CN103050776A - High-gain high-efficiency flat plate antenna loaded with left-handed material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-gain high-efficiency flat plate antenna loaded with a left-handed material. The high-gain high-efficiency flat plate antenna comprises a feeding layer, a coupling layer, a resonant cavity layer and a radiating layer which are arranged along an electromagnetic wave propagation direction in sequence, wherein a dielectric plate loaded with the left-handed material is arranged on the radiating layer. According to the flat plate antenna, the dielectric plate loaded with the left-handed material is arranged on the surface of the radiating layer, and electromagnetic wave enters a coupling hole from a feeding port through a T-shaped waveguide, enters a resonant cavity after being subjected to a step effect in the coupling hole, enters a grid radiator, to which a layer of dielectric plate loaded with the left-handed material is attached, in the resonant cavity through a radiating slot and finally is radiated out through the dielectric plate. The entire flat plate antenna has the advantages of compact structure, high gain and capability of meeting technical requirements of high efficiency, large band width and small size of the conventional satellite flat plate antenna, and the efficiency of the flat plate antenna reaches over 85 percent.

Description

A kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials, belong to the technical field of satellite plate aerial.

Background technology

The advantage such as that plate aerial has is lightweight, volume is little, occupy little space, windage is little, efficient is high, plate aerial has higher efficient with respect to the antenna of other forms such as parabolic antenna, it is higher to gain, volume is little, but the efficient of plate aerial is between 75%～80% at present, from the difficult efficient 80% that breaks through of technological layer, to realize higher efficient.

Existing flat plate antenna structure is various, but most technical conditions that only satisfy short-range communication:

For example, Chinese patent application CN101752655A discloses a kind of plate aerial, comprises a substrate, a plurality of antenna body and a metal level.Described a plurality of antenna body is arranged on a surface of substrate, and metal level is arranged on another surface of substrate.Metal level has a plurality of grooves, interts respectively between described a plurality of antenna bodies.Described a plurality of antenna body is partly corresponding to metal level, and launches simultaneously and receiving electromagnetic signals in order to the communication system that cooperation has a plural multi-path transmission.But the operating frequency of this patent application is lower: 2.4GHz, although small volume, the gain of whole plate aerial is not high, only satisfies the closely requirement of signal transmission in the practical application, and application is limited.

For example, Chinese patent application CN101005156 discloses a kind of flat plate antenna of high gain wide band, in order to solve the problem that can't apply to high-gain broadband on the traditional antenna structure, plate aerial of the present invention comprises microwave base plate, has first surface and second surface; The first symmetric form radiating element is disposed on this first surface, and this first symmetric form radiating element has the first Department of Radiation and the second Department of Radiation; The second symmetric form radiating element is disposed on this second surface, and this second symmetric form radiating element has the 3rd Department of Radiation and the 4th Department of Radiation; And at least one linkage unit, connect this microwave base plate and reflecting plate.Wherein the end of this first Department of Radiation, this second Department of Radiation, the 3rd Department of Radiation and the 4th Department of Radiation adopts the method for designing of step structure.By flat plate antenna structure design of the present invention, can realize the purpose of high-gain broadband.The described plate aerial volume of this patent is little, it is roomy to be with, but in-plant communication requirement is only satisfied in himself gain, for the telecommunication gain or not; And this patent also is unfavorable for organizing battle array to realize higher gain.

For example, Chinese patent CN101483271 discloses a kind of plate aerial, comprises: a dielectric layer, a radiation metal layer and a ground metal layer.This dielectric layer is made by insulating material, has a upper surface, a lower surface and a perforation.This radiation metal layer is coated on the upper surface of this dielectric layer, has one first lamellar body, corresponding with this perforation first perforation, and first convex extension part of being extended in this perforation by the first perforation periphery of this first lamellar body.This ground metal layer is coated on the lower surface of the medium layer, have one second lamellar body, corresponding with this perforation second perforation, and second convex extension part of being extended in this perforation by the second perforation periphery of this second lamellar body, and this first convex extension part contacts in this perforation with this second convex extension part, this radiation metal layer is formed with this ground metal layer be electrically connected.Although the gain of the plate aerial described in this patent is higher, fabrication design is simple, and bandwidth is narrower, uses the microwave-medium plate efficiency low.

