技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种冷热刀。The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and more specifically, relates to a hot and cold knife.
背景技术Background technique
目前，人们的生活环境不断恶化，恶性肿瘤的发病率不断提高，且呈现年轻化的趋势。传统的手术切除，创伤大，出血多，病人恢复慢，住院时间比较长。放疗和化疗在杀伤癌细胞的同时，也将正常细胞和免疫细胞一同杀灭。传统疗法不仅成功率不高，而且严重影响病人的正常生活，大部分人丧失劳动能力。At present, people's living environment continues to deteriorate, the incidence of malignant tumors continues to increase, and presents a younger trend. Traditional surgical resection involves large trauma, heavy bleeding, slow recovery and long hospital stay. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy kill cancer cells as well as normal cells and immune cells. Traditional therapy not only has a low success rate, but also seriously affects the normal life of patients, and most people lose their ability to work.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种冷热刀，以实现减小对病人的创伤，且适用于治疗不同时期的肿瘤。In view of this, the present invention provides a cold and hot knife to reduce trauma to the patient and is suitable for treating tumors in different stages.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种冷热刀，包括：由刀柄、刀杆和刀壳组成的本体、绝热套、刀头、第一热电偶、射频热疗天线、液氮管、液氮喷嘴和气体回流腔；其中：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a cold and hot knife, including: a body composed of a handle, a knife rod and a knife case, a heat insulating sleeve, a knife head, a first thermocouple, and a radio frequency thermotherapy antenna , liquid nitrogen pipe, liquid nitrogen nozzle and gas return chamber; where:
所述刀壳环绕于所述刀杆和所述刀头的外围；The knife shell surrounds the periphery of the knife rod and the knife head;
所述刀杆一端与所述刀柄连接，另一端与所述刀头连接；One end of the knife rod is connected to the knife handle, and the other end is connected to the knife head;
所述液氮管位于所述刀杆内；The liquid nitrogen tube is located in the cutter bar;
所述液氮喷嘴一端与所述液氮管连接，另一端位于所述刀头内；One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle is connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe, and the other end is located in the cutter head;
所述绝热套镶嵌于所述刀杆非治疗段的内围；The heat insulating sleeve is embedded in the inner periphery of the non-treatment section of the knife rod;
所述液氮管与所述镶嵌在所述刀杆内围的绝热套形成的空闲空间为气体回流腔；The free space formed by the liquid nitrogen tube and the heat insulating sleeve embedded in the inner periphery of the cutter bar is a gas return cavity;
所述射频热疗天线从所述刀头中穿出一部分；The radio frequency hyperthermia antenna passes through a part of the cutter head;
所述第一热电偶设置于所述刀头内。The first thermocouple is arranged in the cutter head.
优选地，所述冷热刀还包括第二热电偶和加热丝；其中：Preferably, the hot and cold knife also includes a second thermocouple and a heating wire; wherein:
所述第二热电偶设于所述绝热套上；The second thermocouple is arranged on the heat insulating sleeve;
所述加热丝镶嵌于所述绝热套的外围。The heating wire is inlaid on the periphery of the heat insulating sleeve.
优选地，所述液氮管为一根或一根以上。Preferably, there is one or more than one liquid nitrogen tube.
优选地，所述液氮管为钛合金管。Preferably, the liquid nitrogen tube is a titanium alloy tube.
优选地，所述刀柄由聚四氟乙烯或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物制成。Preferably, the handle is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
优选地，所述射频热疗天线由钛合金或铜合金制成。Preferably, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna is made of titanium alloy or copper alloy.
