CN102967803A - Fault positioning method of power distribution network based on D type traveling wave principle - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种基于D型行波原理的配电网故障定位方法。首先，选择故障初始行波最先到达的测量点选作参考测量点；然后，基于D型行波测距原理，利用参考测量点和其他接收到故障行波信号的测量点进行多次故障定位；最后，选择多个故障定位结果中的最大值作为最终故障定位结果。与现有方法相比，本方法的优点在于无须判断故障区间，直接基于D型行波测距原理实现整个配网的故障定位，进而提高了故障定位准确性与可靠性，当线路发生故障后，无需花费很多时间寻找确定故障点，提高了供电可靠性，具有广阔的应用前景。

The invention provides a distribution network fault location method based on the D-type traveling wave principle. First, select the measurement point where the initial traveling wave of the fault arrives first as the reference measurement point; then, based on the D-type traveling wave ranging principle, use the reference measurement point and other measurement points that receive the fault traveling wave signal to perform multiple fault location ; Finally, select the maximum value among multiple fault location results as the final fault location result. Compared with the existing methods, the advantage of this method is that it does not need to judge the fault area, and directly realizes the fault location of the entire distribution network based on the principle of D-type traveling wave ranging, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of fault location. , no need to spend a lot of time to find and determine the fault point, which improves the reliability of power supply and has broad application prospects.

Description

Translated fromChinese

基于D型行波原理的配电网故障定位方法Distribution network fault location method based on D-type traveling wave principle

技术领域technical field

本发明属于电力系统保护技术领域，特别涉及一种基于D型行波原理的配电网故障定位方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power system protection, and in particular relates to a fault location method of a distribution network based on a D-type traveling wave principle.

背景技术Background technique

快速、准确地确定配电线路的故障点位置，可加快永久故障的修复，及时消除隐患以避免大量瞬时性故障的再次发生，对保证电力系统的安全稳定和经济运行有十分重要的意义。Quickly and accurately determining the location of the fault point of the distribution line can speed up the repair of permanent faults, eliminate hidden dangers in time to avoid the recurrence of a large number of transient faults, and is of great significance to ensure the safety, stability and economic operation of the power system.

目前，配电网的故障定位，国内外已经提出了多种方法，主要有阻抗法、S注入法、智能法、“故障指示器”技术、馈线自动化技术和行波法。阻抗法受线路阻抗、负荷和电源参数的影响较大，对于带有多分支的配电线路，阻抗法无法排除伪故障点。S注入法的注入信号的能量有限，如果故障点经很大电阻接地，或者故障点距离线路始端很远，那么信号将很微弱无法准确测量。智能法受知识库和网络结构的影响很大。“故障指示器”技术虽然得到了实用化，但接地故障指示器的使用效果则不很理想，正确率不高，电网发生单相接地故障时常常没有反应。馈线自动化技术不能准确的对故障进行定位，而且故障定位的区间受馈线自动化设备安装密度的影响。At present, many methods have been proposed at home and abroad for the fault location of distribution network, mainly including impedance method, S injection method, intelligent method, "fault indicator" technology, feeder automation technology and traveling wave method. The impedance method is greatly affected by line impedance, load and power supply parameters. For distribution lines with multiple branches, the impedance method cannot exclude false fault points. The energy of the injected signal of the S-injection method is limited. If the fault point is grounded through a large resistance, or the fault point is far away from the beginning of the line, the signal will be very weak and cannot be accurately measured. Smart methods are greatly influenced by the knowledge base and network structure. Although the "fault indicator" technology has been put into practical use, the effect of the ground fault indicator is not very satisfactory, the accuracy rate is not high, and there is often no response when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the power grid. Feeder automation technology cannot accurately locate faults, and the interval of fault location is affected by the installation density of feeder automation equipment.

