技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电子设备设计及制造技术领域，特别涉及一种触摸检测方法及触控装置。The invention relates to the technical field of design and manufacture of electronic equipment, in particular to a touch detection method and a touch device.
背景技术Background technique
目前触摸屏的应用范围从以往的银行自动柜员机，工控计算机等小众商用市场，迅速扩展到手机，PDA(个人数字助理)，GPS(全球定位系统)，PMP(MP3，MP4等)，甚至平板电脑等大众消费电子领域。用于触摸屏具有触控操作简单、便捷、人性化的优点，因此触摸屏有望成为人机互动的最佳界面而迅速在便携式设备中得到了广泛应用。At present, the application range of touch screen has rapidly expanded from the small commercial market such as bank automatic teller machines and industrial computers to mobile phones, PDA (personal digital assistant), GPS (global positioning system), PMP (MP3, MP4, etc.), and even tablet computers. and other mass consumer electronics fields. The touch screen has the advantages of simple, convenient and humanized touch operation, so the touch screen is expected to become the best interface for human-computer interaction and has been widely used in portable devices.
电容触摸屏通常被分为自电容和互电容两类。如图1所示，为现有技术中常见的一种自电容触摸屏的结构图。该自电容触摸屏主要有双层的菱形结构感应单元100’和200’，其检测原理是对X轴和Y轴分别扫描，如果检测到某个交叉点的电容变化超出了预设范围，则将该行和列的交叉点做为触摸坐标。虽然该自电容触摸屏的线性度较好，但是经常有鬼点出现，难以实现多点触摸。此外，由于采用双层屏，也会导致结构及成本大幅增加，并且菱形结构在电容变化量很小的情况下会出现坐标飘移，受外界干扰影响大。Capacitive touch screens are generally divided into two categories: self-capacitance and mutual capacitance. As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a structure diagram of a common self-capacitance touch screen in the prior art. The self-capacitance touch screen mainly has double-layer diamond-shaped structure sensing units 100' and 200'. The detection principle is to scan the X-axis and Y-axis respectively. The intersection of the row and column is used as touch coordinates. Although the linearity of the self-capacitance touch screen is good, ghost points often appear, making it difficult to realize multi-point touch. In addition, due to the use of double-layer screens, the structure and cost will also be greatly increased, and the rhombus structure will have coordinate drift when the capacitance change is small, and it will be greatly affected by external interference.
如图2a所示，为现有技术中常见的另一种自电容触摸屏的结构图。该自电容触摸屏采用三角形图形屏结构。该自电容触摸屏包括基板300’、设置在基板300’之上的多个三角形感应单元400’、和每个三角形感应单元400’相连的多个电极500’。如图2b所示，为三角形自电容触摸屏的检测原理。如图所示，椭圆表示手指，S1、S2表示手指与两个三角形感应单元的接触面积。假设坐标原点在左下角，则横坐标X＝S2/(S1+S2)*P，其中，P为分辨率。当手指向右移动时，由于S2不是线性增大，所以X坐标存在一个偏差。从上述原理可以看出，目前的三角形感应单元是单端检测，即只从一个方向检测，然后通过算法算出两个方向的坐标。虽然该自电容触摸屏结构更为简单，但并没有针对屏幕的电容感应进行优化，电容变化量小，从而导致信噪比不够。此外，由于该感应单元为三角形，当手指横向移动时面积不是线性增大，因此线性度较差，导致了坐标计算发生偏移，线性度不够好。As shown in FIG. 2 a , it is a structure diagram of another common self-capacitance touch screen in the prior art. The self-capacitance touch screen adopts a triangular graphic screen structure. The self-capacitance touch screen includes a substrate 300', a plurality of triangular sensing units 400' disposed on the substrate 300', and a plurality of electrodes 500' connected to each triangular sensing unit 400'. As shown in Figure 2b, it is the detection principle of a triangular self-capacitance touch screen. As shown in the figure, the ellipse represents the finger, and S1 and S2 represent the contact area between the finger and the two triangular sensing units. Assuming that the coordinate origin is at the lower left corner, then the abscissa X=S2/(S1+S2)*P, where P is the resolution. When the finger moves to the right, since S2 does not increase linearly, there is a deviation in the X coordinate. It can be seen from the above principles that the current triangular sensing unit is single-ended detection, that is, it only detects from one direction, and then calculates the coordinates of the two directions through an algorithm. Although the structure of the self-capacitance touch screen is simpler, it is not optimized for the capacitive sensing of the screen, and the capacitance change is small, resulting in insufficient signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, since the sensing unit is a triangle, the area does not increase linearly when the finger moves laterally, so the linearity is poor, which leads to offset in the coordinate calculation, and the linearity is not good enough.
此外，该电容感应单元输出电容变化量很小，达到飞法级，其电缆杂散电容的存在，对测量电路提出了更高的要求。而且，杂散电容会随温度、位置、内外电场分布等诸多因素影响而变化，干扰甚至淹没被测电容信号。此外，对于单层电容来说，由于Vcom电平信号的影响会对感应电容形成严重的干扰，其中，Vcom电平信号是为了防止LCD屏幕液晶老化而不停翻转的电平信号。In addition, the output capacitance of the capacitive sensing unit varies very little, reaching the femtofarad level, and the existence of stray capacitance of the cable puts forward higher requirements for the measurement circuit. Moreover, stray capacitance will change with the influence of many factors such as temperature, location, internal and external electric field distribution, etc., which will interfere or even submerge the measured capacitance signal. In addition, for a single-layer capacitor, the influence of the Vcom level signal will cause serious interference to the sensing capacitor. The Vcom level signal is a level signal that is constantly flipped to prevent the LCD screen from aging.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的旨在至少解决上述技术缺陷之一，特别是解决或避免出现现有自电容触摸屏中的上述缺点。The purpose of the present invention is to at least solve one of the above-mentioned technical defects, especially to solve or avoid the above-mentioned defects in the existing self-capacitance touch screen.
