CN102939865B - A method for judging tomato nitrogen nutrition by petiole nitrate nitrogen content - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供的是一种通过检测番茄植株叶柄中硝态氮的含量，判断番茄植株氮素营养状态，并得出最佳追肥量的方法。通过测定番茄果实正下方第一片叶的叶柄中硝态氮含量，并根据本发明提供的叶柄硝态氮含量与追肥量的关系方程，确定当前番茄的氮素营养水平，从而判断是否需要追施氮肥，并得出最佳追肥量。此方法与现有的技术相比，由于采用植株叶柄汁液为测试对象，避免了传统方法受外界环境条件的干扰及预测结果滞后的现象，测量指标更加直接，可靠，能够及时准确地判定植株氮素营养状态。

The invention provides a method for judging the nitrogen nutrition state of tomato plants and obtaining the optimal amount of topdressing by detecting the content of nitrate nitrogen in petioles of tomato plants. By measuring the nitrate nitrogen content in the petiole of the first leaf directly below the tomato fruit, and according to the relationship equation between the petiole nitrate nitrogen content and the topdressing amount provided by the present invention, determine the current nitrogen nutrition level of the tomato, thereby judging whether topdressing is needed Apply nitrogen fertilizer and get the optimal topdressing amount. Compared with the existing technology, this method uses the plant petiole juice as the test object, avoids the interference of the traditional method by external environmental conditions and the phenomenon of lagging prediction results, the measurement index is more direct, reliable, and can determine plant nitrogen in time and accurately vegetative nutritional status.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种用叶柄硝态氮含量判断番茄氮素营养的方法A method for judging tomato nitrogen nutrition by petiole nitrate nitrogen content

技术领域technical field

本发明属于番茄栽培技术管理领域，具体地说是一种通过检测番茄植株叶柄中硝态氮的含量，判断番茄植株氮素营养状态，并得出最佳追肥量的方法。The invention belongs to the field of tomato cultivation technology management, and specifically relates to a method for judging the nitrogen nutrition state of tomato plants and obtaining the optimum amount of topdressing by detecting the content of nitrate nitrogen in petioles of tomato plants.

背景技术Background technique

番茄属于茄科，是栽培最广、消费量最大的蔬菜作物之一，适于设施农业周年生产。既具有产量高、生长期长，氮素需要量大的特点，又有营养生长和生殖生长同步进行，即植株的生长与果实的生长发育同步进行的生物特性。番茄定植后，必须通过合适的追肥管理（以氮肥为主），以实现营养生长与生殖生长协调进行。如果追肥管理不当，易造成植株生长发育迟缓或营养生长与生殖生长失衡的不良后果，最终影响产量和品质。由于番茄果实成熟及采收期长，果实自植株下部到上部依次生长、逐穗成熟，为满足每一穗果实生长发育的营养需求，需要在每穗果实生长期及时适量地进行科学追肥，以保证番茄的优质高产。然而，由于缺少科学施肥管理方法及追肥量化标准，生产者过量施用氮肥的现象十分普遍，造成植株营养生长过旺，果实产量低、品质差和土壤及地下水污染等问题的发生。目前，番茄生产中，氮肥的追肥时间间隔和追肥量缺乏量化标准，生产者大多通过植株表观现象估计，如果实的大小，植株叶片生长快慢，叶片颜色变化等进行粗略地估计番茄植株的营养状况。这种估计方法很大程度上受到生产者主观因素的影响，很难作为客观科学的施肥标准使用。尤其对于缺乏种植经验的生产者来说可操作性差，很难获得最佳施肥效果。因此研究出一套根据番茄植株氮素营养状态判断最佳追肥量的科学方法，对于指导番茄的科学施肥和防止环境污染都有着十分重要的意义。Tomato belongs to Solanaceae and is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed vegetable crops. It is suitable for annual production of facility agriculture. It not only has the characteristics of high yield, long growth period, and large nitrogen demand, but also has the biological characteristics of simultaneous vegetative growth and reproductive growth, that is, the growth of plants and the growth and development of fruits are synchronized. After tomato planting, appropriate topdressing management (mainly nitrogen fertilizer) must be adopted to achieve coordinated vegetative growth and reproductive growth. If topdressing is not properly managed, it will easily cause adverse consequences such as stunted plant growth or unbalanced vegetative growth and reproductive growth, which will eventually affect yield and quality. Due to the maturity of tomato fruit and the long harvest period, the fruit grows sequentially from the lower part of the plant to the upper part, and matures ear by ear. In order to meet the nutritional needs of the growth and development of each ear fruit, it is necessary to carry out scientific topdressing in a timely and appropriate amount during the growth period of each ear fruit. Guarantee the high quality and high yield of tomato. However, due to the lack of scientific fertilization management methods and quantitative standards for topdressing, excessive nitrogen fertilizer application by producers is very common, resulting in excessive vegetative growth of plants, low fruit yield, poor quality, and soil and groundwater pollution. At present, in tomato production, there is no quantitative standard for the time interval and amount of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing. Producers mostly estimate the nutrition of tomato plants based on the appearance of the plant, such as the size of the fruit, the growth speed of the leaves of the plant, and the change of the color of the leaves. situation. This estimation method is largely affected by the subjective factors of producers, and it is difficult to use it as an objective and scientific fertilization standard. Especially for producers who lack planting experience, the operability is poor, and it is difficult to obtain the best fertilization effect. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a set of scientific methods for judging the optimal amount of topdressing fertilizer according to the nitrogen nutrition status of tomato plants, for guiding the scientific fertilization of tomatoes and preventing environmental pollution.

