CN103048629A - Method and device for metering lithium battery electric quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for metering the lithium battery electric quantity. The method for metering the lithium battery electric quantity comprises the following steps of: acquiring a battery voltage sequence sample; extracting a steady state battery voltage and the voltage change ratio corresponding to the steady state battery voltage from the battery voltage sequence sample; inquiring in a first three-dimensional storage space by taking the steady state battery voltage and the voltage change ratio as indexes, thereby obtaining the battery fully charge degree, wherein a first curve surface is stored in the first three-dimensional storage space, and is the corresponding relation curve surface of the steady state battery voltage, the battery steady state voltage change ratio and the battery fully charge degree. By applying the technical scheme provided by the invention, the metering method of lithium battery electric quantity is not the design based on the electric quantity integration of accumulative electric charge and discharge, does not need specific hardware support, is low in cost, consumes less electricity, and provides complete parameters oriented to the application requirements.

Description

The metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery and measuring apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to electronic applications, in particular to a kind of metering method and measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery.

Background technology

Voltameter is divided into battery meter volume and electricity meter and the application oriented battery applications voltameter that measures for battery according to application purpose.Namely begin after the cell activation to wear out gradually.The life-span of battery only is the expression to capacity loss, and is not directly perceived on a concrete impact of using.The battery applications voltameter is reflected in the voltameter of battery condition in the application system from the user perspective of battery power supply system.

The voltameter that uses at present mostly develops from battery meter volume and electricity meter, and voltameter itself is take the battery meter flow characteristic as main.Normally finish separately electric weight calculating by a system level chip that carries microprocessor, independently carry out the functions such as timing, collection and calculating, the continuous data result of battery is offered host system.Host system requires to convert to the battery applications voltameter with above-mentioned continuous data structure according to the difference of using voltameter.

Fig. 1 is the hardware construction schematic diagram of existing battery applications system.This circuit has multiplely different cut apart or makes up, in the prior art, the chips such as MAX17047 are single the integrated circuit that comprises application specific processor and electric weight and correlation measurement unit, and what mostly utilize in the mobile phone is the voltage segmentation voltameter that application processor and ADC realize.Wherein, the charging circuit unit refers in particular to part relevant with charging in the charging circuit of lithium ion or lithium ion polymer secondary cell.The battery circuit unit refers in particular to holding circuit and the equalizing circuit of lithium ion or lithium ion polymer secondary cell.The exclusive measuring unit of voltameter is used for the metering circuit of electric quantity metering.Host system is that parasitic voltameter is finished the external system that its software and hardware function relies on.

Voltameter is divided into based on the voltameter of electric quantity accumulation integral analysis, based on the voltameter of battery terminal voltage time series analysis and based on the voltameter of instant voltage measurement.Wherein, be the BQ34Z100 product of TI company of TIX based on the application example of the voltameter of electric quantity accumulation integral analysis, be the MAX17047 of MAXIM company based on the application example of the voltameter of battery terminal voltage time series analysis.The algorithm of above voltameter has internal resistance track algorithm (the Impedance Tracking of TI^TM, can be with reference to open source information SLUA375 and the SLYP086 of TI) and the model assessment algorithm (ModelGauge of MAXIM^TMCan be with reference to open source information AN4799 and the MAX17047 product data handbook of MAXIM), these voltameters all need to be based on the system level chip that carries microprocessor, and are strong to the dependence of hardware, hardware requirement is high, software and hardware is related strong, causes that power consumption is large, circuit cost is high.Based on the voltameter of the voltage measurement common voltage segmentation voltameter of mobile phone namely, simple for structure and do not rely on specific hardware configuration, but voltage segmentation voltameter only can provide schematic battery capacity indication, and complete voltameter parameter estimation can not be provided.

With electric charge discharge and recharge total amount record analysis, continuous voltage electric current record and only continuous voltage be recorded as the algorithm of basic data,, software and hardware high to hardware requirement is related strong, causes that power consumption is large, cost is high, perhaps, the self calibration state is captured difficulty.

Metering for the electric quantity of lithium battery of prior art depends on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integral unit, and the problem that the high power consumption of circuit cost is large not yet proposes effective solution at present.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a kind of metering method and measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery, depends on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integral unit problem with the metering that solves electric quantity of lithium battery in the prior art.

To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery.The metering method of this electric quantity of lithium battery comprises: obtain the cell voltage sequence samples; From the cell voltage sequence samples, extract stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to stable state cell voltage; Utilize stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio to inquire about in the first three-dimensional storage space as index and draw corresponding battery full level, wherein, store first surface in the first three-dimensional storage space, first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

Further, from the cell voltage sequence samples, extract the stable state cell voltage and comprise: reject the voltage data of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence, will be centered by this unjust some the average voltage in the predetermined amount of time of interval as the magnitude of voltage of this unjust point; Obtain the stable state cell voltage take the cell voltage sequence of rejecting after the unjust point voltage data as basic calculation.

Further, definite step of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence comprises: the mean value that calculates the magnitude of voltage of interval in the schedule time centered by the first voltage data point, and calculate the difference of magnitude of voltage and the mean value of the first voltage data point, wherein the first voltage data point is the data point in the cell voltage sequence samples; Judge whether difference exceeds predetermined threshold value, when difference during greater than predetermined threshold value, determine that the first voltage data point is unjust point.

Further, utilizing stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio also to comprise in the first three-dimensional storage space, inquire about corresponding battery full level as index after: to calculate according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation and expect cruising time.

Further, the loading condition calculating expection according to current discharge curve and expectation comprises cruising time: select discharge batten vector according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation; Utilize discharge batten vector to generate the expection discharge curve; The corresponding relation that utilizes cell voltage and cell voltage rate of change in the expection discharge curve is calculated by the voltage drop value of adjacent voltage data point expects cruising time.

Further, discharge batten vector comprises the splines that is expressed as steadying resistance discharge, constant-current discharge, three kinds of electric discharge types of permanent power discharge under the default loading condition.

Further, also comprise calculate expection cruising time according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation after: the metering result of output voltameter, this metering result comprise following at least one item: the battery full level, expect cruising time.

Further, also comprised before the metering result of output voltameter: the result carries out data modifier to metering, and the method for carrying out data decorations comprises following at least a: the metering result is carried out smoothing processing, the metering result is carried out dullness modifies, the metering result is carried out good will expression modification.

Further, before obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples, also comprise: the battery status parameter that can provide in the application system at lithium battery place is provided, and utilize the battery status parameter that first surface is carried out initialization, the battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: external power supply state, charging circuit start mark, battery balanced mark, bearing power pattern, battery continuation state, constant current state mark, real time charging electric current, charging current sequence, temperature range mark, battery and are full of mark, voltameter time, cell voltage sequence.

Further, after obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples, also comprise: utilize the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter; Use kind of a subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration.

Further, use kind of subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration and comprise: obtain the first surface of storage in the first three-dimensional storage space, and with this first surface as the bait curved surface; Use kind of a subparameter that the bait curved surface is carried out the Fitting Calculation, utilize the parameter value of bait curved surface on index position after the Fitting Calculation to generate new curved surface, with the first surface of newly-generated curved surface after as self calibration.

Further, utilizing the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate comprises: the trend of determining voltage up-down according to the cell voltage sequence; Utilize the straight line basis function that the cell voltage sequence is carried out match according to trend, obtain the fitting a straight line basis function; In the fitting a straight line basis function, search the point of linking appearance sudden change as the kind child node of calibration modified tone rate; Utilize kind of the magnitude of voltage of the straight line basis function of child node both sides to calculate the modified tone rate.

A kind of measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery is provided according to another aspect of the present invention.The measuring apparatus of this electric quantity of lithium battery comprises: the contact potential series acquisition module is used for obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples; The steady state voltage extraction module is used for extracting stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to stable state cell voltage from the cell voltage sequence samples; Battery full level enquiry module, being used for battery electric quantity utilizes stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio to inquire about the battery full level that draws correspondence as index in the first three-dimensional storage space, wherein, storage first surface in the first three-dimensional storage space, first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

Further, the measuring apparatus of this electric quantity of lithium battery also comprises: cruising time prediction module, be used for loading condition according to current discharge curve and expectation and calculate expection cruising time.

Further, the measuring apparatus of this electric quantity of lithium battery also comprises: the first surface initialization module, be used for to determine the battery status parameter that the application system at lithium battery place can provide, and utilize the battery status parameter that first surface is carried out initialization, the battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: the external power supply state, charging circuit starts mark, battery balanced mark, the bearing power pattern, the battery continuation state, the constant current state mark, the real time charging electric current, the charging current sequence, the temperature range mark, battery is full of mark, the voltameter time, the cell voltage sequence.

