CN102983413B - Reflective plane of reflective array antenna - Google Patents
Reflective plane of reflective array antennaDownload PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102983413B CN102983413BCN201210447607.5ACN201210447607ACN102983413BCN 102983413 BCN102983413 BCN 102983413BCN 201210447607 ACN201210447607 ACN 201210447607ACN 102983413 BCN102983413 BCN 102983413B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- antenna according
- reflective surface
- unit
- reflectarray antenna
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Translated fromChineseDescription
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna.
Background technology
The planar array that reflectarray antenna is comprised of the microband paste unit being printed in a large number on ground connection dielectric substrate.Its incident mechanism is: electromagnetic wave arrives each microband paste unit along different transmission paths from feed outgoing, by the in-field that causes each microband paste unit to receive, there is different space phases and postpone in the difference of path-length, by each microband paste unit of appropriate design, can carry out suitable phase compensation to in-field, allow mirror field on antenna opening diametric plane, form required phase front.
In traditional reflective array theory, General Requirements phase-shifting unit size is less than 1/2nd electromagnetic wavelengths, Payam Nayeri, Fan Yang and Atef Z.Elsherbeni is called " Broadband Reflectarray Antennas Using Double-Layer Subwavelength Patch Elements " in name, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propag.Letters, vol 9, 2010, in point out when phase-shifting unit size is reduced to sub-wavelength dimensions (sixth wavelength) from half-wavelength, the modulation capability variation of the array reflecting surface being formed by individual layer phase-shifting unit to phase place, phase shift range has reduced 200 °, can not satisfy the demands, this is mainly because when phase-shifting unit size reduction is to sixth electromagnetic wavelength, gap between phase-shifting unit can be less than 0.001 millimeter, cause graing lobe effect, thereby affect the performance of reflectarray antenna.
Like this, the requirement of phase-shifting unit cell size has been limited widely to the design of planar array reflecting surface, therefore substrate design, the phase-shifting unit design aspect at planar array reflecting surface has strict restriction, improved the bandwidth performance of manufacturing cost, having affected planar array reflecting surface.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for prior art, at phase-modulation, crosses the defect that range request phase-shifting unit size must be greater than sixth electromagnetic wavelength, and a kind of reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna is provided.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves by the following technical programs: a kind of reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna, comprising:
Feature board, for carrying out wave beam modulation to incident electromagnetic wave; Described feature board comprises that two or more have the feature board unit of phase shift function; Described feature board unit comprise base board unit and be arranged on described base board unit one side at least one incident electromagnetic wave is produced to the man-made structures unit of electromagnetic response;
Reflector, for reflection electromagnetic wave, is arranged on a side contrary with man-made structures unit of feature board;
Distance between the geometric center of adjacent two feature board unit is less than 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength;
Wherein, described antenna is for being modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram by the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram, or described antenna is for the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram, or described antenna is for changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram.
Further, the distance between the geometric center of described adjacent two feature board unit is identical.
Further, described feature board is one deck structure or the sandwich construction that consists of a plurality of lamellas.
Further, described base board unit is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
Further, described macromolecular material is polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
Further, described man-made structures unit is the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material forms.
Further, described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
Further, described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy.
Further, described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.
Further, described antenna also comprises for covering the protective layer of described man-made structures unit.
Further, described protective layer is polystyrene plastics film, polyethylene terephthalate's plastic film or high impact polystyrene plastic film.
Further, described feature board is curved surface shape or plane.
Further, described reflector is curved surface shape or plane.
Further, described reflector is attached at described feature board one side surface.
Further, described reflector and described feature board space arrange.
Further, described reflector is metal coating or metallic film.
Further, described reflector is metal grill reflector.
Further, described metal grill reflector consists of the sheet metal of multi-disc space, single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
Further, described single metal sheet is shaped as square.
Further, described multi-disc sheet metal interval is each other less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.
Further, the serve as reasons network structure with many mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector, single mesh be shaped as triangle or polygon.
Further, described single mesh is shaped as square.
Further, the length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, and the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.
Further, the cross section of described base board unit is triangle or polygon.
Further, the cross section of described base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon.
Further, the distance between the geometric center of described adjacent functional plate unit is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.
Further, the distance between the geometric center of described adjacent functional plate unit is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.
Further, described antenna works in Ku wave band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.5-4mm.
Further, described antenna works in X-band, and described base board unit thickness is 0.7-6.5mm.