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本发明公开的一种冷热刀，通过采用射频热疗天线对肿瘤组织进行加热，与传统的氦气加热相比，射频热疗天线能够把肿瘤组织加热到更高的温度，且由于射频热疗天线的波长较长，对组织的穿透能力强，热量能够渗透到更深的肿瘤组织，因此能够起到更好的治疗效果；同时，采用液氮对肿瘤组织进行冷冻治疗时，在冷热刀的非治疗段通过在刀杆内围镶嵌绝热套，可以有效的减少液氮管与刀杆外围的热交换，从而有效的减少了液氮到达有效治疗段的气化，也保护了冷热刀非治疗段周围的组织不被冻伤，使得手术的创伤小、无副作用、费用低、恢复快、无需住院、能够随治随走。It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical scheme that a kind of cold and hot knife disclosed by the present invention heats the tumor tissue by using the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna. Compared with the traditional helium heating, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna can heat the tumor tissue to Higher temperature, and due to the longer wavelength of the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna, the penetration ability to the tissue is strong, and the heat can penetrate deeper into the tumor tissue, so it can achieve a better therapeutic effect; at the same time, the use of liquid nitrogen to treat the tumor When the tissue undergoes cryotherapy, in the non-treatment section of the hot and cold knife, an insulating sleeve is embedded in the inner periphery of the knife rod, which can effectively reduce the heat exchange between the liquid nitrogen tube and the periphery of the knife rod, thereby effectively reducing the amount of liquid nitrogen reaching the effective treatment section. The gasification also protects the tissue around the non-treatment section of the hot and cold knife from frostbite, making the operation less traumatic, no side effects, low cost, quick recovery, no need for hospitalization, and can be taken away with treatment.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明实施例公开的一种冷热刀的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cold and hot knife disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明另一实施例公开的一种冷热刀的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hot and cold knife disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例公开了一种冷热刀，以实现减小对病人的创伤，且适用于治疗不同时期的肿瘤。The embodiment of the invention discloses a hot and cold knife to reduce the trauma to the patient and is suitable for treating tumors in different stages.
如图1所示，一种冷热刀，包括：由刀柄101、刀杆102和刀壳103组成的本体、绝热套104、刀头105、第一热电偶106、射频热疗天线107、液氮管108、液氮喷嘴109和气体回流腔110；其中：As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hot and cold knife comprises: the body that is made up of knife handle 101, knife bar 102 and knife shell 103, heat-insulating cover 104, knife head 105, first thermocouple 106, radio frequency thermotherapy antenna 107, Liquid nitrogen pipe 108, liquid nitrogen nozzle 109 and gas return chamber 110; wherein:
刀壳103环绕于刀杆102和刀头105的外围；The cutter housing 103 surrounds the periphery of the cutter bar 102 and the cutter head 105;
刀杆102一端与刀柄101连接，另一端与刀头105连接；One end of the cutter bar 102 is connected with the handle 101, and the other end is connected with the cutter head 105;
液氮管108位于刀杆102内；The liquid nitrogen pipe 108 is located in the cutter bar 102;
液氮喷嘴109一端与液氮管108连接，另一端位于刀头105内；One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 109 is connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe 108, and the other end is located in the cutter head 105;
绝热套104镶嵌于刀杆102非治疗段的内围；The heat insulating sleeve 104 is embedded in the inner periphery of the non-treatment section of the cutter bar 102;
液氮管108与镶嵌在刀杆102内围的绝热套104形成的空闲空间为气体回流腔110；The free space formed by the liquid nitrogen pipe 108 and the heat insulating sleeve 104 embedded in the inner periphery of the cutter bar 102 is the gas return cavity 110;
射频热疗天线107从刀头105中穿出一部分；A part of the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna 107 passes through the cutter head 105;
第一热电偶106设置于刀头105内。The first thermocouple 106 is disposed in the cutter head 105 .
具体的，冷热刀中的液氮管可以为一根也可以为一根以上。Specifically, the liquid nitrogen tube in the hot and cold knife can be one or more than one.
具体的，液氮管为钛合金管。Specifically, the liquid nitrogen tube is a titanium alloy tube.
具体的，刀柄由聚四氟乙烯或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物制成。Specifically, the knife handle is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
具体的，射频热疗天线由钛合金或铜合金制成。Specifically, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna is made of titanium alloy or copper alloy.
在上述实施例中，在进行冷疗时，开始液氮由液氮管108流向液氮喷嘴109，液氮由液氮喷嘴109喷到气体回流腔110，液氮迅速气化，氮气由气体回流腔110流回。由于气化后的氮气温度非常低，有效治疗段（刀杆中未被绝热套镶嵌的部分）一般在5-30秒内冷冻至-190℃以下，因此，有效治疗段附近的组织被迅速冷冻，且随着冷疗过程的不断进行，冰球不断长大（冰球是以有效治疗段为中心轴向外生成）。刀头105内内置的第一热电偶106实时的反馈刀尖的温度，从而能够实时的对冷疗过程进行控制。In the above embodiment, when performing cold therapy, liquid nitrogen flows from the liquid nitrogen pipe 108 to the liquid nitrogen nozzle 109 at the beginning, and the liquid nitrogen is sprayed from the liquid nitrogen nozzle 109 to the gas return chamber 110, and the liquid nitrogen is vaporized rapidly, and the nitrogen gas is refluxed by the gas Chamber 110 flows back. Due to the very low temperature of nitrogen gas after gasification, the effective treatment section (the part of the cutter bar that is not inlaid with the heat-insulating sleeve) is generally frozen to below -190°C within 5-30 seconds, so the tissue near the effective treatment section is quickly frozen , and as the cold therapy process continues, the ice ball continues to grow (the ice ball is generated outward with the effective treatment segment as the center axis). The first thermocouple 106 built in the cutter head 105 feeds back the temperature of the cutter tip in real time, so that the cold therapy process can be controlled in real time.