Further, the measuring apparatus of this electric quantity of lithium battery also comprises: first surface self calibration module, be used for utilizing the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter; Use kind of a subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration.

Use technical scheme of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is based on the scheme that the stable state that normalizes to single battery changes voltage Vs, voltage stable state rate of change dVs and electric weight full level SOC relation.This scheme with steady state voltage rate of change Vs as index, be designated as positive rate of change in battery steady state voltage rate of change dVs(discharge, be charged as negative rate of change), determine battery charging/discharging characteristic and parameter in the three dimensions Σ of battery stable state terminal voltage, battery full level SOC, be based on the algorithm design of host system computing power, be not based on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integration design, do not require the specific hardware support, cost is low, power consumption is little, and the parameter of complete facing to the applied demand is provided.

Description of drawings

The Figure of description that consists of the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not consist of improper restriction of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the hardware construction schematic diagram of existing battery applications system;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the first three-dimensional storage space in the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation according to the first three-dimensional storage space first surface α and curve ε in the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is according to voltage change ratio corresponding to different loads characteristic in the measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery in the embodiment of the invention and the relation curve of battery full level SOC;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to the metering method of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation according to modified tone rate vector in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention and δ curved surface;

Fig. 8 A is the schematic diagram that calculates the modified tone rate according to the first in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 B is the schematic diagram that calculates the modified tone rate according to the second in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that changes according to contact potential series in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention and the steady state voltage that draws;

Figure 10 is according to utilizing the expection discharge curve estimation schematic diagram in cruising time in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 11 expresses the schematic diagram of modifying according to the good will during near minimum operating voltage in the computing method of the preferred battery electric quantity of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, embodiment and the feature among the embodiment among the application can make up mutually.Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention in detail.

The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention, the measuring apparatus of this electric quantity of lithium battery comprises: contact potential series acquisition module 21 is used for obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples; Steady state voltage extraction module 23 is used for extracting stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to stable state cell voltage from the cell voltage sequence samples; Battery full level enquiry module 25, being used for battery electric quantity utilizes stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio to inquire about corresponding battery full level as index in the first three-dimensional storage space, wherein, storage first surface in the first three-dimensional storage space, first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

Above cell voltage sequence can be expressed as DStv[q] sequence, DStv(Data String of time and voltage) refer to battery terminal voltage sample data sequence timestamp, take q as index.This cell voltage is generated and buffer memory by the voltameter correlation measurement unit, by host system read and splice generation, with the time series magnitude of voltage of timestamp.This sequence is included in the fragment that produces during the system works, also can comprise the quit work fragment of rear generation of system.Battery full level (SOC, State of Charge) refers to that the chemical electric weight of battery sometime is with respect to the relative scale that the electric weight capacity is arranged in fact, voltage stable state rate of change dVs when stablizing constant current to battery charging and discharging through sufficiently long stable after, the rate of change of battery terminal voltage.

Technical scheme of the present invention is based on the scheme that the stable state that normalizes to single battery changes voltage Vs, voltage stable state rate of change dVs and electric weight full level SOC relation.This scheme with steady state voltage rate of change Vs as index, be designated as positive rate of change in battery steady state voltage rate of change dVs(discharge, be charged as negative rate of change), determine battery charging/discharging characteristic and parameter in the three dimensions Σ of battery stable state terminal voltage, battery full level SOC, be based on the algorithm design of host system computing power, be not based on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integration design, do not require the specific hardware support, cost is low, power consumption is little, and the parameter of complete facing to the applied demand is provided.

In the above-mentioned first three-dimensional storage space Σ space, X-axis is voltage stable state rate of change (V/s), Y-axis represents electric weight full level SOC(%), Z is battery terminal voltage (V), Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the first three-dimensional storage space in the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention, and wherein the curve on the ZY plane is the relation curve ε of static open-circuit voltage OCV and battery full state SOC; This curve is the standard feature data of lithium battery, has generally comprised the situation of conventional every joint 4.1V and every joint 4.2V maximum charging voltage and situation about improving according to the charging voltage that JEITA/BJA recommends.Stable state cell voltage when an application system is discharged and recharged, corresponding SOC and voltage change ratio are expressed as first surface α in the Σ space, determine that then this curved surface can obtain corresponding SOC from stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio sometime.Static open-circuit voltage (OCV, Open CircuitVoltage) refers to the terminal voltage of battery after no-output leaves standstill a period of time., stabilization time relatively enough little in load long enough, change in the enough little situation in terminal voltage within the certain hour thereafter, the terminal voltage of its battery can be considered to static open-circuit voltage.What is called is enough little to be for the degree of accuracy of battery electric quantity metering.

The JEITA/BAJ concrete meaning that occurs among Fig. 3 is: JEITA is NEC and infotech association, and BAJ is Japanese battery association; These two mechanisms are the employer's organization of worldwide extensively being approved.The use suggestion of these two tissues in August, 2007 issue is suggestion up-to-date, third party's issue; This suggestion has comprised the suggestion of charging with different maximum charging voltages in three different temperatures scopes, this has influence on the metering of the utilized electric weight of battery.

Fig. 4 shows the relation of first surface α and curve ε, curved surface Ε be the ε curve along the expansion of directions X, α curved surface and its meld line on the YZ plane are the ε curve.In the position of departing from the YZ plane, the α curved surface is considered to stretching, extension or the compression along the Z direction that the Ε curved surface causes because of the variation of load-modulate and battery DC internal resistance.The mechanism that sudden change is all found in the DC internal resistance of load-modulate or battery, so the α curve is the elastic registration of ε curve along the YZ hatching line.Whole curved surface be described and be generated to the α curved surface then can with the scaling on the sparse grid point on the XY plane.Such as the sparse grid VN[0 that illustrates on the XY plane among Fig. 4] * VN[5].The index point of this sparse grid on Y is chosen as the broken line end points VN[0 of ε curve]; Index point set VN[5 on the X-axis] then relevant with the velocity of discharge of battery, in the time of for example can selecting to be 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C than charging and discharging currents when 3.8V corresponding exemplary voltages decline rate as index point, such as per minute 0.6mV, 1.2mV, 3mV and 6mV.Wherein above-mentioned load-modulate refers to that the cell load difference causes the different phenomenon of battery terminal voltage in same battery full level SOC situation.

Steady state voltage extraction module 23 extracts the stable state cell voltage from the cell voltage sequence samples step specifically can comprise: reject the voltage data of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence, will be centered by this unjust some the average voltage in the predetermined amount of time of interval as the magnitude of voltage of this unjust point; Obtain the stable state cell voltage take the cell voltage sequence of rejecting after the unjust point voltage data as basic calculation.Wherein, definite step of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence comprises: the mean value that calculates the magnitude of voltage of interval in the schedule time centered by the first voltage data point, and calculate the difference of magnitude of voltage and the mean value of the first voltage data point, wherein the first voltage data point is the data point in the cell voltage sequence samples; Judge whether difference exceeds predetermined threshold value, when difference during greater than predetermined threshold value, determine that the first voltage data point is unjust point.Above-mentioned predetermined threshold value can be used as the part of electric weight calculating and data modifier parameter group and presets in the mode of input parameter.

Preferably, the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the present embodiment can also comprise: cruising time prediction module, be used for loading condition according to current discharge curve and expectation and calculate expection cruising time.Specific works step of prediction module can be according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation and selected discharge batten vector in cruising time this; Utilize discharge batten vector to generate the expection discharge curve; The corresponding relation that utilizes cell voltage and cell voltage rate of change in the expection discharge curve is calculated by the voltage drop value at consecutive number strong point expects cruising time.Above-mentioned discharge batten vector can comprise the splines that is expressed as steadying resistance discharge, constant-current discharge, three kinds of electric discharge types of permanent power discharge under the default loading condition.

The measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of embodiments of the invention is divided into load the parallel connection of steady resistance, constant current and three types of permanent power, derivation during with each type load discharge the battery terminal voltage voltage change ratio and the relation of static open-circuit voltage OCV voltage as 3 SPL of discharge curve, then the Projective decomposition of the discharge curve of a reality on the XY plane become load characteristic expression to 3 battens.Fig. 5 is according to voltage change ratio corresponding to different loads characteristic in the embodiment of the invention and the relation curve of battery full level SOC, in the drawings, the velocity of discharge of steady resistance load is directly proportional with cell voltage, its rate of change of expressing on the XY plane is consistent with profile and the OCV-SOC curve of the projection discharge curve CR of SOC, can be turned clockwise take Y as axle 90 ° by the OCV-SOC curve to obtain.Rotating to the XY plane after the projection SPL CC of Constant Current Load discharge is negated by the slope curve of OCV-SOC obtains.The projection splines CP of constant power load discharge is derived by the projection splines of Constant Current Load discharge and the reciprocal multiplication of OCV-SOC curve.Than the linear stretch of heavy load correspondence along directions X, otherwise along X-direction Y-axis linear compression.

