CN102969802B - Current type wireless power supply system load self-adapting control method - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其步骤包括：测量电流型无线供电系统中直流电源电流值I_dc；根据直流电源电流值I_dc计算负载电路负载值R_L；根据负载电路负载值R_L计算满足预设传输效率η的最小角频率值ω；调节原边可调谐振网络中的可变元件，使得原边可调谐振网络的谐振角频率ω₀=ω。其显著效果是：不使用无线通信模块，设计成本低，只测量一个参数，检测误差小，精度高，电路设计简单，实施方便，系统根据实时检测直流电源电流值来判断负载电路的变化情况，根据负载电路的变化改变原边可调谐振网络的参数，从而改变系统的工作频率，使系统在负载动态变化的时候保持较高的工作效率。

The invention discloses a load self-adaptive control method for a current-type wireless power supply system. The steps include: measuring the DC power supply current value_Idc in the current-type wireless power supply system; calculating the load circuit load value RL according to the_DC power supply current value_Idc ; The load value R_L of the load circuit calculates the minimum angular frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η; adjusts the variable elements in the primary-side adjustable resonant network to make the resonant angular frequency ω₀ =ω of the primary-side adjustable resonant network. Its remarkable effect is: no wireless communication module is used, the design cost is low, only one parameter is measured, the detection error is small, the precision is high, the circuit design is simple, and the implementation is convenient. The system judges the change of the load circuit according to the real-time detection of the DC power supply current value. According to the change of the load circuit, the parameters of the adjustable resonant network on the primary side are changed, thereby changing the operating frequency of the system, so that the system maintains a high working efficiency when the load changes dynamically.

Description

Translated fromChinese

电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法Load Adaptive Control Method for Current Mode Wireless Power Supply System

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及无线电能传输技术，具体地说，是一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法。The invention relates to wireless energy transmission technology, in particular to a load self-adaptive control method for a current-type wireless power supply system.

背景技术Background technique

随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步，人们对于便携，安全，高效，环保等概念的要求越来越高。所谓无线电能传输技术(WirelessPower Transmi ss ion Technique)是指综合利用现代电力电子能量变换技术、电路理论、微电子技术和现代控制等技术，实现电能从电源（电网或电池）通过软介质（如电场、磁场、微波、激光等）以非电气接触模式传递给用电设备，或用电设备通过软介质将能量回馈电源。是利用某种特殊设备将电源的电能转变为无线的方式进行传播，从而在没有电缆连接情况下实现电能传输。With the development of social economy and the advancement of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for concepts such as portability, safety, efficiency, and environmental protection. The so-called Wireless Power Transmission Technique (Wireless Power Transmi ss ion Technique) refers to the comprehensive utilization of modern power electronic energy conversion technology, circuit theory, microelectronics technology and modern control technologies to realize electric energy from the power supply (grid or battery) through soft media (such as electric field , magnetic field, microwave, laser, etc.) are transmitted to the electrical equipment in a non-electrical contact mode, or the electrical equipment returns energy to the power supply through a soft medium. It is to use some special equipment to convert the power of the power supply into a wireless way to spread, so as to realize power transmission without cable connection.

感应耦合电能传输技术（Inductively Coupled PowerTransfer），简称ICPT技术,是一种常见的无线电能传输技术，它通过电磁耦合以非接触式方式向负载传递能量。Inductively Coupled Power Transfer technology (Inductively Coupled Power Transfer), referred to as ICPT technology, is a common wireless power transfer technology, which transfers energy to the load in a non-contact manner through electromagnetic coupling.