硝态氮是植物氮素营养的主要吸收与运输形式，并且主要存在与茎与叶柄中，叶柄硝态氮含量可以反映植株的氮素营养状态。本发明以此为原理，得出番茄植株氮素营养状态与叶柄硝态氮的对应关系，由此建立番茄植株氮素营养状态及最佳追肥量判断方法。Nitrate nitrogen is the main absorption and transport form of plant nitrogen nutrition, and it mainly exists in stems and petioles. The content of nitrate nitrogen in petioles can reflect the nitrogen nutrition status of plants. Based on this principle, the present invention obtains the corresponding relationship between the nitrogen nutrition state of the tomato plant and the petiole nitrate nitrogen, thereby establishing a judgment method for the nitrogen nutrition state of the tomato plant and the optimal amount of topdressing.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对目前现有的技术现状，提出一种根据测定叶柄内硝态氮含量，来直接反映番茄氮素营养状态并计算出最佳追肥量的方法，以达到指导温室番茄追肥管理的目的。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a method to directly reflect the nitrogen nutritional status of tomato and calculate the optimal topdressing amount according to the determination of the nitrate nitrogen content in the petiole, so as to guide the greenhouse The purpose of tomato top dressing management.

本发明采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

1、取样，在番茄果期，果实自下而上依此膨大成熟，当某一穗果实长至鸡蛋大小并开始膨大时，选择晴天上午8～10点取样；采摘该穗果实正下方第一片叶的叶柄，清洗擦干，用消毒的剪刀剪成1～2cm长的小段；1. Sampling. During the tomato fruiting period, the fruit swells and matures from bottom to top. When a certain ear of fruit grows to the size of an egg and begins to swell, select a sunny day for sampling at 8 to 10 am; pick the first fruit directly below the ear. Wash and dry the petiole of each leaf, and cut it into 1-2cm long pieces with sterilized scissors;

2、样品处理，将剪好的叶柄样品用捣碎器捣碎，使用微量移液器移取0.1mL样液，加入9.9mL蒸馏水稀释，经离心机离心10min后，取上清液；2. Sample treatment, crush the cut petiole sample with a masher, pipette 0.1mL sample liquid with a micropipette, add 9.9mL distilled water to dilute, centrifuge for 10min, and take the supernatant;

3、检测，使用紫外分光光度计比色测定上清液，测出硝态氮含量；3. Detection, using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to colorimetrically measure the supernatant, and measure the nitrate nitrogen content;

4、将测量值与如下的正常值范围进行对比来判断植株氮素营养状态。4. Compare the measured value with the following normal value range to judge the nitrogen nutrition status of the plant.