Carry out the load characteristic assessment and need to suppose that load characteristic is stable in certain hour, can in the contact potential series record DStv in the first three dimensions Σ space, seek long and more stable sequence, calculate the discharge batten vector Γ (P that is expressed as 3 spliness after it is projected to the XY plane, C, R) [n], wherein n represents certain default load variations.Each Γ vector correspondence a center discharge curve υ on the α curved surface under a kind of condition; The collection of a plurality of υ curves that particular system has forms Υ (υ) discharge curve bunch.

The implication of above parameter is specially: the CP curve is during with permanent power discharge, in the drop shadow curve of variation patterns on the XY plane of the first three dimensions Σ space cell terminal voltage.The CC curve is during with constant current discharge, the drop shadow curve of the variation patterns of battery terminal voltage on the XY plane in the Σ space.The CR curve is during with constant resistance discharge, the drop shadow curve of the variation patterns of battery terminal voltage on the XY plane in the Σ space.The υ curve is DStv[q] contact potential series does the discharge track distribution center curve that smoothly obtains at the α curved surface; Express and utilization in the projection on XY plane and the projection on XZ plane with it.Υ (υ) discharge curve bunch is one group of υ curve that all records obtain in the Ψ space.Γ (P, C, R) [n] batten vector is by match Υ (υ) to be expressed as CP, CR, the combination of CR curved basic function, the batten of expressing particular system discharge style.Γ batten vector is comprised of at component coefficient P, C and R at CP, CC and three basis functions of CR it, and is relevant with the power mode discre value n of load system.

The measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of embodiments of the invention is to calculate expection all right after cruising time: the metering result of output voltameter, this metering result comprise following at least one item: the battery full level, expect cruising time.Can also comprise before the metering result of output voltameter: described metering result is carried out data modifier, and described method of carrying out the data decorations comprises following at least a: described metering result is carried out smoothing processing, described metering result is carried out the dullness modification, described metering result is carried out good will expression modification.

Electrical parameter in the measuring apparatus output data of electric quantity of lithium battery should because load changing occurs to change fast, should not occur and charging, the inconsistent variation of discharge trend simultaneously yet.Therefore approach when being full of and then need the coupled system other parts to do well-meaning exaggerative and conservative processing during near minimum operating voltage., under different states, can carry out different modifications and process for different output data, modify processing and generally be divided into level and smooth, dull, the well-meaning modification etc. of expressing.

Wherein well-meaning conservative estimation in order to ensure before system power failure is shut down, can have the sufficient time process on-the-spot and avoid the client because of expect too high impact use, limited, to utilizing the downward modulation of electric weight.Well-meaning express refer to battery relatively can utilize electric weight, residue cruising time, along with changing fast appears in the different maximum charging voltages of JEITA regulation and the variation of system consumption intensity, these variations can cause the suddenly big or suddenly small user of causing of electric weight puzzled.Suitably ignore these and change fast the expression way of the sensation of improving the client and according to system load energy consumption characteristics, electric quantity consumption be converted to that similar energy consumes, with the better electric weight expression way of residue working time correlativity of user's impression.

The dull modification when Back Up appears in the battery electric quantity short time in i.e. charging or the discharge process keeps electric weight to show, temporarily do not show Back Up.Reverse may be that cell voltage when interrupting short time of charging or discharge recovers, and also may be that the error of voltameter algorithm causes.

Above-mentioned first surface α need to carry out initialization and carry out self calibration according to real time data according to application system, and initialization is called again customization, is to pack into and produce the process of corresponding initialization value according to system parameter selection part software.Self-calibration process is system recalibrates the metering system output that outputs to reference of oneself voluntarily according to predetermined condition process.In this case, the measuring apparatus of the electric quantity of lithium battery of embodiments of the invention can also comprise: the first surface initialization module, be used for to determine the battery status parameter that the application system at lithium battery place can provide, and utilize the battery status parameter that first surface is carried out initialization, the battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: the external power supply state, charging circuit starts mark, battery balanced mark, the bearing power pattern, the battery continuation state, the constant current state mark, the real time charging electric current, the charging current sequence, the temperature range mark, battery is full of mark, the voltameter time, the cell voltage sequence.First surface self calibration module is used for utilizing the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter; Use kind of a subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration.

The specific works flow process of first surface self calibration module can be for obtaining the first surface of storing in the first three-dimensional storage space, and with this first surface as the bait curved surface; Use kind of a subparameter that the bait curved surface is carried out the Fitting Calculation, utilize the parameter value of bait curved surface on index position after the Fitting Calculation to generate new curved surface, with the first surface of newly-generated curved surface after as self calibration.Wherein utilizing the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate can comprise: the trend of determining voltage up-down according to the cell voltage sequence; Utilize the straight line basis function that the cell voltage sequence is carried out match according to trend, obtain the fitting a straight line basis function; In the fitting a straight line basis function, search the point of linking appearance sudden change as the kind child node of calibration modified tone rate; Utilize kind of the magnitude of voltage of the straight line basis function of child node both sides to calculate the modified tone rate.

Above-mentioned modified tone rate refers in the degree SOC situation that specific battery is full of, when steady and continuous discharges and recharges cell voltage comprise a voltage stable state rate of change relevant with charge-discharge velocity relevant with this rate of change, with respect to the translation variation of static open-circuit voltage OCV.The i.e. modified tone rate of ratio of this translation variation and voltage stable state rate of change.The modified tone rate has reflected the summation modulation effect that charge ratio capacity, specific discharge capacity and battery DC internal resistance produce.

The present invention comes the reflected load modulation with the proportionate relationship of the voltage difference of putting on the point on the Ε curved surface on modified tone rate ci and the di describing Z direction and the α curved surface and voltage change ratio dVs, in the Σ space, ci[x, y] expression charging modified tone rate, as index space take X and Y, charging modified tone rate value at [x, y] point.Ci is exactly the abbreviation of charging intercept.Cdt[x, y] the expression charging rate is as index space, in the charging rate value of [x, y] point take X and Y.Cdt is exactly the abbreviation of charging dump time.Di[x, y] expression discharge modified tone rate is as index space, in the discharge modified tone rate value of [x, y] point take X and Y.Di is the abbreviation of discharging intercept.Ddt[x, y] the expression discharge time constant is as index space, in the discharge time constant value of [x, y] point take X and Y.Ddt is the abbreviation of discharging dump time.Effective alignment time of these parameters is organized into a vector on modified tone rate ci and di and time constant cdt and ddt and certain net point, and this vector expression is formed correction vector curved surface δ in the Σ space.δ vector curved surface is with the value record on the sparse grid index point and expression.The difference of the voltage of the voltage of α curved surface and Ε curved surface is obtained by modified tone rate component and the voltage change ratio dVs dot product of δ curved surface.Method with acquiescence during system initialization generates a δ vector curved surface, then utilizes the sub-states parameter that obtains in the work that this curved surface is revised.This correction is carried out according to the continuous iteration of certain time interval; When utilizing the old curved surface of new sub-states parameter modification, old curved surface is used for generating new δ curved surface as bait curved surface β at every turn.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery, the measuring apparatus of any electric quantity of lithium battery that the metering method of this electric quantity of lithium battery can provide by the above embodiment of the present invention is carried out, and, the metering method of this electric quantity of lithium battery can be applied to comprise the voltameter of above measuring apparatus, Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to the metering method of the electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention, this metering method specifically comprises: step S61, obtain the cell voltage sequence samples; Step S63 extracts stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to stable state cell voltage from the cell voltage sequence samples; Step S65, utilize stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio in the first three-dimensional storage space, to inquire about corresponding battery full level as index, wherein, store first surface in the first three-dimensional storage space, first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

Preferably, extracting the stable state cell voltage among the step S61 from the cell voltage sequence samples specifically can comprise: reject the voltage data of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence, will be centered by this unjust some the average voltage in the predetermined amount of time of interval as the magnitude of voltage of this unjust point; Obtain the stable state cell voltage take the cell voltage sequence of rejecting after the unjust point voltage data as basic calculation.Wherein, definite step of the unjust point in the cell voltage sequence comprises: the mean value that calculates the magnitude of voltage of interval in the schedule time centered by the first voltage data point, and calculate the difference of magnitude of voltage and the mean value of the first voltage data point, wherein the first voltage data point is the data point in the cell voltage sequence samples; Judge whether difference exceeds predetermined threshold value, when difference during greater than predetermined threshold value, determine that the first voltage data point is unjust point.

