CN102929805A - Power-down protection method for cache data in memory system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及计算机领域，具体涉及一种存储系统缓存数据掉电保护方法。The invention relates to the field of computers, in particular to a power-off protection method for cached data in a storage system.
背景技术Background technique
随着计算机应用和网络技术的飞速发展，存储系统中的数据越来越多，读写也越来越频繁。在向存储系统的磁盘写数据时，数据首先要先写到内存，变成系统缓存，然后在从内存写入到磁盘。由于缓存所在的内存是一种易失性存储介质，在系统异常断电时，还未写入到磁盘的缓存数据会丢失。为了保证数据安全性和一致性，存储系统必须在意外断电时，将还驻留在内存且未写入到磁盘的缓存数据保存起来，避免数据的丢失。With the rapid development of computer applications and network technology, more and more data are stored in the storage system, and reading and writing are becoming more and more frequent. When writing data to the disk of the storage system, the data must first be written to the memory, become the system cache, and then be written from the memory to the disk. Since the memory where the cache is located is a volatile storage medium, when the system is powered off abnormally, the cache data that has not been written to the disk will be lost. In order to ensure data security and consistency, the storage system must save the cached data that still resides in the memory and has not been written to the disk in the event of an unexpected power failure to avoid data loss.
目前存储系统的掉电保护主要有2种方法，At present, there are mainly two methods for power-failure protection of the storage system.
一是外接UPS（Uninterruptible Power System ），当外部电源输入正常时，UPS将电源输入稳压后供应给负载使用，同时还向机内电池充电；当外部电源中断（意外断电）时， UPS立即将机内电池的电能通过逆变转换向负载继续供应220V交流电，使负载维持正常工作并保护负载软、硬件不受损坏，存储系统在完成必要操作后进入关机程序。One is an external UPS (Uninterruptible Power System). When the external power input is normal, the UPS supplies the power input to the load after stabilizing it, and also charges the internal battery at the same time; when the external power supply is interrupted (unexpected power failure), the UPS immediately The electric energy of the battery in the machine is converted to continue to supply 220V AC power to the load through the inverter, so as to maintain the normal operation of the load and protect the software and hardware of the load from damage. The storage system enters the shutdown procedure after completing the necessary operations.
另外一种是加入BBU（Battery Backup Unit）。当系统意外掉电后，BBU给存储系统系统供电。一般有两种处理方式：The other is to join BBU (Battery Backup Unit). When the system is unexpectedly powered off, the BBU supplies power to the storage system. Generally, there are two processing methods:
一种是对缓存提供电源，保证缓存数据保留一定时段（72小时或者更多）。系统只需要在BBU电力耗尽之前恢复正常供电，缓存中的数据即可被完整保护，避免断电导致数据丢失。One is to provide power to the cache to ensure that the cached data is retained for a certain period of time (72 hours or more). The system only needs to restore the normal power supply before the BBU power is exhausted, and the data in the cache can be completely protected to avoid data loss caused by power failure.
另外一种是给控制器中的最小系统（一般包含CPU、内存、南北桥芯片、flash卡或者SSD等）供电，掉电保护工作是通过最小系统完成，断电时将缓存数据拷贝到flash卡或者SSD中，系统外部电源恢复后，再将缓存数据从flash卡或SSD中拷贝回来。The other is to supply power to the minimum system in the controller (generally including CPU, memory, north-south bridge chip, flash card or SSD, etc.). Or in the SSD, after the external power supply of the system is restored, the cached data is copied back from the flash card or SSD.
以上两种方式，UPS占用空间且投入加大，没有成本优势；In the above two methods, UPS takes up space and increases investment, so there is no cost advantage;
BBU只给内存供电方式，保护时间有限，随着电池老化，保护时间会缩减；The BBU only supplies power to the memory, and the protection time is limited. As the battery ages, the protection time will be reduced;
BBU给最小系统供电模式，是相对理想选择，但电池容量要求相对较高，且技术实现难度较大，产品定型后无法方便删除/增加相关部件。The BBU power supply mode for the minimum system is a relatively ideal choice, but the battery capacity requirement is relatively high, and the technical implementation is difficult. After the product is finalized, it is not convenient to delete/add related components.
针对以上问题，设计一套存储系统缓存保护掉电保护方法，即方便实现，并能在较小电池容量下实现掉电保护工作，还可开发为独立模块，方便产品配置及功能的增删。Aiming at the above problems, a set of storage system cache protection power-down protection method is designed, which is convenient to implement, and can realize power-down protection work with a small battery capacity, and can also be developed as an independent module, which is convenient for product configuration and function addition and deletion.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种存储系统缓存数据掉电保护方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a storage system cache data power failure protection method.
