CN102972275B - Technology for culturing fava bean sprout by adoption of artificial light source - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种采用人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的方法，属于生物技术领域。选取大小一致的蚕豆种子，先行浸泡，取出沥干，置于育苗盘中进行催芽。子叶展平后将育苗盘置于单色红光和蓝红组合光下培养至芽菜长成。单色红光和蓝红组合光（B:R=6:4）最适合甘蓝型油菜幼苗的生长。本发明具有操作简单、节省能源环保等优点，可以应用于蚕豆芽苗菜的室内快速生产、工厂化育苗等领域。

The invention discloses a method for cultivating broad bean sprouts by using artificial light sources, and belongs to the field of biotechnology. Select broad bean seeds of the same size, soak them first, take them out and drain them, and place them in a seedling tray for germination. After the cotyledons are flattened, the seedling tray is placed under monochromatic red light and blue-red combined light to cultivate until the sprouts grow. Monochromatic red light and blue-red combined light (B:R=6:4) are most suitable for the growth of Brassica napus seedlings. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, energy saving and environmental protection, and can be applied to the fields of rapid indoor production of broad bean sprouts and industrial seedling cultivation.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种采用人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的方法A method for cultivating broad bean sprouts by artificial light source

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种采用人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的方法，属于生物技术领域。The invention relates to a method for cultivating broad bean sprouts by using artificial light sources, and belongs to the field of biotechnology.

背景技术Background technique

目前蚕豆的芽苗菜生产需要的光照均由太阳光提供，但在无阳光的封闭状态下用人工光源培育芽苗菜尚无报道。目前我国的航空母舰和载入航天飞行都要考虑人员的蔬菜副食供应的问题。采用人工光源培育芽苗菜是解决上述问题的有效途径之一。At present, the light needed for the production of broad bean sprouts is all provided by sunlight, but there is no report on cultivating sprouts with artificial light sources in a closed state without sunlight. At present, my country's aircraft carrier and space flight must consider the problem of the supply of vegetables and non-staple food for personnel. Adopting artificial light source to cultivate sprouts is one of the effective ways to solve the above problems.

光是自然界中影响植物生长和发育最重要的环境因子之一，对植物的生长发育、形态建成、光合作用、物质代谢以及基因表达均有调控作用，而且还作为环境信号调节植物整个的生命周期。21世纪将是生态农业的世纪，光学应用是实现生态农业的主要途径之一。如何在太阳光照不足情况下增加特定人造光源，不仅促进作物生长发育，还可以达到增产、高效、优质、抗病、无公害的目的，这对于促进我国现代农业的发展具有非常重要的现实意义。长期以来在农业及生物领域使用的人工光源主要有荧光灯、白炽灯、钠灯和镝灯等，其中高压钠灯和镝灯是发光效率和有效光合成效率较高的光源，但是耗电量大，发射光谱不能很好地与植物的光合作用吸收光谱相吻合，做补光效率低；而且产生很多的热辐射，不能对植物接近照射，对植物生长光激励效率不高，做人工光源成本很高。因此，引进节能、发光性能好、产热量低、使用寿命长的新型光源，对提高植物工厂内的电能利用率和空间利用率、降低耗电成本具有重要意义。Light is one of the most important environmental factors affecting plant growth and development in nature. It has regulatory effects on plant growth and development, morphogenesis, photosynthesis, material metabolism and gene expression, and also acts as an environmental signal to regulate the entire life cycle of plants. . The 21st century will be the century of ecological agriculture, and optical application is one of the main ways to realize ecological agriculture. How to increase the specific artificial light source under the condition of insufficient sunlight can not only promote the growth and development of crops, but also achieve the purpose of increasing yield, high efficiency, high quality, disease resistance and pollution-free. This has very important practical significance for promoting the development of modern agriculture in our country. The artificial light sources used in agriculture and biology for a long time mainly include fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, sodium lamps, and dysprosium lamps. Among them, high-pressure sodium lamps and dysprosium lamps are light sources with high luminous efficiency and effective photosynthetic efficiency, but they consume a lot of power and emit spectrum. It cannot be well matched with the photosynthetic absorption spectrum of plants, and the efficiency of supplementary light is low; and it produces a lot of heat radiation, which cannot be close to the plants, and the light excitation efficiency for plant growth is not high, and the cost of artificial light sources is very high. Therefore, the introduction of new light sources with energy saving, good luminous performance, low heat production and long service life is of great significance to improve the utilization rate of electric energy and space in plant factories and reduce the cost of power consumption.

