CN102959382A - Non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a nondestructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables, which can improve the accuracy of the measured value of the characteristics of the fruits and vegetables by inhibiting the influence of the external light on the received light, and can simultaneously measure the light with a plurality of ranges of wavelengths. A nondestructive measurement device for fruits and vegetables, which is provided with a light emitting unit (1) for irradiating light, a light receiving unit (2) for receiving diffused light, and a processing unit for calculating the amount of transmitted light based on the diffused light detected by the light receiving unit and calculating the evaluation value of fruits and vegetables based on a calibration curve, is provided with: a plurality of optical sensors (61, 62) arranged on the surface of the substrate (6); a plurality of optical filters (51, 52) respectively arranged in the vicinity of the respective photosensors; a filter holding unit (5) that surrounds and holds the optical filters around the respective photosensors; optical transmission cables (31, 32) for transmitting the diffused light detected by the light receiving unit to the optical filters; and a cable support part (4) which surrounds the ends of the optical transmission cable, is connected with the filter holding part and holds the ends of the optical transmission cable.

Description

Translated fromChinese

果蔬的非破坏测定装置Non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及用于不破坏果蔬而测定其糖度或熟度等特性的装置。The present invention relates to a device for measuring properties such as sugar content or ripeness of fruits and vegetables without destroying them.

背景技术Background technique

作为不破坏果蔬而测定其特性的装置，有接受透过果蔬的光并测定在果蔬内部吸收的吸光度的透光型的测定装置（参照专利文献1及2）。上述透光型的测定装置中，投光部和受光部在以果蔬为中心的相反两侧相向地设置，因此必须将装置整体固定，而不易移动。因此，上述测定装置专门在果蔬市场等中使用于在传输设备上搬运的果蔬。As an apparatus for measuring properties of fruits and vegetables without destroying them, there is a light transmission type measuring apparatus that receives light transmitted through the fruits and vegetables and measures absorbance absorbed inside the fruits and vegetables (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the above-mentioned light-transmitting measuring device, the light projecting part and the light receiving part are provided on opposite sides centering on the fruits and vegetables, so the whole device must be fixed so that it cannot be easily moved. Therefore, the above measuring device is exclusively used for fruits and vegetables transported on conveying equipment in fruit and vegetable markets and the like.

相对于此，为了能够使果蔬的测定装置移动，将投光部与受光部接近配置，接受在果蔬表面反射的反射光的光反射型或接受在果蔬内部扩散之后放出的扩散光的光扩散型的测定装置被开发出来（参照专利文献3或4）。这种测定装置使用LED作为投射光源，通过该LED来照射规定波长的近红外线，根据该波长的反射率或透过率等，来运算应测定的特性（例如糖度或熟度）。另外，作为测定从果蔬放出的透过光的光量而判断该果蔬的特性用的方法，关于作为测定对象的果蔬，预先准备基于实测值与测定值（吸光度计测值）的相关关系的检量线，将反射光或扩散光的测定值与该检量线进行比较，由此算出果蔬的特性（评价量）（参照专利文献5）。On the other hand, in order to move the measurement device of fruits and vegetables, the light projecting part and the light receiving part are placed close to each other, and the light reflection type receives the reflected light reflected on the surface of the fruit and vegetable, or the light diffusion type receives the diffused light emitted after being diffused inside the fruit and vegetable. A measurement device has been developed (refer toPatent Document 3 or 4). This type of measurement device uses LEDs as a projection light source, irradiates near-infrared rays of a predetermined wavelength through the LEDs, and calculates the characteristics to be measured (such as sugar content or ripeness) based on the reflectance or transmittance of the wavelength. In addition, as a method for measuring the amount of transmitted light emitted from fruits and vegetables to determine the characteristics of the fruits and vegetables, for the fruits and vegetables to be measured, a detection method based on the correlation between the actual measured value and the measured value (absorbance measurement value) is prepared in advance. The characteristic (evaluation amount) of fruits and vegetables is calculated by comparing the measured value of reflected light or diffused light with the calibration curve (see Patent Document 5).

在先技术文献prior art literature

专利文献patent documents

专利文献1：日本特开平6-186159号公报Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-186159

专利文献2：日本特开2002-122536号公报Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-122536

专利文献3：日本特开平5-288674号公报Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-288674

专利文献4：日本特开2000-88747号公报Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-88747

专利文献5：日本特开2006-226775号公报Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-226775

发明的概要Summary of the invention

发明要解决的课题The problem to be solved by the invention

然而，在上述所示的光反射型或光扩散型的果蔬测定装置中，将向果蔬照射的光源形成为特定波长，因此根据应测定的果蔬的特性而确定照射的光的波长。因此，在同时测定糖度和熟度时，必须分多次照射不同的波长的光，并对其依次接受，从而测定会花费时间。尤其是测定多个不同的波长的反射光或扩散光的情况下，光源的个数及测定的次数显著增加，从而导致装置的大型化及测定时间的长期化。However, in the light reflection type or light diffusion type fruit and vegetable measuring device described above, the light source irradiated on the fruit and vegetable is formed to have a specific wavelength, so the wavelength of the irradiated light is determined according to the characteristics of the fruit and vegetable to be measured. Therefore, when simultaneously measuring the sugar content and the ripeness, it is necessary to irradiate light of different wavelengths a plurality of times and receive them sequentially, and the measurement takes time. In particular, when measuring reflected light or diffused light of a plurality of different wavelengths, the number of light sources and the number of times of measurement increase remarkably, resulting in an increase in size of the device and prolongation of measurement time.