番茄的第一穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1000～1200mg/L，低于1000mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1200mg/L为营养过剩；在番茄的第二穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1200～1400mg/L，低于1200mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1400mg/L为营养过剩。在番茄的第三穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1400～1600mg/L，低于1400mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1600mg/L为营养过剩。若叶柄硝态氮测定值高于正常值范围或处于正常值范围内，则不需追施氮肥；低于正常值范围，需追施氮肥。The nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly under the first ear of tomato fruit, the normal range is 1000-1200mg/L, if it is lower than 1000mg/L, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required, and if it is higher than 1200mg/L, it means excess nutrition; in tomato The normal range of the nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly below the second ear fruit is 1200-1400mg/L. If it is lower than 1200mg/L, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required, and if it is higher than 1400mg/L, it means excess nutrition. The normal range of the nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly under the third ear of tomato fruit is 1400-1600mg/L. If it is lower than 1400mg/L, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required, and if it is higher than 1600mg/L, it means excess nutrition. If the measured value of petiole nitrate nitrogen is higher than the normal value range or within the normal value range, no nitrogen fertilizer is needed; if it is lower than the normal value range, nitrogen fertilizer needs to be topdressed.

5、经步骤4判断后，若叶柄硝态氮测量值低于正常值范围，利用第一穗果关系方程计算出最佳追肥量范围值Y：    5. After the judgment in step 4, if the petiole nitrate nitrogen measurement value is lower than the normal value range, use the first ear-fruit relationship equation to calculate the optimal topdressing amount range value Y: 

Y_测=-0.0412X_测²+10.86X_测+491.46Y_measurement =-0.0412X_measurement² +10.86X_measurement +491.46

Y_max=-0.0412X_max²+10.86X_max+491.46Y_max =-0.0412X_max² +10.86X_max +491.46

Y_min=-0.0412X_min²+10.86X_min+491.46Y_min =-0.0412X_min² +10.86X_min +491.46

最佳追肥量范围值Y：Y_min- Y_测～Y_max- Y_测Optimum topdressing amount range value Y: Y_min - Y_measurement ~ Y_max - Y_measurement

式中：In the formula:

X_测为第一片叶叶柄实测的硝态氮含量；X_{is measured} as the first leaf petiole measured nitrate nitrogen content;

X_max为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最大含量；X_max is the normal maximum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

 X_min为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最小含量；X_min is the normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

Y_测为第一片叶叶柄实测的硝态氮含量对应氮肥量；Y_measurement is the amount of nitrogen fertilizer corresponding to the nitrate nitrogen content measured on the petiole of the first leaf;

 Y_max为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最大含量所需施肥量；Y_max is the amount of fertilizer required for the normal maximum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

Y_min为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最小含量所需施肥量。Y_min is the amount of fertilizer required for the normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf.

按照以上步骤，利用第二穗果对应的关系方程：y=-0.0442x²+12.756x+472.49，计算出第二穗果最佳追肥量；利用第三穗果对应的关系方程： y=-0.0568x²+14.698x+657.42，计算出第三穗果最佳追肥量。According to the above steps, use the relationship equation corresponding to the second ear fruit: y=-0.0442x² +12.756x+472.49 to calculate the optimal topdressing amount for the second ear fruit; use the relationship equation corresponding to the third ear fruit: y=- 0.0568x² +14.698x+657.42, calculate the best amount of topdressing for the third ear fruit.

本发明的积极效果是：采用番茄植株叶柄中的汁液为判断指标，与现有的检测方法相比，显著减少了传统方法中采用土壤中肥料含量或植株果实形态指标受外界环境条件的干扰及存在预测结果滞后的现象，测量指标更加直接，可靠，能够及时准确地提供植株氮素营养状态，对于指导番茄合理的追肥管理提供了可靠的量化数据，大大提高了生产者的施肥作业效率，显著降低成本，同时防止由于过量施肥引起的地下水污染。The positive effect of the present invention is: adopt the juice in the petiole of tomato plant as judging index, compared with existing detection method, have significantly reduced the interference of the fertilizer content in the soil or plant fruit shape index by the external environment condition and the traditional method. There is a phenomenon that the prediction results are lagging behind, and the measurement indicators are more direct and reliable, which can provide timely and accurate nitrogen nutrition status of the plant, provide reliable quantitative data for guiding the reasonable topdressing management of tomatoes, and greatly improve the efficiency of fertilization operations for producers. Reduce costs while preventing groundwater contamination due to excessive fertilization.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是番茄每一穗果正下方第一片叶示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first leaf directly below each ear of tomato.

