CN103022719A - Vehicle-borne STOM (satcom on the move) array antenna with gain increased by lightweight dielectric lens - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线。由N×M个结构相同的方形喇叭天线组成；每个喇叭天线馈电口处通过极化分离器将接收到的垂直、水平极化信号分离；两个输出端口分别通过各自波导连接到水平、垂直极化功分网络；两个功分网络在天线板两端分别通过波导旋转关节与各自的双工器相连；输入端分别通过波导与发射极化控制器相连；发射信号TX通过发射波导关节后输入到发射极化控制器；两个双工器的输出端分别通过波导与接收合路器相连，合路器输出信号RX到低噪声下变频器模块；每个方形喇叭天线口径处均覆盖有介质栅板和抛物面介质透镜。采用ABS注塑工艺和介质透镜，减少了动中通阵列天线的重量，增加了天线的增益。

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna which uses a light-weight dielectric lens to increase gain. It consists of N×M square horn antennas with the same structure; each horn antenna feed port separates the received vertical and horizontal polarization signals through a polarization separator; the two output ports are respectively connected to the horizontal, Vertically polarized power distribution network; two power distribution networks are connected to their respective duplexers through waveguide rotary joints at both ends of the antenna board; the input ends are respectively connected to the transmit polarization controller through waveguides; the transmit signal TX passes through the transmit waveguide joints After that, it is input to the transmitting polarization controller; the output ends of the two duplexers are respectively connected to the receiving combiner through the waveguide, and the output signal RX of the combiner is sent to the low-noise down-converter module; each square horn antenna aperture is covered There are dielectric grids and parabolic dielectric lenses. ABS injection molding process and dielectric lens are used to reduce the weight of the mobile communication array antenna and increase the gain of the antenna.

Description

Translated fromChinese

使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线Vehicle-in-motion array antenna with increased gain by using light dielectric lens

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及车载动中通阵列，具体涉及一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线。The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted mobile communication array, in particular to a vehicle-mounted mobile communication array antenna which uses a light dielectric lens to increase gain.

背景技术Background technique

动中通系统是“移动中的卫星地面站通信系统”的简称，通过动中通系统，车辆、轮船以及飞机等可以在运动中与卫星进行实时通信，不间断地发送数据、图像等多媒体信息，可以满足各种军用民用应急通信和移动条件下的通信需求。由于动中通系统是与卫星进行通信，所以它需要高增益、高指向性的天线，另外，由于动中通系统是安装在移动的平台上，所以它需要重量更轻的天线。The mobile communication system is the abbreviation of "moving satellite ground station communication system". Through the mobile communication system, vehicles, ships and aircrafts can communicate with satellites in real time while in motion, and continuously send multimedia information such as data and images. , can meet various military and civilian emergency communications and communication requirements under mobile conditions. Since the mobile communication system communicates with satellites, it requires high-gain, high-directivity antennas. In addition, since the mobile communication system is installed on a mobile platform, it requires a lighter weight antenna.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了满足动中通系统对于天线的高增益、高指向性以及轻质的要求，本发明的目的在于提供了一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线。In order to meet the high gain, high directivity and lightweight requirements of the mobile communication system for the antenna, the object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle mobile communication array antenna that uses a lightweight dielectric lens to increase the gain.