因此，尽管人们考虑不确定照射光的波长，而通过分光器对反射光或扩散光进行分光来对特定波长的光进行测定，但是由于分光器的造价高，因此测定装置整体的价格高涨。Therefore, although it is considered that the wavelength of the irradiated light is not determined, the reflected light or the diffused light is spectroscopically measured by a spectroscope to measure light of a specific wavelength. However, the cost of the spectroscope is high, so the cost of the measurement device as a whole is high.

此外，在根据透过果蔬的内部的光的量来运算该果蔬的特性时，出现了因外部的光侵入照射的光及接受到的光而产生误差的情况。因此，讨论了将受光部配置在中心，并将其周边的发光部与果蔬表面之间密闭的情况，但在外部的光侵入到从受光部到光传感器的传输中途或传输末端时，仍然会产生误差。In addition, when calculating the characteristics of the fruit and vegetable based on the amount of light transmitted through the interior of the fruit and vegetable, errors may occur due to intrusion of external light into the irradiated light and received light. Therefore, the case where the light-receiving part is arranged at the center and the surrounding light-emitting part and the surface of the fruit and vegetable are considered to be airtight, but when external light invades the middle or end of the transmission from the light-receiving part to the photosensor, it still occurs. error occurs.

发明内容Contents of the invention

因此，本发明鉴于上述各点而作出，其目的在于提供一种通过抑制外部光对接受到的光的影响来提高果蔬的特性的计测值的精度，并能同时测定多个范围的波长的光的果蔬的非破坏测定装置。Therefore, the present invention is made in view of the above-mentioned points, and its object is to provide a method that can improve the accuracy of measured values of the characteristics of fruits and vegetables by suppressing the influence of external light on received light, and can simultaneously measure light in multiple ranges of wavelengths. Non-destructive measurement device for fruits and vegetables.

用于解决课题的手段means to solve the problem

为了实现上述目的，本发明涉及一种果蔬的非破坏测定装置，具备：发光部，对测定对象果蔬照射光；受光部，接收从该果蔬放出的扩散光；以及处理单元，根据受光部检测到的扩散光而算出透过光量，根据检量线运算果蔬的评价量，所述果蔬的非破坏测定装置的特征在于，具备：多个光传感器，配置于基板上；多个光学滤波器，分别配置在各光传感器的附近；滤波器保持部，分别包围所述光传感器的周围且保持所述光学滤波器；多个光传输线缆，由多个光纤构成，将由所述受光部检测到的扩散光向所述各光学滤波器传输；以及线缆支承部，包围该光传输线缆的各末端且将该末端保持在所述各光学滤波器的附近。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a non-destructive measurement device for fruits and vegetables, comprising: a light-emitting unit that irradiates light to the fruit and vegetable to be measured; a light-receiving unit that receives diffused light emitted from the fruit and vegetable; and a processing unit that detects The amount of transmitted light is calculated based on the diffused light, and the evaluation amount of fruits and vegetables is calculated according to the calibration curve. The non-destructive measurement device for fruits and vegetables is characterized in that it has: a plurality of optical sensors arranged on the substrate; a plurality of optical filters, respectively Arranged in the vicinity of each optical sensor; a filter holding part respectively surrounds the periphery of the optical sensor and holds the optical filter; a plurality of optical transmission cables is composed of a plurality of optical fibers, and transmits the light detected by the light receiving part The diffused light is transmitted toward the respective optical filters; and a cable support portion surrounds and holds respective ends of the light transmission cables in the vicinity of the respective optical filters.

根据上述结构，从受光部入射的扩散光经由光传输线缆向多个光学滤波器传输，经由该光学滤波器而仅规定范围的波长的光到达多个光传感器，因此能够同时检测多个种类的光。因此，通过选择经由了任一个光学滤波器的光的测定值，对于特定的果蔬，能够运算出希望的特性的判断所需的透过光量。另外，扩散光是指照射到果蔬的光在该果蔬的内部扩散之后，从该果蔬放出的光，是与在果蔬的表面反射的光（反射光）不同种类的光。According to the above configuration, the diffused light incident from the light receiving part is transmitted to the plurality of optical filters through the optical transmission cable, and only the light of a predetermined range of wavelengths reaches the plurality of optical sensors through the optical filter, so that it is possible to detect a plurality of types simultaneously. of light. Therefore, by selecting the measured value of the light passing through any one of the optical filters, it is possible to calculate the amount of transmitted light required for judging desired characteristics with respect to specific fruits and vegetables. In addition, diffused light refers to light emitted from the fruit and vegetable after the light irradiated on the fruit and vegetable diffuses inside the fruit and vegetable, and is a different type of light from light reflected on the surface of the fruit and vegetable (reflected light).

发明效果Invention effect

根据本发明，通过光学滤波器能够向光传感器照射扩散光的特定范围的波长的光，能够廉价地对扩散光进行分类。而且，光传输线缆的末端由线缆支承部包围，光传感器的周边由滤波器保持部包围，而且光学滤波器保持在滤波器保持部的内部，由此在光的传输路径的连接位置上被遮光，因此能抑制外部的光对传输的扩散光的影响。According to the present invention, it is possible to irradiate the optical sensor with light in a specific range of wavelengths of the diffused light through the optical filter, and it is possible to classify the diffused light at low cost. Moreover, the end of the optical transmission cable is surrounded by the cable support part, the periphery of the optical sensor is surrounded by the filter holding part, and the optical filter is held inside the filter holding part, thereby at the connection position of the light transmission path It is light-shielded, so the influence of external light on the transmitted diffused light can be suppressed.