如图1所示，现有的ICPT系统一般由初级电路和拾取电路组成，初级电路设置有整流滤波电路、DC/DC变换电路以及高频逆变电路，工频电源经过整流滤波电路后转换为直流输出，经过DC/DC电路进行电压变换，然后由高频逆变电路转换为高频交流电，高频逆变电路输出的高频交流通过导轨线圈向外发射电能，拾取电路中设置有拾取机构，利用空间磁场耦合拾取导轨线圈发射的能量，拾取机构输出的能量经过功率调节器进行调整，最后向用电设备提供能量。As shown in Figure 1, the existing ICPT system is generally composed of a primary circuit and a pick-up circuit. The primary circuit is equipped with a rectification and filtering circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit and a high-frequency inverter circuit. The power frequency power supply is converted into DC output, the voltage is transformed by the DC/DC circuit, and then converted into high-frequency alternating current by the high-frequency inverter circuit, the high-frequency alternating current output by the high-frequency inverter circuit emits electric energy through the guide rail coil, and the pick-up circuit is equipped with a pick-up mechanism , using the spatial magnetic field coupling to pick up the energy emitted by the guide rail coil, the energy output by the pick-up mechanism is adjusted by the power regulator, and finally provides energy to the electrical equipment.

根据初级电路中输入电源方式不同，现有的ICPT系统又分为电流型ICPT系统和电流型ICPT系统，所谓电流型ICPT系统是指电源的输入端由直流电源E_dc和直流电感L_dc构成，其输入近似于一个电流源。According to the different input power modes in the primary circuit, the existing ICPT system is divided into a current type ICPT system and a current type ICPT system. The so-called current type ICPT system means that the input end of the power supply is composed of a DC power supply E_dc and a DC inductor L_dc Its input is approximated as a current source.

如图2所示，常见的电流型ICPT系统电路模型，电阻R_dc为直流电源的等效内阻，开关元件S₁、S₂、S₃和S₄组成桥式高频逆变电路，电阻RD为发射线圈等效电阻，电阻Rs为拾取线圈的等效电阻，电阻RL为负载电路的等效负载。As shown in Figure 2, the circuit model of a common current-mode ICPT system, the resistance R_dc is the equivalent internal resistance of the DC power supply, the switching elements S₁ , S₂ , S₃ and S₄ form a bridge-type high-frequency inverter circuit, and the resistance RD is the equivalent resistance of the transmitting coil, the resistance Rs is the equivalent resistance of the pickup coil, and the resistance RL is the equivalent load of the load circuit.

实际上，作为一种供电系统，其负载往往具有很大的随机性，对于电流型ICPT系统来说，负载的变化可能导致系统的功率传输能力、功率传输效率以及输出品质等性能下降。因此，必须动态识别负载的变化情况，使电流型ICPT系统争对不同的负载进入相应的最佳功率传输阶段。同时，借助于负载识别，原边谐振电流恒流控制，输出负载电压恒压控制以及工作频率稳频控制均可容易实现。In fact, as a power supply system, its load often has great randomness. For a current-mode ICPT system, changes in load may lead to performance degradation of the system's power transmission capacity, power transmission efficiency, and output quality. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically identify the change of the load, so that the current-mode ICPT system enters the corresponding optimal power transmission stage for different loads. At the same time, with the help of load identification, the constant current control of the primary side resonant current, the constant voltage control of the output load voltage and the stable frequency control of the working frequency can all be easily realized.

而ICPT系统的特点是负载通过空气隔离的方式从原边获得能量，由于原、副边没有任何的电气连接，所以难以将副边的负载信息精确、快速的反馈到原边。The characteristic of the ICPT system is that the load obtains energy from the primary side through air isolation. Since the primary side and the secondary side do not have any electrical connection, it is difficult to accurately and quickly feed back the load information of the secondary side to the primary side.

现有技术中主要采用两种方式来实现负载识别：一是采用无线通信技术，需要利用无线通信模块，成本较高，而且高频磁场的干扰降低了无线通信的可靠性；二是基于反射阻抗的辨识方法，通过采样谐振电流、谐振电压和谐振频率来辨识负载大小，但由于检测的变量较多，硬件电路的设计比较复杂，而且任何一个量的测量误差将导致最终辨识结果的不精确。In the prior art, two methods are mainly used to realize load identification: one is to use wireless communication technology, which requires the use of wireless communication modules, which is expensive, and the interference of high-frequency magnetic fields reduces the reliability of wireless communication; the other is based on reflection impedance The identification method is to identify the load size by sampling the resonant current, resonant voltage and resonant frequency, but because there are many variables to be detected, the design of the hardware circuit is more complicated, and any measurement error of any quantity will lead to inaccurate final identification results.