行波法原理可分为单端原理和双端原理。单端原理测距利用反射波和入射波之间的时间差计算故障距离。然而在配电网中，由于其分支较多，故障发生后，故障行波会在线路中发生复杂的折反射，无法区分故障点和线路分支点的反射行波。目前单端行波测距原理还难以自动给出正确的测距结果，仍不能在配电网中单独使用。双端原理测距是通过计算故障行波到达线路两端的时间差来计算故障位置，其测距精度基本不受线路的故障位置、故障类型、线路长度、接地电阻等因素的影响。但理论分析和实际应用表明，虽然双端行波原理能够在线自动给出故障测距结果，但可靠性和准确性受给定线路长度误差和授时系统的影响。当给定线路长度存在较大的误差或授时系统不正常工作时，双端原理测距结果是不可信的。The principle of traveling wave method can be divided into single-ended principle and double-ended principle. The single-ended principle distance measurement uses the time difference between the reflected wave and the incident wave to calculate the fault distance. However, in the distribution network, due to its many branches, after a fault occurs, the fault traveling wave will undergo complex refraction and reflection in the line, and it is impossible to distinguish the reflected traveling wave at the fault point and the branch point of the line. At present, the principle of single-ended traveling wave ranging is still difficult to automatically give correct ranging results, and it still cannot be used alone in the distribution network. The distance measurement of the double-terminal principle is to calculate the fault location by calculating the time difference between the arrival of the fault traveling wave at both ends of the line. The distance measurement accuracy is basically not affected by the fault location, fault type, line length, grounding resistance and other factors of the line. However, theoretical analysis and practical application show that although the double-terminal traveling wave principle can automatically give fault location results online, the reliability and accuracy are affected by the error of the given line length and the timing system. When there is a large error in the given line length or the timing system does not work normally, the ranging result of the double-terminal principle is unreliable.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种能克服上述缺陷、适用于配电线路的基于D型行波原理的配电网故障定位方法，其技术方案为：The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distribution network fault location method based on the D-type traveling wave principle that can overcome the above-mentioned defects and is suitable for distribution lines. The technical solution is:

（1）选取参考测量点：用i=1,2,3,…,m,…,n表示位于配电网各馈线末端的测量点，T_i表示故障发生时在时间同步情况下其接收到的故障初始行波时间；其中m为故障初始行波最先到达的测量点，该点对应的故障初始行波到达时间为T_m，选取该点为参考测量点；(1) Select reference measurement points: use i=1,2,3,...,m,...,n to represent the measurement points located at the end of each feeder line in the distribution network, T_i represents the time synchronization received when a fault occurs The fault initial traveling wave time; where m is the measurement point where the fault initial traveling wave arrives first, and the arrival time of the fault initial traveling wave corresponding to this point is T_m , which is selected as the reference measurement point;

（2）初步故障定位：选取参考测量点m之后，基于D型行波原理，分别利用参考测量点和测量点i所在线路计算出故障点距离可能的位置，即故障点到参考测量点的距离l_ki：

其中l_mi是参考测量点到测量点i的线路长度，v为行波在线路中的传播速度；(2) Preliminary fault location: After selecting the reference measurement point m, based on the D-type traveling wave principle, the possible distance from the fault point is calculated by using the reference measurement point and the line where the measurement point i is located, that is, the distance from the fault point to the reference measurement point l_ki :

Where l_mi is the length of the line from the reference measurement point to the measurement point i, and v is the propagation velocity of the traveling wave in the line;

（3）故障定位结果确定：从初步故障定位结果中选取最大值即可作为最终故障精确定位结果，即故障点到参考测量点的距离l_km为：l_km=max（l_ki）。(3) Determination of fault location results: The maximum value can be selected from the preliminary fault location results as the final precise fault location result, that is, the distance l_km from the fault point to the reference measurement point is: l_km =max(l_ki ).