此外，能够向多个光传感器同时照射不同范围的波长的光，因此对于测定对象的果蔬，能够同时得到多种的测定值，基于应测定的波长的光，能够同时算出其他种类的特性的评价量。而且，这多个波长的扩散光分类成一个扩散光，因此能够短时间地进行测定。In addition, multiple photosensors can be simultaneously irradiated with light of different ranges of wavelengths, so various measured values can be simultaneously obtained for the fruits and vegetables to be measured, and evaluations of other types of characteristics can be simultaneously calculated based on the light of the wavelength to be measured. quantity. Furthermore, since the diffused light of these multiple wavelengths is sorted into one diffused light, measurement can be performed in a short time.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是表示本发明的实施方式的说明图。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是II-II剖视图。Fig. 2 is a II-II sectional view.

符号说明Symbol Description

1发光部1 light emitting part

2受光部2 light receiving part

3光传输线缆组3 optical transmission cable set

4线缆支承部4 cable support part

5滤波器保持部5 Filter Holder

6基板6 substrate

11、12发光体（卤素灯）11, 12 illuminants (halogen lamps)

21缓冲构件21 cushioning member

31、32光传输线缆31, 32 optical transmission cables

31a、32a覆盖材料31a, 32a covering material

51、52光学滤波器51, 52 optical filter

61、62光传感器61, 62 light sensor

71、72遮光构件71, 72 shading member

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下，基于附图，说明本发明的实施方式。图1是表示本实施方式的内部结构的图。如该图所示，说明本实施方式的概略情况，在有底筒状的测定装置A的开口部附近设有发光部1及受光部2，由受光部2检测的扩散光经由光传输线缆组3及从该光传输线缆组3分支的各个光传输线缆31，向设置在装置主体A的底部附近的线缆支承部4传输。该线缆支承部4对分支而成的光传输线缆31的末端进行支承，并与保持光学滤波器的滤波器保持部5连续。该滤波器保持部5接近具有光传感器的基板6而设置。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the outline of this embodiment will be described. A light-emitting unit 1 and a light-receiving unit 2 are provided near the opening of a bottomed cylindrical measuring device A, and diffused light detected by the light-receiving unit 2 passes through an optical transmission cable. Thegroup 3 and theoptical transmission cables 31 branched from the opticaltransmission cable group 3 are transmitted to thecable support portion 4 provided near the bottom of the main body A of the device. Thecable support portion 4 supports the end of the branchedoptical transmission cable 31 and is continuous with the filter holding portion 5 that holds the optical filter. The filter holder 5 is provided close to thesubstrate 6 having the photosensor.

发光部1具有由壁面部及底面部构成的形成为有底筒状的框体10，在底部设有发光体11、12。该发光体11、12设置在框体10的底部，框体10对该发光体11、12的光进行反射，并将光朝向该框体10的开口部引导。即，框体10的侧壁以从底面侧朝向开口部侧扩张的方式倾斜。另外，为了使该框体10的底面部及侧面部能够反射光，而涂布有反射剂。而且，在对框体10进行支承的装置主体A的开口部设有圆环状的缓冲构件，在使发光部1与果蔬F的表面抵接时，以免该果蔬F发生损伤。The light emitting unit 1 has a bottomed cylindrical frame 10 composed of a wall surface and a bottom surface, andlight emitters 11 and 12 are provided at the bottom. Thelight emitters 11 and 12 are disposed at the bottom of the frame body 10 , and the frame body 10 reflects light from thelight emitters 11 and 12 and guides the light toward the opening of the frame body 10 . That is, the side wall of the housing 10 is inclined so as to expand from the bottom side toward the opening side. In addition, a reflective agent is coated on the bottom surface and the side surface of the housing 10 to reflect light. Furthermore, an annular cushioning member is provided at the opening of the device main body A supporting the frame body 10 to prevent the fruits and vegetables F from being damaged when the light emitting unit 1 is brought into contact with the surface of the fruits and vegetables F.

上述的发光体11、12在本实施方式中使用能够同时发出可视光至近红外线的卤素灯，在受光部2的周围配置多个（在图中为2个）。由于在发光部1的中央设有受光部2，因而将上述的发光体11、12配置在以该受光部2为中心的同心圆上。In this embodiment, the above-mentionedilluminants 11 and 12 are halogen lamps capable of simultaneously emitting visible light to near-infrared rays, and a plurality of them (two in the figure) are arranged around the light receiving unit 2 . Since the light receiving unit 2 is provided at the center of the light emitting unit 1 , the aforementionedlight emitting bodies 11 and 12 are arranged on concentric circles centered on the light receiving unit 2 .

另外，发光体11、12并未限定为卤素灯，只要同时能够照射宽幅的范围的波长的光，就能够作为本实施方式的发光体而使用。而且，发光体11、12并未限定为2个，如果能够利用1个来透过果蔬并得到扩散光那么可以为1个，也可以为3个以上。In addition, theilluminants 11 and 12 are not limited to halogen lamps, and can be used as the illuminants of this embodiment as long as they can irradiate light of a wide range of wavelengths at the same time. In addition, the number ofilluminants 11 and 12 is not limited to two, and may be one, or three or more, as long as one can transmit fruits and vegetables and obtain diffused light.