本发明实施例第一方面提出了The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention proposes
一种触摸屏的触摸检测方法，所述触摸屏包括多个不相交的感应单元，每个感应单元的两端分别具有第一电极和第二电极，所述方法包括以下步骤：向所述多个感应单元中一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个接地，以在所述一个感应单元被触摸时对所述一个感应单元产生的自电容进行第一次充电；向所述多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极施加高电平信号，或者，向所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号并将所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的另一个断开，以对所述自电容进行第二次充电；从对应的所述第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得所述第一次充电和所述第二次充电之间的第一检测变化值，并对所述自电容进行第一次放电；向所述多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对所述自电容进行第三次充电；将所述一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极接地，或者，将所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的一个接地并将所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的另一个断开，以对所述自电容进行第二次放电；从对应的所述第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得所述第三次充电和所述第二次放电之间的第二检测变化值；根据所述第一检测变化值和第二检测变化值计算所述自电容至所述第一电极之间的第一电阻和所述自电容至所述第二电极之间的第二电阻的比例关系；以及根据所述第一电阻和所述第二电阻之间的比例关系确定触摸位置。A touch detection method for a touch screen, the touch screen includes a plurality of disjoint sensing units, each of the sensing units has a first electrode and a second electrode at both ends, the method includes the following steps: One of the first electrode and the second electrode of one sensing unit in the unit applies a high-level signal, and the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is grounded, so that when the one sensing unit is touched The self-capacitance generated by the one sensing unit is charged for the first time; a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of one sensing unit in the plurality of sensing units, or a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of the sensing unit. Applying a high-level signal to one of the second electrodes and disconnecting the other of the first electrode and the second electrode to charge the self-capacitance for the second time; from the corresponding The first electrode or the second electrode detects to obtain the first detection change value between the first charge and the second charge, and discharges the self-capacitance for the first time; One of the first electrode and the second electrode of one of the sensing units applies a high-level signal, and disconnects the other of the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to perform a second self-capacitance Charge three times; ground the first electrode and the second electrode of the one sensing unit, or ground one of the first electrode and the second electrode and connect the first electrode and the second electrode to the ground The other of the electrodes is disconnected to discharge the self-capacitance for the second time; detection is performed from the corresponding first electrode or the second electrode to obtain the difference between the third charge and the second discharge. The second detection change value between; calculate the first resistance between the self-capacitance to the first electrode and the self-capacitance to the second electrode according to the first detection change value and the second detection change value the proportional relationship between the second resistance; and determine the touch position according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance.
需指出的是，将上述第一次充电和第二次充电的过程与第三次充电和第二次放电的过程的顺序互调，同样可以实现本发明，只要引起自电容的电荷变化即可。例如，第一次充电和第二次充电对自电容的充电电压不同，因此会引起自电容的电荷变化，本发明根据自电容的电荷变化即可获得相应的第一电阻和第二电阻的比例关系。It should be pointed out that the present invention can also be realized by intermodulating the order of the above-mentioned first charging and second charging process with the third charging and second discharging process, as long as the charge change of the self-capacitance is caused. . For example, the charging voltage of the self-capacitance is different between the first charging and the second charging, so the charge change of the self-capacitance will be caused. The present invention can obtain the corresponding ratio of the first resistance and the second resistance according to the change of the charge of the self-capacitance relation.
本发明实施例第二方面还提出了一种触控装置，包括：基板；多个不相交的感应单元，所述多个感应单元形成在所述基板之上，且每个感应单元的两端分别具有第一电极和第二电极；触摸屏控制芯片，所述触摸屏控制芯片包括充电模块、放电模块和检测模块，其中，所述充电模块，用于在第一次充电过程中，向所述多个感应单元中一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个接地，以在所述一个感应单元被触摸时对所述一个感应单元产生的自电容进行第一次充电；在第二次充电过程中，向所述多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极施加高电平信号，或者，向所述第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对所述自电容进行第二次充电；以及在第三次充电过程中，向所述多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对所述自电容进行第三次充电，所述放电模块，用于在所述充电模块对所述自电容第二次充电之后对所述自电容进行第一次放电，以及在所述充电模块对所述自电容第三次充电之后，将所述一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极接地，或者，将所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的一个接地并将所述第一电极和所述第二电极中的另一个断开以对所述自电容进行第二次放电，和所述检测模块，用于从对应的所述第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得所述第一次充电和所述第二次充电之间的第一检测变化值，及从对应的所述第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得所述第三次充电和所述第二次放电之间的第二检测变化值，和控制及计算模块，用于对所述充电模块、放电模块、第一检测模块和第二检测模块进行控制，并根据第一检测变化值和第二检测变化值计算所述自电容至所述第一电极之间的第一电阻和所述自电容至所述第二电极之间的第二电阻之间的比例关系，并根据所述第一电阻和所述第二电阻之间的比例关系确定触摸位置。The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides a touch device, including: a substrate; a plurality of disjoint sensing units, the plurality of sensing units are formed on the substrate, and the two ends of each sensing unit Respectively have a first electrode and a second electrode; a touch screen control chip, the touch screen control chip includes a charging module, a discharging module and a detection module, wherein the charging module is used to charge the multiple One of the first electrode and the second electrode of one of the sensing units applies a high-level signal, and the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is grounded, so that when the one sensing unit is touched The self-capacitance generated by the one sensing unit is charged for the first time; during the second charging process, a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of one sensing unit in the plurality of sensing units , or, applying a high-level signal to one of the first electrode and the second electrode and disconnecting the other of the first electrode and the second electrode to charge the self-capacitance for the second time ; and during the third charging process, applying a high level signal to one of the first electrode and the second electrode of one sensing unit in the plurality of sensing units, and applying a high level signal to the first electrode and the second electrode The other one is disconnected to charge the self-capacitance for the third time, and the discharging module is used to charge the self-capacitance for the first time after the charging module charges the self-capacitance for the second time. discharge, and after the charging module charges the self-capacitance for the third time, ground the first electrode and the second electrode of the one sensing unit, or connect the first electrode and the second electrode one of the first electrode and the second electrode is disconnected to discharge the self-capacitance for the second time, and the detection module is used to obtain the corresponding first electrode from the corresponding first electrode Or the second electrode detects to obtain the first detection change value between the first charge and the second charge, and detects from the corresponding first electrode or second electrode to obtain the first charge The second detection change value between the third charge and the second discharge, and the control and calculation module are used to control the charge module, the discharge module, the first detection module and the second detection module, and according to The first detected change value and the second detected change value calculate the proportional relationship between the first resistance between the self-capacitance and the first electrode and the second resistance between the self-capacitance and the second electrode. , and determine the touch position according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance.