同时，作为一种供电系统，其负载往往具有很大的随机性，我们需要根据实时变化的负载来做相应的调整，以保证系统始终工作在较高的效率水平。At the same time, as a power supply system, its load often has great randomness, and we need to make corresponding adjustments according to the real-time changing load to ensure that the system always works at a high level of efficiency.

现有的负载自适应技术往往采用副边短路解耦法，即根据负载大小的不同在原边产生的不同的反射阻抗，对副边进行相应的短路解耦处理，以达到稳定系统原边的目的。The existing load self-adaptive technology often adopts the secondary side short-circuit decoupling method, that is, according to the different reflection impedances generated on the primary side according to the different load sizes, the corresponding short-circuit decoupling process is performed on the secondary side to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the primary side of the system .

其缺陷是：采用副边短路解耦法，由于额外增加了DC/DC变换器，故系统整体效率低，另外，该方法对于轻载是一种被动控制方法，在负载动态变化时，原边仍会受影响。Its disadvantages are: using the secondary side short-circuit decoupling method, due to the additional DC/DC converter, the overall efficiency of the system is low. In addition, this method is a passive control method for light loads. When the load changes dynamically, the primary side will still be affected.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了克服上述缺陷，本发明提供一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，通过改变原边谐振电路的谐振角频率，使系统的效率达到最优。In order to overcome the above defects, the present invention provides a load adaptive control method for a current-type wireless power supply system, which optimizes the efficiency of the system by changing the resonant angular frequency of the primary side resonant circuit.

为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其关键在于按照以下步骤进行：A load adaptive control method for a current-type wireless power supply system, the key of which is to perform the following steps:

步骤1：测量电流型无线供电系统中直流电源电流值I_dc；Step 1: Measure the DC power supply current value I_dc in the current-type wireless power supply system;

步骤2：根据直流电源电流值I_dc计算负载电路负载值R_L；Step 2: Calculate the load circuit load value R_L according to the DC power supply current value I_dc ;

步骤3：根据负载电路负载值R_L计算满足预设传输效率η的最小角频率值ω；Step 3: Calculate the minimum angular frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η according to the load value_RL of the load circuit;

步骤4：调节原边可调谐振网络中的可变元件，使得原边可调谐振网络的谐振角频率ω₀＝ω。Step 4: Adjust the variable elements in the primary-side tunable resonant network so that the resonant angular frequency ω₀ =ω of the primary-side tunable resonant network.

作为进一步描述，步骤1中的电流型无线供电系统包括直流输入模块、高频逆变电路、原边可调谐振网络、副边谐振网络以及负载电路，所述直流输入模块由直流电源和直流电感组成，所述高频逆变电路为全桥逆变电路，所述原边可调谐振网络为发射线圈和原边补偿电容组成的并联谐振回路，其中的发射线圈有效电感值L_p可调或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p可调，所述副边谐振网络为拾取线圈和副边补偿电容组成的串联谐振回路；As a further description, the current-type wireless power supply system in step 1 includes a DC input module, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a primary-side adjustable resonant network, a secondary-side resonant network, and a load circuit. The DC input module consists of a DC power supply and a DC inductance The high-frequency inverter circuit is a full-bridge inverter circuit, and the primary-side adjustable resonant network is a parallel resonant circuit composed of a transmitting coil and a primary-side compensation capacitor, wherein the effective inductance value_L of the transmitting coil is adjustable or The effective capacitance value C of the primary side compensation capacitor_is adjustable, and the secondary side resonant network is a series resonant circuit composed of a pickup coil and a secondary side compensation capacitor;

在高频逆变电路与直流输入模块之间的回路上连接有电流检测模块，该电流检测模块用于检测所述直流电源电流值I_dc。A current detection module is connected to the loop between the high-frequency inverter circuit and the DC input module, and the current detection module is used for detecting the current value I_dc of the DC power supply.

电流采集电路通常设置有采样电阻，微控制器利用自带的AD采样功能即可在采样电阻上采集相应的电压值，根据采样电压与采样电阻的关系即可计算直流电源电流值I_dc。The current acquisition circuit is usually provided with a sampling resistor, and the microcontroller can use its built-in AD sampling function to collect the corresponding voltage value on the sampling resistor, and the DC power supply current value I_dc can be calculated according to the relationship between the sampling voltage and the sampling resistor.