为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

本发明的车载动中通阵列天线由N×M个结构相同的方形喇叭天线组成；每个喇叭天线馈电口处通过一个极化分离器将方形喇叭天线接收到的垂直极化信号和水平极化信号分离；极化分离器两个输出端口分别通过各自波导连接到水平极化功分网络和垂直极化功分网络；N×M个方形喇叭天线、N×M个极化分离器、水平极化功分网络、垂直极化功分网络组成一块天线板，天线板的内外表面镀有金属膜；所述两个功分网络在天线板两端分别通过波导旋转关节与各自的双工器相连；两个双工器的输入端分别通过波导与发射极化控制器相连；发射信号TX通过发射波导关节后输入到发射极化控制器；两个双工器的输出端分别通过波导与接收合路器相连，合路器输出信号RX到低噪声下变频器模块；该动中通阵列天线的每个方形喇叭天线口径处均覆盖有一层介质栅板；介质栅板上方覆盖一块抛物面介质透镜；介质透镜和介质栅板使用四个安装在方形喇叭天线方形口径角上的十字形塑料栓固定。The vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna of the present invention is made up of N×M square horn antennas with the same structure; each horn antenna feeding port places the vertically polarized signal received by the square horn antenna and the horizontal polarized signal through a polarization separator. polarization signal separation; the two output ports of the polarization splitter are respectively connected to the horizontal polarization power distribution network and the vertical polarization power distribution network through respective waveguides; N×M square horn antennas, N×M polarization separators, horizontal The polarized power subnetwork and the vertically polarized power subnetwork form an antenna board, and the inner and outer surfaces of the antenna board are coated with metal film; the two power subnetworks pass through the waveguide rotary joint and the respective duplexers at both ends of the antenna board, respectively. The input terminals of the two duplexers are respectively connected to the transmitting polarization controller through the waveguide; the transmitting signal TX is input to the transmitting polarization controller after passing through the transmitting waveguide joint; the output terminals of the two duplexers are connected to the receiving polarization controller through the waveguide respectively. The combiner is connected, and the output signal RX of the combiner is sent to the low-noise down-converter module; each square horn antenna aperture of the mobile communication array antenna is covered with a dielectric grid; the dielectric grid is covered with a parabolic dielectric lens ; The dielectric lens and dielectric grid are fixed using four cross-shaped plastic bolts mounted on the corners of the square aperture of the square horn antenna.

所述介质栅板为PP材料，其大小与方形喇叭天线的口径大小相同，介质栅板上均匀分布有直径为1毫米的孔。The dielectric grid is made of PP material, and its size is the same as the diameter of the square horn antenna. Holes with a diameter of 1 mm are evenly distributed on the dielectric grid.

所述介质透镜为PP材料，与介质栅板接触的一面是平面，相对的另外一面为抛物面。The dielectric lens is made of PP material, one side in contact with the dielectric grid plate is a plane, and the opposite side is a paraboloid.

本发明具有的有益效果是：The beneficial effects that the present invention has are:

1、本发明采用ABS注塑工艺和介质透镜，减少了动中通阵列天线的重量，增加了天线的增益，实现了一种高增益、高指向性、轻质的动中通阵列天线。1. The present invention adopts ABS injection molding process and dielectric lens, which reduces the weight of the communication-in-motion array antenna, increases the gain of the antenna, and realizes a high-gain, high-directivity, light-weight communication-in-motion array antenna.

2、本发明结构简单，加工方便。2. The present invention has simple structure and convenient processing.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的原理框图；Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;

图2是本发明的整体结构图；Fig. 2 is the overall structural diagram of the present invention;

图3是本发明中4×4个阵列天线视图；Fig. 3 is a view of 4 * 4 array antennas in the present invention;

图4是本发明中单个方形喇叭天线视图；Fig. 4 is single square horn antenna view among the present invention;

图5是本发明中方形喇叭天线的剖视图；Fig. 5 is the sectional view of square horn antenna among the present invention;

图6是十字形塑料栓的结构图；Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a cross-shaped plastic plug;

图中：1、天线板，2、波导旋转关节，3、波导，4、低噪声下变频器，5、合路器，6、双工器，7、发射波导关节，8、极化控制器，9、方形喇叭天线，10、介质透镜，11、极化分离器，12、水平极化功分网络，13、垂直极化功分网络，14、十字形塑料栓，15、介质栅板。 In the figure: 1. Antenna board, 2. Waveguide rotary joint, 3. Waveguide, 4. Low-noise downconverter, 5. Combiner, 6. Duplexer, 7. Transmitting waveguide joint, 8. Polarization controller , 9, square horn antenna, 10, dielectric lens, 11, polarization separator, 12, horizontal polarization power distribution network, 13, vertical polarization power distribution network, 14, cross-shaped plastic plug, 15, dielectric grid. the