本发明实施例第三方面还提出了一种便携式电子设备，包括如上所述的触控装置。The third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention also provides a portable electronic device, including the above-mentioned touch device.
本发明实施例的触摸屏检测设备中的感应单元采用双端检测，即感应单元的两端均具有电极，且每个电极均与触摸屏控制芯片的对应管脚相连，在进行触摸检测时通过感应单元自身即可实现对触摸点的定位。The sensing unit in the touch screen detection device of the embodiment of the present invention adopts double-terminal detection, that is, both ends of the sensing unit have electrodes, and each electrode is connected to the corresponding pin of the touch screen control chip, and the sensing unit passes through the sensing unit when performing touch detection. The positioning of the touch point can be realized by itself.
更为重要的是，本发明通过计算第一电阻和第二电阻之间比例实现触摸位置的确定，因此相对于目前的菱形或三角形设计来说，由于在确定触摸位置时，无需计算自电容的大小，且自电容的大小不会影响触摸位置的精度，从而提高了测量精度，改善了线性度。More importantly, the present invention realizes the determination of the touch position by calculating the ratio between the first resistance and the second resistance. Therefore, compared with the current rhombus or triangle design, there is no need to calculate the self-capacitance when determining the touch position. The size, and the size of the self-capacitance will not affect the accuracy of the touch position, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and improving the linearity.
本发明实施例通过对感应单元两端的电极施加电平信号，如果该感应单元被触碰，触摸物体(例如手指)则会与该感应单元形成自电容，因此本发明通过施加的电平信号可对该自电容进行充电，并根据第一电阻和第二电阻之间的比例关系确定触摸屏上的触摸位置。且通过本发明实施例的对自电容进行两次充电的检测方式，以抵消某些不可测量的物理参数或者减少物理量的测量，从而在保证检测速度的前提下，有效地提高检测精度。In the embodiment of the present invention, by applying a level signal to the electrodes at both ends of the sensing unit, if the sensing unit is touched, a touching object (such as a finger) will form a self-capacitance with the sensing unit, so the level signal applied in the present invention can The self-capacitance is charged, and the touch position on the touch screen is determined according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance. Moreover, the self-capacitance is charged twice in the detection method of the embodiment of the present invention to offset some unmeasurable physical parameters or reduce the measurement of physical quantities, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy under the premise of ensuring the detection speed.
本发明实施例提出了一种新颖的自电容检测方式，在感应单元被触摸时，触摸点就可将该感应单元分为两个电阻，从而在进行自电容检测的同时考虑这两个电阻就可以确定触摸点在该感应单元上的位置。本发明实施例的结构简单，并且对于一个感应单元来说，在充电或放电时进行检测，不仅能够降低RC常数，节省时间提高效率，并且还能够保证坐标不会偏移。此外，本发明实施例还可以有效提高电路的性噪比，降低电路噪声，提高感应线性度。另外，在检测过程中由于对被触摸的感应单元进行充电，因此其中会产生小电流，能够很好地消除Vcom电平信号对触摸屏中感应单元产生的自电容的影响，因此可以相应地消除屏幕屏蔽层及相关工序，从而可以在增强了抗干扰能力的同时进一步降低成本。The embodiment of the present invention proposes a novel self-capacitance detection method. When the sensing unit is touched, the touch point can divide the sensing unit into two resistors, so that the self-capacitance detection can be considered while considering the two resistances. The position of the touch point on the sensing unit can be determined. The structure of the embodiment of the present invention is simple, and for a sensing unit, detection during charging or discharging can not only reduce the RC constant, save time and improve efficiency, but also ensure that the coordinates will not shift. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also effectively improve the S/N ratio of the circuit, reduce the circuit noise, and improve the induction linearity. In addition, during the detection process, since the touched sensing unit is charged, a small current will be generated in it, which can well eliminate the influence of the Vcom level signal on the self-capacitance generated by the sensing unit in the touch screen, so the screen can be correspondingly eliminated. The shielding layer and related processes can further reduce the cost while enhancing the anti-interference ability.