工作原理为：根据故障行波的传播路径可知，配电网发生故障时，各条馈线末端的测量点接收到的第一个故障行波应为故障点发出的故障初始行波，在时间精确同步情况下对应于故障初始行波到达时刻，而且距离故障点最近的馈线末端的测量点最先检测到故障初始行波信号。若以此测量点为参考，基于D型行波原理，分别利用参考测量点和其余检测到故障初始行波信号的测量点所在线路可以计算出故障点到参考测量点的可能距离。根据行波的传播过程可以看出，故障点不在运用D型行波原理的线路时，其计算出的故障点到参考测量点的距离一定会小于故障点在运用D型行波原理的线路时计算出的故障点到参考测量点的距离。显然，在所有的计算出的故障点到参考测量点的距离中的最大值就是最终故障点到参考测量点距离。这样，就实现了配电网的行波故障定位。The working principle is: According to the propagation path of the fault traveling wave, when a fault occurs in the distribution network, the first fault traveling wave received by the measurement point at the end of each feeder should be the initial fault traveling wave sent by the fault point, and the time is accurate In the case of synchronization, it corresponds to the arrival time of the fault initial traveling wave, and the measurement point at the end of the feeder closest to the fault point first detects the fault initial traveling wave signal. If this measurement point is used as a reference, based on the D-type traveling wave principle, the possible distance from the fault point to the reference measurement point can be calculated by using the reference measurement point and the line where the rest of the measurement points where the fault initial traveling wave signal is detected are located. According to the propagation process of traveling waves, it can be seen that when the fault point is not on the line using the D-type traveling wave principle, the calculated distance from the fault point to the reference measurement point must be smaller than that of the fault point on the line using the D-type traveling wave principle The calculated distance from the fault point to the reference measurement point. Obviously, the maximum value among all the calculated distances from the fault point to the reference measurement point is the distance from the final fault point to the reference measurement point. In this way, the traveling wave fault location of the distribution network is realized.

本发明与现有技术相比，其优点在于：可以由双端原理给出最终的故障定位结果，可以消除配电网中分支线路对单端原理故障定位的影响，计算简单，方法一致性好，无需判断故障分支，提高了故障定位精度，很大程度地提高了电力线路行波故障定位的可靠性与准确性。当线路发生故障后，无需花费很多时间即可确定故障点，提高了供电可靠性，应用前景广阔。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that: the final fault location result can be given by the double-ended principle, and the influence of the branch line in the distribution network on the single-ended principle fault location can be eliminated, the calculation is simple, and the consistency of the method is good , there is no need to judge the fault branch, the fault location accuracy is improved, and the reliability and accuracy of the power line traveling wave fault location are greatly improved. When a line fails, the fault point can be determined without spending a lot of time, which improves the reliability of power supply and has broad application prospects.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的故障暂态行波在配电网拓扑图中的传播过程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the propagation process of the fault transient traveling wave in the topology diagram of the distribution network according to the present invention.

图中：1为电源端的测量点，其所在的分支线长度为l₁；测量点2，测量点3，…，测量点13，测量点14为配电网中各线路末端的测量点，其所在分支线长度分别为l₂，l₃，…，l₁₃，l₁₄；A，B，C，…，J，K为线路的分支点，其相邻两点距离分别为l_AB，l_BC，…，l_IJ，l_JK；S为电源接入点，距离分支点A和分支点F的距离分别为l_SA和l_SF；k为故障点；图中箭头方向代表故障初始行波的传播路径和传播方向。In the figure: 1 is the measurement point at the power supply end, and the length of the branch line where it is located is_l1 ; measurement point 2, measurement point 3, ..., measurement point 13, and measurement point 14 are the measurement points at the end of each line in the distribution network, where The lengths of the branch lines are l₂ , l₃ , ..., l₁₃ , l₁₄ ; A, B, C, ..., J, K are the branch points of the line, and the distances between the two adjacent points are l_AB , l_BC ,..., l_IJ , l_JK ; S is the power access point, and the distances from branch point A and branch point F are l_SA and l_SF respectively; k is the fault point; the direction of the arrow in the figure represents the propagation of the fault initial traveling wave path and direction of propagation.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图以某仿真实例对本发明作以下说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described as follows with certain simulation example:

实施例1：电压等级为10kV，测量点1为电源端的测量点，其所在的分支线长度为l₁=100m；测量点2，测量点3，测量点4，测量点5，测量点6，测量点7，测量点8，测量点9，测量点10，测量点11，测量点12，测量点13，测量点14为配电网中各线路末端的测量点，其所在分支线长度分别为l₂=100m，l₃=150m，l₄=100m，l₅=200m，l₆=300m，l₇=200m，l₈=100m，l₉=100m，l₁₀=200m，l₁₁=200m，l₁₂=200m，l₁₃=200m，l₁₄=400m；A，B，C，…，J，K为线路的分支点，其相邻两点距离分别为l_AB=500m，l_BC=800m，l_CD=1500m，l_DE＝1000m，l_FG=500m，l_GH=100m，l_GI=1500m，l_IJ=1000m，l_JK=100m；S为电源接入点，距离分支点A和分支点F的距离分别为l_SA=1500m和l_SF=500m；实际故障点k到测量点2的距离为50m，行波在输电线路中的波速v＝3×10⁸m/s。t=0.025s时刻发生故障。Embodiment 1: the voltage level is 10kV, the measuring point 1 is the measuring point of the power supply end, and the length of the branch line where it is located is l₁ =100m; the measuring point 2, the measuring point 3, the measuring point 4, the measuring point 5, the measuring point 6, Measuring point 7, measuring point 8, measuring point 9, measuring point 10, measuring point 11, measuring point 12, measuring point 13, and measuring point 14 are the measuring points at the end of each line in the distribution network, and the lengths of the branch lines where they are located are respectively l₂ =100m, l₃ =150m, l₄ =100m, l₅ =200m, l₆ =300m, l₇ =200m, l₈ =100m, l₉ =100m, l₁₀ =200m, l₁₁ =200m, l₁₂ =200m, l₁₃ =200m, l₁₄ =400m; A, B, C, ..., J, K are branch points of the line, and the distance between two adjacent points is l_AB =500m, l_BC =800m, l_CD =1500m, l_DE =1000m, l_FG =500m, l_GH =100m, l_GI =1500m, l_IJ =1000m, l_JK =100m; S is the power access point, the distance from branch point A and branch point F The distances are l_SA =1500m and l_SF =500m respectively; the distance from the actual fault point k to the measurement point 2 is 50m, and the wave velocity of the traveling wave in the transmission line is v=3×10⁸ m/s. A fault occurs at t=0.025s.

步骤1、选取参考测量点：故障发生后，在时间同步情况下各个测量点接收到的故障初始行波时间为：T₁=25005.5μs，T₂=25000.2μs，T₃=25002.4μs，T₄=25004.9μs，T₅=25010.2μs，T₆=25013.9μs，T₇=25013.6μs，T₈=25007.2μs，T₉=25009.2μs，T₁₀=25009.5μs，T₁₁=25014.2μs，T₁₂=25017.5μs，T₁₃=25017.9μs，T₁₄=25018.5μs；由以上可以看出测量点2为故障初始行波最先到达的测量点，该点对应的故障初始行波到达时间为T₂=25000.2μs，故选该点为参考测量点；Step 1. Select the reference measurement point: After the fault occurs, the fault initial travel time received by each measurement point under the condition of time synchronization is: T₁ =25005.5μs, T₂ =25000.2μs, T₃ =25002.4μs, T₄ =25004.9μs, T₅ =25010.2μs, T₆ =25013.9μs, T₇ =25013.6μs, T₈ =25007.2μs, T₉ =25009.2μs, T₁₀ =25009.5μs, T₁₁ =25014.2μs, T₁₂ =25017.5 μs, T₁₃ =25017.9μs, T₁₄ =25018.5μs; From the above, it can be seen that the measurement point 2 is the measurement point where the fault initial traveling wave arrives first, and the arrival time of the fault initial traveling wave corresponding to this point is T₂ =25000.2μs , so this point is selected as the reference measurement point;