受光部2由贯通发光部1的框体10的底面的筒体构成，在该筒体形成有凸缘状的托座，该托座以与所述框体10的底部抵接的方式设置。筒体的前端开口，扩散光能够从该前端入射。因此，通过使测定对象的果蔬F与受光部2抵接而从发光部1照射光，由此将发光部1的光向果蔬F照射，透过其内部，或能够使漫反射之后的扩散光从受光部2入射。在筒体的前端安装有使圆环状逐渐扩宽的形状（抛物线形）的缓冲构件21，在与果蔬F发生抵接时来缓和与该果蔬F的表面的冲击。该缓冲构件21由于圆环部分与果蔬表面抵接且使用具有弹性力的原料，因此能够与果蔬的表面密接，至少能抑制从发光部1照射的光的侵入。The light receiving unit 2 is formed of a cylindrical body penetrating through the bottom of the housing 10 of the light emitting unit 1 , and a flange-shaped bracket is formed on the cylindrical body so as to be in contact with the bottom of the housing 10 . The front end of the cylindrical body is opened, and the diffused light can be incident from the front end. Therefore, by bringing the fruit and vegetable F to be measured into contact with the light receiving unit 2 and irradiating light from the light emitting unit 1, the light of the light emitting unit 1 is irradiated to the fruit and vegetable F and transmitted through the inside thereof, or the diffused light after diffuse reflection Incident from the light receiving unit 2. A buffer member 21 having a gradually widening circular shape (parabolic shape) is attached to the front end of the cylinder, and cushions the impact on the surface of the fruit and vegetable F when it comes into contact with the fruit and vegetable F. Since the buffer member 21 is made of an elastic material in contact with the surface of the fruit and vegetable, the circular portion can be in close contact with the surface of the fruit and vegetable, and at least the intrusion of the light irradiated from the light emitting unit 1 can be suppressed.

向这种结构的受光部2插入使光传输线缆31集中的光传输线缆组3，该光传输线缆组3的前端位于构成受光部2的筒体的开口部附近。因此，入射到受光部2的筒体内部的扩散光与此同时向光传输线缆组3的前端入射。Into the light receiving unit 2 having such a structure, the opticaltransmission cable group 3 in which theoptical transmission cables 31 are collected is inserted, and the tip of the opticaltransmission cable group 3 is located near the opening of the cylindrical body constituting the light receiving unit 2 . Therefore, the diffused light entering the cylindrical body of the light receiving unit 2 simultaneously enters the front end of the opticaltransmission cable set 3 .

该光传输线缆组3在从受光部2到线缆支承部4的中间，分支成各个光传输线缆31。并且，各个光传输线缆31将极细的光纤集合而构成。在本实施方式中，对于1根光传输线缆31，使用约1000根的光纤，由此，提高随机性。即，在通过1根或极少的根数的光纤来传输扩散光时，通过入射到该少的光纤的光来决定光量，但像本实施方式那样通过多个光纤来构成光传输线缆31时，通过向各光纤入射的光的整体，能够测定各波长的光量，因此对于测定的特定波长的光量，能够抑制测定误差的发生。The opticaltransmission cable group 3 is branched into individualoptical transmission cables 31 in the middle from the light receiving unit 2 to thecable support unit 4 . In addition, eachoptical transmission cable 31 is configured by gathering extremely thin optical fibers. In this embodiment, randomness is improved by using about 1000 optical fibers for oneoptical transmission cable 31 . That is, when diffused light is transmitted by one or a very small number of optical fibers, the light quantity is determined by the light incident on the few optical fibers, but theoptical transmission cable 31 is configured by a plurality of optical fibers as in the present embodiment. When , the light intensity of each wavelength can be measured based on the entirety of light incident on each optical fiber, and therefore, the occurrence of measurement errors can be suppressed for the measured light amount of a specific wavelength.

另外，光传输线缆组3或光传输线缆31在受光部2至线缆支承部4的中间，作为整体而形成1个环。该环形成的位置与光传输线缆31分支的前后无关，构成它们的光纤形成环。光纤形成环由此该光纤将弯曲，因此在外部的微弱的光照射到包层时，避免其到达芯部。由此，由受光部2检测到的扩散光通过光传输线缆组3及各个光传输线缆31，抑制外部的光的影响并同时传输至线缆支承部4。In addition, the opticaltransmission cable group 3 or theoptical transmission cable 31 forms one loop as a whole between the light receiving unit 2 and thecable supporting unit 4 . The positions where the loops are formed are irrespective of the front and back of the branches of theoptical transmission cable 31, and the optical fibers constituting them form a loop. The fiber forms a ring whereby the fiber will bend, thus preventing the weak light from the outside from reaching the core when it hits the cladding. Accordingly, the diffused light detected by the light receiving unit 2 passes through the opticaltransmission cable group 3 and eachoptical transmission cable 31 , and is transmitted to thecable support unit 4 while suppressing the influence of external light.

接下来，说明光传输线缆组3的末端及基板6的周边结构。图2是表示从光传输线缆组3的末端到基板6的范围的详细情况的图。如该图所示，从光传输线缆组3分支而成的各个光传输线缆31、32、…其端部附近由覆盖材料31a、32a、…覆盖，包含该覆盖材料31a、32a、…在内的端部附近整体支承在线缆支承部4的内部。Next, the configuration of the ends of the opticaltransmission cable group 3 and the periphery of thesubstrate 6 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of the range from the end of the opticaltransmission cable group 3 to thesubstrate 6 . As shown in the figure, the respectiveoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . The entire vicinity of the inner end is supported inside thecable support part 4 .