Further, described antenna works in C-band, and described base board unit thickness is 1-12mm.
According to the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention, distance in described reflectarray antenna between the geometric center of adjacent functional plate unit is all less than 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, then by designing the size of the man-made structures unit arranging on described reflectarray antenna base board unit and/or the desired phase that structure realizes reflectarray antenna outgoing.When the size (being equivalent to the distance between the geometric center of adjacent functional plate of the present invention unit) that has all explicitly pointed out phase-shifting unit in prior art is reduced to the sixth of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength from half-wavelength, the modulation capability variation of the array reflecting surface that individual layer phase-shifting unit forms to phase place, can not satisfy the demands.The present invention is by being reduced to the distance between the geometric center of adjacent functional plate unit to be less than 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, and only by an one functional layer, can satisfy the demands, and bandwidth ratio prior art is wide, thickness is thinner, phase modulation amplitude is more level and smooth, stability is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of reflecting surface one better embodiment of reflectarray antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is by a plurality of cross section figures, to be the front elevational schematic of the feature board that forms of orthohexagonal base board unit;
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of another better embodiment of reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of reflector of the present invention one better embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase-shifting unit that forms of the alabastrine man-made structures of plane unit;
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the first stage of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth of plane;
Fig. 9 is the second stage of the alabastrine man-made structures cell geometry growth of plane.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of the another kind of structure of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of the another kind of structure of the present invention;
Figure 12 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that forms of the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 13 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10;
Figure 14 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that forms of the man-made structures unit shown in Figure 10 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 15 is the growth pattern schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11;
Figure 16 is that the amount of phase shift of the phase-shifting unit that forms of the man-made structures unit shown in Figure 11 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S;
Figure 17 a is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of triangle metal sheet;
Figure 17 b is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square-shaped metal sheet;
Figure 17 c is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal sheet;
Figure 17 d is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of circular metal ring-type;
Figure 17 e is the schematic diagram of the man-made structures unit of square metal ring-type;
Figure 18 is Feed directional diagram;
Figure 19 is the narrow beam directional diagram of broad beam directional diagram after reflectarray antenna modulation of the present invention;
Figure 20 changes the directional diagram of electromagnetic wave main beam pointing through reflectarray antenna of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the structural representation in the metal grill reflector of network;
Figure 22 is the structural representation with the reflectarray antenna of multilayer feature board;
Figure 23 is a kind of structural representation of phase-shifting unit of form;
Figure 24 is that the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of the another kind of structure that forms of the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5 is with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, the perspective view of reflecting surface one better embodiment that Fig. 1 is reflectarray antenna of the present invention.In Fig. 1, the reflecting surface of this reflectarray antenna comprisesfeature board 1, for incident electromagnetic wave is carried out to wave beam modulation; Describedfeature board 1 comprises that two or more have thefeature board unit 10 of phase shift function; Describedfeature board unit 10 comprise base board unit V and be arranged on described base board unit V mono-side at least one incident electromagnetic wave is produced to the man-made structures unit M of electromagnetic response;
Distance between the geometric center of adjacent twofeature board unit 10 is less than 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength; Wherein, antenna is for being modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram by the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram, or antenna is for the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram, or antenna is for changing the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram.
Electromagnetic wave by behind describedfeature board unit 10 by 2 reflections of described reflector, outgoing after the electromagnetic wave of reflection is again by described feature board unit 10.Distance between the geometric center of two thefeature board unit 10 of arbitrary neighborhood in the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna is less than 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.Preferably, the distance between the geometric center of twofeature board unit 10 of arbitrary neighborhood is less than 1/8th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength in the present invention.More preferably, the distance between the geometric center of twofeature board unit 10 of arbitrary neighborhood is less than 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.For example, the distance between the geometric center of twofeature board unit 10 of arbitrary neighborhood can be 1/7th, 1/8th, 1/9th and 1/10th etc. of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.
The reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention, its feature board can be also the sandwich construction consisting of a plurality of lamellas for one deck structure shown in Fig. 1, wherein one deck structure can also have better bandwidth effect than prior art, between a plurality of lamellas, can adopt glue bonding, or adopt mechanical system to connect, as bolt connects or buckle connection, the present invention does not limit this.As shown in figure 22, be a kind offeature board 1 of sandwich construction of form, thisfeature board 1 comprises three lamellas 11.Certainly Figure 22 just schematically, the double-layer structure that featureboard 1 of the present invention also consists of two lamellas or the sandwich construction being formed by four and above lamella.