For example, Chinese patent CN101640309 discloses a kind of flat plate antenna structure, comprises the first sheet metal, intermediate layer, becket and the second sheet metal.Wherein the intermediate layer comprises the first hole, and the intermediate layer is arranged on the first sheet metal and with the first sheet metal and links; Becket passes the first hole and the first sheet metal links; And the second sheet metal comprises the second hole, and the second sheet metal and becket link, and the second sheet metal links with the first sheet metal, and intermediate layer and becket are by the first sheet metal and the coating of the second sheet metal.Whereby, the second sheet metal can electrically conduct by becket and the first sheet metal, forms resonant cavity between the first sheet metal and the second sheet metal, and by the characteristic of the diameter adjustable antenna that changes the first hole and becket.The described plate aerial design debug of this patent is comparatively simple, but its complex structure is difficult to processing, and it is lower to gain, and has used dielectric-slab efficient low.

For example, Chinese patent CN101719596A discloses and the invention provides a kind of single-feed source periodically arranged groove slot panel antenna.The groove structure of arranging of some cycles that this antenna is loaded by ground plate and gap feed source both sides forms, and the distance between slit and adjacent trenches is less than the groove cycle.Different from traditional period groove structure radiation mechanism, the electric field at groove place is opposite with the electric field phase at place, slit, can not see the groove place as source of secondary radiation again.At this moment, antenna surface has produced electromagnetic viscosimeter pattern-two an adjacent trenches integral body of another kind of novelty as a secondary radiation source, to the space radiation energy.It is compacter that this new antenna not only has structure, and design is characteristics more flexibly, and the conventional groove slot antenna identical with the groove number compared, and H face compression angle of the present invention is less, and antenna gain also improves.The more common antenna size of the described plate aerial of this patent is little, and gain is high, but design debug is complicated.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials.

Terminological interpretation:

Left-handed materials: refer to that a kind of dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are the material of negative value simultaneously.When electromagnetic wave was propagated at it, the relation between wave vector k, electric field E and the magnetic field H met Left Hand Rule, therefore was referred to as " left-handed materials ".It has the unusual physical propertys such as negative speed, negative index, ideal image, contrary Doppler frequency displacement, unusual Cerenkov radiation." left-handed materials " put upside down physical " right hand rule ", is relation between electric field and the magnetic field and the direction of fluctuation thereof and the latter describes.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials comprises the feed layer, coupling layer, resonant cavity layer and the radiating layer that set gradually according to the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction; The dielectric-slab that loads left-handed materials is set at described radiating layer.

Preferred according to the present invention, the dielectric-slab of described loading left-handed materials comprises that dielectric constant is 2.68 dielectric-slab, is provided with the metal patch of seven segment numerical " 5 " shape at described dielectric-slab; Described adjacent metal paster longitudinal pitch is SL=7.65mm, and described adjacent metal paster horizontal spacing is SW=2.75mm; Described metal patch is long to be ML=4.7mm, and described metal patch is wide to be MW=2mm; Described metal patch thickness is d=1mm; Described metal patch is arranged on the described dielectric-slab according to the arrangement mode of 10 row * 32 row.

Preferred according to the present invention, described metal patch is the copper metal patch.

Preferred according to the present invention, described radiating layer comprises a plurality of radiating elements, comprise the grid radiator in each radiating element, described each grid radiator comprises at the bottom of the rectangular grid sidewall and grid in four sidewall besieged cities, be provided with radiating slot at the bottom of described grid.

Preferred according to the present invention, interior long L=20mm, the inner width W=20mm of described each grid radiator, interior high H=8mm, grid base thickness h=1mm; The long FL=12mm of described radiating slot, wide FW=2mm.

Preferred according to the present invention, described each radiating element comprises 16 grid radiators, and described 16 grid radiators are arranged on the described radiating layer according to the arrangement mode of 4 row * 4 row.