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为现有技术中常见的一种自电容触摸屏的结构图；FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a common self-capacitance touch screen in the prior art;
图2a为现有技术中常见的另一种自电容触摸屏的结构图；FIG. 2a is a structural diagram of another self-capacitance touch screen common in the prior art;
图2b为现有技术中常见的另一种自电容触摸屏的检测原理图；Fig. 2b is a detection principle diagram of another common self-capacitance touch screen in the prior art;
图3为本发明实施例触控装置的检测原理示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a detection principle of a touch device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明一个实施例的触摸检测方法流程图；FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a touch detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例的矩形感应单元被触摸的示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular sensing unit being touched according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6a为本发明一个实施例的感应单元结构图；Fig. 6a is a structural diagram of a sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6b为本发明一个实施例的感应单元结构图；Fig. 6b is a structural diagram of a sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7a为本发明另一个实施例触摸屏检测设备结构图；Fig. 7a is a structural diagram of a touch screen detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图7b为本发明另一个实施例触摸屏检测装置结构图；Fig. 7b is a structural diagram of a touch screen detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例的感应单元被触摸时的示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram when the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention is touched;
图9a为本发明再一个实施例触摸屏检测设备结构图；Fig. 9a is a structural diagram of a touch screen detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图9b为本发明再一个实施例触摸屏检测装置结构图；Fig. 9b is a structural diagram of a touch screen detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例的感应单元被触摸时的示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram when the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention is touched;
图11为本发明一个实施例的触控装置示意图；FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a touch device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图12为本发明实施例触摸屏控制芯片的结构图。FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a touch screen control chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
本发明实施例提出了一种新颖的自电容检测方式，在感应单元被触摸时，触摸点可以将该感应单元分为两个电阻，在进行自电容检测的同时考虑这两个电阻就可以确定触摸点在该感应单元上的位置。如图3所示，为本发明实施例触控装置的检测原理示意图。当手指触摸该感应单元时，将相当于将该感应单元分割为两个电阻，这两个电阻的阻值与触摸点的位置相关。例如，如图所述，当触摸点与第一电极较近时，则电阻R1就较小，而电阻R2就较大；反之，当触摸点与第二电极较近时，则电阻R1就较大，而电阻R2就较小。因此，本发明通过对电阻R1和R2的检测就可以确定触摸点在该感应单元上的位置。在本发明的实施例中，通过多种方式检测电阻R1和R2，例如可通过检测第一电极和第二电极的电流检测变化值、自电容检测变化值、电平信号检测变化值和电荷变化量中的一种或多种，从而根据这些检测变化值获得电阻R1和R2。并且本发明通过对由触摸点形成的自电容进行两次充电以抵消某些不可测量的物理参数或者减少物理量的测量，提高测量精度。The embodiment of the present invention proposes a novel self-capacitance detection method. When the sensing unit is touched, the touch point can divide the sensing unit into two resistances, and the self-capacitance detection can be determined by considering these two resistances at the same time. The position of the touch point on the sensing unit. As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the touch device according to the embodiment of the present invention. When a finger touches the sensing unit, it is equivalent to dividing the sensing unit into two resistors, and the resistance of the two resistors is related to the position of the touch point. For example, as shown in the figure, when the touch point is closer to the first electrode, the resistor R1 is smaller, while the resistor R2 is larger; on the contrary, when the touch point is closer to the second electrode, the resistor R1 is smaller Large, and the resistor R2 is small. Therefore, the present invention can determine the position of the touch point on the sensing unit by detecting the resistors R1 and R2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistors R1 and R2 are detected in a variety of ways, for example, by detecting the current detection change value of the first electrode and the second electrode, self-capacitance detection change value, level signal detection change value and charge change One or more of the quantities, so that the resistances R1 and R2 are obtained according to these detected change values. Moreover, the present invention improves the measurement accuracy by charging the self-capacitance formed by the touch points twice to offset some unmeasurable physical parameters or reduce the measurement of physical quantities.
需要说明的是，在本发明的实施例中，上述第一电极和第二电极的功能相同，且二者可以互换，因此在上述实施例中，既可以从第一电极检测也可以从第二电极检测，只要能满足在充电、放电或检测时需要有电流经过第一电阻和第二电阻这一要求即可。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the functions of the above-mentioned first electrode and the second electrode are the same, and the two can be interchanged. The two-electrode detection only needs to satisfy the requirement that a current needs to pass through the first resistance and the second resistance during charging, discharging or detection.
在本发明的实施例中，可以以扫描的方式依次向多个感应单元施加相应的电压，同时在检测时也可以以扫描的方式依次进行检测。In the embodiment of the present invention, corresponding voltages can be applied to the plurality of sensing units sequentially in a scanning manner, and detection can also be performed sequentially in a scanning manner during detection.
在本发明的上述实施例中，虽然以第一次充电、第二次充电和第一次放电为例进行描述，但是本发明中只要有三个不同的状态即可，通过测量任意两个不同状态之间的状态差(即检测变化值)就可获得R1和R2之间的比例关系。在该实施例中，三个不同的状态为第一次充电后的状态，第二次充电后的状态和放电后的状态。In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, although the first charge, the second charge and the first discharge are used as examples for description, as long as there are three different states in the present invention, by measuring any two different states The state difference between them (that is, the detection change value) can obtain the proportional relationship between R1 and R2. In this embodiment, the three different states are the state after the first charge, the state after the second charge and the state after the discharge.
如图4所示，为本发明另一个实施例的触摸检测方法流程图，该流程图结合图3所示的原理图一同进行说明。该方法包括以下步骤：As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a flowchart of a touch detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the flowchart will be described together with the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 3 . The method includes the following steps:
步骤S410，向所述多个感应单元中一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将所述第一电极和第二电极中的另一个接地，以在感应单元被触摸时对感应单元产生的自电容进行第一次充电。在该实施例中，向第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号Vcc。Step S410, applying a high-level signal to one of the first electrode and the second electrode of a sensing unit among the plurality of sensing units, and grounding the other of the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to When the sensing unit is touched, the self-capacitance generated by the sensing unit is charged for the first time. In this embodiment, a high-level signal Vcc is applied to one of the first electrode and the second electrode.
如果此时该感应单元被手指或其他物体触摸，则该感应单元将会产生自电容C1(参照图3)，因此通过施加的高电平信号Vcc就可对自电容进行充电。此时，在本发明的一个实施例中，如果向第一电极施加高电平信号，则施加在自电容上的电压为V2＝VccR2/(R1+R2)。在本发明的一个实施例中，如果向第二电极施加高电平信号，则施加在自电容上的电压为V1＝VccR1/(R1+R2)。If the sensing unit is touched by a finger or other objects at this time, the sensing unit will generate a self-capacitance C1 (refer to FIG. 3 ), so the self-capacitance can be charged by applying a high-level signal Vcc. At this time, in one embodiment of the present invention, if a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode, the voltage applied to the self-capacitance is V2=VccR2/(R1+R2). In one embodiment of the present invention, if a high-level signal is applied to the second electrode, the voltage applied to the self-capacitance is V1=VccR1/(R1+R2).
此外，在本发明的实施例中，通过对自电容的充电，还可以提高自电容的检测精度。In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, by charging the self-capacitance, the detection accuracy of the self-capacitance can also be improved.