图2是番茄的果实正下方第一片叶的最大叶片叶柄，即为取样部位示意图。Fig. 2 is the largest leaf petiole of the first leaf directly under the tomato fruit, which is a schematic diagram of the sampling site.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

见图1、2，番茄的第一穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1000～1200mg/L，低于1000mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1200mg/L为营养过剩；在番茄的第二穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1200～1400mg/L，低于1200mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1400mg/L为营养过剩。在番茄的第三穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1400～1600mg/L，低于1400mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1600mg/L为营养过剩。若叶柄硝态氮测定值高于正常值范围或处于正常值范围内，则不需追施氮肥；低于正常值范围，需追施氮肥。See Figures 1 and 2, the nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly under the first ear of tomato fruit, the normal range is 1000-1200mg/L, if it is lower than 1000mg/L, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required, and if it is higher than 1200mg/L It is overnutrition; the nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly under the second ear of tomato fruit is normal. Overnutrition. The normal range of the nitrate nitrogen content of the petiole of the first leaf directly under the third ear of tomato fruit is 1400-1600mg/L. If it is lower than 1400mg/L, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required, and if it is higher than 1600mg/L, it means excess nutrition. If the measured value of petiole nitrate nitrogen is higher than the normal value range or within the normal value range, no nitrogen fertilizer is needed; if it is lower than the normal value range, nitrogen fertilizer needs to be topdressed.

一、第一穗果检测步骤：1. The first fruit detection steps:

1、取样，在番茄果期，第一穗果果实长至鸡蛋大小并开始膨大时期，是对第一穗果进行检测并追肥的时期。选择晴天上午8～10点取样。采摘第一穗果实正下方第一片叶的最大叶片叶柄（取样部位见图1、2），清洗擦干，用消毒后的剪刀剪成1～2cm长的小段；1. Sampling. In the tomato fruit stage, the first ear fruit grows to the size of an egg and begins to expand. It is the period when the first ear fruit is tested and topdressed. Choose sunny days to sample from 8 to 10 in the morning. Pick the largest petiole of the first leaf directly below the first ear of fruit (see Figure 1 and 2 for the sampling location), clean and dry, and cut into 1-2 cm long pieces with sterilized scissors;

2、样品处理，将剪好的叶柄样品用捣碎器捣碎，使用微量移液器移取0.1mL样液，加入9.9mL蒸馏水稀释。经离心机离心10min后，取上清液；2. Sample treatment, crush the cut petiole sample with a masher, pipette 0.1mL sample liquid with a micropipette, and add 9.9mL distilled water to dilute. After centrifugation for 10 minutes, take the supernatant;

3、检测，使用紫外分光光度计比色测定上清液，测出硝态氮含量；3. Detection, using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to colorimetrically measure the supernatant, and measure the nitrate nitrogen content;

4、将测量值与如下的正常值范围进行对比来判断植株氮素营养状态：番茄的第一穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1000～1200mg/L，低于1000mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1200mg/L为营养过剩；若叶柄硝态氮测定值高于正常值范围或处于正常值范围内，则不需追施氮肥；4. Compare the measured value with the following normal value range to judge the nitrogen nutrition status of the plant: the nitrate nitrogen content of the first leaf petiole directly below the first ear fruit of tomato, the normal value range is 1000-1200mg/L, Nitrogen fertilizer should be topdressed if it is lower than 1000mg/L, and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied if it is higher than 1200mg/L; if the measured value of petiole nitrate nitrogen is higher than the normal value range or within the normal value range, it is not necessary to topdress nitrogen fertilizer;

5、若测量值低于1000mg/L，表明植株需追施氮肥。根据第一穗果实对应的关系方程：y=-0.0412x²+10.86x+491.46，将测量值X_测、正常值的最大值X_max （1200mg/L）、正常值的最小值X_min （1000mg/L）分别代入关系方程，分别得到Y_测，Y_max ，Y_min三个值，最佳追肥量范围值Y：Y_min- Y_测～Y_max- Y_测。5. If the measured value is lower than 1000mg/L, it indicates that the plant needs topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. According to the relationship equation corresponding to the first ear fruit: y=-0.0412x² +10.86x+491.46,_measure the measured value X, the maximum value of the normal value X_max (1200mg/L), the minimum value of the normal value X_min (1000mg /L) into the relational equation respectively to obtain the three values of Y_measure , Y_max and Y_min respectively, and the optimal topdressing amount range value Y: Y_min - Y_measure ~ Y_max - Y_measure .