所述电流型无线供电系统中的电路参数包括直流电源电压值E_dc、直流电源内阻值R_dc、直流电感电感值L_dc、发射线圈有效电感值L_p、发射线圈等效电阻值R_p、互感系数M以及当前谐振角频率ω₁；The circuit parameters in the current-type wireless power supply system include the DC power supply voltage value E_dc , the DC power supply internal resistance value R_dc , the DC inductance inductance value L_dc , the effective inductance value of the transmitting coil L_p , the equivalent resistance value of the transmitting coil R_p , Mutual inductance coefficient M and current resonant angular frequency ω₁ ;

在步骤2中，根据确定负载电路的负载值R_I，其中$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)}.$In step 2, according to Determine the load value R_I of the load circuit, where$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)}.$

根据上述步骤可以看出，当系统的电路模型和电路参数确定后，只需检测直流电源电流值I_dc即可计算出负载电路的负载大小R_L，电路结构简单，检测参数单一，准确性高，系统可以根据直流电源电流值实时跟踪负载电路的变化情况，为原边谐振电流恒流控制，输出负载电压恒压控制以及工作频率稳频控制提供了有效帮助。According to the above steps, it can be seen that when the circuit model and circuit parameters of the system are determined, the load size R_L of the load circuit can be calculated only by detecting the DC power supply current value I_dc . The circuit structure is simple, the detection parameter is single, and the accuracy is high. , the system can track the change of the load circuit in real time according to the DC power supply current value, which provides effective help for the constant current control of the primary side resonant current, the constant voltage control of the output load voltage and the stable frequency control of the working frequency.

在步骤3中，根据确定满足预设传输效率η的最小角频率值ω。In step 3, according to Determine the minimum angular frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η.

在步骤4中，通过调整发射线圈有效电感值L_p或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p，使得原边可调谐振网络的谐振角频率In step 4, by adjusting the effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil or the effective capacitance value C_p of the primary side compensation capacitor, the resonant angular frequency of the primary side adjustable resonant network is

所述直流输入模块设置有整流滤波电路和DC/DC变换电路，在整流滤波电路的输入端连接工频交流电源。The DC input module is provided with a rectification filter circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit, and the input end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with a power frequency AC power supply.

直流输入模块可以直接采用稳压直流电源，也可以利用工频交流电源，在利用工频交流电源时，所述直流输入模块设置有整流滤波电路和DC/DC变换电路，在整流滤波电路的输入端连接工频交流电源。The DC input module can directly adopt a regulated DC power supply, or can use a power frequency AC power supply. When using a power frequency AC power supply, the DC input module is provided with a rectification filter circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit. The input of the rectification filter circuit The terminal is connected to the power frequency AC power supply.

本发明的显著效果是：不使用无线通信模块，设计成本低，只测量一个参数，检测误差小，精度高，电路设计简单，实施方便，系统根据实时检测直流电源电流值来判断负载电路的变化情况，根据负载电路的变化改变原边可调谐振网络的参数，从而改变系统的工作频率，使系统在负载动态变化的时候保持较高的工作效率。The remarkable effects of the present invention are: no wireless communication module is used, the design cost is low, only one parameter is measured, the detection error is small, the precision is high, the circuit design is simple, the implementation is convenient, and the system judges the change of the load circuit according to the real-time detection of the DC power supply current value According to the change of the load circuit, the parameters of the adjustable resonant network on the primary side are changed, thereby changing the operating frequency of the system, so that the system maintains a high working efficiency when the load changes dynamically.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是现有ICPT系统的电路原理框图；Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of existing ICPT system;

图2是电流型ICPT系统的电路原理图；Fig. 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of the current type ICPT system;

图3是本发明的电路原理框图；Fig. 3 is a circuit principle block diagram of the present invention;

图4是本发明原边主电路的等效电路图；Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit diagram of primary side main circuit of the present invention;

