches of large and medium-sized cities. Urban rivers are an important part of my country's water environment. Due to the discharge of industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage, urban rivers are seriously polluted and eutrophication is common. According to statistics, by the beginning of the 20th century, there was almost no complete natural river in the world, and the severe damage and degradation of urban rivers has been recognized as a global ecological environment problem. It can be seen that the restoration of water environment has become an important content of environmental protection in my country.
然而，城市污染水体的治理相当困难，治理工程量大，涉及面广。现有城市污染水体主要污染控制技术有物理法、化学法、生物法等。物理法往往治标不治本，且曝气复氧技术、底泥疏浚技术等都存在投入大的缺点，不具有规模治污的能力，且底泥疏浚中被清除的污染底泥的最终处理也是一个很棘手的问题；化学法主要是采用各种化学药剂，如加入化学药剂杀藻、加入铁盐等促进磷的沉淀(化学固磷)等，化学方法虽可使水质暂时得到改善,但会造成二次污染；生物法是一种具有良好发展前景的主体修复技术，治理费用低，环境无影响，最大限度的降解污染，但存在高效菌株的筛选、微生物的生长控制等难点，使得生物法修复技术难以推广。因此，结合城市水体的特点，着眼于对水体生态系统和自净能力的修复，寻求一种成本低廉、高效的新型污水处理剂成为当前的主要课题。However, the treatment of urban polluted water bodies is quite difficult, with a large amount of treatment projects involving a wide range of areas. The main pollution control technologies of existing urban polluted water bodies include physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods. The physical method often treats the symptoms but not the root cause, and the aeration and reoxygenation technology and the sediment dredging technology all have the disadvantage of large investment, and do not have the ability to control pollution on a large scale, and the final treatment of the polluted sediment removed in the sediment dredging is also a problem. It is a very difficult problem; the chemical method mainly uses various chemical agents, such as adding chemical agents to kill algae, adding iron salts, etc. to promote the precipitation of phosphorus (chemical phosphorus fixation), etc. Although chemical methods can temporarily improve water quality, they will cause Secondary pollution; Biological method is a main body repair technology with good development prospects, low cost of treatment, no impact on the environment, and maximum degradation of pollution, but there are difficulties such as screening of efficient strains and growth control of microorganisms, making biological repair Technology is difficult to promote. Therefore, combining the characteristics of urban water bodies, focusing on the restoration of water body ecosystems and self-purification capabilities, and seeking a low-cost, high-efficiency new sewage treatment agent has become a major topic at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：本发明的第一目的是提供一种成本低、效率高的复合水处理剂。Purpose of the invention: the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite water treatment agent with low cost and high efficiency.
本发明的第二目的是提供该复合水处理剂的制备方法。The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite water treatment agent.
本发明的第三目的是提供该复合水处理剂的应用。The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the composite water treatment agent.
技术方案：本发明提供的一种复合水处理剂，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石0.1-5份、天然沸石40-65份、石英1-10份、钠长石1-10份、伊利石1-10份、凹凸棒石10-40份、海泡石0.1-5份。Technical solution: A composite water treatment agent provided by the present invention is made of the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5 parts of hydroxyapatite, 40-65 parts of natural zeolite, 1-10 parts of quartz, 1 part of albite -10 parts, illite 1-10 parts, attapulgite 10-40 parts, sepiolite 0.1-5 parts.
作为优选，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石2-4份、天然沸石45-55份、石英4-6份、钠长石4-6份、伊利石4-6份、凹凸棒石20-30份、海泡石2-4份。Preferably, it is made of the following components by weight: 2-4 parts of hydroxyapatite, 45-55 parts of natural zeolite, 4-6 parts of quartz, 4-6 parts of albite, 4-6 parts of illite, Attapulgite 20-30 parts, sepiolite 2-4 parts.
作为进一步优选，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石3份、天然沸石50份、石英5份、钠长石5份、伊利石5份、凹凸棒石25份、海泡石2.5份。As a further preference, it is made of the following components by weight: 3 parts of hydroxyapatite, 50 parts of natural zeolite, 5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of albite, 5 parts of illite, 25 parts of attapulgite, sepiolite 2.5 servings.
作为进一步优选，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石1份、天然沸石55份、石英5份、钠长石5份、伊利石5份、凹凸棒石28份、海泡石2份。As a further preference, it is made of the following components by weight: 1 part of hydroxyapatite, 55 parts of natural zeolite, 5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of albite, 5 parts of illite, 28 parts of attapulgite, sepiolite 2 servings.
作为另一种优选，所述复合水处理剂的粒径为0.01-10μm。As another preference, the particle size of the composite water treatment agent is 0.01-10 μm.
本发明还提供了一种复合水处理剂的制备方法，将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，250-350℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The invention also provides a preparation method of a composite water treatment agent, comprising mixing hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 250-350°C, It is obtained by superfine grinding to a particle size of 0.01-10 μm.