步骤2、初步故障定位：选取测量点2为参考测量点之后，基于D型行波原理，利用参考测量点和测量点1所在线路计算出故障点可能的位置，即故障点到测量点的距离l_k1：$l_{k1}=\frac{l_{21}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_2+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=55m,$其中l₂₁是参考测量点和测量点1所在线路长度；运用同样的方法可以利用出参考测量点到其他测量点所在线路计算出故障点到测量点2的距离分别为：l_k2=0m，l_k3=45m，l_k4=45m，l_k5=50m，l_k6=45m，l_k7=40m，l_k8=50m，l_k9=50m，l_k10=55m，l_k11=50m，l_k12=55m，l_k13=45m，l_k14=55m；Step 2. Preliminary fault location: After selecting measurement point 2 as the reference measurement point, based on the D-type traveling wave principle, use the reference measurement point and the line where measurement point 1 is located to calculate the possible location of the fault point, that is, the distance from the fault point to the measurement point l_k1 :$l_{k1}=\frac{l_{\mathrm{twenty\; one}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_2+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=55m,$ Among them, l₂₁ is the reference measurement point and the length of the line where the measurement point 1 is located; using the same method, the distance from the fault point to the measurement point 2 can be calculated by using the same method from the reference measurement point to other measurement points: l_k2 =0m, l_k3 =45m, l_k4 =45m, l_k5 =50m, l_k6 =45m, l_k7 =40m, l_k8 =50m, l_k9 =50m, l_k10 =55m, l_k11 =50m, l_k12 =55m, l_k13 =45m, l_k14 =55m;

步骤3、故障定位结果确定：从初步故障定位结果中选取最大值即可作为最终故障精确定位结果，即故障点到参考测量点的距离l_k2为：l_k2=max（l_ki）=l_k1=55m，这样故障点位于测量点2与测量点1所在线路到参考测量点的距离为55m，与实际故障点相比，本发明的测量误差为5m。Step 3. Determination of fault location results: Select the maximum value from the preliminary fault location results as the final precise fault location result, that is, the distance l_k2 from the fault point to the reference measurement point is: l_k2 =max(l_ki )=l_k1 =55m, the fault point is positioned at measuring point 2 and the distance of measuring point 1 place line to the reference measuring point is 55m like this, compared with actual fault point, the measurement error of the present invention is 5m.

实施例2：电压等级为10kV，测量点1为电源端的测量点，其所在的分支线长度为l₁=100m；测量点2，测量点3，测量点4，测量点5，测量点6，测量点7，测量点8，测量点9，测量点10，测量点11，测量点12，测量点13，测量点14为配电网中各线路末端的测量点，其所在分支线长度分别为l₂=100m，l₃=150m，l₄=100m，l₅=200m，l₆=300m，l₇=200m，l₈=100m，l₉=100m，l₁₀=200m，l₁₁=200m，l₁₂=200m，l₁₃=200m，l₁₄=400m；A，B，C，…，J，K为线路的分支点，其相邻两点距离分别为l_AB=500m，l_BC=800m，l_CD=1500m，l_DE＝1000m，l_FG=500m，l_GH=100m，l_GI=1500m，l_IJ＝1000m，l_JK=100m；S为电源接入点，距离分支点A和分支点F的距离分别为l_SA=1500m和l_SF=500m；实际故障点k位于AB段到测量点2的距离为300m，波速v＝3×10⁸m/s。t=0.025s时刻发生故障。Embodiment 2: the voltage level is 10kV, the measurement point 1 is the measurement point of the power supply end, and the length of the branch line where it is located is l₁ =100m; the measurement point 2, the measurement point 3, the measurement point 4, the measurement point 5, the measurement point 6, Measuring point 7, measuring point 8, measuring point 9, measuring point 10, measuring point 11, measuring point 12, measuring point 13, and measuring point 14 are the measuring points at the end of each line in the distribution network, and the lengths of the branch lines where they are located are respectively l₂ =100m, l₃ =150m, l₄ =100m, l₅ =200m, l₆ =300m, l₇ =200m, l₈ =100m, l₉ =100m, l₁₀ =200m, l₁₁ =200m, l₁₂ =200m, l₁₃ =200m, l₁₄ =400m; A, B, C, ..., J, K are branch points of the line, and the distance between two adjacent points is l_AB =500m, l_BC =800m, l_CD =1500m, l_DE =1000m, l_FG =500m, l_GH =100m, l_GI =1500m, l_IJ =1000m, l_JK =100m; S is the power access point, the distance from branch point A and branch point F The distances are l_SA =1500m and l_SF =500m respectively; the actual fault point k is located in section AB and the distance from measurement point 2 is 300m, and the wave velocity v=3×10⁸ m/s. A fault occurs at t=0.025s.