图5是负载值R_L和直流电源电流值I_dc之间的线性关系图。Fig. 5 is a graph showing the linear relationship between the load value_RL and the_DC power supply current value Idc.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式以及工作原理作进一步详细说明。The specific implementation manner and working principle of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其关键在于按照以下步骤进行：A load adaptive control method for a current-type wireless power supply system, the key of which is to perform the following steps:

步骤1：测量电流型无线供电系统中直流电源电流值I_dc；Step 1: Measure the DC power supply current value I_dc in the current-type wireless power supply system;

步骤2：根据直流电源电流值I_dc计算负载电路负载值R_L；Step 2: Calculate the load circuit load value R_L according to the DC power supply current value I_dc ;

步骤3：根据负载电路负载值R_L计算满足预设传输效率η的最小角频率值ω；Step 3: Calculate the minimum angular frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η according to the load value_RL of the load circuit;

步骤4：调节原边可调谐振网络中的可变元件，使得原边可调谐振网络的谐振角频率ω₀＝ω。Step 4: Adjust the variable elements in the primary-side tunable resonant network so that the resonant angular frequency ω₀ =ω of the primary-side tunable resonant network.

实施例如图3所示，步骤1中的电流型无线供电系统包括直流输入模块1、高频逆变电路2、原边可调谐振网络3、副边谐振网络4以及负载电路5。Embodiments As shown in FIG. 3 , the current-mode wireless power supply system in step 1 includes a DC input module 1 , a high-frequency inverter circuit 2 , a primary-side adjustable resonant network 3 , a secondary-side resonant network 4 and a load circuit 5 .

结合图2所示，所述直流输入模块1由直流电源和直流电感组成，所述高频逆变电路2为开关元件S₁、S₂、S₃、S₄组成的全桥逆变电路，所述原边可调谐振网络3为发射线圈和原边补偿电容组成的并联谐振回路，所述发射线圈有效电感值L_p可调或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p可调，所述副边谐振网络4为拾取线圈和副边补偿电容组成的串联谐振回路；As shown in FIG. 2, the DC input module 1 is composed of a DC power supply and a DC inductor, and the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is a full-bridge inverter circuit composed of switching elements S₁ , S₂ , S₃ , and S₄ . The primary side adjustable resonant network 3 is a parallel resonant circuit composed of a transmitting coil and a primary side compensation capacitor. The effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil or the effective capacitance value C_p of the primary side compensation capacitor is adjustable. The side resonant network 4 is a series resonant circuit composed of a pickup coil and a secondary compensation capacitor;

在高频逆变电路2与直流输入模块1之间的回路上连接有电流检测模块6，该电流检测模块6用于检测所述直流电源电流值I_dc。A current detection module 6 is connected to the loop between the high frequency inverter circuit 2 and the DC input module 1 , and the current detection module 6 is used for detecting the current value I_dc of the DC power supply.

所述电流型无线供电系统中的电路参数包括直流电源电压值E_dc、直流电源内阻值R_dc直流电感电感值L_dc发射线圈有效电感值L_p、发射线圈等效电阻值R_p、互感系数M以及当前谐振角频率ω₁；The circuit parameters in the current-type wireless power supply system include DC power supply voltage value E_dc , DC power supply internal resistance value R_dc DC inductance inductance value L_dc effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil, equivalent resistance value R_p of the transmitting coil, and mutual inductance coefficient M and the current resonant angular frequency ω₁ ;

在步骤2中，根据$R_L=\frac{M^2{I}_p^2{{\mathrm{\ω}}_1}^2}{E_{\mathrm{dc}}{I}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_p^2{R}_p}$确定负载电路5的负载值R_L，其中$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)}.$In step 2, according to$R_L=\frac{m^2{I}_p^2{{\mathrm{\ω}}_1}^2}{{\mathrm{E.}}_{\mathrm{dc}}{I}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_p^2{R}_p}$ Determine the load value_RL of the load circuit 5, where$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)}.$

步骤3中，根据确定满足预设传输效率η的最小角频率值ω。In step 3, according to Determine the minimum angular frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η.