线缆支承部4设有由遮光率高的树脂构成且能够供上述光传输线缆31、32、…的前端附近穿过的贯通孔41、42、…和供固定螺钉43、44、…相对于该贯通孔41、42、…穿过的螺纹孔。因此，将各个光传输线缆31、32、…的端部附近与覆盖材料31a、32a、…一起向贯通孔41、42、…插入，并利用固定螺钉43、44、…进行固定，由此，该光传输线缆31、32、…的端部被支承在线缆支承部4的贯通孔内，从而能够在该贯通孔内照射传输的扩散光。Thecable support portion 4 is provided with through-holes 41, 42, ... which are made of resin with a high light-shielding rate and can pass through the vicinity of the front ends of the above-mentionedoptical transmission cables 31, 32, ... and are opposed to fixingscrews 43, 44, .... Threaded holes passing through the throughholes 41, 42, . . . Therefore, the vicinity of the ends of the respectiveoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . , the ends of theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, .

在将光传输线缆31、32、…支承在上述线缆支承部4的贯通孔内时，该光传输线缆31、32、…的前端在与滤波器保持部5相向一侧的表面（相向面）极其接近的位置处进行固定。光传输线缆31、32、…的前端无需正好与抵接面一致，但需要接近至没有较大不同的程度进行支承。这是为了使光到达后述的光学滤波器51、52、…或光传感器61、62、…。而且，覆盖材料31a、32a、…设置在比插入到上述贯通孔内的范围充分长的范围，从而固定螺钉43、44、…的前端必然与覆盖材料31a、32a、…抵接。如此，固定螺钉43、44、…必然与覆盖材料抵接，由此，固定螺钉43、44、…与光传输线缆31、32、…其本身不会接触，从而能够保护该光传输线缆31、32。When supporting theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . Facing surfaces) are fixed at positions extremely close to each other. The ends of theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . This is to allow light to reachoptical filters 51, 52, . . . orphotosensors 61, 62, . Also, the coveringmaterials 31a, 32a, ... are provided in a range sufficiently longer than the range inserted into the above-mentioned through holes, so that the tips of the fixing screws 43, 44, ... always come into contact with the coveringmaterials 31a, 32a, .... In this way, the fixing screws 43, 44, . 31, 32.

另外，在线缆支承部4的与滤波器保持部5相向一侧的表面（相向面）中的保持有上述光传输线缆31、32、…的前端的区域上形成有朝向滤波器保持部5突出的突出部分。为了形成该突出部分，而在上述区域的周边设有凹部。而且，在凹部的周边也可以形成比上述突出部分更加突出的部分。如此，通过在抵接面设置凹凸，在将线缆支承部4与滤波器保持部5连接时，即使在两者之间产生微小的间隙的情况下，也能够通过上述凹凸来抑制外部的光的侵入。而且，由于该凹凸的存在，如后述那样，能够与滤波器保持部5的表面嵌合。In addition, on the surface (opposite surface) of thecable support portion 4 facing the filter holding portion 5 , in the area where the front ends of the above-mentionedoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . . . 5 protruding protrusions. In order to form the protruding portion, a recess is provided around the above-mentioned region. Furthermore, a portion that protrudes more than the above-mentioned protruding portion may be formed around the recess. In this way, by providing unevenness on the abutting surface, when connecting thecable support portion 4 and the filter holding portion 5, even if there is a slight gap between the two, external light can be suppressed by the unevenness. intrusion. And, due to the existence of the unevenness, it can be fitted with the surface of the filter holding part 5 as will be described later.

另外，通过固定螺钉43、44、…的紧固，能预想到光传输线缆31、32、…的覆盖材料31a、32a、…的表面发生微小变形，因此为了防止外部光从因该变形而产生的间隙侵入，而在贯通孔41、42、…的开口部附近，在与覆盖材料31a、32a、…之间粘贴有遮光用树脂材料（例如，moltoprene（注册商标）等）MP1、MP2、…。In addition, it is expected that the surfaces of the coveringmaterials 31a, 32a, ... of theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, ... are slightly deformed by tightening the fixing screws 43, 44, .... The resulting gap penetrates, and in the vicinity of the openings of the throughholes 41, 42, ..., a light-shielding resin material (eg, moltoprene (registered trademark) etc.) …

在上述那样的结构的线缆支承部4上连续地配置有滤波器保持部5。该滤波器保持部5与线缆支承部4同样地由遮光率高的树脂构成。如图示那样，在线缆支承部4与滤波器保持部5的抵接面侧相互形成有用于使两者一体连结的凹凸部。而且，在滤波器保持部5穿设有适当大小的贯通孔，在该贯通孔内能够配置光学滤波器51、52、…。The filter holding part 5 is continuously arranged on thecable supporting part 4 having the above-mentioned structure. The filter holding portion 5 is made of a resin having a high light-shielding rate similarly to thecable supporting portion 4 . As shown in the figure, concavo-convex portions for integrally connecting the two are formed on the abutting surface sides of thecable support portion 4 and the filter holding portion 5 . Further, through-holes of an appropriate size are drilled in the filter holding portion 5, and theoptical filters 51, 52, . . . can be arranged in the through-holes.

另外，在滤波器保持部5的与线缆支承部4相向一侧的表面（相向面）上形成有能够供形成于上述线缆支承部4的突出部分嵌入的凹部，通过该凹部而设置有保持光学滤波器的区域。即，在该凹部的中央穿设有上述贯通孔，在该贯通孔内保持光学滤波器51、52、…。另外，为了形成这种凹部，在滤波器保持区域的周边形成有突出部分，该突出部分被构成为能够嵌入上述线缆支承部4的凹部。此外，上述突出部分的周边也可以设置比所述凹部形成得更深的凹状部分，这种情况下，能够使该凹状部分与上述线缆支承部4的最突出的部分抵接。In addition, on the surface (facing surface) of the filter holding part 5 facing thecable supporting part 4, a recessed part in which the protruding part formed on the above-mentionedcable supporting part 4 can be fitted is formed. Keep the area of the optical filter. That is, the above-mentioned through-hole is formed in the center of the concave portion, and theoptical filters 51, 52, . . . are held in the through-hole. In addition, in order to form such a concave portion, a protruding portion is formed around the filter holding area, and the protruding portion is configured to fit into the concave portion of the above-mentionedcable support portion 4 . In addition, a concave portion formed deeper than the concave portion may be provided around the protruding portion, and in this case, the concave portion can be brought into contact with the most protruding portion of thecable supporting portion 4 .