Expect cruising time in application system for definite battery, after step S65, can also comprise: according to the loading condition calculating expection cruising time of current discharge curve and expectation.Calculating expection specifically can comprise cruising time: select discharge batten vector according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation; Utilize discharge batten vector to generate the expection discharge curve; The corresponding relation that utilizes cell voltage and cell voltage rate of change in the expection discharge curve is calculated by the voltage drop value at consecutive number strong point expects cruising time.The batten vector that wherein discharges comprises the splines that is expressed as steadying resistance discharge, constant-current discharge, three kinds of electric discharge types of permanent power discharge under the default loading condition.Also comprise calculate expection cruising time according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation after: the metering result of output voltameter, this metering result comprise following at least one item: the battery full level, expect cruising time.

Can more meet user's impression in order to ensure the result of calculation of electric weight, can also comprise before the metering result of output voltameter: the result carries out data modifier to metering, and the method for carrying out data decorations comprises following at least a: the metering result is carried out smoothing processing, the metering result is carried out dullness modifies, the metering result is carried out good will expression modification.

The customization of above first surface and self-calibration process can carry out such as following step: can also comprise before step S61: the battery status parameter that can provide in the application system at lithium battery place is provided, and utilize the battery status parameter that first surface is carried out initialization, the battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: the external power supply state, charging circuit starts mark, battery balanced mark, the bearing power pattern, the battery continuation state, the constant current state mark, the real time charging electric current, the charging current sequence, the temperature range mark, battery is full of mark, the voltameter time, the cell voltage sequence.After step S61, can also comprise: utilize the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter; Use kind of a subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration.Wherein, use kind of subparameter that first surface is carried out self calibration and comprise: obtain the first surface of storage in the first three-dimensional storage space, and with this first surface as the bait curved surface; Use kind of a subparameter that the bait curved surface is carried out the Fitting Calculation, utilize the parameter value of bait curved surface on index position after the Fitting Calculation to generate new curved surface, with the first surface of newly-generated curved surface after as self calibration.Utilizing the cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate comprises: the trend of determining voltage up-down according to the cell voltage sequence; Utilize the straight line basis function that the cell voltage sequence is carried out match according to trend, obtain the fitting a straight line basis function; In the fitting a straight line basis function, search the point of linking appearance sudden change as the kind child node of calibration modified tone rate; Utilize kind of the magnitude of voltage of the straight line basis function of child node both sides to calculate the modified tone rate.

Below a kind of most preferred mode of the present embodiment metering method is described: the metering method of this preferred electric quantity of lithium battery can be applied in as described in Figure 1 the hardware configuration, but be not limited to above-mentioned physical arrangement, only for cooperating the sample data source in this metering method.At first with forms mode parameter, input data, the output data of using in this metering method are described:

The data sample that may use in the metering method of this preferred embodiment of table 1. and source thereof and Scalability energy

In table 1, the implication of each parameter representative is as follows:

EXPWR[opens or closes], generated by the path control section in the charging circuit unit, whether the mark charging circuit starts.This mark and CHG reflect three configurations of charge path jointly, namely when external power supply can with and live through be charged to be full of after battery whether keep and being connected of load, whether break away from fully or break away from but when the power demand of burst occurs battery participate in replenishing Partial Power.But this marks whether cutting and the path-dependent that concrete system adopts.

CHG[opens or closes], whether mark is current is in the charging process, is generated by the charging circuit unit.Concrete function can be referring to above-mentioned explanation to EXPWR.

BB[is balanced to be started or does not start], generated by the battery balanced part of battery circuit unit, the mark battery equalizing circuit is at work.But this mark cutting.The impact of equalizing circuit power transmission efficiency will not be reflected to electric weight recurrence rate CRR[q when not using this mark] in, the battery performance evaluation affected.

PWRMOD[n] value, by the different capacity pattern of the generation of voltameter host system or collection, mark institute load system.But this sample cutting.PWRMOD[n] comprise at least that a system quits work or the pattern PWRMOD[0 of dormancy] with some power modes relevant with the function of enabling.If the value that does not provide recognition system to quit work pattern, the voltameter correlation measurement unit can directly be closed by host system, but that the unit can't enter will be autonomous, the battery voltage measurement pattern of system after stopping; Perhaps be not closed, the voltameter correlation measurement unit is understood maintenance work and is lost a kind of mode of operation that reduces power consumption.If the value of identification mode of operation can not be provided, will affect and estimate cruising time.

BD[] the battery detecting state, the convenient continuity that checks battery.BD[0 wherein] be a latch mode, occurred expression was reset from last time battery detecting less than state; BD[1] be immediate status, i.e. whether expression can detect battery at that time.

CC[constant current or non-constant current], generated by the live part of charging circuit unit, whether mark is current is in the constant current process.This mark and DSti[q] effect consistent, DSti[q directly be not provided] time utilize CC to generate DSti[q].Be subjected to some chargers of condition restriction such as input voltage can only be at part-time with constant current output, even perhaps charging circuit output constant current but the electric current that enters battery only has part-time is this constant current.But this mark cutting.If CC, DSti[q] all can not provide, in the time of can not adopting default value, will can't provide the output relevant with the electric weight value, comprise residue chemical electric weight Qc, chemical capacity Qcv, residue available power Qa and active volume Qav.

Icc[n] value, generated by live part in the charging circuit unit, and be interpreted as the value of current unit by the voltameter host system, be i.e. at that time charging current.Similar with the CC cutting, when not having the time of constant-current charge, need to utilize Icc to generate DSti[q].If the electric current I cc that charger provides only has part to flow into battery, then need to produce the current change quantity of a definite inflow battery; This variation can be controlled voluntarily and be read or controlled this electric current by voltameter conversely by the voltameter algorithm routine by charging circuit.

DSti[q] sequence, the charging current time series.By charging circuit unit live part produce or according to CC, Icc[n] parameter generates by the voltameter host system.But this mark cutting, its cutting affect the self-adaptation adjustment of algorithm; If CC, DSti[q] all can not provide, in the time of can not adopting default value, this calculation will can't provide the output relevant with the electric weight value, comprises residue chemical electric weight Qc, chemical capacity Qcv, residue available power Qa and active volume Qav.

The TRANGE value is generated by the battery circuit unit, and the mark current battery temperature is in which temperature range of JEITA/BJA suggestion.But this mark cutting.Indefinite this state then can't utilize battery maximum charging voltage calibration voltameter voltage.

The BFULL mark, by the live part generation of charging circuit unit, the mark battery is full of.But this mark cutting.When this mark can not be provided, carry out good will expression modification, well-meaning conservative estimation modification and dull the modification even after battery is full of, also need to continue to monitor battery terminal voltage and only change according to cell voltage.

The T voltameter time.The time that the voltameter circuit utilizes when independently carrying out Timing Data Acquisition, need to be calibrated to system time.Perhaps, if voltameter does not have oneself time and timing, utilize system time and timing.

DStv[q] sequence, generated and buffer memory by the voltameter correlation measurement unit, by the voltameter host system read and splice generation, with the time series magnitude of voltage of timestamp.This sequence is included in the fragment that produces during the system works, also comprises the quit work fragment of rear generation of system.Wherein but the DStv fragment after system quits work is cutting.When not being provided, this fragment then can't not carry out self calibration in the simplest mode; The cycle of calibration is subject to the impact that sub-states is captured, thus the convergence that impact is calculated.

The FG mark illustrates that voltameter is in work.This is an implicit state, is sightless to voltameter itself.

Input data and brief description thereof in the metering method of this preferred embodiment of table 2.

In table 2, the implication of each parameter representative is as follows:

VFULL[0,1,2,3] meaning of vector is respectively: VFULL[0] default value that adopts in the time of can not being confirmed whether to adopt the charging of JEITA/BJA expansion voltage.VFULL[1] charging voltage in TRAGNGE=1 is chargeable low temperature range and the charging voltage value when confirming not adopt the charging of JEITA/BJA expansion voltage.VFULL[2] charging voltage in TRAGNGE=2 is the temperature range of chargeable suitable expansion.VFULL[3] charging voltage in TRAGNGE=3 is chargeable high temperature range.

VOFF[1,2,3 ..., n] and vector, the minimum operating voltage of the different PWRMOD in the corresponding particular system.

Qcvn is the nominal chemical capacity of current employing battery.

VN[] vector set, i.e. ε curve, CPP curve, CCP curve, CRP curve and index sparse grid point set.This group parameter is the OCV-SOC curve in the mapping in the Σ space of particular system.Wherein: VN[0], VN[1] be the ε curve of the extremity of segment point set expression of broken line processing, i.e. OCV-SOC empirical relationship curve.VN[0 wherein] be the SOC point set, VN[1] be the OCV point set.VN[2] the CPP curve, the constant power load SPL; This curve utilizes the direct derivation of ε curve to go out.VN[3] the CCP curve, the constant power load SPL; This curve utilizes the direct derivation of ε curve to go out.VN[4] the CRP curve, the constant power load SPL; This curve utilizes the direct derivation of ε curve to go out.VN[5] index point set on modified tone rate axle, with VN[0] consist of the sparse grid index point set SMSH that stores corrected parameter.