步骤4中，通过调整发射线圈有效电感值L_p或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p，使得原边可调谐振网络3的谐振角频率In step 4, by adjusting the effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil or the effective capacitance value C_p of the primary side compensation capacitor, the resonant angular frequency of the primary side adjustable resonant network 3 is

直流输入模块1中的直流电源可以直接采用稳压直流电源提供，而工程应用中通常利用工频交流输入，因此在直流输入模块1中设置有整流滤波电路和DC/DC变换电路，在整流滤波电路的输入端连接工频交流电源。The DC power supply in the DC input module 1 can be directly provided by a regulated DC power supply, and the industrial frequency AC input is usually used in engineering applications. Therefore, the DC input module 1 is provided with a rectification filter circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit. The input end of the circuit is connected with a power frequency AC power supply.

本发明的工作原理如下：The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

电流型ICPT系统工作过程中，负载的信息会反映到原边的阻抗上，因此可直接在原边检测来判断负载信息。During the working process of the current-mode ICPT system, the load information will be reflected on the impedance of the primary side, so the load information can be judged directly by detection on the primary side.

如图4所示的电路等效模型，副边在原边将产生一定的阻抗Z_r，系统的反射阻抗由有功部分R_r和无功部分L_r组成，其中有功部分上消耗功率即为副边在原边部分中产生的耗散功率，而其无功部分不产生能量耗散。As shown in the circuit equivalent model in Figure 4, the secondary side will generate a certain impedance Z_r on the primary side, and the reflected impedance of the system is composed of the active part R_r and the reactive part L_r , and the power consumed by the active part is the secondary side The dissipated power generated in the primary part without energy dissipation in its reactive part.

假设系统的输入功率为S(E_dc,I_dc)＝E_dcI_dc，系统的输出功率为$P_0(I_p,R_r)=I_p^2{R}_r,$系统的损耗功率为$P_{\mathrm{loss}}(I,R)=I_p^2{R}_p+I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}},$其中$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)};$由能量守恒关系得：S(E_dc,I_dc)＝P_o(I_p,R_r)+P_loss(I,R)，因此，又已知负载和反射阻抗有功部分R_r的关系为即可得到负载电路的负载值R_L与输入直流电源电流值I_dc的关系为：$R_L=\frac{M^2{I}_p^2{\mathrm{\ω}}^2}{E_{\mathrm{dc}}{I}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_p^2{R}_p}.$Suppose the input power of the system is S(E_dc , I_dc )=E_dc I_dc , the output power of the system is$P_0(I_p,R_r)=I_p^2{R}_r,$ The power loss of the system is$P_{\mathrm{loss}}(I,R)=I_p^2{R}_p+I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}},$ in$I_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\πE}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\ω}}_1{L}_p+R_p)};$ According to the energy conservation relation: S(E_dc ,I_dc )=P_o (I_p ,R_r )+P_loss (I,R), therefore, It is also known that the relationship between the load and the active part R_r of the reflected impedance is The relationship between the load value_RL of the load circuit and the input DC power supply current value I_dc can be obtained as follows:$R_L=\frac{m^2{I}_p^2{\mathrm{\ω}}^2}{{\mathrm{E.}}_{\mathrm{dc}}{I}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_{\mathrm{dc}}^2{R}_{\mathrm{dc}}-I_p^2{R}_p}.$

由上式可知，系统E_dc、L_p、R_p、R_dc、ω、M已知，则I_p可知，若测量I_dc，则可知道R_L的值。It can be known from the above formula that if the system E_dc , L_p , R_p , R_dc , ω, and M are known, then I_p can be known. If I_dc is measured, the value of_RL can be known.

随机选取参数E_dc=310V，L_p=155μH，R_dc=0.5Ω，R_p=0.2Ω，ω=125600rad/s，M＝45μH，可得到负载R_L与主回路直流电源电流值I_dc的关系如图5所示。Randomly select the parameters E_dc =310V, L_p =155μH, R_dc =0.5Ω, R_p =0.2Ω, ω=125600rad/s, M=45μH, the load R_L and the main circuit DC power supply current value I_dc can be obtained The relationship is shown in Figure 5.