因此，通过将线缆支承部4与设置于滤波器保持部5的凹凸部嵌合，光传输线缆31、32、…的末端与光学滤波器51、52、…将连接，从该光传输线缆31、32、…的端部朝向光学滤波器51、52、…照射扩散光。而且，上述凹凸部与用于供光传输线缆31、32、…的末端插入的贯通孔41、42、…及用于保持光学滤波器51、52、…的贯通孔具有适度的距离，并以包围该贯通孔的方式设置。由此，从线缆支承部4与滤波器保持部5的抵接面的间隙侵入的光由上述凹凸部遮挡，该光不会到达所述贯通孔。另外，也可以取代通过上述凹凸部来遮挡外部光的结构，而在线缆支承部4与滤波器保持部5的抵接面的周围粘贴遮光用树脂材料（例如，moltoprene（注册商标）等）MP3、MP4。此外，也可以是除了具有凹凸部的结构之外还粘贴遮光用树脂材料MP3、MP4的结构。Therefore, by fitting thecable supporting portion 4 with the concavo-convex portion provided on the filter holding portion 5, the ends of theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, . . . and theoptical filters 51, 52, . The ends of thecables 31, 32, ... radiate diffused light toward theoptical filters 51, 52, .... Moreover, the above-mentioned concavo-convex portion has an appropriate distance from the through-holes 41, 42, . . . provided so as to surround the through hole. As a result, light entering from the gap between the contact surfaces of thecable support portion 4 and the filter holding portion 5 is blocked by the above-mentioned concavo-convex portion, and the light does not reach the through hole. In addition, instead of shielding external light by the above-mentioned concavo-convex part, a light-shielding resin material (for example, moltoprene (registered trademark) etc.) MP3, MP4. In addition, a structure in which the light-shielding resin materials MP3 and MP4 are pasted in addition to the structure having the concavo-convex portion may also be used.

在此，光学滤波器51、52、…配置必要的个数（例如14个），分别使用能够使不同波长的光透过的光学滤波器。因此，若使用例如14个光学滤波器，则能够得到14种波长的光，在假定测量从波长700nm附近的光至波长1000nm附近的光的情况下，在该范围内，能得到希望波长的14种光。由此，能够得到与使用分光器进行分光的情况同样的效果。另外，上述的14种是一例，该数目可以增减。而且，即使在检测14种不同波长的光的情况下，在运算果蔬的特性时，也可以仅选择必要种类数的光的测定值来使用。此外，通过光学滤波器51、52、…能够透过的光距中心波长具有规定的波长宽度，但上述的希望波长的光是指中心波长。并且，本实施方式的光学滤波器使用使中心波长的前后约5nm的范围的波长的光透过的滤波器，但该中心波长前后的波长宽度并未限定于此。Here, theoptical filters 51 , 52 , . Therefore, if for example 14 optical filters are used, 14 kinds of wavelengths of light can be obtained. Assuming that the measurement is from light around 700 nm in wavelength to light around 1000 nm in wavelength, within this range, 14 wavelengths of the desired wavelength can be obtained. kind of light. Thereby, the same effect as that obtained in the case of splitting light using a spectroscope can be obtained. In addition, the above-mentioned 14 types are an example, and this number can be increased or decreased. Furthermore, even in the case of detecting light of 14 different wavelengths, it is possible to select and use only the measured values of light of the necessary number of kinds when calculating the characteristics of fruits and vegetables. In addition, the light that can pass through theoptical filters 51, 52, . In addition, the optical filter of the present embodiment is a filter that transmits light having a wavelength in the range of about 5 nm before and after the center wavelength, but the wavelength width before and after the center wavelength is not limited thereto.

滤波器保持部5如上所述，为了保持多个（例如14个）光学滤波器51、52、…，而穿设有多个（例如14个）贯通孔。在图2中，在2个贯通孔内保持有2个光学滤波器51、52，但通过使与之同样的结构沿着该图的纸面垂直方向连续例如7列，将能够配置总计14个光学滤波器。并且，为了向各个光学滤波器51、52、…同时照射扩散光，光传输线缆31、32、…分支成与光学滤波器51、52、…相同数目（例如14个），它们的末端通过同数（例如14个）的贯通孔41、42、…支承于线缆支承部4。As described above, the filter holder 5 is provided with a plurality of (for example, 14) through-holes in order to hold a plurality of (for example, 14)optical filters 51 , 52 , . . . . In FIG. 2 , twooptical filters 51 and 52 are held in two through holes, but a total of 14 optical filters can be arranged by making the same structure in succession, for example, in seven rows along the vertical direction of the drawing. optical filter. And, in order to simultaneously irradiate diffused light to eachoptical filter 51, 52, ..., theoptical transmission cables 31, 32, ... are branched into the same number (for example, 14) as theoptical filters 51, 52, ..., and their ends pass through The same number (for example, 14) of through-holes 41 , 42 , . . . are supported by thecable support portion 4 .