步骤1、选取参考测量点：故障发生后，在时间同步情况下各个测量点接收到的故障初始行波时间为：T₁=25006.0μs，T₂=25001.0μs，T₃=25001.5μs，T₄=25004.0μs，T₅=25009.4μs，T₆=25013.0μs，T₇=25012.7μs，T₈=25007.7μs，T₉=25009.7μs，T₁₀=25010.0μs，T₁₁=25014.7μs，T₁₂=25018.0μs，T₁₃=25018.4μs，T₁₄=25019.0μs；由以上可以看出测量点2为故障初始行波最先到达的测量点，该点对应的故障初始行波到达时间为T₂=25001.0μs，故选取该点为参考测量点；Step 1. Select the reference measurement point: After the fault occurs, the fault initial travel time received by each measurement point under the condition of time synchronization is: T₁ =25006.0μs, T₂ =25001.0μs, T₃ =25001.5μs, T₄ =25004.0μs, T₅ =25009.4μs, T₆ =25013.0μs, T₇ =25012.7μs, T₈ =25007.7μs, T₉ =25009.7μs, T₁₀ =25010.0μs, T₁₁ =25014.7μs, T₁₂ =25018.0 μs, T₁₃ =25018.4μs, T₁₄ =25019.0μs; From the above, it can be seen that the measurement point 2 is the measurement point where the fault initial traveling wave arrives first, and the arrival time of the fault initial traveling wave corresponding to this point is T₂ =25001.0μs , so this point is selected as the reference measurement point;

步骤2、初步故障定位：选取测量点2为参考测量点之后，基于D型行波原理，利用参考测量点和测量点1所在线路计算出故障点可能的位置即故障点到测量点的距离l_k1：$l_{k1}=\frac{l_{21}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_2+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=100m,$其中l₂₁是测量点2和测量点1所在线路长度；运用同样的方法可以利用出参考测量点到其他测量点所在线路计算出故障点到测量点2的距离分别为：l_k2=0m，l_k3=300m，l_k4=300m，l_k5=290m，l_k6=300m，l_k7=295m，l_k8=95m，l_k9=95m，l_k10=100m，l_k11=95m，l_k12=100m，l_k13=90m，l_k14=100m；Step 2. Preliminary fault location: After selecting measurement point 2 as the reference measurement point, based on the D-type traveling wave principle, use the reference measurement point and the line where measurement point 1 is located to calculate the possible location of the fault point, that is, the distance l from the fault point to the measurement point_k1 :$l_{k1}=\frac{l_{\mathrm{twenty\; one}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_2+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+v(T_2-T_1)}{2}=100m,$ Among them, l₂₁ is the length of the line where measurement point 2 and measurement point 1 are located; using the same method, the distance from the fault point to measurement point 2 can be calculated by using the same method from the reference measurement point to the line where other measurement points are located: l_k2 =0m, l_k3 =300m, l_k4 =300m, l_k5 =290m, l_k6 =300m, l_k7 =295m, l_k8 =95m, l_k9 =95m, l_k10 =100m, l_k11 =95m, l_k12 =100m, l_k13 =90m,_lk14 =100m;