PI[0,1] be self calibration interval time, concrete meaning is respectively: PI[0] the self-alignment cycle, namely how long system works has a go at one time later self calibration.PI[1] carry out in the time of can not finishing self calibration interval time of retry.PI[2] time of reviewing forward during self calibration, the data before how long namely can adopting are carried out self calibration.

Q[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7] be voltameter data processing parameters, concrete meaning is respectively: Q[0] electric weight and modify the data sequence of calculating and review the time, namely calculate the desired historical data of electrical parameter and how long want rollback.Q[1] discharge and recharge and historical review the time, namely plan record historical situation how long; This value must be greater than PI[2].Q[2] record discharges and recharges historical storage space restriction; This value need to be greater than Q[1] regulation reviews the needs of time.Q[3] this sudden change will continue when confirming the battery current sudden change timeslice.Q[4] identification suddenlys change, and the minimum voltage that should have changes, the unjust thresholding of starting at deviation and cell voltage ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of single-point.These 3 values are independently but approach logically, from independent processing no longer for simplicity.So-called identification sudden change minimum change is two continuous Q[3] variation of mean value in the timeslice is worth greater than this, then is identified as once sudden change; If what is called is started at deviation and namely rejected as unjust data, then this value is greater than this value at least; So-called ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS thresholding is namely judged the criterion of whether having changed different batteries when voltameter is not worked, is to judge one of discontinuous method of battery status.Q[5] identify the minimum of load changing needs than charging and discharging currents variation and the unjust deviation of starting at of single-point.Q[6] smoothingtime that adopts of data output.Q[7] stable state changed the pressure reduction of voltage and minimum voltage when judgement approached minimum voltage.

Tq is the time interval of record DStv and DSti, and Tq/2 is also as the critical deviation that starts clock alignment simultaneously, if namely deviation voltameter clock and system clock deviation are greater than this value, startup clock alignment event.

Tave is the window time that voltage and current sample is averaged.

Td[0,1] is interval time and retry time of battery capacity estimation.

CRR0[] be the default value of segmentation electric charge recurrence rate, comprise its segmentation voltage and CRR value.

Ci0 is charging modified tone rate initialization default value.

Cdt0 is charging constant initialization stabilization time default value.

Di0 is discharge modified tone rate initialization default value.

Ddt0 is discharge time constant initialization default value.

QDR is static self-discharge rate; Be that voltameter is in the self-discharge rate that battery table reveals in do not work low-power consumption or off-mode, the system.

This optimization algorithm output parameter can comprise electrical parameter, cell evaluation parameter, voltameter state parameter, 4 groups of voltameter correlation parameters of load condition parameter and 4 usual amounts that may be utilized, and can see Table 3.

Output data and brief description thereof in the metering method of this preferred embodiment of table 3.

In table 3, electrical parameter comprises: Qc value and the well-meaning aQc that expresses thereof, residue chemistry electric weight and the modified good will expression value of the battery of measuring and calculating.Qcr value and well-meaning aQcr, the relatively chemical electric weight of the remaining power of measuring and calculating and the modified good will expression value expressed thereof.Qcv value and the well-meaning aQcv that expresses thereof, the battery chemistries electric weight capacity of measuring and calculating and well-meaning expression the thereof.Qa value and well-meaning aQa, the residue available power of measuring and calculating and the modified good will expression value expressed thereof.Qar value and well-meaning aQar, the relative surplus available power of measuring and calculating and the modified good will expression value expressed thereof.Qav value and well-meaning aQav, the available power capacity of measuring and calculating and the modified good will expression value expressed thereof.Ta value and the well-meaning aTa that expresses thereof estimate and modified good will expression value the cruising time of measuring and calculating.The Tav value is with the available power of expressing cruising time; This parameter adopts modified good will expression value.

The cell evaluation parameter comprises: CRR[n] vector, segmentation electric charge recurrence rate is treated self-alignment currency.The ci value, charging modified tone rate currency.The cdt value, charging constant currency stabilization time.The di value, discharge modified tone rate currency.The ddt value, the discharge time constant currency.And 3 capacity parameter aQcv, aQav in the electrical parameter and Tav.

The voltameter state parameter comprises: the BSU mark, indicate the not clear mark of current battery status; Be the voltameter algorithm do not have the data of continuity can utilization or the deviation of current data and former data exceed predetermined limit.State variation Event Timestamp sequence; The sequence of the time that namely battery operated state changes in system.Initialization and self calibration event time.

The load condition parameter comprises: Γ (P, C, R) [n] vector, different loads power mode PWRMOD current employing, corresponding, in the Σ space, decompose the load curve on CPP, CCP and three curves of CRP.

Usual amounts comprises: DStv[] be the contact potential series after voltameter collection and the calibration.DSti[] be the current sequence after voltameter collection and the calibration.Vs is that voltameter is from DStv[] the stable state that calculates change voltage.OCV is that voltameter is from DStv[] the static open-circuit voltage that calculates.

The metering method of this preferred embodiment can be subdivided into 6 different parts, i.e. the processing of customization, on-the-spot initialization, sample data, electrical parameter, the well-meaning expression are processed and the iteration self calibration.

Customize the algorithm cutting that refers to produce corresponding particular system, the learning process of determining initialization default value and definite default value parameter.Specifically comprise following flow process:

Customization step 1 is determined to have the listed data of which table 1 and how to be obtained these data in concrete system;

Customization step 2, which need to and be reentried in new on-the-spot initialization respectively and on-the-spotly resets initialized the time to set up the customization default value of the listed parameter of table 2 and these parameters, and newly on-the-spotly whether is comprising learning process initialized the time, confirming which parameter;

Customization step 3, customize the calibration event of determined voltameter effective status and customization according to above-mentioned two steps, determine state and total number of events and expression thereof in this specific system, and determine to obtain which parameter and which parameter of output in the table 3.

Wherein, for customization step 1, the 1st to the 8th in the table 1 is used for determining how to produce the state of electric weight in respect of recorded value.These states can be referring to table 4.

This preferred metering method does not also require to possess these all states in a concrete system, and there is correlativity in these data samples, CHG=1 for example, the i.e. implicit BD[0 that comprises of state in the charging]=1 and the condition of EXPWR=1, the CC state is the implicit condition that comprises CHG=1 further.This part customization namely determines according to particular system how this system knows the state that discharges and recharges, and then determines how to record these states.

Charging and discharging state combination table in the metering method of this preferred embodiment of table 4.

Whether the 5th BD can prove absolutely that it is that battery status does not continue that battery is not changed in the table 1.If can not prove absolutely then customize and to comprise inspection DStv sequence, the part of the replacing of identification battery.Whether the 6th to the 8th customization can produce the way of DSti and generation in the table 1.The 9th and the 10th then determine how to produce the voltameter voltage reference in the table 1, namely are to be calibrated to the cell voltage of charger or to turn around, and calibrate under which kind of condition.Base when how the 11st situation customization produces voltameter in the table 1, namely whether voltameter time calibration to system time or turn around, and how to calibrate.Whether there is system to enter change in voltage record after the low-power consumption and the generation way of DStv according to the 12nd and the 13rd customization in the table 1.

β curved surface and the δ vector curved surface that normalizes to single battery set up in acting as of customization step 2, and the resolution of expressing with system value is arrived in all parameter consolidations.

On-the-spot initialization comprises new on-the-spot initialization and the on-the-spot initialization of reentrying.New start on-the-spot or distinguish when battery status does not continue, the project that the time of the new battery status of resetting, his-and-hers watches 2 customizes selection is carried out initialization and is new on-the-spot initialization.If the reentry on-the-spot initialization and check whether need to carry out clock alignment of institute's customization project is then carried out in the his-and-hers watches 2 in battery status continuity.

Sample data comprises Sample Data Collection, pre-service, screening and rejecting.Read voltameter and measure the data sequence of interlock circuit buffering, check the DStv/ of whether current record or the continuity of DStv and DSti, generate or be spliced into the seasonal effect in time series process that comprises state variation and DStv/ or DStv and DSti in the inner space, and enter the process that the external data space is Ψ exceeding the sequence unloading of the time of reviewing.Collect which and the original data sequence that produces of the hardware of a concrete system of pre-service and produce electric weight and calculate and need sample data to be determined by customization procedure how.For example how to produce the BD[0 that the mark battery once broke away from], how generation current sample sequence and the contact potential series or contact potential series and current sequence pre-service, screening and the rejecting that whether hardware are produced.

It is to utilize the genial expectation of existing voltameter argument sequence to reach the process that value sequence produces new good will expression value that well-meaning expression is processed.