在本发明的一个实施例中，如果该感应单元没有被触摸，则后续将无法检测到自电容的存在，因此可判断其未被触摸。In one embodiment of the present invention, if the sensing unit is not touched, the existence of self-capacitance cannot be detected subsequently, so it can be judged that it is not touched.
步骤S420，向一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极施加高电平信号，或者，向第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号并将第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对自电容进行第二次充电。Step S420, applying a high-level signal to the first electrode and the second electrode of a sensing unit, or applying a high-level signal to one of the first electrode and the second electrode and The other is disconnected to recharge the self-capacitance a second time.
在本发明实施例中，可向第一电极和第二电极均施加高电平信号；或者，向第一电极施加高电平信号，而将第二电极断开；或者，向第二电极施加高电平信号，而将第一电极断开。另外需指出的是，由于施加的高电平信号为已知量，故两次所施加的高电平信号可以相同或者不相同，均不影响推导过程。在该实施例中，向第一电极和/或第二电极施加与步骤S401中相同的高电平信号Vcc。此时施加在自电容上的电压为Vcc。In the embodiment of the present invention, a high-level signal can be applied to both the first electrode and the second electrode; or, a high-level signal can be applied to the first electrode while the second electrode is disconnected; or, a high-level signal can be applied to the second electrode A high level signal disconnects the first electrode. In addition, it should be pointed out that since the applied high-level signal is a known quantity, the two applied high-level signals may be the same or different without affecting the derivation process. In this embodiment, the same high-level signal Vcc as in step S401 is applied to the first electrode and/or the second electrode. At this time, the voltage applied to the self-capacitance is Vcc.
步骤S430，从对应的第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得第一次充电和第二次充电之间的第一检测变化值，并对自电容进行第一次放电。在本发明的实施例中，所述的对应是指以下情况，例如，当一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极均接高电平信号进行充电时，从第一电极和第二电极均可进行检测；如当第一电极接高电平信号，第二电极断开时，则只能从第一电极检测；反之，当第二电极接高电平信号，第一电极断开时，则只能从第二电极检测。Step S430, performing detection from the corresponding first electrode or the second electrode to obtain a first detection change value between the first charging and the second charging, and discharging the self-capacitance for the first time. In the embodiments of the present invention, the correspondence refers to the following situations, for example, when both the first electrode and the second electrode of a sensing unit are connected to a high-level signal for charging, both the first electrode and the second electrode Detection is possible; for example, when the first electrode is connected to a high-level signal and the second electrode is disconnected, it can only be detected from the first electrode; on the contrary, when the second electrode is connected to a high-level signal and the first electrode is disconnected, Then it can only be detected from the second electrode.
在本发明的实施例中，只要第二次充电的方式与第一次充电的方式不同，就可引起自电容中电荷量的变化。此外，在检测完后需对自电容进行放电以便进行下一次充放电过程。In the embodiment of the present invention, as long as the second charging method is different from the first charging method, the charge amount in the self-capacitance may change. In addition, after the detection, the self-capacitance needs to be discharged for the next charging and discharging process.
在本实施例中，假设第一检测变化值为ΔQ1。以下以第一检测变化值和第二检测变化值为电荷变化量为例进行描述，但是能够反应电阻R1和R2之间关系的其他检测变化值，例如电平信号、电流等也均可采用。In this embodiment, it is assumed that the first detected change value is ΔQ1. The following description takes the first detected change value and the second detected change value as an example of charge change, but other detected change values that can reflect the relationship between resistors R1 and R2, such as level signals and currents, can also be used.
其中，如果在步骤410中，向第一电极施加高电平信号，则ΔQ1＝V1C1＝VccC1R1/(R1+R2)(3a)。其中，V1＝VccR1/(R1+R2)。此时第一次充电时自电容的电压为V2，该自电容电压可在第一次充电时检测或计算得到。Wherein, if in step 410, a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode, then ΔQ1=V1C1=VccC1R1/(R1+R2) (3a). Among them, V1=VccR1/(R1+R2). At this time, the voltage of the self-capacitance during the first charge is V2, and the self-capacitance voltage can be detected or calculated during the first charge.
其中，如果在步骤410中，向第二电极施加高电平信号，则ΔQ1＝V2C1＝VccC1R2/(R1+R2)(3b)。其中，V2＝VccR2/(R1+R2).此时第一次充电时自电容的电压为V1，该自电容电压可在第一次充电时检测或计算得到。Wherein, if in step 410, a high-level signal is applied to the second electrode, then ΔQ1=V2C1=VccC1R2/(R1+R2) (3b). Wherein, V2=VccR2/(R1+R2). At this time, the voltage of the self-capacitance at the first charge is V1, and the self-capacitance voltage can be detected or calculated at the first charge.
步骤S440，向多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极中的一个施加高电平信号，并将第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对自电容进行第三次充电。在该实施例中，向第一电极施加高电平信号Vcc，将第二电极断开，通过施加的高电平信号Vcc就可对自电容进行充电，此时施加在自电容上的电压为Vcc，因此自电容上的电荷量为VccC1。当然在本发明的其他实施例中，也可将第二电极施加高电平信号Vcc，将第一电极断开。Step S440, applying a high-level signal to one of the first electrode and the second electrode of a sensing unit in the plurality of sensing units, and disconnecting the other of the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to prevent self-capacitance Perform a third charge. In this embodiment, the high-level signal Vcc is applied to the first electrode, the second electrode is disconnected, and the self-capacitance can be charged by the applied high-level signal Vcc. At this time, the voltage applied to the self-capacitance is Vcc, so the amount of charge on the self-capacitance is VccC1. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the high-level signal Vcc may also be applied to the second electrode to disconnect the first electrode.
步骤S450，将一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极接地，或者，将第一电极和第二电极中的一个接地并将第一电极和第二电极中的另一个断开，以对自电容进行第二次放电。Step S450, grounding the first electrode and the second electrode of a sensing unit, or grounding one of the first electrode and the second electrode and disconnecting the other of the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to automatically The capacitor is discharged a second time.