稀土植物生长灯是利用稀土三基色荧光粉的选择配比和运用，调出适合植物生长（叶绿素、花青素、胡萝卜素）所需的光谱能量分布的灯光。该灯的泛光效果使照射的光效均匀分布，且光效是其它同瓦数节能灯的两倍，是一般日光灯的三倍，而且使用寿命长。因此，利用稀土植物生长灯的性能特点开发出植物所需的人工光源将会大大提高其光能利用效率。Rare-earth plant growth lamps use the ratio and application of rare-earth three-color phosphors to adjust the light suitable for the spectral energy distribution required for plant growth (chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and carotene). The floodlight effect of the lamp makes the irradiated light effect evenly distributed, and the light effect is twice that of other energy-saving lamps with the same wattage, three times that of ordinary fluorescent lamps, and has a long service life. Therefore, using the performance characteristics of rare earth plant growth lamps to develop artificial light sources required by plants will greatly improve their light energy utilization efficiency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的技术方案，并且操作步骤简单，效果稳定，在生产、科研中都能得到很好的应用。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical scheme for cultivating broad bean sprouts with artificial light source, and the operation steps are simple, the effect is stable, and it can be well applied in production and scientific research.

技术方案Technical solutions

1. 一种采用人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的方法，包括以下步骤：1. a method adopting artificial light source to cultivate broad bean sprouts, comprising the following steps:

① 种子催芽：选取大小一致的蚕豆种子，先在清水中浸泡 24 h，取出种子后，均匀点播在底部铺有4层吸水纸的育苗盘中进行催芽，至子叶展平；① Seed germination: Select broad bean seeds of the same size and soak them in clean water for 24 hours. After taking out the seeds, sow them evenly on a seedling tray with 4 layers of absorbent paper at the bottom for germination until the cotyledons are flattened;

②光照处理：将子叶展平后的蚕豆幼苗放置于单色红光或蓝红组合光（B:R=6:4）下进行培养10天。②Light treatment: Place the broad bean seedlings with flattened cotyledons under monochromatic red light or blue-red combination light (B:R=6:4) for 10 days.

上述光照处理的条件为：The conditions for the above lighting treatment are:

①光强为3000 lux；①The light intensity is 3000 lux;

②光周期为12小时；② The photoperiod is 12 hours;

③培养温度24-26℃；③The culture temperature is 24-26℃;

④湿度保持在65-70%。④ Keep the humidity at 65-70%.

上述光照处理的方法为：The above lighting processing methods are as follows:

①所述光源由一组稀土植物生长灯提供；① The light source is provided by a group of rare earth plant growth lamps;

②所述的光强通过调整灯的数量和灯到植株冠层的距离进行控制；2. The light intensity is controlled by adjusting the number of lights and the distance from the lights to the plant canopy;

③所述的光周期采用一个定时器进行控制。③ The photoperiod is controlled by a timer.

本发明采用的蚕豆品种为大叶蚕豆。The broad bean variety that the present invention adopts is broad leaf broad bean.

有益效果Beneficial effect

一种采用人工光源培育蚕豆芽苗菜的方法可以在全人工条件下生产出优质的蚕豆芽苗菜，为蚕豆芽苗菜生产提供了一种新的生产方式，可用于解决载人航天、航空母舰等环境下的蔬菜供应。A method of cultivating broad bean sprouts using artificial light sources can produce high-quality broad bean sprouts under full artificial conditions, providing a new production method for the production of broad bean sprouts, which can be used to solve the problems of manned spaceflight, aircraft carrier Vegetable supply under such circumstances.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1，在培养6天时，单色红光下的光合色素含量高于对照处理。Figure 1. At 6 days of culture, the photosynthetic pigment content under monochromatic red light was higher than that of the control treatment.

图2，在培养8天时，蓝红组合光下的光合色素含量大于对照处理。Figure 2, when cultured for 8 days, the content of photosynthetic pigment under the combination of blue and red light was greater than that of the control treatment.

图3，在培养10天时，单色红光下的光合色素含量高于对照处理。Figure 3. At 10 days of culture, the content of photosynthetic pigments under monochromatic red light was higher than that of the control treatment.

图4，培养6, 8, 10天时，蓝红组合光下的可溶性蛋白含量高于对照处理。Figure 4. When cultured for 6, 8, and 10 days, the soluble protein content under the combination of blue and red light was higher than that of the control treatment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面通过具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail through specific embodiments below.

下述实施例中所用方法如无特别说明均为常规方法，所述百分含量如无特别说明均为体积百分含量。The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the percentages are volume percentages unless otherwise specified.

1.实施材料：1. Implementation materials:

①蚕豆种子：大叶蚕豆。①Bava bean seeds: big-leaf broad beans.

②光源：稀土植物生长灯。②Light source: rare earth plant growth lamp.

2.实施方法：2. Implementation method:

①种子催芽：选取大小一致的蚕豆种子，先在清水中浸泡 24 h。取出种子后，均匀点播在底部铺有4层吸水纸的的育苗盘中进行催芽，8天后子叶展平。①Seed germination: Select broad bean seeds of the same size and soak them in clean water for 24 hours. After taking out the seeds, evenly sow on demand in a seedling tray with 4 layers of absorbent paper at the bottom for germination, and the cotyledons flatten after 8 days.