The iteration self calibration be inspection record qualified sample, capture sub-states, then utilize sub-states, current α curved surface as the β curved surface, the process of the α curved surface that uses after calculate generating.

The metering method of this preferred embodiment has been introduced the voltage difference put on the point on the Ε curved surface and α curved surface on modified tone rate ci and the di describing Z direction and the proportionate relationship of voltage change ratio dVs, comes the reflected load modulation.Effective alignment time of these parameters is organized into a vector on modified tone rate ci and di and time constant cdt and ddt and certain net point, and this vector expression is formed correction vector curved surface δ in the Σ space.δ vector curved surface is with the value record on the sparse grid index point and expression.The difference of the voltage of the voltage of α curved surface and Ε curved surface is obtained by modified tone rate component and the voltage change ratio dVs dot product of δ curved surface.Method with acquiescence during system initialization generates a δ vector curved surface, then utilizes the sub-states parameter that obtains in the work that this curved surface is revised.This correction is carried out according to the continuous iteration of certain time interval; When utilizing the old curved surface of new sub-states parameter modification, old curved surface is used for generating new δ curved surface as bait curved surface β at every turn.

The metering method of this preferred electric quantity of lithium battery realizes having a plurality of options and transactional to process as a method towards the complicated applications scene, and its method comprises following content:

1. calculate the method for relatively chemical electric weight;

2. relative electric weight being demarcated is the method for electric weight;

3. method for self-calibrating;

4. Data Collection, screening and rejecting extracts the method for stable state changing unit from voltage records series DStv;

5. the expression of load characteristic;

6. estimate the method for continuation of the journey;

7. electric weight is exported the method for modifying of data;

8. battery applications method of evaluating characteristic.

Wherein the principle of front 3 methods all changes a kind of expressional scheme of voltage Vs, steady state voltage rate of change and electric weight full level SOC relation based on the stable state that normalizes to single battery; All the other disposal routes are extension utilization or the naturalizations in this scheme basic data.This expressional scheme namely with the steady state voltage rate of change as index, be designated as positive rate of change in battery steady state voltage rate of change dVs(discharge, be charged as negative rate of change)-scheme of battery charging/discharging characteristic and parameter expressed in the three dimensions Σ of battery stable state terminal voltage-battery full level SOC.As shown in Figure 3, the curve on the ZY plane is the relation curve ε of static open-circuit voltage OCV and battery full state SOC in the three dimensions Σ; This curve is the standard feature data of lithium battery, has comprised the situation of conventional every joint 4.1V and every joint 4.2V maximum charging voltage and situation about improving according to the charging voltage that JEITA/BJA recommends.

Stable state cell voltage when utilizing three-dimensional storage space Σ that an application system is discharged and recharged, corresponding SOC and voltage change ratio are expressed as a curved surface α in the Σ space, determine that then this curved surface can obtain corresponding SOC from stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio sometime.

The expression that Fig. 4 has illustrated the α curved surface with and with the relation of ε curve.Curved surface Ε be the ε curve along the expansion of directions X, α curved surface and its meld line on the YZ plane are the ε curve.In the position of departing from the YZ plane, the α curved surface is considered to stretching, extension or the compression along the Z direction that the Ε curved surface causes because of the variation of load-modulate and battery DC internal resistance.The mechanism that sudden change is all found in the DC internal resistance of load-modulate or battery, so the α curve is the elastic registration of ε curve along the YZ hatching line.Whole curved surface be described and be generated to the α curved surface then can with the scaling on the sparse grid point on the XY plane, such as the sparse grid VN[0 that illustrates on the XY plane among Fig. 3] * VN[5].The index point of this sparse grid on Y is chosen as the broken line end points VN[0 of ε curve]; Index point set VN[5 on the X-axis] then relevant with the velocity of discharge of battery, in the time of for example can selecting to be 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C than charging and discharging currents when 3.8V corresponding exemplary voltages decline rate as index point, such as per minute 0.6mV, 1.2mV, 3mV and 6mV.

Fig. 7 shows the relation of modified tone rate vector and δ curved surface in the metering method of preferred electric quantity of lithium battery, and wherein the δ curved surface is an intermediate variable, expresses curved surface take X and Y as the signal of one group of vector (the δ vector namely) in the Σ space of index.This δ vector is comprised of a plurality of components, can't express with single curved surface.This method for optimizing has been introduced the voltage difference put on the point on the Ε curved surface and α curved surface on modified tone rate ci and the di describing Z direction and the proportionate relationship of voltage change ratio dVs, comes the reflected load modulation.Effective alignment time of these parameters is organized into a vector on modified tone rate ci and di and time constant cdt and ddt and certain net point, and this vector expression is formed correction vector curved surface δ in the Σ space.δ vector curved surface is with the value record on the sparse grid index point and expression.The difference of the voltage of the voltage of α curved surface and Ε curved surface is obtained by modified tone rate component and the voltage change ratio dVs dot product of δ curved surface.Method with acquiescence during system initialization generates a δ vector curved surface, then utilizes the sub-states parameter that obtains in the work that this curved surface is revised.This correction is carried out according to the continuous iteration of certain time interval; When utilizing the old curved surface of new sub-states parameter modification, old curved surface is used for generating new δ curved surface as bait curved surface β at every turn.

Below in conjunction with above-mentioned base case said method is further described:

1, calculates the method for relatively chemical electric weight

From the cell voltage sequence samples DStv that obtains, extract stable state changing unit and corresponding voltage change ratio thereof.Utilize these two data directly to obtain relatively chemical electric weight SOC at the Σ space querying as index.

2. relative electric weight being demarcated is the method for electric weight

The method needs the DSti data sample.In the higher section of corresponding electric weight recurrence rate CRR, the integral and calculating of DSTi is obtained charge capacity in this section, then utilize the relative chemical electric quantity change chemistry electric weight of this electric weight and correspondence section.The factor that affects the electric weight recurrence rate except battery aging, than charging and discharging currents, the natural causes such as voltage range that discharge and recharge, whether carried out battery balanced operation and be external factor as can be known.

3. method for self-calibrating

Self calibration is namely at Ψ space duration Q[1] the charging and discharging state historical record in seek the sequence meet certain specification, from the calculation of parameter of these sequences go out the modified tone rate and/or discharge and recharge time constant as seed, utilize old δ curved surface as bait curved surface β, generate new δ curved surface.That preserve in the Ψ space is change in voltage sequence fragment that record, that filter out DStv of nearest a period of time and/or curent change sequence fragment DSti, and the state variation time.The kind subparameter that obtains might not be on the index point of sparse grid shown in Figure 4, and the parameter value that therefore need to utilize seed match β curved surface, then utilizes the β curved surface to be created on the index position generates new δ curved surface.In most cases new δ curved surface is to be participated in generating by former δ curved surface, so that self calibration becomes an iterative process.

So-called seed has two generic sequence fragments from a clear state to another clear state of current break namely according to the charging and discharging state classification of table 4.The chemical equilibrium process of charging and discharging currents when sudden change battery shows as a motional impedance, i.e. DC impedance of ideal battery series connection is in parallel with the electric capacity that certain internal resistance arranged.At first by clear and definite its lifting trend of state of each fragment, utilize straight line basis function and base index Function Fitting by its trend during calculating, obtain two basis function components of error minimum with least square method.The time constant of this base index function is charging or discharge time constant cdt or the ddt of this film.The situation of seeking the sudden change of the straight line basis function that linking occurs in continuous fragment discharges and recharges the kind child node of modified tone rate ci, di as calibration

Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B show respectively the computation process of modified tone rate with two kinds of Spike trains, wherein Fig. 8 A shows the sequence that starts from very lower powered state, and so-called very low implication is that steady state voltage value is near OCV value and can be used as the OCV use.Utilize the kind child node shown in Fig. 8 A can utilize following formula F 1 to calculate modified tone rate p(and represent the modified tone rate with p herein, expression is charging modified tone rate ci or discharge modified tone rate di):

Formula F 1:p=(V11-V01)/S1

Fig. 8 B is kind child node corresponding to once sudden change that occurs in when continuing than heavy-current discharge, and this moment, computing formula was formula F 2:

Formula F 2:p=(V13-V03)/(S4-S3)

In above formula F 1 and the formula F 2, the index of fragment X coordinate in the Σ space before and after S1, S3 and S4 are respectively, p is recorded to the position of S value.

δ vector curved surface is calibrated with to start type relevant.If on-the-spot initialization then utilizes immediately the whole default values of parameter replacement that obtain and regenerates the α curved surface; If reenter startup then according to the seed node data of calibration or retry period inspection accumulation, determine the local calibration of δ curved surface or comprehensively calibration.Wherein, on-the-spot initialization startup refers to and comprises complete predetermined condition and the checking of physical condition matching degree, reference data calibration and unified, the process of the instant parameter of utilizing of study generation.To reenter to start and to refer in order reducing the taking of system resource, towards regular task, only need the startup of partial condition checking.