具体地，可将一个感应单元的第一电极和第二电极均接地，或者，将第一电极接地，而第二电极断开，或者，将第二电极接地，而将第一电极断开，以对自电容进行第二次放电。Specifically, both the first electrode and the second electrode of one sensing unit may be grounded, or the first electrode may be grounded and the second electrode disconnected, or the second electrode may be grounded and the first electrode disconnected, To discharge the self-capacitance for the second time.
步骤S460，从对应的第一电极或第二电极进行检测以获得第三次充电和第二次放电之间的第二检测变化值。Step S460, performing detection from the corresponding first electrode or second electrode to obtain a second detection change value between the third charge and the second discharge.
在本实施例中，假设第二检测变化值为ΔQ2。第二检测变化值需采用与步骤S430中的第一检测变化值相同的检测变化值，即在本发明实施例中均为电荷变化量。同样地，在此所述“对应的”也是相对的概念，例如在第一次放电时，如果第二电极断开，则只能从第一电极进行检测。In this embodiment, it is assumed that the second detected change value is ΔQ2. The second detection change value needs to adopt the same detection change value as the first detection change value in step S430, that is, in the embodiment of the present invention, they are all charge change values. Likewise, the "corresponding" mentioned here is also a relative concept, for example, in the first discharge, if the second electrode is disconnected, detection can only be performed from the first electrode.
其中，ΔQ2＝VccC1(4)Among them, ΔQ2=VccC1(4)
步骤S470，根据第一检测变化值和第二检测变化值计算自电容至第一电极之间的第一电阻和自电容至第二电极之间的第二电阻的比例关系，并根据第一电阻和第二电阻的比例关系确定触摸位置。在本发明的一个实施例中，通过式(3a)(或3b)和(4)所表示的自电容电荷变化量可以计算出R1与R2的比例关系，由于图形的规则线性关系，则可以计算出触摸点所在的横坐标的位置，及自电容C1所在的位置。Step S470, calculating the proportional relationship between the first resistance between the self-capacitance and the first electrode and the second resistance between the self-capacitance and the second electrode according to the first detection change value and the second detection change value, and according to the first resistance The proportional relationship with the second resistance determines the touch position. In one embodiment of the present invention, the proportional relationship between R1 and R2 can be calculated by the self-capacitance charge variation represented by formula (3a) (or 3b) and (4), and due to the regular linear relationship of the graph, it can be calculated The position of the abscissa where the touch point is located and the position of the self-capacitance C1 are displayed.
在本发明的实施例中，如果在步骤410中，向第一电极施加高电平信号，则R1/R2＝ΔQ1/(ΔQ2-ΔQ1)，因此通过本发明实施例就可获得R1和R2之间的比例关系。In the embodiment of the present invention, if in step 410, a high-level signal is applied to the first electrode, then R1/R2=ΔQ1/(ΔQ2-ΔQ1), so the relationship between R1 and R2 can be obtained through the embodiment of the present invention. The proportional relationship between them.
在本发明的实施例中，如果在步骤410中，向第二电极施加高电平信号，则R1/R2＝(ΔQ2-ΔQ1)/ΔQ1，因此通过本发明实施例就可获得R1和R2之间的比例关系。In the embodiment of the present invention, if in step 410, a high-level signal is applied to the second electrode, then R1/R2=(ΔQ2-ΔQ1)/ΔQ1, so the relationship between R1 and R2 can be obtained through the embodiment of the present invention. The proportional relationship between them.
在本发明的实施例中，如果感应单元为门形感应单元或L形感应单元，则通过第一电阻和第二电阻之间的比值就可确定在触摸屏上的触摸位置，以下将结合具体的例子进行详述。但在本发明的其他实施例中，如果感应单元为矩形感应单元或蛇形(但整体上看相当于矩形)感应单元，则步骤S460只能计算出在触摸屏第一方向上的触摸位置，该第一方向可以是感应单元的长度方向(例如触摸屏的水平方向)。In an embodiment of the present invention, if the sensing unit is a door-shaped sensing unit or an L-shaped sensing unit, the touch position on the touch screen can be determined by the ratio between the first resistance and the second resistance. Examples are described in detail. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, if the sensing unit is a rectangular sensing unit or a serpentine (but generally equivalent to a rectangle) sensing unit, then step S460 can only calculate the touch position in the first direction of the touch screen. The first direction may be the length direction of the sensing unit (for example, the horizontal direction of the touch screen).
如果感应单元为矩形感应单元或蛇形(但整体上看相当于矩形)感应单元，则还需要根据感应单元的位置确定在第二方向上的触摸位置。在本发明的一个实施例中，第一方向为感应单元的长度方向，第二方向为垂直于感应单元的方向，感应单元水平设置或垂直设置。If the sensing unit is a rectangular sensing unit or a serpentine (but similar to a rectangle as a whole) sensing unit, it is also necessary to determine the touch position in the second direction according to the position of the sensing unit. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first direction is the length direction of the sensing unit, the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the sensing unit, and the sensing unit is arranged horizontally or vertically.
在本发明的实施例中，自电容检测模块可为目前已知的自电容检测模块，因此在此不再赘述。In the embodiment of the present invention, the self-capacitance detection module may be a currently known self-capacitance detection module, so details will not be repeated here.
在本发明的一个实施例中，如果采用两个自电容检测模块的话，则由于两个自电容检测模块可共用多个器件，因此不会增大芯片的整体功耗。In an embodiment of the present invention, if two self-capacitance detection modules are used, since the two self-capacitance detection modules can share a plurality of devices, the overall power consumption of the chip will not be increased.
在本发明的一个实施例中，感应单元可采用不同的形状。优选地，多个不相交的感应单元位于同一层，从而在保证检测精度的情况下，能够极大地节省成本。In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit can adopt different shapes. Preferably, multiple disjoint sensing units are located on the same layer, so that the cost can be greatly saved while ensuring the detection accuracy.