Preferred according to the present invention, described resonant cavity layer comprises a plurality of RSPUDTcells, and described each RSPUDTcell comprises 4 resonant cavitys, and described 4 resonant cavitys are arranged on the described resonant cavity layer according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described each resonant cavity aligns with 4 grid radiators on the described radiating layer.

Preferred according to the present invention, described coupling layer comprises a plurality of coupling units, and described each coupling unit comprises 4 coupling apertures, and described 4 coupling apertures are arranged on the described coupling layer according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described each coupling aperture aligns with 1 resonant cavity on the described resonant cavity layer.

Preferred according to the present invention, described feed layer comprises a plurality of feed element, and each feed element comprises 1 feeding network, and described feeding network aligns with 1 coupling unit on the described coupling layer.

Preferred according to the present invention, feeding network in described each feed element comprises the hybrid-T of 3 mutual cascades, be provided with 4 coupling slots on described 2 hybrid-Ts therein, be provided with the feed mouth at another hybrid-T, described 4 coupling slots are alignd with 4 coupling apertures on the described coupling unit respectively.

Advantage of the present invention is:

Plate aerial of the present invention adopts the dielectric-slab that loads left-handed materials to be arranged on the surface of described radiating layer, electromagnetic wave enters coupling aperture by the feed mouth through hybrid-T, effect at coupling aperture process step enters resonant cavity, in resonant cavity, enter the grid radiator through radiating slot, be loaded with the dielectric-slab of left-handed materials on the grid radiator with one deck, described electromagnetic wave radiate by dielectric-slab.The present invention breaks the thoughtcast of existing plate aerial project organization, design the satellite plate aerial of unique texture of the present invention through a large amount of experiment simulations, make compact conformation, the gain of whole plate aerial high, realized the specification requirement of existing satellite plate aerial high efficiency, the large and small size of bandwidth, the efficient raising of its plate aerial reaches more than 85%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the divergent structure schematic diagram of plate aerial of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that is loaded with the dielectric-slab of left-handed materials of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of radiating layer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is resonant cavity layer of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is coupling layer of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is feed layer of the present invention;

The simulation result that Fig. 7 utilizes HFSS that plate aerial of the present invention has been done.

In Fig. 1-6,1, be loaded with the dielectric-slab of left-handed materials; 2, radiating layer; 3, resonant cavity layer; 4, coupling layer; 5, feed layer; 6, dielectric-slab; 7, grid radiator; 8, radiating slot; 9, resonant cavity; 10, coupling aperture; 11, hybrid-T; 12, step; 13, hybrid-T; 14, feed mouth; 15, metal patch.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and Figure of description the present invention is described in detail, but is not limited to this.

Embodiment 1,

A kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials comprises the feed layer 5, coupling layer 4, resonant cavity layer 3 and theradiating layer 2 that set gradually according to the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction; The dielectric-slab 1 that loads left-handed materials is set at described radiating layer.

The dielectric-slab 1 of described loading left-handed materials comprises that dielectric constant is 2.68 dielectric-slab 6, is provided with themetal patch 15 of seven segment numerical " 5 " shape at described dielectric-slab 6; Describedadjacent metal paster 15 longitudinal pitches are SL=7.65mm, and describedadjacent metal paster 15 horizontal spacings are SW=2.75mm; Describedmetal patch 15 is long to be ML=4.7mm, and describedmetal patch 15 is wide to be MW=2mm; Describedmetal patch 15 thickness are d=1mm; Describedmetal patch 15 is arranged on the described dielectric-slab 6 according to the arrangement mode of 10 row * 32 row.Describedmetal patch 15 is the copper metal patch.

Embodiment 2,

A kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials as described in Example 1, its difference be,

Describedradiating layer 2 comprises a plurality of radiating elements, comprises grid radiator 7 in each radiating element, and described each grid radiator 7 comprises at the bottom of the rectangular grid sidewall and grid in four sidewall besieged cities, be provided withradiating slot 8 at the bottom of described grid.

Interior long L=20mm, the inner width W=20mm of described each grid radiator 7, interior high H=8mm, grid base thickness h=1mm; The long FL=12mm of describedradiating slot 8, wide FW=2mm.