本发明还提供了复合水处理剂在处理废水中的应用，具体为：将复合水处理剂加入废水中，恒温搅拌，沉降后过滤即得处理后水。The invention also provides the application of the composite water treatment agent in wastewater treatment, specifically: adding the composite water treatment agent into the wastewater, stirring at a constant temperature, settling, and filtering to obtain treated water.
作为优选，复合水处理剂与废水的用量比为（0.1-20）g：1L。Preferably, the dosage ratio of the composite water treatment agent to the waste water is (0.1-20) g: 1L.
作为进一步优选，搅拌温度为20-30℃，搅拌时间为0.5-2h，沉降时间为20-30min。As a further preference, the stirring temperature is 20-30°C, the stirring time is 0.5-2h, and the settling time is 20-30min.
有益效果：本发明提供的复合水处理剂成本低廉、比表面积大、活性高、分散性高、处理效率高，其相对于现有技术具有以下突出的优点：Beneficial effects: the composite water treatment agent provided by the invention is low in cost, large in specific surface area, high in activity, high in dispersibility, and high in treatment efficiency. Compared with the prior art, it has the following outstanding advantages:
1.本发明复合水处理剂的原料为天然沉积物，储量丰富，来源广泛，价格低廉，运营成本低，易再生，能有效降低水处理成本；同时对环境无污染，也不会造成二次污染，制备的复合水处理剂是一种环境友好型材料。1. The raw material of the composite water treatment agent of the present invention is natural sediment, which has abundant reserves, wide sources, low price, low operating cost, easy regeneration, and can effectively reduce water treatment costs; at the same time, it has no pollution to the environment and will not cause secondary pollution. pollution, the prepared composite water treatment agent is an environmentally friendly material.
2.本发明复合水处理剂充分利用了各组份特性，如沸石和伊利石的吸附性和离子交换性，海泡石的吸附性、离子交换性和脱色性等；同时各组分的互相配合使复合水处理剂在处理时不仅具有简单的吸附作用，同时还存在表面效应、孔道效应、结构效应、离子交换效应、结晶效应、溶解效应、水合效应以及氧化还原效应等，使各组分互相配合，协同增效，有效去除废水中的氮、磷、重金属、有机染料等，相同条件下比单一非金属矿物对污染物去除率提高30-50％，并且去除污染物速度极快，达到稳态时间短。2. The composite water treatment agent of the present invention has fully utilized the characteristics of each component, such as the adsorption and ion exchange of zeolite and illite, the adsorption, ion exchange and decolorization of sepiolite, etc.; With the combination, the composite water treatment agent not only has simple adsorption, but also has surface effects, pore effects, structure effects, ion exchange effects, crystallization effects, dissolution effects, hydration effects, and redox effects. Cooperate with each other and synergize to effectively remove nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, organic dyes, etc. in wastewater. Under the same conditions, the removal rate of pollutants is 30-50% higher than that of single non-metallic minerals, and the removal speed of pollutants is extremely fast, reaching The steady state time is short.
3.本发明复合水处理剂的制备方法中采用超细粉碎工艺，使所制备的复合水处理剂的尺寸达到纳米级，从而使该复合水处理剂具备纳米材料的通性，具有高的比表面积、高活性和高分散性。3. In the preparation method of the composite water treatment agent of the present invention, the superfine pulverization process is adopted, so that the size of the prepared composite water treatment agent reaches the nanoscale, so that the composite water treatment agent has the properties of nanomaterials and has a high ratio Surface area, high activity and high dispersibility.
4.本发明复合水处理剂在应用于处理废水时处理工艺简单、具有较高的化学活性和生物稳定性，应用范围广泛，处理对象多元化，可用于城市受污水体的治理，还可用于各种水处理工程项目，如河道、生活污水、土壤修复、工业废水、印染废水、造纸废水处理、电镀废水等，应用前景广阔。4. When the composite water treatment agent of the present invention is applied to the treatment of wastewater, the treatment process is simple, it has high chemical activity and biological stability, it has a wide range of applications, and the treatment objects are diversified. It can be used for the treatment of urban sewage bodies, and can also be used for Various water treatment projects, such as river courses, domestic sewage, soil remediation, industrial wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, papermaking wastewater treatment, electroplating wastewater, etc., have broad application prospects.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域的技术人员容易理解，实施例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。The present invention can be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the specific material ratios, process conditions and results described in the examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims .
实施例1Example 1
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石5份、天然沸石65份、石英10份、钠长石10份、伊利石10份、凹凸棒石40份、海泡石5份。Composite water treatment agent with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 5 parts of hydroxyapatite, 65 parts of natural zeolite, 10 parts of quartz, 10 parts of albite, 10 parts of illite, concave-convex 40 parts of rod stone, 5 parts of meerschaum.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，350℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 350°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10μm, that is.