由图5可知，负载电路的负载值R_L和直流电源电流值I_dc呈现递减的关系，负载越大，回路电流越小。因此，通过检测高频逆变电路中的回路电流的大小，根据电流和负载的关系式，即可判断此时的负载大小。It can be seen from Fig. 5 that the load value_RL of the load circuit and the DC power supply current value I_dc present a decreasing relationship, the greater the load, the smaller the loop current. Therefore, by detecting the magnitude of the loop current in the high-frequency inverter circuit, the magnitude of the load at this time can be judged according to the relational expression between the current and the load.

一旦知道负载的变化状况后，即可分析系统各部分的损耗状况，系统损耗主要包括原边发射线圈热损耗P₁和副边拾取线圈热损耗P₂，因为系统原边工作在软开关状态，所以开关损耗为零。Once the change of the load is known, the loss of each part of the system can be analyzed. The system loss mainly includes the heat loss P₁ of the transmitting coil on the primary side and the heat loss P₂ of the pickup coil on the secondary side. Because the primary side of the system works in a soft switching state, So switching losses are zero.

通过分析可得：It can be obtained by analysis:

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>{{\mathrm{<span><span>I</span>I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;E</span>\&pi;E</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>dc</span>dc</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}\sqrt{{{{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}<span><span>\&ap;</span>\&ap;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&pi;E</span>\&pi;E</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>dc</span>dc</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;L</span>\&omega;L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}<span><span>;</span>;</span>$

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>{{\mathrm{<span><span>I</span>I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span><span>I</span>I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}}{<span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}<span><span>;</span>;</span>$

输出功率P₀为：The output power_P0 is:

${\mathrm{<span><span>P</span>P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>0</span>0</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>{{\mathrm{<span><span>I</span>I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span><span>I</span>I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}{{<span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}}<span><span>;</span>;</span>$

故系统效率η为：So the system efficiency η is:

$\mathrm{<span><span>\&eta;</span>\&eta;</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}<span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span><span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}{<span><span>(</span>(</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}<span><span>+</span>+</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>s</span>the\; s</span>}}<span><span>)</span>)</span>}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}}<span><span>;</span>;</span>$

因为R_s＜＜R_L，故效率η可简化成：Since R_s << R_L , the efficiency η can be simplified as:

$\mathrm{<span><span>\&eta;</span>\&eta;</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>+</span>+</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span><span>2</span>2</span>}}}}<span><span>;</span>;</span>$

可知欲使效率稳定在较高的水平，负载R_L变大，谐振角频率ω需要适当增加。It can be seen that in order to stabilize the efficiency at a higher level, the load_RL becomes larger, and the resonant angular frequency ω needs to be increased appropriately.

在满足预设传输效率η的情况下，最小角频率ω应满足：In the case of satisfying the preset transmission efficiency η, the minimum angular frequency ω should satisfy:

$\mathrm{<span><span>\&omega;</span>\&omega;</span>}<span><span>\&GreaterEqual;</span>\&Greater\; Equal;</span>\mathrm{<span><span>M</span>m</span>}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>-</span>-</span>\mathrm{<span><span>\&eta;</span>\&eta;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&eta;</span>\&eta;</span>}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>L</span>L</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>R</span>R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>p</span>p</span>}}}}<span><span>.</span>.</span>$