As shown in Figure 1, featureboard 1 comprises two or morefeature boards unit 10, andreflector 2 comprises thereflector element 20 withfeature board unit 10 respective amount, and thereflector element 20 that featureboard unit 10 is corresponding with it forms a phase-shiftingunit 100; Be understandable that, the reflecting surface integral body of reflectarray antenna can be spliced by a plurality of independently phase-shiftingunits 100, also can consist of amonoblock feature board 1 and amonoblock reflector 2.
The quantity offeature board unit 10 is set as required, can be two or more.Can be for example side byside
In the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, featureboard unit 10 comprise base board unit V and be arranged on described base board unit V mono-side for incident electromagnetic wave being produced to the man-made structures unit M of electromagnetic response.Man-made structures unit M can be attached directly to the surface of base board unit V, as shown in figure 23.
Certainly, man-made structures unit M also can with the spaced surface setting of base board unit V, for example man-made structures unit M can be supported on base board unit by bar, or by filler interval, filler can be for example plastic foam.
The cross section figure of base board unit V can have various ways.The cross section figure of more typical base board unit can be triangle or polygon, preferably, the cross section figure of base board unit is equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon, and it is foursquare base board unit that cross section figure has been shown in Fig. 1; It is the front elevational schematic of thefeature board 1 that forms of regular hexagon base board unit that Fig. 2 shows by a plurality of cross section figures.The cross section figure of base board unit is preferably equilateral triangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon or octagon.
Base board unit can be made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material, and macromolecular material can be polystyrene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin.
Man-made structures unit can be the structure with geometrical pattern that electric conducting material forms, and electric conducting material can be metal or non-metallic conducting material, and described metal is gold, silver, copper, billon, silver alloy, copper alloy, kirsite or aluminium alloy; Described non-metallic conducting material is electrically conductive graphite, indium tin oxide or Al-Doped ZnO.The processing mode of man-made structures unit can have multiple, can be attached on base board unit respectively by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.
Man-made structures unit M can produce electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave, and electromagnetic response herein can be electric field response, can be also magnetic responsiveness, or existing electric field response has again magnetic responsiveness.
In order to protect man-made structures unit; in another embodiment of the present invention; on man-made structures unit, also can be coated with protective layer, protective layer can be polystyrene (PS) plastic film, polyethylene terephthalate's (PET) plastic film or high impact polystyrene (HIPS) plastic film.
While adopting single piece of metal sheet, metal coating or metallic film as reflector, its thickness is generally thinner, is about 0.01-0.03 millimeter, and the length and width of sheet metal, metal coating or metallic film is far longer than its thickness.When preparation and practical application, easily because the effect generation warpage of stress has reduced the yield in product preparation process on the one hand, cause a large amount of wastes, also increased on the other hand the maintenance cost after product is used.
In the present invention, metal grill reflector is preferably used inreflector 2, and metal grill reflector consists of thesheet metal 4 in gap, multi-disc space, and the length and width value of eachsheet metal 4 and the difference of one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 reduce, thereby reduce product stress, avoid reflector warpage.Yet owing to having gap between each sheet metal, if the wide meeting of the width in gap produces graing lobe effect while making electromagnetic wave by latticed baffle reflection, bring impact to the reflecting surface performance of reflectarray antenna, if the width in gap is narrow, can make the length and width value of each sheet metal and the difference of one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 increase, be unfavorable for the release of stress.Preferably, described multi-disc sheet metal interval is each other less than 1/20th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.In the present invention, single metal sheet be shaped as triangle or polygon.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, described metal grill reflector WG consists of thesheet metal 4 of multi-disc space, and single metal plate shape is square.
In another preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 21, the serve as reasons network structure with many mesh of the crisscross formation of many metal line of described metal grill reflector WG, in figure, many metal line are divided into longitudinal metal line ZX and transverse metal line HX, between longitudinal metal line ZX and transverse metal line HX, form a plurality of mesh WK, the shape of single mesh WK can be triangle or polygon.And the shape of all mesh WK can be identical, also can be different.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, preferably, the shape of all mesh WK is square, and longitudinal metal line ZX is identical with the live width of transverse metal line HX.The length of side of described single mesh is less than 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, and the live width of described many metal line is more than or equal to 0.01mm.Preferentially, the length of side of described single mesh be 0.01mm to 1/2nd of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, the live width of described many metal line is that 0.01mm is to 5 times of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.