设置于滤波器保持部5的贯通孔除了与光传输线缆31、32、…连接的开口部之外，还设有与光传感器61、62、…相向的开口部。该开口部是将从基板6突出的光传感器61、62、…配置在贯通孔内的开口部，并以规定的大小开口，由此，该开口部的周边能够将光传感器61、62、…包围。相对于各个贯通孔，通过配置1个光传感器61、62、…，而将该光传感器61、62、…配置成与光学滤波器51、52、…相向。The through hole provided in the filter holding part 5 is provided with openings facing theoptical sensors 61 , 62 , . The opening is an opening in which theoptical sensors 61, 62, . surrounded. By arranging oneoptical sensor 61 , 62 , . . . for each through hole, theoptical sensor 61 , 62 , .

在此，光传感器61、62、…例如可以使用制作于半导体基板上的CMOS传感器，或者可以形成为在基板上安装多个光敏电阻等的结构。无论哪种情况，光传感器61、62、…都从基板6的表面突出，因此通过利用滤波器保持部5的开口部周边将该光传感器61、62、…的周边包围，由此抑制外部的光从基板6的表面侵入。而且，基板6例如通过着色成黑色，能够吸收透过基板的光，能够进一步提高遮光率。Here, thephotosensors 61 , 62 , . . . may use, for example, CMOS sensors fabricated on a semiconductor substrate, or may have a structure in which a plurality of photoresistors are mounted on a substrate. In any case, thephotosensors 61, 62, ... all protrude from the surface of thesubstrate 6, so by surrounding the peripheries of thephotosensors 61, 62, ... with the periphery of the opening of the filter holder 5, the external Light enters from the surface of thesubstrate 6 . In addition, thesubstrate 6 can absorb light transmitted through the substrate by being colored in black, for example, and can further increase the light shielding rate.

此外，在本实施方式中，在滤波器保持部5与光传感器61、62、…之间夹设遮光构件71、72、…。这样的话，从滤波器保持部5与光传感器61、62、…之间侵入的微小的外部光在两者的间隙发生反射，并抑制到达光传感器61、62、…的感光面。遮光构件71、72、…通过遮光率高的材质而构成为膜状，使其中央附近开口（穿设圆形孔），从而能够将透过光学滤波器51、52、…的扩散光向光传感器61、62、…的感光面中央照射。In addition, in this embodiment, thelight shielding members 71, 72, . . . are interposed between the filter holder 5 and theoptical sensors 61, 62, . In this way, minute external light entering between the filter holder 5 and thephotosensors 61, 62, . The light-shieldingmembers 71, 72, ... are formed into a film shape by a material with a high light-shielding rate, and are opened near the center (perforating a circular hole), so that the diffused light passing through theoptical filters 51, 52, ... can be directed towards the light. The center of the photosensitive surface of thesensors 61, 62, . . . is illuminated.

本实施方式为上述的结构，因此利用发光体11、12对果蔬F照射光，由此，光透过果蔬的内部或发生漫反射，然后，受光部2检测扩散光，由该受光部2检测到的扩散光经由从光传输线缆组3分支的各个光传输线缆31、32、…向光学滤波器51、52、…传输。在该光学滤波器51、52、…中透过的特定波长的光到达光传感器61、62、…，通过该光传感器61、62、…来测定光量。因此，能够将经由多个光传输线缆31、32、…而得到的扩散光按波长分类，从而能够同时测定不同波长的光。由该光传感器61、62、…测定的光量的值通过未图示的处理单元进行运算处理，从而算出测定对象的果蔬F的特性（评价量）。The present embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, so the fruits and vegetables F are irradiated with light by theluminous bodies 11 and 12, whereby the light is transmitted through the inside of the fruits and vegetables or diffusely reflected, and then the light receiving part 2 detects the diffused light, and the light receiving part 2 detects the diffused light. The diffused light is transmitted to theoptical filters 51 , 52 , . . . via the respectiveoptical transmission cables 31 , 32 , . The light of a specific wavelength transmitted through theoptical filters 51, 52, . . . reaches thephotosensors 61, 62, . Therefore, diffused light obtained through the plurality ofoptical transmission cables 31 , 32 , . The values of the light quantities measured by theoptical sensors 61 , 62 , .

在评价量的算出中预先使用基于实测值与测定值（吸光度计测值）的相关关系的检量线，并将预先制作而成的检量线的数据存储在处理单元的存储器内。应使用的检量线因测定的果蔬的种类等而不同，因此将多种检量线分类存储。并且，在测定时通过确定测定对象的果蔬的种类/收获时期等，而选择并使用应适用的检量线。而且，根据应测定的特性（糖度、熟度或硬度等），取舍选择应运算的光的种类（波长的范围）（具体而言，将各范围的波长的光量乘以系数），对希望的特性进行运算处理。Calibration curves based on correlations between actual measurement values and measured values (measured absorbance values) are used in advance for calculation of the evaluation quantities, and data of the calibration curves created in advance are stored in the memory of the processing unit. Since the calibration curve to be used differs depending on the type of fruits and vegetables to be measured, a plurality of calibration curves are classified and stored. Then, by specifying the type/harvest time of the fruits and vegetables to be measured at the time of measurement, an applicable calibration curve is selected and used. In addition, according to the characteristics to be measured (sugar content, ripeness, hardness, etc.), the type of light (wavelength range) to be calculated is selected (specifically, the light quantity of each range of wavelength is multiplied by a coefficient), and the desired The characteristics are processed.