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

如图1、图2、图3所示，本发明的车载动中通阵列天线由N×M个结构相同的方形喇叭天线9组成，N与M可以相同或不相同个数，图3中为4×4个；每个喇叭天线馈电口处通过一个极化分离器11将方形喇叭天线接收到的垂直极化信号和水平极化信号分离；极化分离器11两个输出端口分别通过各自波导3连接到水平极化功分网络12和垂直极化功分网络13；N×M个方形喇叭天线9、N×M个极化分离器11、水平极化功分网络12、垂直极化功分网络13组成一块天线板1，天线板采用轻质注塑加工，内外表面镀有金属膜；所述两个功分网络在天线板两端分别通过波导旋转关节2与各自的双工器6相连；两个双工器的输入端分别通过波导与发射极化控制器8相连；发射信号TX通过发射波导关节7后输入到发射极化控制器8；两个双工器的输出端分别通过波导与接收合路器5相连，合路器输出信号RX到低噪声下变频器（LNB）模块4；如图4、图5所示，该动中通阵列天线的每个方形喇叭天线口径处均覆盖有一层介质栅板15；介质栅板上方覆盖一块抛物面介质透镜10；介质透镜10和介质栅板15使用四个安装在方形喇叭天线方形口径角上的十字形塑料栓14固定；如图6所示，十字形塑料栓14中心有一螺丝孔，用以固定十字形塑料栓14。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the vehicle-mounted communication array antenna in motion of the present invention is made up of N * Msquare horn antennas 9 with the same structure, and N and M can be the same or different in number, as shown in Fig. 3 4 × 4; each horn antenna feeding port through apolarization separator 11 to separate the vertical polarization signal and the horizontal polarization signal received by the square horn antenna; the two output ports of thepolarization separator 11 respectively through their respective Thewaveguide 3 is connected to the horizontal polarizationpower distribution network 12 and the vertical polarizationpower distribution network 13; N×Msquare horn antennas 9, N×M polarization separators 11, the horizontal polarizationpower distribution network 12, the vertical polarization Thepower distribution network 13 forms an antenna board 1. The antenna board is processed by light injection molding, and the inner and outer surfaces are coated with metal films; connected; the input terminals of the two duplexers are respectively connected to thetransmission polarization controller 8 through the waveguide; the transmission signal TX is input to thetransmission polarization controller 8 after passing through thetransmission waveguide joint 7; the output terminals of the two duplexers are respectively passed through The waveguide is connected to thereceiving combiner 5, and the output signal RX of the combiner is sent to the low-noise down-converter (LNB)module 4; Both are covered with a layer ofdielectric grid 15; a parabolicdielectric lens 10 is covered above the dielectric grid; thedielectric lens 10 and thedielectric grid 15 are fixed with four cross-shapedplastic bolts 14 installed on the square aperture corners of the square horn antenna; as shown As shown in 6, there is a screw hole in the center of the cross-shapedplastic bolt 14 for fixing the cross-shapedplastic bolt 14.

如图5所示，所述介质栅板为PP（聚丙烯）材料，其大小与方形喇叭天线的口径大小相同，介质栅板上均匀分布有直径为1毫米的孔。As shown in FIG. 5 , the dielectric grid is made of PP (polypropylene) material, and its size is the same as the diameter of the square horn antenna. Holes with a diameter of 1 mm are evenly distributed on the dielectric grid.

如图5所示，所述介质透镜为PP材料，与介质栅板接触的一面是平面，相对的另外一面为抛物面。As shown in FIG. 5 , the dielectric lens is made of PP material, one side in contact with the dielectric grid plate is a plane, and the opposite side is a paraboloid.

本发明的工作原理如下：The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

方形喇叭天线9组成的阵列可以形成高指向性、高增益的波束。The array composed ofsquare horn antennas 9 can form beams with high directivity and high gain.

方形喇叭天线9的口径处电磁波的电场分布呈曲面状，口径处的电磁波经过介质透镜10后，曲面状的电场分布变成平面状，因此方形喇叭天线9的增益得到增强；在设计介质透镜10的抛物面弧度时，首先要根据方形喇叭天线9的长度以及口径大小确定天线的辐射中心，然后将抛物面的焦点定在辐射中心进行设计。The electric field distribution of the electromagnetic wave at the aperture place of thesquare horn antenna 9 is curved, and after the electromagnetic wave at the aperture passes through thedielectric lens 10, the curved electric field distribution becomes planar, so the gain of thesquare horn antenna 9 is enhanced; when designing thedielectric lens 10 During the radian of the parabola, at first the radiation center of the antenna should be determined according to the length and aperture of thesquare horn antenna 9, and then the focus of the parabola should be fixed on the radiation center for design.