In the description in above-mentioned reflector, all using metal material as reflector material, but should know the reflection electromagnetic wave that act as in reflector in the present invention, as long as therefore can reach that the material of reflection electromagnetic wave is reflector of the present invention can material selection.
The reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention can design concrete shape according to actual application scenarios, therefore, featureboard 1 andreflector 2 can be planely also can make curved surface shape according to actual needs.
A kind of method for designing of each phase-shifting unit amount of phase shift is below described, should be understood that, following method is aid illustration, not in order to limit the present invention, in fact, to one skilled in the art, by reading the present invention, can also realize the amount of phase shift of expecting on antenna by other conventional method for designing distributes.
The method for designing of the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit comprises the steps:
S1, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit is set, the vector space Θ of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit of structure; The parameter index corresponding to electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expectation is set.The parameter index here mainly refers to the key technical indexes that has influence on electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram, and under different application scenarioss, the technical indicator of concern is different, for example, can be half-power beam width etc.
S2, the vector space Θ of described amount of phase shift is sampled, generates m(m<n) the sampling vector space Θ of individual phase-shifting unit0; The sampling here can be the various methods of samplings of commonly using, such as random sampling, systematic sampling etc.
S3, the described sampling vector space of foundation, calculate the amount of phase shift that remains n-m phase-shifting unit by interpolation method, generate the vector space Θ of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting uniti; Interpolation method can be Gaussian process interpolation method, batten Changzhi method etc.
S4, calculating Θicorresponding parameter index, whether the parameter index that judgement is calculated meets preset requirement, if so, Θibe the vector space of the amount of phase shift of satisfying the demand; If not, by default optimized algorithm, generate new sampling vector space, and by interpolation method, generate the vector space Θ of new amount of phase shifti+1, circulation is carried out until meet preset requirement.Default optimized algorithm can be simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search scheduling algorithm.Preset requirement can comprise for example threshold value of parameter index and the scope of precision.
By above-mentioned method, can obtain the amount of phase shift distribution situation of each phase-shifting unit that we need, according to the distribution situation of amount of phase shift again in conjunction with we will with technical scheme type determine concrete design.For example, if adopt the modulation that is realized incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram by the feature board unit of base board unit and man-made structures cell formation, so just need to find out can meet amount of phase shift distribution the shape of man-made structures unit, the corresponding relation of dimension information.
Employing is realized the modulation of incident electromagnetic wave directional diagram by the feature board unit of base board unit and man-made structures cell formation, shape, the physical dimension of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit of appropriate design, can design the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit on the reflecting surface of described reflectarray antenna, thereby realize the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expectation.
The incident frequency of the reflecting surface of given reflectarray antenna, determine physical size, material and the electromagnetic parameter of base board unit, and the material of man-made structures unit, thickness and topological structure, utilize simulation software, as CST, MATLAB, COMSOL etc., can obtain the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the change curve of man-made structures cell geometry growth, can obtain the corresponding relation of continually varying phase-shifting unit and amount of phase shift, obtain the maximum amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit and the minimum amount of phase shift of this kind of form.
In the present embodiment, the structural design of phase-shifting unit can obtain by Computer Simulation (CST emulation), specific as follows:
(1) determine the material of base board unit.The material of base board unit, such as being FR-4, F4b or PS etc.
(2) determine shape and the physical size of base board unit.For example, it is foursquare square sheet that base board unit can be cross section figure, the physical size of base board unit is obtained by the centre frequency of the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna, utilize frequency to obtain its wavelength, get and be less than 1/7th a numerical value of wavelength as the length of side of base board unit cross section, for example the length of side of base board unit cross section is 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.The thickness of base board unit is different according to the working frequency range of device, while working in Ku wave band as antenna, and the desirable 0.05-4mm of the thickness of base board unit; When antenna works in X-band, the desirable 0.7-6.5mm of the thickness of base board unit; When antenna works in C-band, the desirable 1-12mm of the thickness of base board unit; For example exist, under ku wave band, the thickness of base board unit can be taken as 1mm, 2mm etc.The length of side of base board unit is the distance of two adjacent man-made structures unit centers.