本实施方式如以上那样，但本发明并未限定为上述实施方式，可以采取各种形态。例如上述那样，在发光部1的开口部前端安装有圆环状的缓冲构件，该缓冲构件能适度地遮挡装置A的外部的光，但若发光体11、12的光量大，则即使在未充分遮光的情况下，也能够以适度的精度来测定扩散光。因此，可以用具有遮光性的材质来设置该缓冲构件，但并未限定于此。This embodiment is as above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various forms can be taken. For example, as mentioned above, an annular buffer member is installed at the front end of the opening of the light emitting unit 1. This buffer member can moderately block the light outside the device A. Even in the case of sufficient light shielding, diffused light can be measured with moderate accuracy. Therefore, the cushioning member may be provided with a light-shielding material, but is not limited thereto.

另外，说明了使用多个卤素灯作为光源的内容，但在本实施方式中，对光量进行调整以使得该多个卤素灯的总计为20W前后。因此，在2个卤素灯中，使用每1个为10W的卤素灯，在使用3个卤素灯时，使用每1个为6~7W的卤素灯。如此，在使用20W的卤素灯时，通过约0.25秒的照射而能够检测希望的扩散光，在该扩散光的检测后，瞬间地输出运算结果，因此能够使从测量开始到结果输出为止的所需时间约为0.5秒这样极短的时间。Moreover, although the content which used several halogen lamps as a light source was demonstrated, in this embodiment, the light quantity is adjusted so that the total of these several halogen lamps may be about 20W. Therefore, among the two halogen lamps, use a halogen lamp of 10 W each, and when using three halogen lamps, use a halogen lamp of 6 to 7 W each. In this way, when a 20W halogen lamp is used, the desired diffused light can be detected by irradiation for about 0.25 seconds, and the calculation result can be output instantaneously after the detection of the diffused light. It takes an extremely short time of about 0.5 seconds.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种果蔬的非破坏测定装置，具备：发光部，对测定对象果蔬照射光；受光部，接收从该发光部照射的光在该果蔬的内部扩散之后向该果蔬的外部放出的扩散光；以及处理单元，根据受光部检测到的扩散光而算出透过光量，根据检量线运算果蔬的评价量，1. A non-destructive measurement device for fruits and vegetables, comprising: a light-emitting unit that irradiates light to the fruit and vegetable to be measured; a light-receiving unit that receives diffused light emitted from the light irradiated from the light-emitting unit to the outside of the fruit and vegetable after being diffused inside the fruit and vegetable and a processing unit, which calculates the amount of transmitted light according to the diffused light detected by the light receiving part, and calculates the evaluation amount of fruits and vegetables according to the calibration curve,所述果蔬的非破坏测定装置的特征在于，具备：The non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables is characterized in that it has:多个光传感器，配置于基板上；A plurality of light sensors configured on the substrate;透过波长不同的多个光学滤波器，分别配置在各光传感器的附近；A plurality of optical filters with different wavelengths are respectively arranged in the vicinity of each optical sensor;滤波器保持部，分别包围所述光传感器的周围且保持所述光学滤波器；filter holders respectively surrounding the photosensors and holding the optical filters;多个光传输线缆，由多个光纤构成，将由所述受光部检测到的扩散光向所述各光学滤波器传输；a plurality of optical transmission cables, which are composed of a plurality of optical fibers, and transmit the diffused light detected by the light receiving unit to the optical filters;线缆支承部，包围该光传输线缆的各末端且与所述滤波器保持部连接，将该光传输线缆的各末端保持在所述各光学滤波器的附近。The cable support part surrounds each end of the optical transmission cable and is connected to the filter holding part, and holds each end of the optical transmission cable near the respective optical filters.2.根据权利要求1所述的果蔬的非破坏测定装置，其特征在于，2. The non-destructive measuring device of fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that,还具备遮光构件，介于所述滤波器保持部与所述光传感器之间，在该光传感器的感光面中央附近开口。A light shielding member is further provided, interposed between the filter holding portion and the optical sensor, and opening near the center of the photosensitive surface of the optical sensor.3.根据权利要求1或2所述的果蔬的非破坏测定装置，其特征在于，3. The non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,所述滤波器保持部是在与所述线缆支承部相向的表面中的保持有所述光学滤波器的区域形成有凹部而构成的滤波器保持部，所述线缆支承部是在与所述滤波器保持部相向的表面中的保持有所述传输线缆的各末端的区域形成有突出部分而构成的线缆支承部，使所述线缆支承部的突出部分与所述滤波器保持部的凹部嵌合，由此使该线缆支承部与滤波器保持部连接。The filter holding portion is a filter holding portion formed by forming a concave portion in a region where the optical filter is held on a surface facing the cable supporting portion. In the surface facing the filter holding part, a cable supporting part is formed by forming a protruding part in the area where each end of the transmission cable is held, and the protruding part of the cable supporting part is held by the filter. The recessed portion of the cable support portion is fitted to connect the cable support portion to the filter holding portion.4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的果蔬的非破坏测定装置，其特征在于，4. The non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,所述多个光学滤波器是使互不相同的范围的波长通过的多个光学滤波器。The plurality of optical filters are a plurality of optical filters that pass wavelengths in different ranges.5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的果蔬的非破坏测定装置，其特征在于，5. The non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein,所述多个光传输线缆形成在所述受光部附近集合而成的光传输线缆组，该光传输线缆组的前端配置在受光部内。The plurality of optical transmission cables form an optical transmission cable group assembled near the light receiving part, and the front end of the optical transmission cable group is arranged in the light receiving part.6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的果蔬的非破坏测定装置，其特征在于，6. The non-destructive measuring device for fruits and vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,所述光传输线缆在受光部至传输支承部的中间形成至少1个环。The optical transmission cable forms at least one loop between the light receiving part and the transmission supporting part.

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