步骤3、故障定位结果确定：从初步故障定位结果中选取最大值即可作为最终故障精确定位结果，即故障点到测量点2的距离l_k2为：l_k2=max（l_ki）=l_k3=300m，这样故障点位于测量点2与测量点3所在线路到测量点2的距离为300m，与实际故障点相比，本发明的测量误差为0m。Step 3. Determination of fault location results: Select the maximum value from the preliminary fault location results as the final precise fault location result, that is, the distance l_k2 from the fault point to measurement point 2 is: l_k2 =max(l_ki )=l_k3 =300m, the fault point is positioned at measuring point 2 and the distance of measuring point 3 place line to measuring point 2 is 300m like this, compared with actual fault point, the measuring error of the present invention is 0m.

实施例3：电压等级为10kV，1为电源端的测量点，其所在的分支线长度为l₁=100m；2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9，10，11，12，13，14为配电网中各线路末端的测量点，其所在分支线长度分别为l₂=100m，l₃=150m，l₄=100m，l₅=200m，l₆=300m，l₇=200m，l₈=100m，l₉=100m，l₁₀=200m，l₁₁=200m，l₁₂=200m，l₁₃=200m，l₁₄=400m；A，B，C，…，J，K为线路的分支点，其相邻两点距离分别为l_AB=500m，l_BC=800m，l_CD=1500m，l_DE=1000m，l_FG=500m，l_GH=100m，l_GI=1500m，l_IJ＝1000m，l_JK=100m；S为电源接入点，距离分支点A和分支点F的距离分别为l_SA=1500m和l_SF=500m；实际故障点k位于分支点B，行波在输电线路中的波速v＝3×10⁸m/s。t=0.025s时刻发生故障。Embodiment 3: the voltage level is 10kV, 1 is the measurement point of the power supply end, and the length of the branch line where it is located is l₁ =100m; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are the measurement points at the end of each line in the distribution network, and the lengths of the branch lines where they are located are l₂ =100m, l₃ =150m, l₄ =100m, l₅ =200m, l₆ =300m, l₇ = 200m, l₈ =100m, l₉ =100m, l₁₀ =200m, l₁₁ =200m, l₁₂ =200m, l₁₃ =200m, l₁₄ =400m; A, B, C, ..., J, K are lines , the distance between two adjacent points is l_AB =500m, l_BC =800m, l_CD =1500m, l_DE =1000m, l_FG =500m, l_GH =100m, l_GI =1500m, l_IJ = 1000m, l_JK =100m; S is the power access point, and the distances from branch point A and branch point F are l_SA =1500m and l_SF =500m respectively; the actual fault point k is located at branch point B, and the traveling wave is on the transmission line The wave velocity in v=3×10⁸ m/s. A fault occurs at t=0.025s.

步骤1、选取参考测量点：故障发生后，在时间同步情况下各个测量点接收到的故障初始行波时间为：T₁=25007.0μs，T₂=25002.0μs，T₃=25000.5μs，T₄=25003.0μs，T₅=25008.4μs，T₆=25012.0μs，T₇=25011.7μs，T₈=25008.7μs，T₉=25010.7μs，T₁₀=25011.0μs，T₁₁=25015.7μs，T₁₂=25019.0μs，T₁₃=25019.4μs，T₁₄=25020.0μs；由以上可以看出测量点3为故障初始行波最先到达的测量点，该点对应的故障初始行波到达时间为T₃=25000.5μs，故选取该点为参考测量点；Step 1. Select the reference measurement point: After the fault occurs, the fault initial travel time received by each measurement point under the condition of time synchronization is: T₁ =25007.0μs, T₂ =25002.0μs, T₃ =25000.5μs, T₄ =25003.0μs, T₅ =25008.4μs, T₆ =25012.0μs, T₇ =25011.7μs, T₈ =25008.7μs, T₉ =25010.7μs, T₁₀ =25011.0μs, T₁₁ =25015.7μs, T₁₂ =25019.0 μs, T₁₃ =25019.4μs, T₁₄ =25020.0μs; From the above, it can be seen that the measurement point 3 is the measurement point where the fault initial traveling wave arrives first, and the arrival time of the fault initial traveling wave corresponding to this point is T₃ =25000.5μs , so this point is selected as the reference measurement point;