(3) determine material, thickness and the topological structure of man-made structures unit.For example, the material of man-made structures unit is copper, the topological structure of man-made structures unit can be the alabastrine man-made structures of the plane shown in Fig. 5 unit, described alabastrine man-made structures unit has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 mutually vertically dividing equally, described the first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two the first F1 of metal branch of equal length, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first F1 of metal branch, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two the second F2 of metal branch of equal length, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second F2 of metal branch, described the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2's of metal branch is equal in length, topological structure herein, refers to the base shape that man-made structures cell geometry is grown.The thickness of man-made structures unit can be 0.005-1mm.Be for example 0.018mm.
(4) determine the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit, with S, represent herein.For example, the geometrical form growth parameter(s) S of the alabastrine man-made structures of plane unit as shown in Figure 5 can comprise the live width W of man-made structures unit, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of the first F1 of metal branch.
(5) determine the growth restriction condition of the geometry of man-made structures unit.For example, the growth restriction condition of the geometry of the man-made structures unit of the alabastrine man-made structures of plane unit as shown in Figure 5 has, minimum spacing WL(between man-made structures unit as shown in Figure 5, the distance on the limit of man-made structures unit and base board unit is WL/2), the live width W of man-made structures unit, and first minimum spacing between metal branch and the second metal branch, this minimum spacing can and man-made structures unit between minimum spacing WL be consistent; Due to processing technology restriction, WL is more than or equal to 0.1mm conventionally, and same, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.During emulation for the first time, WL can get 0.1mm, and W can get certain value (live width that is man-made structures unit is even), for example 0.14mm or 0.3mm, now the geometrical form growth parameter(s) of man-made structures unit only has a, two variablees of b, makes structure growth parameter S=a+b.The geometry of man-made structures unit, by the growth pattern as shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 9, for example, corresponding to a certain specific incident frequency (11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous amount of phase shift excursion.
Take the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5 is example, and particularly, the growth of the geometry of described man-made structures unit comprises two stages (base shape of geometry growth is the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 5):
First stage: according to growth restriction condition, in the situation that b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, b=0 now, S=a, the man-made structures unit in this growth course is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).The minimum value of a is live width W, and the maximum of a is (BC-WL).Therefore,, in the first stage, as shown in Figure 8, the square JX1 that is W from the length of side, grows into maximum " ten " font geometry JD1 gradually in the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit.
Second stage: according to growth restriction condition, when a is increased to maximum, a remains unchanged; Now, b is increased continuously to maximum from minimum value, now b is not equal to 0, S=a+b, and the man-made structures unit in this growth course is plane flakes.The minimum value of b is live width W, and the maximum of b is (BC-WL-2W).Therefore, in second stage, the growth of the geometry of man-made structures unit as shown in Figure 9, from " ten " font geometry JD1 of maximum, grow into gradually the alabastrine geometry JD2 of maximum plane, the alabastrine geometry JD2 of maximum plane herein refers to, the length b of the first J1 of metal branch and the second J2 of metal branch can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch and the second metal branch will occur to intersect.
Application said method is made to following three-type-person the phase-shifting unit that construction unit forms and is carried out emulation:
(1) Figure 5 shows that the phase-shifting unit of the alabastrine man-made structures cell formation of plane, in the first structure of this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is, thickness 2mm, and cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 2.7mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, structure growth parameter S is the length b sum of length a and the first F1 of metal branch of the first metal wire J1.The growth pattern with the phase-shifting unit of this artificial construction unit refers to Fig. 8 to Fig. 9; Have this structure man-made structures unit its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 12.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at 10-230 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 220 degree, is less than 360 degree.In the second structure of this phase-shifting unit, only changing base board unit V cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 8.2mm, other parameter constant, have this kind of structure man-made structures unit its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 24; As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with S parameter, the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at 275-525 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 250 degree, is still less than 360 degree.
(2) be as shown in figure 10 the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of another kind of form, this man-made structures unit has the first main line Z1 and the second main line Z2 mutually vertically dividing equally, the first main line Z1 is identical with the second main line Z2 geomery, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected with two the first identical right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the first main line Z1 two ends are connected to the corner of two the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected with two the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2, the second main line Z2 two ends are connected to the corner of two the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2, the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1 is identical with the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2 geomery, the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, two arms of angle of the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2 are parallel to respectively two limits of square substrate unit, the first main line Z1, the second main line Z2 is the first right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ1, the angular bisector of the second right-angle folding linea angulata ZJ2.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit is, thickness 2mm, and cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; Herein, structure growth parameter S is the length sum of the first main line and the first right-angle folding linea angulata.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit refers to Figure 13; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 14.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at 10-150 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 140 degree, is less than 360 degree.