通过设置电感阵列或者电容阵列，利用微处理器7和驱动电路8控制原边可调谐振网络3中开关元件的开关状态，从而改变发射线圈有效电感值L_p或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p，使得原边可调谐振网络3的谐振角频率ω₀＝ω，从而保证整个系统工作效率的稳定。By setting an inductance array or a capacitor array, the microprocessor 7 and the drive circuit 8 are used to control the switch state of the switching element in the primary side adjustable resonant network 3, thereby changing the effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil or the effective capacitance value C of the primary side compensation capacitor_p , so that the resonant angular frequency ω₀ =ω of the primary-side adjustable resonant network 3 , so as to ensure the stability of the working efficiency of the whole system.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其特征在于按照以下步骤进行：1. A current-type wireless power supply system load adaptive control method, characterized in that it is carried out according to the following steps:步骤1：测量电流型无线供电系统中直流电源电流值I_dc；Step 1: Measure the DC power supply current value I_dc in the current-type wireless power supply system;步骤2：根据直流电源电流值I_dc计算负载电路负载值R_L；Step 2: Calculate the load circuit load value R_L according to the DC power supply current value I_dc ;步骤3：根据负载电路负载值R_L计算满足预设传输效率η的最小频率值ω；Step 3: Calculate the minimum frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η according to the load value_RL of the load circuit;步骤4：调节原边谐振网络中的可变元件，使得原边谐振网络的固有谐振频率ω₀＝ω；Step 4: Adjust the variable elements in the primary-side resonant network so that the natural resonant frequency ω₀ =ω of the primary-side resonant network;所述步骤1中的电流型无线供电系统包括直流输入模块（1）、高频逆变电路（2）、原边可调谐振网络（3）、副边谐振网络（4）以及负载电路（5），所述直流输入模块（1）由直流电源和直流电感组成，所述高频逆变电路（2）为全桥逆变电路，所述原边可调谐振网络（3）为发射线圈和原边补偿电容组成的并联谐振回路，其中的发射线圈有效电感值L_p可调或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p可调，所述副边谐振网络（4）为拾取线圈和副边补偿电容组成的串联谐振回路；The current-type wireless power supply system in step 1 includes a DC input module (1), a high-frequency inverter circuit (2), an adjustable primary-side resonant network (3), a secondary-side resonant network (4) and a load circuit (5 ), the DC input module (1) is composed of a DC power supply and a DC inductor, the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is a full-bridge inverter circuit, and the primary-side adjustable resonant network (3) is a transmitting coil and A parallel resonant circuit composed of primary side compensation capacitors, in which the effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil is adjustable or the effective capacitance value C_p of the primary side compensation capacitor is adjustable, and the secondary side resonant network (4) is a pickup coil and secondary side compensation A series resonant circuit composed of capacitors;在高频逆变电路（2）与直流输入模块（1）之间的回路上连接有电流检测模块（6），该电流检测模块（6）用于检测所述直流电源电流值I_dc；A current detection module (6) is connected to the loop between the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and the DC input module (1), and the current detection module (6) is used to detect the current value I_dc of the DC power supply;所述电流型无线供电系统中的电路参数包括直流电源电压值E_dc、直流电源内阻值R_dc、直流电感电感值L_dc、发射线圈有效电感值L_p、发射线圈等效电阻值R_p、互感系数M以及逆变器开关控制频率ω₁；The circuit parameters in the current-type wireless power supply system include the DC power supply voltage value E_dc , the DC power supply internal resistance value R_dc , the DC inductance inductance value L_dc , the effective inductance value of the transmitting coil L_p , the equivalent resistance value of the transmitting coil R_p , Mutual inductance coefficient M and inverter switching control frequency ω₁ ;在步骤2中，根据确定负载电路（5）的负载值R_L，其中$I_p=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}{E}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1{L}_p+R_p)};$In step 2, according to Determine the load value R_L of the load circuit (5), where$I_p=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}{\mathrm{E.}}_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2\sqrt{2}({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1{L}_p+R_p)};$在步骤3中，根据确定满足预设传输效率η的最小频率值ω。In step 3, according to Determine the minimum frequency value ω that satisfies the preset transmission efficiency η.2.根据权利要求1所述的电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其特征在于：步骤4中，通过调整发射线圈有效电感值L_p或原边补偿电容有效电容值C_p，使得原边可调谐振网络（3）的固有谐振频率${\mathrm{\&omega;}}_0=\frac{1}{\sqrt{L_p{C}_p}}=\mathrm{\&omega;}.$2. The load adaptive control method of the current-type wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 4, by adjusting the effective inductance value L_p of the transmitting coil or the effective capacitance value C_p of the primary compensation capacitor, the original The natural resonant frequency of the edge-tunable resonant network (3)${\mathrm{\&omega;}}_0=\frac{1}{\sqrt{L_p{C}_p}}=\mathrm{\&omega;}.$3.根据权利要求1所述的电流型无线供电系统负载自适应控制方法，其特征在于：所述直流输入模块（1）设置有整流滤波电路和DC/DC变换电路，在整流滤波电路的输入端连接工频交流电源。3. The load adaptive control method of the current-type wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the DC input module (1) is provided with a rectification and filtering circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit, and the input of the rectification and filtering circuit The terminal is connected to the power frequency AC power supply.