在进行热疗时，由射频热疗天线107在冷热刀的到顶端发出波长较长的射频波，激发周围的肿瘤组织中离子震荡产热，使温度升高到有效杀死肿瘤细胞的温度（杀灭恶性肿瘤细胞的最低温度为42℃），并保持一段时间。刀头105内内置的第一热电偶106实时的反馈刀尖的温度，从而能够实时的对冷疗过程进行控制。During hyperthermia, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna 107 emits radio frequency waves with longer wavelengths at the top of the hot and cold knife, which excites the ions in the surrounding tumor tissue to oscillate and generate heat, raising the temperature to a temperature that can effectively kill tumor cells (The lowest temperature for killing malignant tumor cells is 42°C), and keep it for a period of time. The first thermocouple 106 built in the cutter head 105 feeds back the temperature of the cutter tip in real time, so that the cold therapy process can be controlled in real time.
如图2所示，本发明的另一实施例还公开了一种冷热刀，包括：由刀柄201、刀杆202和刀壳203组成的本体、绝热套204、刀头205、第一热电偶206、射频热疗天线207、液氮管208、液氮喷嘴209、气体回流腔210、第二热电偶211和加热丝212；其中：As shown in Figure 2, another embodiment of the present invention also discloses a cold and hot knife, including: a body composed of a knife handle 201, a knife bar 202 and a knife shell 203, a heat insulating sleeve 204, a knife head 205, a first Thermocouple 206, radio frequency hyperthermia antenna 207, liquid nitrogen tube 208, liquid nitrogen nozzle 209, gas return chamber 210, second thermocouple 211 and heating wire 212; wherein:
刀壳203环绕于刀杆202和刀头205的外围；The cutter housing 203 surrounds the periphery of the cutter bar 202 and the cutter head 205;
刀杆202一端与刀柄201连接，另一端与刀头205连接；One end of the cutter bar 202 is connected with the handle 201, and the other end is connected with the cutter head 205;
液氮管208位于刀杆202内；The liquid nitrogen pipe 208 is located in the cutter bar 202;
液氮喷嘴209一端与液氮管208连接，另一端位于刀头205内；One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 209 is connected to the liquid nitrogen pipe 208, and the other end is located in the cutter head 205;
绝热套204镶嵌于刀杆202非治疗段的内围；The heat insulating sleeve 204 is embedded in the inner periphery of the non-treatment section of the cutter bar 202;
液氮管208与镶嵌在刀杆202内围的绝热套204形成的空闲空间为气体回流腔210；The free space formed by the liquid nitrogen pipe 208 and the heat insulating sleeve 204 embedded in the inner periphery of the cutter bar 202 is the gas return cavity 210;
射频热疗天线207从刀头205中穿出一部分；A part of the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna 207 passes through the cutter head 205;
第一热电偶206设置于刀头205内；The first thermocouple 206 is arranged in the cutter head 205;
第二热电偶211设于绝热套204上；The second thermocouple 211 is located on the heat insulating sleeve 204;
加热丝212镶嵌于绝热套204的外围。The heating wire 212 is inlaid on the periphery of the heat insulating sleeve 204 .
具体的，冷热刀中的液氮管可以为一根也可以为一根以上。Specifically, the liquid nitrogen tube in the hot and cold knife can be one or more than one.
具体的，液氮管为钛合金管。Specifically, the liquid nitrogen tube is a titanium alloy tube.
具体的，刀柄由聚四氟乙烯或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物制成。Specifically, the knife handle is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
具体的，射频热疗天线由钛合金或铜合金制成。Specifically, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna is made of titanium alloy or copper alloy.