由于介质透镜10与空气之间存在一个交界面，这会影响方形喇叭天线的驻波比，所以在介质透镜与空气之间增加一层介质栅板15来改善方形喇叭天线9的驻波比。Since there is an interface between thedielectric lens 10 and the air, which will affect the standing wave ratio of the square horn antenna, a layer ofdielectric grid 15 is added between the dielectric lens and the air to improve the standing wave ratio of thesquare horn antenna 9 .

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增的车载动中通阵列天线，其特征在于：车载动中通阵列天线由N×M个结构相同的方形喇叭天线组成；每个喇叭天线馈电口处通过一个极化分离器将方形喇叭天线接收到的垂直极化信号和水平极化信号分离；极化分离器两个输出端口分别通过各自波导连接到水平极化功分网络和垂直极化功分网络；N×M个方形喇叭天线、N×M个极化分离器、水平极化功分网络、垂直极化功分网络组成一块天线板，天线板的内外表面镀有金属膜；所述两个功分网络在天线板两端分别通过波导旋转关节与各自的双工器相连；两个双工器的输入端分别通过波导与发射极化控制器相连；发射信号TX通过发射波导关节后输入到发射极化控制器；两个双工器的输出端分别通过波导与接收合路器相连，合路器输出信号RX到低噪声下变频器模块；该动中通阵列天线的每个方形喇叭天线口径处均覆盖有一层介质栅板；介质栅板上方覆盖一块抛物面介质透镜；介质透镜和介质栅板使用四个安装在方形喇叭天线方形口径角上的十字形塑料栓固定。1. A vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna that uses a lightweight dielectric lens to increase the increase, is characterized in that: the vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna is made up of N×M square horn antennas with the same structure; The vertically polarized signal received by the square horn antenna is separated from the horizontally polarized signal through a polarization separator; the two output ports of the polarization separator are respectively connected to the horizontal polarization power division network and the vertical polarization power division network through their respective waveguides. network; N×M square horn antennas, N×M polarization splitters, horizontally polarized power sub-networks, and vertically polarized power sub-networks form an antenna board, and the inner and outer surfaces of the antenna board are coated with a metal film; the two The two ends of the antenna board are respectively connected to the respective duplexers through the waveguide rotary joint; the input ends of the two duplexers are respectively connected to the transmission polarization controller through the waveguide; the transmission signal TX is input after passing through the transmission waveguide joint. to the transmitting polarization controller; the output ends of the two duplexers are respectively connected to the receiving combiner through waveguides, and the output signal RX of the combiner is sent to the low-noise down-converter module; each square horn of the moving-in-pass array antenna The antenna aperture is covered with a layer of dielectric grid; the dielectric grid is covered with a parabolic dielectric lens; the dielectric lens and the dielectric grid are fixed by four cross-shaped plastic bolts installed on the corners of the square aperture of the square horn antenna.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线，其特征在于：所述介质栅板为PP材料，其大小与方形喇叭天线的口径大小相同，介质栅板上均匀分布有直径为1毫米的孔。2. A vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna using a lightweight dielectric lens to increase gain according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric grid plate is made of PP material, and its size is the same as that of the square horn antenna. Holes with a diameter of 1 mm are uniformly distributed on the dielectric grid.3.根据权利要求1所述的一种使用轻质介质透镜提高增益的车载动中通阵列天线，其特征在于：所述介质透镜为PP材料，与介质栅板接触的一面是平面，相对的另外一面为抛物面。3. A vehicle-mounted communication-in-motion array antenna using a lightweight dielectric lens to increase gain according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric lens is made of PP material, and the side in contact with the dielectric grid plate is a plane, and the opposite side The other side is a paraboloid.

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