具体按如下关系方程计算得出：    Specifically calculated according to the following relational equation:

Y_测=-0.0412X_测²+10.86X_测+491.46Y_measurement =-0.0412X_measurement² +10.86X_measurement +491.46

Y_max=-0.0412X_max²+10.86X_max+491.46Y_max =-0.0412X_max² +10.86X_max +491.46

Y_min=-0.0412X_min²+10.86X_min+491.46Y_min =-0.0412X_min² +10.86X_min +491.46

最佳追肥量范围值Y：Y_min- Y_测～Y_max- Y_测Optimum topdressing amount range value Y: Y_min - Y_measurement ~ Y_max - Y_measurement

式中：X_测为第一片叶叶柄实测的硝态氮含量；In the formula: X_{is the} measured nitrate nitrogen content of the first leaf petiole;

X_max为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最大含量；X_max is the normal maximum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

 X_min为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最小含量；X_min is the normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

Y_测为第一片叶叶柄实测的硝态氮含量对应氮肥量；Y_measurement is the amount of nitrogen fertilizer corresponding to the nitrate nitrogen content measured on the petiole of the first leaf;

 Y_max为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最大含量所需施肥量；Y_max is the amount of fertilizer required for the normal maximum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf;

Y_min为第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮正常最小含量所需施肥量。Y_min is the amount of fertilizer required for the normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the first leaf.

二、第二穗果检测步骤：Two, the second fruit detection steps:

当第一穗果进入成熟后期，第二穗果也逐渐长至鸡蛋大小，此时为对第二穗果进行检测并追肥的时期。When the first ear fruit enters the later stage of maturity, the second ear fruit also grows gradually to the size of an egg. This is the period when the second ear fruit is detected and topdressed.

1、取样检测步骤同第一穗果检测步骤。1. The sampling and detection steps are the same as the first ear fruit detection steps.

2、将测量值与如下的正常值范围进行对比来判断植株氮素营养状态：番茄的第二穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1200～1400mg/L，低于1200mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1400mg/L为营养过剩；若叶柄硝态氮测定值高于正常值范围或处于正常值范围内，则不需追施氮肥；2. Compare the measured value with the following normal value range to judge the nitrogen nutrition status of the plant: the nitrate nitrogen content of the first leaf petiole directly below the second ear fruit of tomato, the normal value range is 1200-1400mg/L, Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is required if it is lower than 1200mg/L, and over 1400mg/L is nutrient surplus; if the measured value of petiole nitrate nitrogen is higher than the normal value range or within the normal value range, it is not necessary to topdress nitrogen fertilizer;

3、若测量值低于1200mg/L，表明植株需追施氮肥。根据第二穗果实对应的关系方程：y=-0.0442x²+12.756x+472.49，将测量值X_测、正常值的最大值X_max （1400mg/L）、正常值的最小值X_min （1200mg/L）分别代入关系方程，分别得到Y_测，Y_max ，Y_min三个值，最佳追肥量范围值Y：Y_min- Y_测～Y_max- Y_测，具体参照第一穗果检测中的步骤5。3. If the measured value is lower than 1200mg/L, it indicates that the plant needs topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. According to the relationship equation corresponding to the second ear fruit: y=-0.0442x² +12.756x+472.49,_measure the measured value X, the maximum value of the normal value X_max (1400mg/L), the minimum value of the normal value X_min (1200mg /L) into the relational equation respectively to obtain three values of Y_measure , Y_max and Y_min respectively, and the optimal topdressing amount range value Y: Y_min - Y_measure ~ Y_max - Y_measure , refer to the first ear fruit detection for details Step 5.

三、第三穗果检测步骤：Three, the third fruit detection steps:

随着番茄生长的进行，第二穗果进入成熟后期，第三穗果长至鸡蛋大小，此时为对第三穗果进行检测并追肥的时期。As the tomato grows, the second ear fruit enters the late stage of maturity, and the third ear fruit grows to the size of an egg. At this time, the third ear fruit is detected and topdressed.

1、取样检测步骤同第一穗果检测步骤。1. The sampling and detection steps are the same as the first ear fruit detection steps.

2、将测量值与如下的正常值范围进行对比来判断植株氮素营养状态：番茄的第三穗果实正下方第一片叶叶柄的硝态氮含量，正常值范围为1400～1600mg/L，低于1400mg/L需追施氮肥，高于1600mg/L为营养过剩；若叶柄硝态氮测定值高于正常值范围或处于正常值范围内，则不需追施氮肥；2. Compare the measured value with the following normal value range to judge the nitrogen nutrition status of the plant: the nitrate nitrogen content of the first leaf petiole directly below the third ear fruit of tomato, the normal value range is 1400-1600mg/L, Nitrogen fertilizer should be topdressed if it is lower than 1400mg/L, and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied if it is higher than 1600mg/L.