The general not corresponding δ vector of the index position of kind of child node is at the index position of Σ space expression, and calibrate each direction that need to obtain in XY key plan at least has two kind subparameters comprehensively.These seeds are done smooth connection, for example utilize β-batten smooth connection seed to obtain the smooth surface of each component of δ vector, then utilize difference to be created in a δ vector of expressing index position.Old α curved surface is converted to the β curved surface, utilizes δ vector dot product Ε curved surface to obtain new α curved surface, finishes comprehensive self calibration.

Battery capacity calibration namely calculates the relative electric quantity change that in possessing the section of good the CRR actual electric weight that flows into battery and OCV-SOC obtain this section according to DSti, calculates the chemical electric weight of actual battery.Good CRR section namely do not adopt or adopt the high-level efficiency equilibrium, change more stably platform section on the OCV-SOC curve.

Need to there be each section discharge charge amount just can carry out the calibration of CRR; Perhaps can not obtain and flow into or/and during the DSti that flows out, CRR is measured and calibrated to the variable quantity that utilizes less Icc to produce.

4. Data Collection, screening and rejecting extracts the method for stable state changing unit from current voltage records series DStv

Continuous charge and discharge process namely continuous in time, duty continuously and battery behavior continuously; Wherein battery behavior comprises the continuity that continuity that terminal voltage changes and battery capacity change continuously.The state variation that table 4 is listed does not namely appear in charging and discharging state continuously.In the situation of deficient change with definite state variation of the state variation that checks PWRMOD, CHG, CC, BB, BFULL and BD and Icc, then need to utilize and review data, the Q[3 that has recorded, 4,5] parameter, reviewing scope Q[0] in, from a upper definite variation, be confirmed whether new variation.If the DSti sequence is arranged, then utilize step batten and acknowledging time Q[3] calculate current step, and with the duration greater than Q[3], amplitude of variation is greater than Q[5] initial definite single step of releasing electricity condition sudden change of curent change.If there is not DSti to utilize, then need from a upper definite variation, add the exponential spline parameter fitting in conjunction with the linearity of a upper definite variation and connect new linearity and add exponential spline, at Q[3] suddenly change with the minimum deflection calculating voltage in the official hour scope; If sudden change is greater than Q[4], then confirm new sudden change.No matter be DSti or DStv, data are than both sides Q[3] data mean value in the scope change exceed Q[4] or Q[5] time rejects as unjust data, these data are replenished with the both sides average.Removing data behind the abnormal point recomputates and obtains current change in voltage stable state part.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that changes according to contact potential series DStv in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention and the steady state voltage that draws, wherein 91 1 groups of sequences provide for the contact potential series of charging direction and the corresponding steady state voltage that extracts, 92 1 groups be the contact potential series of course of discharge and the corresponding steady state voltage that extracts.

Previous definite state comprise system start before battery be in nearly 0 power consumption and battery and be in nearly 0 power consumption state when breaking away from, and a rear state comprises that battery that system enters standby or when shutdown is in the state of nearly 0 power consumption, these in stable condition long periods can be directly with the voltage that measures as steady state voltage value.When not having previous definite state, new records series begins state variation one time.The sudden change of new discharge condition determine and unjust data reject need to be accumulated to the data both sides and have above Q[3] data after carry out.Only add exponential spline as one section linearity during data deficiencies and carry out match, calculating voltage stable state changing unit.Current charging and discharging state exceeds Q[0 writing time] time, the no record of listing except corresponding table 5 is worth the data of state, and remainder data discharges and recharges the record storage as history.

5. the expression of load characteristic

The metering method of this preferred electric quantity of lithium battery is divided into load the parallel connection of steady resistance, constant current and three types of permanent power, derivation during with each type load discharge the battery terminal voltage voltage change ratio and the relation of OCV voltage as 3 SPL of discharge curve, then the Projective decomposition of the discharge curve of a reality on the XY plane become load characteristic expression to 3 battens.

Its velocity of discharge of steady resistance load is directly proportional with cell voltage, and its rate of change of expressing on the XY plane is consistent with profile and the OCV-SOC curve of the projection discharge curve CRP of SOC, can be turned clockwise take Y as axle 90 ° by the OCV-SOC curve to obtain.Rotating to the XY plane after the projection SPL CCP of Constant Current Load discharge is negated by the slope curve of OCV-SOC obtains.The projection splines CPP of constant power load discharge is derived by the projection splines of Constant Current Load discharge and the reciprocal multiplication of OCV-SOC curve.Than the linear stretch of heavy load correspondence along directions X, otherwise along X-direction Y-axis linear compression.The schematic diagram of above each bar curve can be referring to shown in Figure 5,

Carry out the load characteristic assessment and need to suppose that load characteristic is stable in certain hour, can in the DStv in Ψ space record, seek long and more stable sequence, calculate the discharge batten vector Γ (P that is expressed as 3 spliness after it is projected to the XY plane, C, R) [n], wherein n represents certain default load variations.Each Γ vector correspondence a center discharge curve υ on the α face under a kind of condition; The collection of a plurality of υ curves that particular system has forms Υ (υ) discharge curve bunch.

6. estimate the method for continuation of the journey

Need to suppose that ensuing loading condition remains unchanged when estimating cruising time, perhaps following with default mode varying duty.Figure 10 is according to utilizing the expection discharge curve estimation schematic diagram in cruising time in the metering method of the preferred electric quantity of lithium battery of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 10, when estimating cruising time at first according to current discharge curve υ and and the default variation pattern of system, select an electric batten vector Γ of putting expection, but then utilize Γ to generate the discharge curve γ of current phase.This curve is used for the variation of predict future sparking voltage, and gamma curve projects to the XZ plane, obtains the relation of voltage rate of change and cell voltage from current time.This cell voltage and cell voltage change rate curve are the time domain discrete differential equation that cell voltage changes, find the solution from the current voltage to VOFF between, the merchant of every adjacent 2 voltage drop and voltage change ratio with namely obtain expecting cruising time.

7. electric weight is exported the method for modifying of data

Electrical parameter in the voltameter output data does not occur should not occur and charging, the inconsistent variation of discharge trend simultaneously fast because of load changing yet.Approach when being full of and then need the coupled system other parts to do well-meaning exaggerative and conservative processing during near minimum operating voltage.The condition of 8 electrical parameters listing in the table 3 and whether applicable 3 kinds of method of modifying and use sees Table 5.

Output data and method of modifying thereof in the metering method of this preferred embodiment of table 5

Electrical parameter	Smoothly	Dull	The well-meaning expression modified
				Qc, aQc remain chemical electric weight	√	√	Be shown as the expansion capacity when adopting JEITA/BJA
Qcr, aQcr relative surplus chemistry electric weight	√	√	Approach when being full of by around with show the expansion capacity
				Qcv, the aQcv chemical capacity	-	Monotone decreasing	-
Qa, aQa remains available power	√	-	√
				Qar, the relative available power of aQar	√	-	Approach and to be full of and during near minimum voltage available
Qav, aQav available power capacity	-	-	-
				Ta, aTa estimates cruising time	√	-	During near minimum voltage available
Tav expresses available power cruising time	-	-	-

On the 6 applicable individual electric weight and parameter that these 3 kinds of method of modifying are applied in order that tabular goes out, the data after the processing namely in upper the showing symbol with the data of " a " prefix.Except Qcv, all the other 5 parameters all are summed up as the modification to steady state voltage Vs.Data before A modifies and modify after data only need to preserve Q[6] historical data in the official hour window is with reviewing in calculating.The below illustrates respectively 3 kinds of method of modifying:

1. level and smooth

As the Q[6 that sets] greater than Q[3] time, Q[0 in the scope is reviewed in inspection] in whether arranged greater than Q[3 the duration], changes in amplitude surpasses Q[4,5] saltus step, when perhaps having the indication of charging and discharging state parameter to change the charging and discharging state variation, to press respectively Q[6 before and after this bound-time] the level and smooth modification output of the level and smooth generation of official hour.Then level and smooth by the actual data duration when not enough.

Because need Q[3] time assert sudden change, the Q[3 after the sudden change that can assert occurs] in data by the front Q[3 of this sudden change] data smoothing in the time.

2. dull

Whether the data of the level and smooth modification of inspection warp conform to charging or discharge condition with the change direction between current output data, only utilize new data replacement when conforming to.The change direction of voltage is to rise when for example charging, and the change direction when not charging is to descend.Qcv then just descends.

3. well-meaning the expression modified

When adopting the JEITA/BJA suggestion to enlarge end of charge voltage, permission Qc and Qcr are shown as above nominal or surpass relative 100% aQc and aQcr.