实施例2Example 2
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石0.1份、天然沸石40份、石英1份、钠长石1份、伊利石1份、凹凸棒石10份、海泡石0.1份。Composite water treatment agent with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 0.1 part of hydroxyapatite, 40 parts of natural zeolite, 1 part of quartz, 1 part of albite, 1 part of illite, concave-convex 10 parts of rod stone, 0.1 part of sepiolite.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，250℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 250°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10μm, that is.
实施例3Example 3
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石2份、天然沸石45份、石英4份、钠长石6份、伊利石6份、凹凸棒石30份、海泡石4份。Composite water treatment agent, with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 45 parts of natural zeolite, 4 parts of quartz, 6 parts of albite, 6 parts of illite, concave-convex 30 parts of rod stone, 4 parts of meerschaum.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，300℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing evenly hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 300°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10μm, that is.
实施例4Example 4
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石2份、天然沸石55份、石英6份、钠长石4份、伊利石4份、凹凸棒石20份、海泡石2份。Composite water treatment agent, with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 55 parts of natural zeolite, 6 parts of quartz, 4 parts of albite, 4 parts of illite, concave-convex 20 parts of rod stone, 2 parts of meerschaum.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，300℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing evenly hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 300°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10 μm, that is.
实施例5Example 5
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石3份、天然沸石50份、石英5份、钠长石5份、伊利石5份、凹凸棒石25份、海泡石2.5份。Composite water treatment agent with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 3 parts of hydroxyapatite, 50 parts of natural zeolite, 5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of albite, 5 parts of illite, concave-convex 25 parts of rod stone, 2.5 parts of meerschaum.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，300℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing evenly hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 300°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10μm, that is.
实施例6Example 6
复合水处理剂，粒径为0.01-10μm，由以下重量份的组份制成：羟基磷灰石1份、天然沸石55份、石英5份、钠长石5份、伊利石5份、凹凸棒石28份、海泡石2份。Composite water treatment agent, with a particle size of 0.01-10 μm, made of the following components by weight: 1 part of hydroxyapatite, 55 parts of natural zeolite, 5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of albite, 5 parts of illite, concave-convex 28 parts of rod stone, 2 parts of meerschaum.
其制备方法，包括以下步骤：将羟基磷灰石、天然沸石、石英、钠长石、伊利石、凹凸棒石和海泡石混匀，300℃活化处理后，超细粉碎至粒径为0.01-10μm，即得。The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing evenly hydroxyapatite, natural zeolite, quartz, albite, illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and after activation treatment at 300°C, ultrafinely crushing to a particle size of 0.01- 10μm, that is.
实施例7Example 7
将实施例1至6制得的复合水处理剂处理废水，包括以下步骤：将复合水处理剂加入废水中，140r/min恒温搅拌，沉降后0.45μm滤膜过滤即得处理后水。Treating wastewater with the composite water treatment agent prepared in Examples 1 to 6 includes the following steps: adding the composite water treatment agent into the wastewater, stirring at a constant temperature of 140 r/min, and filtering through a 0.45 μm filter membrane after settling to obtain treated water.
按照国标方法测定处理前后溶液中的污染物浓度，计算去除率，并在同等试验条件下进行单一的非金属矿的对照试验，检测方法如下：Measure the concentration of pollutants in the solution before and after treatment according to the national standard method, calculate the removal rate, and conduct a single non-metallic ore control test under the same test conditions. The detection method is as follows:
TN:GB11894-89TN:GB11894-89
TP:GB11893-89TP:GB11893-89
BOD5:GB7488-87BOD5 :GB7488-87
COD:GB11914-89COD:GB11914-89
Cd2+Pb2+Zn2+Cu2+：GB7475-87Cd2+ Pb2+ Zn2+ Cu2+ : GB7475-87
Cr6+:GB7467-87,Cr6+ :GB7467-87,
Hg：GB7468-87Hg: GB7468-87
浊度:GB13200-91Turbidity: GB13200-91
色度:GB11903-89Chromaticity: GB11903-89
处理条件见表1，处理效果见表2。The treatment conditions are shown in Table 1, and the treatment effects are shown in Table 2.
表1实施例1至6制得的复合水处理剂处理废水条件The compound water treatment agent that table 1 embodiment 1 to 6 makes handles waste water condition
表2实施例1至6制得的复合水处理剂处理废水效果Composite water treatment agent treatment waste water effect that table 2 embodiment 1 to 6 makes
由表1和表2可以看出，本发明复合水处理剂对废水中的各种污染物的处理效果比沸石大大提高。It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the composite water treatment agent of the present invention has a greatly improved treatment effect on various pollutants in wastewater than zeolite.
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| CN201310017703.0ACN103055804B (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2013-01-17 | Compound water treatment agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201310017703.0ACN103055804B (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2013-01-17 | Compound water treatment agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201310017703.0AActiveCN103055804B (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2013-01-17 | Compound water treatment agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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