本发明的目的是按以下方式实现的，当存储系统能检测到掉电发生时，立即将缓存数据进行保护，待系统外部电源回复后，能快速有效地恢复保护数据，系统包含以下五个部分进行：电源检测模块（1）、供电模块（2）、缓存数据模块（3）、掉电保护控制模块（4）和非易失性存储介质（5），其中：The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner. When the storage system detects the occurrence of a power failure, it immediately protects the cached data. After the external power supply of the system is restored, the protected data can be quickly and effectively restored. The system includes the following five parts Carry out: power detection module (1), power supply module (2), cache data module (3), power-down protection control module (4) and non-volatile storage medium (5), wherein:
电源检测模块（1）负责完成系统电源和供电模块电源检测情况，包括：检测系统电源是否正常，然后触发掉电保护控制模块（2）的相关数据保护及恢复行为，以及，控制供电模块（2）的充放电行为；The power supply detection module (1) is responsible for completing the detection of the system power supply and the power supply module power supply, including: detecting whether the system power supply is normal, and then triggering the relevant data protection and recovery behavior of the power failure protection control module (2), and controlling the power supply module (2) ) charging and discharging behavior;
供电模块（2），是存储系统断电情况下的电源部分，给缓存保护模块（4）和非易失性存储介质（5）进行必要的电源供应；The power supply module (2) is the power supply part when the storage system is powered off, and provides necessary power supply to the cache protection module (4) and the non-volatile storage medium (5);
缓存数据模块（3），存放存储系统正常运行情况下驻留在内存中且未写入磁盘的“脏数据”，掉电保护恢复过程后，存放保护数据；The cache data module (3) stores the "dirty data" that resides in the memory and has not been written to the disk under normal operation of the storage system, and stores the protected data after the power-off protection recovery process;
掉电保护控制模块（4），管理整个保护系统的运作：发现电源检测模块（1）检测到的电源故障状态后，将缓存数据模块（3）中的数据拷贝到非易失性存储介质（5）中，待电源检测模块（1）检测到系统电源恢复后，将保护数据从非易失性存储介质（5）返回到缓存数据模块（3）中；The power-down protection control module (4) manages the operation of the entire protection system: after discovering the power failure state detected by the power detection module (1), copy the data in the cache data module (3) to the non-volatile storage medium ( In 5), after the power detection module (1) detects that the system power is restored, the protection data is returned from the non-volatile storage medium (5) to the cache data module (3);
非易失性存储介质（5）存放由缓存数据模块（2）读出来的保护数据。The non-volatile storage medium (5) stores the protection data read out by the cache data module (2).
所述的存储系统缓存保护方法，电源检测模块（1）检测到异常电源信号时，掉电保护控制模块（4）通知CPU完成当前必须的写入进程，然后切断整个系统中所有供电信息，并激活供电模块（2）给缓存数据模块（3）、掉电保护控制模块（4）本身及非易失性存储介质（5）供电；In the storage system cache protection method, when the power detection module (1) detects an abnormal power signal, the power failure protection control module (4) notifies the CPU to complete the current necessary writing process, and then cuts off all power supply information in the entire system, and Activate the power supply module (2) to supply power to the cache data module (3), the power-down protection control module (4) itself and the non-volatile storage medium (5);
所述的存储系统缓存保护方法，存储系统启动时，缓存数据模块（4）是一种独立的“内存”设备，不能被存储系统作为一般内存设备初始化，已保证数据的独立性；In the storage system cache protection method, when the storage system is started, the cache data module (4) is an independent "memory" device, which cannot be initialized by the storage system as a general memory device, and the independence of data is guaranteed;
系统启动后，待检测保护数据应用完成后，存储系统将新的保护数据写入到缓存数据模块（4）中；After the system is started, after the application of the detected protection data is completed, the storage system writes the new protection data into the cache data module (4);
掉电保护过程中，数据只在缓存数据模块（4）和非易失性存储介质（5）之间进行交互，不牵涉CPU、南桥、北桥其他部件参与；During the power-down protection process, the data only interacts between the cache data module (4) and the non-volatile storage medium (5), and does not involve other components of the CPU, South Bridge, and North Bridge;
所述的存储系统缓存数据掉电保护方法，供电模块（2）是BBU，或是超级电容；In the storage system cache data power-down protection method, the power supply module (2) is a BBU or a super capacitor;
所述的存储系统缓存数据掉电保护方法，非易失性存储介质（5）要求功率相当较小，读写数据快，可是 flash卡或者SSD。In the storage system cache data power-down protection method, the non-volatile storage medium (5) requires relatively small power and fast data reading and writing, but it can be a flash card or SSD.