3、若测量值低于1400mg/L，表明植株需追施氮肥。根据第三穗果实对应的关系方程：y=-0.0568x²+14.698x+657.42，将测量值X_测、正常值的最大值X_max （1600mg/L）、正常值的最小值X_min （1400mg/L）分别代入关系方程，分别得到Y_测，Y_max ，Y_min三个值，最佳追肥量范围值Y：Y_min- Y_测～Y_max- Y_测，具体参照第一穗果检测中的步骤5。3. If the measured value is lower than 1400mg/L, it indicates that the plant needs topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. According to the relationship equation corresponding to the third ear fruit: y=-0.0568x² +14.698x+657.42,_measure the measured value X, the maximum value of the normal value X_max (1600mg/L), the minimum value of the normal value X_min (1400mg /L) into the relational equation respectively to obtain three values of Y_measure , Y_max and Y_min respectively, and the optimal topdressing amount range value Y: Y_min - Y_measure ~ Y_max - Y_measure , refer to the first ear fruit detection for details Step 5.

Claims (1)

1. by a method for petiole nitrate nitrogen content judgement Nitrogen In Tomato nutrition, it is characterized in that:

(1), sampling, in the tomato fruit phase, fruit expands maturation from bottom to top according to this, when a certain fringe fruit grows to egg size and starts to expand, selects fine day 8～10 samplings in the morning; The petiole of plucking first leaf under this fringe fruit, cleaning is dried, and with the scissors of sterilization, is cut into the long segment of 1～2cm;

(2), sample treatment, the petiole sample shearing is smashed to pieces with stamping machine, use micropipettor to pipette 0.1mL sample liquid, add 9.9mL distilled water diluting, after the centrifugal 10min of centrifuge, get supernatant;

(3), detect, use ultraviolet specrophotometer colorimetric estimation supernatant, measure nitrate nitrogen content;

(4), measured value and following range of normal value are carried out recently judging plant nitrogen nutritional status;

The nitrate nitrogen content of first leaf petiole under the first fringe fruit of tomato, range of normal value is 1000～1200mg/L, lower than 1000mg/L, needs Nitrogen Top Dressing, higher than 1200mg/L, is overnutrition; The nitrate nitrogen content of first leaf petiole under the second fringe fruit of tomato, range of normal value is 1200～1400mg/L, lower than 1200mg/L, needs Nitrogen Top Dressing, higher than 1400mg/L, is overnutrition; The nitrate nitrogen content of first leaf petiole under the Sansui fruit of tomato, range of normal value is 1400～1600mg/L, lower than 1400mg/L, needs Nitrogen Top Dressing, higher than 1600mg/L, is overnutrition; If petiole nitrate nitrogen measured value, higher than range of normal value or in range of normal value, does not need Nitrogen Top Dressing;

(5), after step 4 judgement, if petiole nitrate nitrogen measured value lower than range of normal value, utilizes corresponding fringe fruit relation equation to calculate best topdressing amount value range Y:

Utilize relation equation y=-0.0412x corresponding to the first fringe fruit²+ 10.86x+491.46, calculates the best topdressing amount scope Y of the first fringe fruit:

Y_survey=-0.0412X_survey²+ 10.86X_survey+ 491.46

Y_max=-0.0412X_max²+10.86X_max+491.46

Y_min=-0.0412X_min²+10.86X_min+491.46

Best topdressing amount value range Y:Y_min-Y_survey～Y_max-Y_survey

In formula: X_surveynitrate nitrogen content for the actual measurement of first leaf petiole;

X_maxthe normal maximum level of nitrate nitrogen for first leaf petiole;

X_minthe normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen for first leaf petiole;

Y_surveythe corresponding amount of nitrogenous fertilizer of nitrate nitrogen content for the actual measurement of first leaf petiole;

Y_maxthe required fertilizing amount of the normal maximum level of nitrate nitrogen for first leaf petiole;

Y_minthe required fertilizing amount of the normal minimum content of nitrate nitrogen for first leaf petiole;

According to above step, utilize relation equation corresponding to the second fringe fruit: y=-0.0442x²+ 12.756x+472.49, calculates the best topdressing amount of the second fringe fruit; Utilize relation equation corresponding to Sansui fruit: y=-0.0568x²+ 14.698x+657.42, calculates the best topdressing amount of Sansui fruit.

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