(3) be as shown in figure 11 the phase-shifting unit of the man-made structures cell formation of another kind of form, this man-made structures unit has the first backbone GX1 and the second dry main line GX2 mutually vertically dividing equally, the first backbone GX1 is identical with the geomery of the second dry main line GX2, the first backbone GX1 two ends are connected with two the first straight line ZX1 that extend in opposite direction, the second backbone GX2 two ends are connected with two the second straight line ZX2 that extend in opposite direction, the first straight line ZX1 is identical with the geomery of the second straight line ZX2, the first straight line ZX1 and the second straight line ZX2 are parallel to respectively two limits of square substrate unit V, the angle of the first straight line ZX1 and the first backbone GX2 is 45 degree, the angle of the second straight line ZX2 and the second backbone GX2 is 45 degree.In this phase-shifting unit, the material of base board unit V is polystyrene (PS), and its dielectric constant is 2.7, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The physical size of base board unit V is, thickness 2mm, and cross section figure is that the length of side is the square of 2mm; The material of man-made structures unit is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm; The material of reflector element is copper, and its thickness is 0.018mm.Herein, structure growth parameter S is the length sum of the first main line and the first broken line.The growth pattern of the man-made structures unit on this phase-shifting unit refers to Figure 15; Its amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit with this artificial construction unit with the variation of structure growth parameter S as shown in figure 16.As can be seen from the figure, the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit is the continuous increase continually varying along with S parameter, and the excursion of the amount of phase shift of this phase-shifting unit is probably at 10-130 degree, and the difference of its maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift is about 120 degree, is less than 360 degree.
In addition, can also there be other distortion the alabastrine man-made structures of the plane shown in Fig. 5 unit.
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine man-made structures of the plane shown in Fig. 5 unit.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each the second F2 of metal branch are all connected with the identical San metal F3 of branch, and the mid point of the corresponding San metal F3 of branch is connected with the end points of the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the man-made structures unit of other form.The base shape of the just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine man-made structures of the plane shown in Fig. 5 unit, the man-made structures unit of this kind of structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on the first metal wire and the second metal wire, the figure to any direction 90-degree rotation all overlaps with former figure around the axis perpendicular to the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point to make the man-made structures unit shown in Fig. 7.In addition, can also have other distortion, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arrange a plurality of kink WZ.The base shape of the just man-made structures cell geometry growth shown in Fig. 7.
Except the man-made structures unit of three kinds of above-mentioned topological structures, the present invention can also have the man-made structures unit of other topological structure.Triangle metal sheet as shown in Figure 17 a; Square-shaped metal sheet as shown in Figure 17 b, the circular metal plate as shown in Figure 17 c; Circular metal ring as shown in Figure 17 d; Square metal ring as shown in Figure 17 e etc.By said method, also can obtain having the amount of phase shift of phase-shifting unit of above-mentioned man-made structures unit with the change curve of structure growth parameter S.
If the amount of phase shift scope that the amount of phase shift scope of the phase-shifting unit obtaining by above-mentioned growth has comprised our needs (can get required maximum amount of phase shift and minimum amount of phase shift), meets design needs simultaneously.If above-mentioned growth obtains the amount of phase shift excursion of phase-shifting unit, do not meet design needs, for example amount of phase shift maximum is too little or amount of phase shift minimum value is excessive, changes WL and W, and emulation again, until obtain the amount of phase shift excursion that we need.
According to the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expectation, by the amount of phase shift calculating on the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna, distribute, growing method by above-mentioned man-made structures unit obtains man-made structures cell size and the distributed intelligence that amount of phase shift distributes corresponding, can obtain feature board of the present invention, a side at feature board arranges reflector, the reflection permutation antenna that has formed modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern of the present invention, the reflecting surface of this reflectarray antenna can be realized the electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram of expection.
Three kinds of application of the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention are described below, should be understood that, the present invention is not limited to this three kinds of application scenarioss.
(1) electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram
In order to reach the object of modulated electromagnetic wave antenna pattern, first amount of phase shift corresponding to each phase-shifting unit of finding out the reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna of the present invention, that is to say the amount of phase shift distribution situation on the reflecting surface that will obtain or design reflectarray antenna.
In this example, in broad beam Feed directional diagram, its beamwidth is 31.8 degree, and target is that this broad beam directional diagram is changed to narrow beam directional diagram, and beamwidth is controlled in 4 degree.Feed directional diagram as shown in figure 18.