②光照处理：将子叶展平后的蚕豆幼苗放置于稀土植物生长灯的单色红光或蓝红组合光（B:R=6:4）的下培养。②Light treatment: Place the broad bean seedlings with flattened cotyledons under the monochromatic red light or blue-red combined light (B:R=6:4) of rare earth plant growth lamps for cultivation.

③条件控制：光强设置为3000 lux，光周期为12小时，培养温度25±1℃，湿度保持在70±10%，培养10天。③ Condition control: the light intensity is set to 3000 lux, the photoperiod is 12 hours, the culture temperature is 25±1°C, the humidity is kept at 70±10%, and the culture is 10 days.

④控制方法：通过调整灯的数量和灯到植株冠层的距离来控制光强，一个定时装置来控制光周期。④Control method: Control the light intensity by adjusting the number of lights and the distance from the lights to the plant canopy, and a timing device to control the photoperiod.

3.实施效果3. Implementation effect

①不同光质对光照射6天后的蚕豆叶片光合色素的影响①Effects of different light qualities on photosynthetic pigments of faba bean leaves after 6 days of light irradiation

不同光质对蚕豆色素含量的影响差异显著。蚕豆幼苗叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量在红光下最大，荧光灯对照下最小。红光较有利于蚕豆幼苗的叶片光合色素的合成（图1）。The effects of different light qualities on the pigment content of faba bean were significantly different. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in leaves of broad bean seedlings was the largest under red light, and the smallest under fluorescent light control. Red light is more conducive to the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of broad bean seedlings (Figure 1).

②不同光质对光照射8天后的蚕豆叶片光合色素的影响②Effects of different light qualities on photosynthetic pigments of faba bean leaves after 8 days of light irradiation

不同光质影响蚕豆的色素含量。蚕豆幼苗叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量在蓝红组合光（B:R=6:4）下最大，荧光灯对照下最小。蓝红组合光较有利于蚕豆幼苗的叶片光合色素的合成（图2）。Different light quality affects the pigment content of faba bean. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in leaves of broad bean seedlings was the largest under the combination of blue and red light (B:R=6:4), and the smallest under the fluorescent light control. The combination of blue and red light is more conducive to the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of broad bean seedlings (Figure 2).

③不同光质对光照射10天后的蚕豆叶片光合色素的影响③Effects of different light qualities on the photosynthetic pigments of faba bean leaves after 10 days of light irradiation

不同光质对蚕豆色素含量的影响具有明显差异。蚕豆幼苗叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量在红光下最大，荧光灯对照下最小。红光较有利于蚕豆幼苗的叶片光合色素的合成（图3）。The effects of different light qualities on the pigment content of broad bean were significantly different. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in leaves of broad bean seedlings was the largest under red light, and the smallest under fluorescent light control. Red light is more conducive to the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of broad bean seedlings (Figure 3).

④不同光质对的蚕豆叶片可溶性蛋白的影响④Effects of different light qualities on soluble protein in faba bean leaves

不同光质影响蚕豆叶片可溶性蛋白的含量。蚕豆幼苗在从第6天到10天光照射，叶片的可溶性蛋白含量先上升后降低。蚕豆可溶性蛋白含量在蓝红组合光（B:R=6:4）下最大，荧光灯对照下最小。蓝红组合光较有利于蚕豆幼苗的叶片可溶性蛋白的合成（图4）。Different light quality affects the content of soluble protein in faba bean leaves. When the broad bean seedlings were irradiated with light from the 6th day to the 10th day, the soluble protein content of the leaves increased first and then decreased. The soluble protein content of broad bean was the largest under the blue-red combination light (B:R=6:4), and the smallest under the fluorescent light control. The combination of blue and red light is more conducive to the synthesis of soluble protein in leaves of broad bean seedlings (Figure 4).

Claims (2)

1. a method that adopts artificial light source to cultivate broad bean sprout seedling dish comprises the following steps:

(1) presprouting of seeds: choose Broad Bean Seeds of the same size, first in clear water, soak 24 h, after taking out seed, evenly program request is carried out vernalization to cotyledon and is flattened in bottom is covered with the seedling-cultivating tray of 4 layers of blotting paper;

(2) light treatment: the broad bean seedling after cotyledon is flattened is positioned under monochromatic ruddiness or blue red combined light to be cultivated 10 days, wherein, blue red combined light B:R=6:4, the condition of light treatment is:

1. light intensity is 3000 lux;

2. the photoperiod is 12 hours;

3. cultivation temperature 24-26 ℃;

4. humidity remains on 65-70%;

The method of light treatment is:

1. described light source is provided by a group rare-earth plant lamp;

2. described light intensity is controlled to the distance of influences of plant crown by quantity and the lamp of adjusting lamp;

3. the described photoperiod adopts a timer to be controlled.

2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Vicia Faba is the great Ye broad bean.

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