本发明的有益效果是：（1）供电模块容量更小，只需要对内存及flash卡等非易失性存储介质等部件供电，比常用BBU方式要求的供电要求更低。（2）模块性实现，不依赖于某些专用平台，可以脱离存储系统自成模块，增加及删除方便，产品配置灵活。（3）技术难度适中，对存储系统硬件要求低，实施难度较小。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1)The capacity of the power supply module is smaller, and it only needs to supply power to components such as memory and non-volatile storage media such as flash cards, which is lower than that required by the common BBU mode. (2)The realization of modularity does not depend on some special platforms, and it can be separated from the storage system to form a module, which is convenient to add and delete, and the product configuration is flexible. (3)The technical difficulty is moderate, the hardware requirements for the storage system are low, and the implementation difficulty is small.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是系统的电路原理框图；Figure 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the system;
图2是系统的保护流程图。Fig. 2 is the protection flowchart of the system.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参照说明书附图对本发明的方法作以下详细地说明。With reference to accompanying drawing of description, method of the present invention is described in detail below.
本发明的存储系统缓存数据掉电保护体系，主要包含以下五个主要部分进行：电源检测模块、供电模块、缓存数据模块、掉电保护控制模块和非易失性存储介质。如图1所示。The storage system cache data power-down protection system of the present invention mainly includes the following five main parts: power detection module, power supply module, cache data module, power-down protection control module and non-volatile storage medium. As shown in Figure 1.
其中，电源检测模块主要是完成系统电源盒供电模块电源检测情况。主要有2个职能：检测系统电源是否正常，然后触发掉电保护控制模块的相关数据保护及恢复行为。另外，控制供电模块的充放电行为。Among them, the power detection module mainly completes the power detection of the power supply module of the system power box. There are two main functions: to detect whether the system power supply is normal, and then trigger the relevant data protection and recovery behavior of the power-down protection control module. In addition, control the charging and discharging behavior of the power supply module.
缓存数据模块，存放存储系统正常运行情况下，未写入前端磁盘的“脏数据”，掉电保护恢复过程后，存放保护数据。缓存数据模块是一种独立的“内存”设备，不能被存储系统当做正常内存设备初始化，保证缓存数据一致性，系统启动后，存储系统可以将保护数据写入到缓存数据模块中。The cache data module stores the "dirty data" that has not been written to the front-end disk when the storage system is running normally, and stores the protection data after the power-off protection recovery process. The cache data module is an independent "memory" device and cannot be initialized by the storage system as a normal memory device to ensure the consistency of the cache data. After the system starts, the storage system can write the protected data into the cache data module.
掉电保护控制模块，管理整个保护系统的运作：发现电源检测模块检测到的电源故障状态后，将缓存数据模块中的数据拷贝到非易失性存储介质中。待电源检测模块检测到系统电源恢复后，将保护数据从非易失性存储介质返回到缓存数据模块中。The power-down protection control module manages the operation of the entire protection system: after discovering the power failure state detected by the power detection module, the data in the cache data module is copied to the non-volatile storage medium. After the power detection module detects that the system power is restored, the protection data is returned from the non-volatile storage medium to the cache data module.
供电模块，是存储系统断电情况下的电源部分，可以给缓存保护模块和非易失性存储介质进行必要的电源供应。可以是BBU，也可以是超级电容。The power supply module is a power supply part when the storage system is powered off, and can provide necessary power supply to the cache protection module and the non-volatile storage medium. It can be a BBU or a super capacitor.
非易失性存储介质存放由缓存数据模块读出来的保护数据。要求功率相当较小，读写数据快，可以是 flash卡或者SSD。The non-volatile storage medium stores the protection data read out by the cache data module. It requires relatively low power and fast data read and write. It can be a flash card or SSD.
掉电保护发生时的工作流程如图2所示。The workflow when power-down protection occurs is shown in Figure 2.
电源检测模块检测到异常电源信号时，掉电保护控制模块通知CPU完成当前必须的写入进程，然后切断整个系统中所有供电信息，并激活供电模块给缓存数据模块、掉电保护控制模块本身及非易失性存储介质供电。接着将缓存保护模块中的保护数据拷贝到非易失性存储介质中来，完成数据保护功能。When the power detection module detects an abnormal power signal, the power failure protection control module notifies the CPU to complete the current necessary writing process, then cuts off all power supply information in the entire system, and activates the power supply module for the cache data module, the power failure protection control module itself and Non-volatile storage medium power supply. Then copy the protection data in the cache protection module to the non-volatile storage medium to complete the data protection function.
待电源检测模块检测到外部电源恢复正常后，掉电保护控制模块将保护在非易失性存储介质中的数据还原到缓存数据模块中，恢复到系统异常掉电前状态，完成数据恢复。After the power detection module detects that the external power supply returns to normal, the power failure protection control module restores the data protected in the non-volatile storage medium to the cache data module, restores to the state before the system abnormal power failure, and completes data recovery.
掉电保护过程中，数据只在缓存数据模块和非易失性存储介质之间进行交互，不牵涉CPU、南桥、北桥等其他部件参与。During the power-down protection process, the data only interacts between the cache data module and the non-volatile storage medium, and does not involve other components such as the CPU, South Bridge, and North Bridge.
除说明书所述的技术特征外，均为本专业技术人员的已知技术。Except for the technical features described in the instructions, all are known technologies by those skilled in the art.
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