Described each radiating element comprises 16 grid radiators 7, and described 16 grid radiators 7 are arranged on the describedradiating layer 2 according to the arrangement mode of 4 row * 4 row.

Described resonant cavity layer 3 comprises a plurality of RSPUDTcells, and described each RSPUDTcell comprises 4resonant cavitys 9, and described 4resonant cavitys 9 are arranged on the described resonant cavity layer 3 according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described eachresonant cavity 9 aligns with 4 grid radiators 7 on the describedradiating layer 2.

Described coupling layer 4 comprises a plurality of coupling units, and described each coupling unit comprises 4coupling apertures 10, and described 4coupling apertures 10 are arranged on the described coupling layer 4 according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described eachcoupling aperture 10 aligns with 1resonant cavity 9 on the described resonant cavity layer 3.

Described feed layer 5 comprises a plurality of feed element, and each feed element comprises 1 feeding network, and described feeding network aligns with 1 coupling unit on the described coupling layer 4.

Feeding network in described each feed element comprises the hybrid-T of 3 mutual cascades, 11 be provided with 4 coupling slots on described 2 hybrid-Ts therein, be provided withfeed mouth 14 at another hybrid-T 13, described 4 coupling slots are alignd with 4coupling apertures 10 on the described coupling unit respectively.

After tested, as shown in Figure 7, the simulation result that HFSS has done plate aerial of the present invention, very close with desirable radiation fin, be fit to the specification requirement of satellite communication fully.

Claims (10)

1. a plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials comprises the feed layer, coupling layer, resonant cavity layer and the radiating layer that set gradually according to the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction; It is characterized in that, the dielectric-slab that loads left-handed materials is set at described radiating layer.

2. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the dielectric-slab of described loading left-handed materials comprises that dielectric constant is 2.68 dielectric-slab, is provided with the metal patch of seven segment numerical " 5 " shape at described dielectric-slab; Described adjacent metal paster longitudinal pitch is SL=7.65mm, and described adjacent metal paster horizontal spacing is SW=2.75mm; Described metal patch is long to be ML=4.7mm, and described metal patch is wide to be MW=2mm; Described metal patch thickness is d=1mm; Described metal patch is arranged on the described dielectric-slab according to the arrangement mode of 10 row * 32 row.

3. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the metal patch of described " 5 " shape is the copper metal patch.

4. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radiating layer comprises a plurality of radiating elements, comprise the grid radiator in each radiating element, described each grid radiator comprises four grid sidewalls and the radiating slot that is oppositely arranged with each grid radiator.

5. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that, interior long L=20mm, the inner width W=20mm of described each grid radiator, interior high H=8mm, grid base thickness h=1mm; The long FL=12mm of described radiating slot, wide FW=2mm.

6. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described each radiating element comprises 16 grid radiators, and described 16 grid radiators are arranged on the described radiating layer according to the arrangement mode of 4 row * 4 row.

7. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described resonant cavity layer comprises a plurality of RSPUDTcells, described each RSPUDTcell comprises 4 resonant cavitys, and described 4 resonant cavitys are arranged on the described resonant cavity layer according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described each resonant cavity aligns with 4 grid radiators on the described radiating layer.

8. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described coupling layer comprises a plurality of coupling units, described each coupling unit comprises 4 coupling apertures, and described 4 coupling apertures are arranged on the described coupling layer according to the arrangement mode of 2 row * 2 row; Described each coupling aperture aligns with 1 resonant cavity on the described resonant cavity layer.

9. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described feed layer comprises a plurality of feed element, and each feed element comprises 1 feeding network, and described feeding network aligns with 1 coupling unit on the described coupling layer.

10. a kind of plate aerial that loads the high gain and high efficiency of left-handed materials according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, feeding network in described each feed element comprises the hybrid-T of 3 mutual cascades, be provided with 4 coupling slots on described 2 hybrid-Ts therein, be provided with the feed mouth at another hybrid-T, described 4 coupling slots are alignd with 4 coupling apertures on the described coupling unit respectively.

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