如图5所示，为本发明实施例的矩形感应单元被触摸的示意图。该感应单元为矩形，且多个感应单元与所述触摸屏的第一方向相互平行，因此触摸位置为在第一方向上的触摸位置。As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a schematic diagram of a rectangular sensing unit being touched according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sensing unit is rectangular, and the plurality of sensing units are parallel to the first direction of the touch screen, so the touch position is the touch position in the first direction.
如图6a所示，为本发明一个实施例的感应单元结构图。该感应单元200包括多个第一部分230和多个平行第二部分240，其中，相邻的第一部分230之间通过第二部分240相连，以形成多个交替排列的第一凹槽1000和第二凹槽2000，其中，多个第一凹槽1000和多个第二凹槽2000的开口方向相反。优选地，第二部分240沿第一方向排列。在本发明的一个实施例中，多个第一部分230可以相互平行，也可以不平行。且，优选地，第二部分240为矩形。在本发明的其他实施例中，第一部分230也可为矩形，但第一部分230还可为其它多种形状。在该实施例中，通过第一部分230增加电阻的阻抗，从而增大感应单元200的阻抗，使得第一电阻和第二电阻更易检测，进一步地提高检测精度。且在该实施例中，优选地，第二部分240之间的间隔相等，从而能够从感应单元的阻抗进行均匀地提高，以改善检测精度。在本发明的一个实施例中，第一方向为感应单元200的长度方向，第二方向为垂直于感应单元200的方向，具体地，感应单元200可水平设置或垂直设置。As shown in Fig. 6a, it is a structural diagram of a sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The induction unit 200 includes a plurality of first parts 230 and a plurality of parallel second parts 240, wherein adjacent first parts 230 are connected through the second parts 240 to form a plurality of alternately arranged first grooves 1000 and second grooves 1000. Two grooves 2000, wherein the opening directions of the plurality of first grooves 1000 and the plurality of second grooves 2000 are opposite. Preferably, the second portion 240 is aligned along the first direction. In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of first portions 230 may be parallel to each other, or not. And, preferably, the second part 240 is rectangular. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first portion 230 may also be rectangular, but the first portion 230 may also be in various other shapes. In this embodiment, the impedance of the resistor is increased through the first part 230 , thereby increasing the impedance of the sensing unit 200 , making it easier to detect the first resistor and the second resistor, and further improving detection accuracy. And in this embodiment, preferably, the intervals between the second parts 240 are equal, so that the impedance of the sensing unit can be increased uniformly, so as to improve the detection accuracy. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first direction is the length direction of the sensing unit 200, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the sensing unit 200. Specifically, the sensing unit 200 can be arranged horizontally or vertically.
在本发明的实施例中，感应单元200长度方向的尺寸与基板的尺寸基本一致，因此触控装置结构简单，容易制造，且制造成本低。In the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the sensing unit 200 in the longitudinal direction is basically the same as the size of the substrate, so the touch device has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has low manufacturing cost.
在本发明的一个实施例中，第一电极210和第二电极220分别与多个第一部分230中的两个第一部分相连。但是在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一电极210和第二电极220分别与多个第二部分240中的两个第二部分相连，如图6b所示。In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 are respectively connected to two first parts in the plurality of first parts 230 . But in another embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 are respectively connected to two second parts in the plurality of second parts 240, as shown in FIG. 6b.
并且，在本发明的实施例中，第二部分240和第一部分230之间相互垂直，二者之间的角度优选为90度，当然也可选择其他角度。如图6a所示，该感应单元200通过多个第二部分240将多个第一部分230首尾相连，感应单元200的第一电极210和第二电极220分别与两端的第一部分230相连。从整体结构上看，该感应单元200为具有较大长宽比的矩形。该需要说明的是，虽然在图6a中将感应单元200沿X轴设置，但是本领域技术人员应该理解的是，该感应单元200也可沿Y轴设置。通过该感应单元的结构可以有效地减少噪声，提高感应的线性度。Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second part 240 and the first part 230 are perpendicular to each other, and the angle between the two is preferably 90 degrees, of course, other angles can also be selected. As shown in FIG. 6 a , the sensing unit 200 connects multiple first parts 230 end to end through a plurality of second parts 240 , and the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 of the sensing unit 200 are respectively connected to the first parts 230 at both ends. Viewed from the overall structure, the sensing unit 200 is a rectangle with a relatively large aspect ratio. It should be noted that although the sensing unit 200 is arranged along the X axis in FIG. 6 a , those skilled in the art should understand that the sensing unit 200 can also be arranged along the Y axis. The structure of the sensing unit can effectively reduce noise and improve the linearity of sensing.
如图7a所示，为本发明另一个实施例的感应单元结构图。在该实施例中，该感应单元200可为门形，且多个感应单元200中每个感应单元200的长度不同，多个感应单元200之间相互嵌套。其中，每个所述感应单元包括第三部分250、不相交的第四部分260和第五部分270。优选地，第三部分250与基板100的第一边110平行，第四部分260和第五部分270与基板100的第二边120平行，且第四部分260一端与第三部分250的一端相连，第五部分270的一端与第三部分250的另一端相连。感应单元200的第四部分260的另一端具有第一电极210，第五部分270的另一端具有第二电极220，其中，每个第一电极210和第二电极220均与触摸屏控制芯片的对应的管脚相连。As shown in FIG. 7a, it is a structure diagram of a sensing unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the sensing unit 200 may be in the shape of a door, and each sensing unit 200 in the plurality of sensing units 200 has a different length, and the plurality of sensing units 200 are nested with each other. Wherein, each sensing unit includes a third portion 250 , a fourth portion 260 and a fifth portion 270 that are disjoint. Preferably, the third part 250 is parallel to the first side 110 of the substrate 100, the fourth part 260 and the fifth part 270 are parallel to the second side 120 of the substrate 100, and one end of the fourth part 260 is connected to one end of the third part 250 , one end of the fifth part 270 is connected to the other end of the third part 250 . The other end of the fourth part 260 of the sensing unit 200 has a first electrode 210, and the other end of the fifth part 270 has a second electrode 220, wherein each of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 is corresponding to the touch screen control chip. The pins are connected.