With the smoothingtime Q[6 that gathers] in minimum voltage mV approach minimum voltage available VOFF to Q[7] after the scope of regulation, the modification of Qar to aQar and Ta to aTa be namely along with it approaches degree, to the calculating of electrical parameter progressively with the alternative steady state voltage of minimum voltage.

Figure 11 expresses the schematic diagram of modifying according to the good will during near minimum operating voltage in the computing method of the preferred battery electric quantity of the embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 11, this algorithm adopts point corresponding to mV at Q[7] in the scope near the close Vs of proportional linearity ground decision aVs of two end points or the degree of mV.When mV has just entered Q[7] approach in the scope time, the aVs value level and smooth and the dull Vs that processes of learning from else's experience; When the close VOFF of mV, aVs is near the mV value.Therefore the mV value is not carried out smoothly, but when cell voltage during near minimum operating voltage, the relative available power of voltameter and cruising time are exported the variation with abundant reflected load situation, and transfers to the most abominable situation and estimating.The computing formula that approaches rear aVs is F3:

Formula F 3:abs=Vs (mV-VOFF)/Q[7]+mV (Q[7]-mV+VOFF)/Q[7]

8. battery applications method of evaluating characteristic

There are 3 to be the capacity parameter of voltameter in 8 parameters in the cell evaluation parameter, 5 parameters of obtaining for self-calibration process.The variation of these parameters in using history namely supervised and reported to the battery applications evaluating characteristics.Wherein the CRR parameter of segmentation at first will be calculated specific discharge capacity and the charge ratio capacity of each section, i.e. corresponding charging or the discharge charge amount of every variation 1V when when charging or discharge in the specific voltage section, and the ratio of getting both is electric charge recurrence rate CRR.

In the battery electric quantity metering method and calculation element of the present embodiment, the record cell voltage changes and calculating SOC in battery steady state voltage Vs, steady state voltage rate of change dVs and full level SOC three-dimensional orthogonal space Σ; Review cell voltage record and/or current sequence, seek qualified catastrophe point as Seed Sequences, utilize Seed Sequences calibration voltameter calculating parameter; In three-dimensional orthogonal space Σ, calculate cruising time; Utilize ohmic load batten, Constant Current Load batten and constant power load batten in the three-dimensional orthogonal space Σ to describe load characteristic; Measure the method for relative chemical capacity when when charging, measuring chemical capacity, discharge; Utilize the electric weight recurrence rate to express the battery electric quantity utilization factor, and describe on this basis battery balanced effect.

By above technical scheme, can realize that data sample is clear, hardware model is simple; Realize simply, both be fit to parasitic voltameter, also be fit to independent voltameter; Clear and definite application oriented design, but the complete cutting of parameter; Do not rely on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integral unit, the technique effect that cost is low, power consumption is little.

Use technical scheme of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is based on the scheme that the stable state that normalizes to single battery changes voltage Vs, voltage stable state rate of change dVs and electric weight full level SOC relation.This scheme with steady state voltage rate of change Vs as index, be designated as positive rate of change in battery steady state voltage rate of change dVs(discharge, be charged as negative rate of change), determine battery charging/discharging characteristic and parameter in the three dimensions Σ of battery stable state terminal voltage, battery full level SOC, be based on the algorithm design of host system computing power, be not based on accumulative total charge/discharge electricity amount integration design, do not require the specific hardware support, cost is low, power consumption is little, and the parameter of complete facing to the applied demand is provided.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into respectively each integrated circuit modules, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.

The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. the metering method of an electric quantity of lithium battery is characterized in that, comprising:

Obtain the cell voltage sequence samples;

From described cell voltage sequence samples, extract stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to described stable state cell voltage;

Utilize described stable state cell voltage and described voltage change ratio to inquire about in the first three-dimensional storage space as index and draw corresponding battery full level, wherein, store first surface in the described first three-dimensional storage space, described first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

2. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, extracts the stable state cell voltage and comprise from described cell voltage sequence samples:

Reject the voltage data of the unjust point in the described cell voltage sequence, will be centered by this unjust some the average voltage in the predetermined amount of time of interval as the magnitude of voltage of this unjust point;

Obtain the stable state cell voltage take the cell voltage sequence of rejecting after the unjust point voltage data as basic calculation.

3. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that, definite step of the unjust point in the described cell voltage sequence comprises:

The mean value of calculating interval magnitude of voltage in the schedule time centered by the first voltage data point, and calculating the difference of magnitude of voltage and the described mean value of described the first voltage data point, wherein said the first voltage data point is the data point in the described cell voltage sequence samples;

Judge whether described difference exceeds predetermined threshold value, when described difference during greater than described predetermined threshold value, determine that described the first voltage data point is unjust point.

4. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is utilizing described stable state cell voltage and described voltage change ratio also to comprise inquire about corresponding battery full level in the first three-dimensional storage space as index after:

According to the loading condition calculating expection cruising time of current discharge curve and expectation.

5. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that, expects according to the loading condition calculating of current discharge curve and expectation to comprise cruising time:

Select discharge batten vector according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation;

Utilize described discharge batten vector to generate the expection discharge curve;

The corresponding relation that utilizes cell voltage and cell voltage rate of change in the described expection discharge curve calculates described expection cruising time by the voltage drop value at consecutive number strong point.

6. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described discharge batten vector comprises the splines that is expressed as steadying resistance discharge, constant-current discharge, three kinds of electric discharge types of permanent power discharge under the default loading condition.

7. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises calculate expection cruising time according to the loading condition of current discharge curve and expectation after:

The metering result of output voltameter, this metering result comprises following at least one: the battery full level, expect cruising time.

8. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises before the metering result of output voltameter:

Described metering result is carried out data modifier, and described method of carrying out the data decorations comprises following at least a: described metering result is carried out smoothing processing, described metering result is carried out the dullness modification, described metering result is carried out good will expression modification.

9. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises before obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples:

The battery status parameter that can provide in the application system at described lithium battery place is provided, and utilize described battery status parameter that described first surface is carried out initialization, described battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: external power supply state, charging circuit start mark, battery balanced mark, bearing power pattern, battery continuation state, constant current state mark, real time charging electric current, charging current sequence, temperature range mark, battery and are full of mark, voltameter time, cell voltage sequence.

10. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises after obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples:

Utilize described cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter;

Use described kind of subparameter that described first surface is carried out self calibration.

11. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 10 is characterized in that, uses described kind of subparameter that described first surface is carried out self calibration and comprises:

Obtain the first surface of storage in the described first three-dimensional storage space, and with this first surface as the bait curved surface;

Use described kind of subparameter that described bait curved surface is carried out the Fitting Calculation, utilize the parameter value of bait curved surface on index position after the Fitting Calculation to generate new curved surface, with the first surface of newly-generated curved surface after as self calibration.

12. the metering method of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 10 is characterized in that, utilizes described cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate and comprises:

Determine the trend of voltage up-down according to described cell voltage sequence;

Utilize the straight line basis function that described cell voltage sequence is carried out match according to described trend, obtain the fitting a straight line basis function;

In described fitting a straight line basis function, search the point of linking appearance sudden change as the kind child node of calibration modified tone rate;

Utilize the magnitude of voltage of the straight line basis function of described kind of child node both sides to calculate described modified tone rate.

13. the measuring apparatus of an electric quantity of lithium battery is characterized in that, comprising:

The contact potential series acquisition module is used for obtaining the cell voltage sequence samples;

The steady state voltage extraction module is used for extracting stable state cell voltage and voltage change ratio corresponding to described stable state cell voltage from described cell voltage sequence samples;

Battery full level enquiry module, being used for battery electric quantity utilizes described stable state cell voltage and described voltage change ratio to inquire about the battery full level that draws correspondence as index in the first three-dimensional storage space, wherein, storage first surface in the described first three-dimensional storage space, described first surface is the corresponding relation curved surface of stable state cell voltage, battery steady state voltage rate of change, battery full level.

14. the measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises:

Cruising time, prediction module was used for the loading condition calculating expection cruising time according to current discharge curve and expectation.

15. the measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises:

The first surface initialization module, be used for to determine the battery status parameter that the application system at described lithium battery place can provide, and utilize described battery status parameter that described first surface is carried out initialization, described battery status parameter comprises with lower one or more: external power supply state, charging circuit start mark, battery balanced mark, bearing power pattern, battery continuation state, constant current state mark, real time charging electric current, charging current sequence, temperature range mark, battery and are full of mark, voltameter time, cell voltage sequence.

16. the measuring apparatus of electric quantity of lithium battery according to claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises:

First surface self calibration module is used for utilizing described cell voltage sequence to calculate the modified tone rate, should the modified tone rate as kind of a subparameter; Use described kind of subparameter that described first surface is carried out self calibration.

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