In this example, it is foursquare square sheet that phase-shifting unit is designed to cross section figure, the foursquare length of side is no more than 2.7mm, it is 1/7th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, according to square grid, arrange 166 * 166=27556 the phase-shifting unit of can arranging on the flat board of one 450mm * 450mm size.Method for designing in conjunction with the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit mentioned above, in step S1, arranges the excursion of amount of phase shift, usings the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit as an adjustable parameter, usings beamwidth as target function, has optimization problem as follows:
Θ=[θ wherein1, θ2..., θn] be the vector space that comprises all adjustable parameters, in this example, be the vector of the amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting unit,
for solution space (excursion of the amount of phase shift arranging).In this example, n=27556, adjustable parameter is very huge, and finding so that the narrowest amount of phase shift that makes the phase-shifting unit of electromagenetic wave radiation directional diagram optimum of beamwidth distributes is a very complicated high-dimensional optimization.We can be reduced to 1000 dimension left and right by optimization dimension from 27556 dimensions in conjunction with space-filling method for designing and spatial interpolation methods, are specially:
In step S2, generate the sampling vector space Θ of a m=1000 phase-shifting unit0=[θ10, θ20..., θm0];
In step S3, according to 1000 phase-shifting units sampling vector space Θ0, any interpolation methods such as use Gaussian process interpolation, spline interpolation calculate the amount of phase shift of a remaining n-m phase-shifting unit, generate the vector space Θ of the new amount of phase shift of n phase-shifting uniti=[θ1, θ2..., θm, θm+1, θm+2..., θn];
In step S4, utilize Computer Simulation Θito the beamwidth T (Θ after assigned direction figure modulationi), according to default optimization method (as simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, TABU search etc.), generate a new sampling vector space, make i=i+1, and carry out according to new sampling vector space the vector space Θ that interpolation generates new amount of phase shifti+1, circulation is carried out until meet preset requirement.
After obtaining amount of phase shift distribution, growing method by man-made structures unit mentioned above obtains the shape of the man-made structures unit on each phase-shifting unit and the information of arranging again, particularly, adopt the alabastrine man-made structures of plane unit growth as shown in Figure 5 to obtain the phase-shifting unit phase-shift phase excursion needing.
The reflecting surface of the reflectarray antenna obtaining is applied to a Feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 19.Its beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Realized broad beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave to the electromagnetic modulation of narrow beam directional diagram,, in this example, reflectarray antenna is transmitting antenna.
(2) electromagnetic wave with narrow beam directional diagram is modulated into the electromagnetic wave with broad beam directional diagram
By said method can also design narrow beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave be modulated to broad beam directional diagram reflectarray antenna, narrow beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is modulated to the situation of broad beam directional diagram and above-mentioned broad beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is modulated to narrow beam directional diagram, is a reversible process in fact.Broad beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is modulated to narrow beam directional diagram and can be regarded as transmitting, and narrow beam directional diagram electromagnetic wave is modulated to broad beam directional diagram and can be regarded as reception, and, in this example, reflectarray antenna is reception antenna.
(3) change the main beam pointing of electromagnetic wave directional diagram
By said method, can also design the antenna that changes electromagnetic wave main beam pointing, in step S1, the excursion of amount of phase shift is set, using the amount of phase shift of each phase-shifting unit as an adjustable parameter, using beamwidth and main beam pointing as target function parameter index, as shown in figure 18, is the antenna pattern of Feed, its main beam pointing is 0 degree, and beamwidth is 3.16 degree.Target is that the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, and beamwidth is controlled in 4 degree.
The reflecting surface of the reflectarray antenna obtaining is applied to a Feed as shown in figure 18, carry out emulation testing, obtain its directional diagram as shown in figure 20.Its main beam pointing is 45 degree, and beamwidth is 3.7 degree.Realized the direction of main beam is changed into 45 degree, beamwidth is controlled at 4 degree with interior target.
By changing electromagnetic wave main beam pointing, can avoid electromagnetic interference., if a large amount of electromagnetic waves directly reflexes in control room by deck, will produce serious interference to the electronic equipment in control room for example aboard ship, affect navigation safety.At this moment, if be equipped with above deck above-mentioned antenna, thereby change, disturb electromagnetic wave main beam pointing, make most of energy of electromagnetism reflex to other places, thereby promoted the ability of the anti-electromagnetic interference of electronic equipment in control room.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not departing from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, within these all belong to protection of the present invention.