在上述实施例中，在进行冷疗时，开始液氮由液氮管208流向液氮喷嘴209，液氮由液氮喷嘴209喷到气体回流腔210，液氮迅速气化，氮气由气体回流腔210流回。由于气化后的氮气温度非常低，有效治疗段（刀杆中未被绝热套镶嵌的部分）一般在5-30秒内冷冻至-190℃以下，因此，有效治疗段附近的组织被迅速冷冻，且随着冷疗过程的不断进行，冰球不断长大（冰球是以有效治疗段为中心轴向外生成）。刀头205内内置的第一热电偶206实时的反馈刀尖的温度，从而能够实时的对冷疗过程进行控制。In the above-mentioned embodiment, when performing cold therapy, liquid nitrogen flows from the liquid nitrogen pipe 208 to the liquid nitrogen nozzle 209 at the beginning, and the liquid nitrogen is sprayed from the liquid nitrogen nozzle 209 to the gas return chamber 210, the liquid nitrogen is vaporized rapidly, and the nitrogen gas is refluxed by the gas Cavity 210 flows back. Due to the very low temperature of nitrogen gas after gasification, the effective treatment section (the part of the cutter bar that is not inlaid with the heat-insulating sleeve) is generally frozen to below -190°C within 5-30 seconds, so the tissue near the effective treatment section is quickly frozen , and as the cold therapy process continues, the ice ball continues to grow (the ice ball is generated outward with the effective treatment segment as the center axis). The first thermocouple 206 built in the cutter head 205 feeds back the temperature of the cutter tip in real time, so that the cold therapy process can be controlled in real time.
在进行热疗时，由射频热疗天线207在冷热刀的到顶端发出波长较长的射频波，激发周围的肿瘤组织中离子震荡产热，使温度升高到有效杀死肿瘤细胞的温度（杀灭恶性肿瘤细胞的最低温度为42℃），并保持一段时间。刀头205内内置的第一热电偶206实时的反馈刀尖的温度，从而能够实时的对冷疗过程进行控制。During hyperthermia, the radio frequency hyperthermia antenna 207 emits radio frequency waves with longer wavelengths at the top of the hot and cold knife, which excites the ions in the surrounding tumor tissue to oscillate and generate heat, raising the temperature to a temperature that can effectively kill tumor cells (The lowest temperature for killing malignant tumor cells is 42°C), and keep it for a period of time. The first thermocouple 206 built in the cutter head 205 feeds back the temperature of the cutter tip in real time, so that the cold therapy process can be controlled in real time.
本发明公开的冷热刀除治疗段外其它刀杆202部分均镶嵌有绝热套204，且在绝热套204上设置有第二热电偶211，在绝热套204的外围镶嵌有加热丝212。在进行治疗时，可根据第二热电偶211采集的温度实时调节加热丝212的热补偿量，使得冷热刀的非治疗段外围能够维持一定的温度，从而保护正常组织不被冻伤。In the cold and hot knife disclosed by the present invention, except for the treatment section, other parts of the knife bar 202 are inlaid with a heat-insulating sleeve 204 , and a second thermocouple 211 is arranged on the heat-insulating sleeve 204 , and a heating wire 212 is embedded in the periphery of the heat-insulating sleeve 204 . During treatment, the thermal compensation amount of the heating wire 212 can be adjusted in real time according to the temperature collected by the second thermocouple 211, so that the periphery of the non-treatment section of the cold and hot knife can maintain a certain temperature, thereby protecting normal tissues from frostbite.
本发明公开的冷热刀可在核磁共振成像系统（MRI）实时引导下工作，由于核磁共振能动态观察，成像不存在伪影且分辨率高，特别对软组织能显示清晰的结构。因此，在治疗过程中，本发明公开的冷热刀能够精确靶向摧毁肿瘤组织。例如，在进行冷疗时，当核磁共振成像系统监测到冰球包围整个肿瘤组织时，则控制冷热刀停止冷疗过程。The hot and cold knife disclosed by the invention can work under the real-time guidance of a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system (MRI). Since the nuclear magnetic resonance can be observed dynamically, there is no artifact in the imaging and the resolution is high, especially for soft tissues, which can display clear structures. Therefore, during the treatment process, the hot and cold knife disclosed by the present invention can precisely target and destroy tumor tissue. For example, during cold therapy, when the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system monitors that the ice ball surrounds the entire tumor tissue, the cold and hot knife is controlled to stop the cold therapy process.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310007889.1ACN103006315B (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Freezing-heating tool |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310007889.1ACN103006315B (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Freezing-heating tool |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103006315A CN103006315A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103006315Btrue CN103006315B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310007889.1AExpired - Fee RelatedCN103006315B (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Freezing-heating tool |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103006315B (en) |
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