步骤2、初步故障定位：选取测量点3为参考测量点之后，基于D型行波原理，利用参考测量点和测量点1所在线路计算出故障点可能的位置即故障点到测量点3的距离l_k31：$l_{k31}=\frac{l_{31}+v(T_3-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_3+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+l_{\mathrm{AB}}+v(T_3-T_1)}{2}=150m,$其中l₃₁是测量点3和测量点1所在线路长度；运用同样的方法可以利用出参考测量点到其他测量点所在线路计算出故障点到测量点3的距离分别为：l_k32=150m，l_k33=0m，l_k34=150m，l_k35=140m，l_k36=150m，l_k37=145m，l_k38=145m，l_k39=145m，l_k310=150m，l_k311=145m，l_k312=150m，l_k313=140m，l_k314=150m；Step 2. Preliminary fault location: After selecting measurement point 3 as the reference measurement point, based on the D-type traveling wave principle, use the reference measurement point and the line where measurement point 1 is located to calculate the possible location of the fault point, that is, the distance from the fault point to measurement point 3 l_k31 :$l_{k31}=\frac{l_{31}+v(T_3-T_1)}{2}=\frac{l_1+l_3+l_{\mathrm{SA}}+l_{\mathrm{AB}}+v(T_3-T_1)}{2}=150m,$ Among them_{, l31} is the length of the line where measurement point 3 and measurement point 1 are located; using the same method, the distance from the fault point to measurement point 3 can be calculated by using the same method from the reference measurement point to the line where other measurement points are located: l_k32 =150m, l_k33 =0m, l_k34 =150m, l_k35 =140m, l_k36 =150m, l_{k37 =145m, l k38=} 145m, l_k39 =145m, l_k310 =150m, l_k311 =145m, l_k312 =150m, l_k313 =140m,_lk314 =150m;

步骤3、故障定位结果确定：从初步故障定位结果中选取最大值即可作为最终故障精确定位结果，即故障点到测量点3的距离l_k3为：l_k3=max（l_k3i）=l_k31=150m，这样故障点位于测量点3与测量点1所在线路到测量点3的距离为150m，与实际故障点相比，本发明的测量误差为0m。Step 3. Determination of fault location results: Select the maximum value from the preliminary fault location results as the final precise fault location result, that is, the distance l_k3 from the fault point to measurement point 3 is: l_k3 =max(l_k3i )=l_k31 =150m, the fault point is positioned at measuring point 3 and the distance of measuring point 1 place line to measuring point 3 is 150m like this, compared with actual fault point, the measuring error of the present invention is 0m.

Claims (1)

1. electrical power distribution network fault location method based on the capable ripple principle of D type is characterized in that adopting following steps:

(1) choose the reference measure point: use i=1,2,3 ..., m ..., n represents to be positioned at the measurement point of each feeder terminal of power distribution network, T_iThe fault initial row ripple time that it received in the time synchronized situation when expression fault occured; Wherein m is the measurement point that fault initial row ripple arrives at first, and be T fault initial row ripple time of arrival that this point is corresponding_m, choosing this point is the reference measure point;

(2) preliminary localization of fault: choose after the reference measure point m, based on the capable ripple principle of D type, utilize respectively reference measure point and the measurement point i place routine calculation possible position of a distance of being out of order, namely the trouble spot arrive reference measure point apart from l_Ki:

L wherein_MiBe the line length that reference measure is put measurement point i, v is row ripple velocity of propagation in the line;

(3) the localization of fault result determines: from preliminary localization of fault result, choose maximal value and namely can be used as the accurate positioning result of final fault, namely the trouble spot to reference measure point apart from l_KmFor: l_Km=max(l_Ki).