Claims (30)
Translated fromChinesePriority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210447607.5ACN102983413B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
| PCT/CN2013/086773WO2014071866A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-11-08 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| EP13853937.4AEP2919322B1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-11-08 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| US14/696,478US9583839B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2015-04-26 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210447607.5ACN102983413B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102983413A CN102983413A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102983413Btrue CN102983413B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
Family
ID=47857244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210447607.5AActiveCN102983413B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102983413B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014071866A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna |
| CN104733849B (en)* | 2015-04-13 | 2018-05-08 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Reflective array radiating element and flat plate reflective array antenna |
| CN105006634B (en)* | 2015-07-20 | 2018-10-02 | 清华大学 | Double layer planar phase modulation apparatus |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1438696A (en)* | 2002-02-10 | 2003-08-27 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Pattern combination stucture of releasing stress force |
| CN102683855A (en)* | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Portable satellite antenna |
- 2012
- 2012-11-09CNCN201210447607.5Apatent/CN102983413B/enactiveActive
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1438696A (en)* | 2002-02-10 | 2003-08-27 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Pattern combination stucture of releasing stress force |
| CN102683855A (en)* | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Portable satellite antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 平面反射阵列天线的研究进展;王云秀等;《系统工程与电子技术》;20080229;第30卷(第02期);388-392* |
| 平面反射阵列天线相移特性分析;李亚峰等;《电子器件》;20090630;第32卷(第03期);682-688* |
| 新型微带反射阵列天线单元设计与研究;黄林台等;《科学技术与工程》;20110331;第11卷(第07期);1457-1460* |
| 李亚峰等.平面反射阵列天线相移特性分析.《电子器件》.2009,第32卷(第03期),682-688. |
| 王云秀等.平面反射阵列天线的研究进展.《系统工程与电子技术》.2008,第30卷(第02期),388-392. |
| 黄林台等.新型微带反射阵列天线单元设计与研究.《科学技术与工程》.2011,第11卷(第07期),1457-1460. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102983413A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102983410B (en) | Reflective array antenna | |
| JP6555675B2 (en) | Metamaterial-based transmit array for multi-beam antenna array assembly | |
| WO2014071866A1 (en) | Reflective array surface and reflective array antenna | |
| CN204885449U (en) | Filtering metamaterials, radomes and antennas | |
| EP2738874A1 (en) | Cassegrain satellite television antenna and satellite television receiver system thereof | |
| CN110233353B (en) | Metamaterial unit and metamaterial-based double-layer radiation antenna device | |
| CN102983413B (en) | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna | |
| Purnamirza et al. | A novel technique in simplifying the fabrication process and improving the reflection coefficient of the linear polarized radial line slot array (LP-RLSA) antennas | |
| CN102983404A (en) | Device modulating electromagnetic wave radiation patterns and antenna modulating the electromagnetic wave radiation patterns | |
| CN102983412B (en) | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna | |
| CN102856664B (en) | Cassegrain type metamaterial antenna | |
| CN203119101U (en) | Reflective array antenna | |
| CN102683888B (en) | Metamaterial satellite antenna and satellite antenna receiving system | |
| CN102694232B (en) | Array-type metamaterial antenna | |
| CN203119098U (en) | Planar antenna | |
| CN110380223B (en) | Omnidirectional perfect matching transparent material conforming to uniaxial perfect matching layer model | |
| CN118412662A (en) | Electromagnetic super-surface antenna design structure with phase compensation function and design method | |
| CN102983414B (en) | Reflective plane of reflective array antenna | |
| CN202997056U (en) | Reflective array antenna | |
| CN103682614A (en) | Broadband wave-transmitting material, and antenna housing and antenna system thereof | |
| CN103094705A (en) | Lens antenna based on metamaterial | |
| CN102810755B (en) | Metamaterial antenna | |
| CN102683811B (en) | Metamaterial satellite antenna and satellite receiving system | |
| CN102683889B (en) | Metamaterial satellite antenna and satellite receiving system | |
| CN103296418B (en) | Direction propagation antenna house and beam aerial system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20170122 Address after:518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Futian District CaiTian Road East New World Plaza C block 2006-17 Patentee after:Shenzhen Guangqi Innovative Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after:Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology Address before:518034 A international business center, No. 1061, Xiang Mei Road, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Futian District, China 18B Patentee before:Shenzhen Guangqi Innovative Technology Co., Ltd. |