在本发明的实施例中，所谓相互嵌套是指外侧的感应单元部分地包围内侧的感应单元，例如如图7a所示，这样能够在保证精度的同时达到较大的覆盖率，并且降低运算的复杂度，提高触摸屏的响应速度。当然本领域技术人员还可根据图7a的思想采用其他相互嵌套的方式排列感应单元。在本发明的一个实施例中，每个感应单元200的第三部分250与其他感应单元200的第三部分250平行，每个感应单元200的第四部分260与其他感应单元200的第四部分260平行，每个感应单元200的第五部分270与其他感应单元200的第五部分270平行。在本发明的一个实施例中，感应单元200的第三部分250、第四部分260和第五部分270中至少一个为矩形，优选地，第三部分250、第四部分260和第五部分270均为矩形。在该实施例中，由于矩形结构图形规则，因此在手指横向或纵向移动时线性度好，此外，两个矩形结构之间的间距相同，便于计算，从而提高计算速度。In the embodiment of the present invention, the so-called mutual nesting means that the outer sensing unit partially surrounds the inner sensing unit, for example, as shown in Figure 7a, which can achieve greater coverage while ensuring accuracy, and reduce calculation The complexity, improve the response speed of the touch screen. Of course, those skilled in the art can also arrange the sensing units in other mutual nesting manners according to the concept of FIG. 7a. In one embodiment of the present invention, the third part 250 of each sensing unit 200 is parallel to the third part 250 of other sensing units 200, and the fourth part 260 of each sensing unit 200 is parallel to the fourth part of other sensing units 200. 260 , the fifth portion 270 of each sensing unit 200 is parallel to the fifth portion 270 of other sensing units 200 . In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the third part 250, the fourth part 260 and the fifth part 270 of the sensing unit 200 is rectangular, preferably, the third part 250, the fourth part 260 and the fifth part 270 are rectangular. In this embodiment, due to the regular pattern of the rectangular structure, the linearity is good when the finger moves horizontally or vertically. In addition, the distance between the two rectangular structures is the same, which is convenient for calculation, thereby improving the calculation speed.
在本发明的一个实施例中，每个感应单元200的第四部分260与第五部分270长度相等。In an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth portion 260 and the fifth portion 270 of each induction unit 200 have the same length.
在本发明的一个实施例中，基板100为矩形，第一边110和第二边120之间相互垂直，且第四部分260和第三部分250之间相互垂直，第五部分270和第三部分250之间相互垂直。In one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 100 is rectangular, the first side 110 and the second side 120 are perpendicular to each other, the fourth part 260 and the third part 250 are perpendicular to each other, the fifth part 270 and the third Sections 250 are perpendicular to each other.
在本发明的一个实施例中，相邻两个感应单元200的第三部分250之间的间距相等，相邻两个感应单元200的第四部分260之间的间距相等，相邻两个感应单元200的第五部分270之间的间距相等。这样就可以通过多个感应单元200对触摸屏的第一边110和第二边120均匀划分，从而提高运算速度。当然在本发明的其他实施例中，相邻两个感应单元200的第三部分250之间的间距也可不相等，或者，相邻两个感应单元200的第四部分260之间的间距也可不相等，如图7b所示。例如，由于用户往往触摸触摸屏的中心部位，因此可以将触摸屏中心部位的感应单元之间的间距减小，从而提高中心部位的检测精度。In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the third parts 250 of two adjacent sensing units 200 is equal, the distance between the fourth parts 260 of two adjacent sensing units 200 is equal, and the distance between two adjacent sensing units 200 is equal. The spacing between the fifth portions 270 of the unit 200 is equal. In this way, the first side 110 and the second side 120 of the touch screen can be evenly divided by the plurality of sensing units 200, thereby improving the operation speed. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the spacing between the third parts 250 of two adjacent sensing units 200 may also be unequal, or the spacing between the fourth parts 260 of two adjacent sensing units 200 may also be different. equal, as shown in Figure 7b. For example, since the user often touches the center of the touch screen, the distance between the sensing units at the center of the touch screen can be reduced, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the center.
在本发明的一个实施例中，多个感应单元200相对于基板100的中心轴Y对称，如图7a所示，中心轴Y垂直于第三部分250，从而更有利于提高精度。In one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple sensing units 200 are symmetrical with respect to the central axis Y of the substrate 100, as shown in FIG. 7a, the central axis Y is perpendicular to the third portion 250, which is more conducive to improving accuracy.
如图7a所示，在该实施例中，感应单元200的第一电极210和第二电极220均位于基板100的第一边110上。在该实施例中，检测到在感应单元上的触摸位置之后，即可获得在触摸屏之上的触摸位置。As shown in FIG. 7 a , in this embodiment, both the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 of the sensing unit 200 are located on the first side 110 of the substrate 100 . In this embodiment, after the touch position on the sensing unit is detected, the touch position on the touch screen can be obtained.
需要说明的是，上述图7a为本发明较优的实施例，其能够获得较大的覆盖率，但是本发明的其他实施例可对图7a进行一些等同的变化，例如第四部分260和第五部分270可以是不平行的。It should be noted that the above-mentioned Fig. 7a is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which can obtain greater coverage, but other embodiments of the present invention can make some equivalent changes to Fig. 7a, for example, the fourth part 260 and the fourth part 260 Five sections 270 may be non-parallel.
本发明实施例中的感应单元采用类似门形的结构，不仅结构简单，便于制作，所有引线都在同一边，设计方便，减少银浆成本并且制作容易，对减少生产成本有很大帮助。The sensing unit in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a gate-like structure, which is not only simple in structure, but also easy to manufacture. All the leads are on the same side, which is convenient in design, reduces the cost of silver paste and is easy to manufacture, which is of great help to reduce production costs.
如图8所示，为本发明实施例的感应单元被触摸时的示意图。从图8可知，第一电极为210，第二电极为220，触摸位置接近于第二电极，假设感应单元的长度为10个单位长度，且将感应单元均匀地分为10份，其中，感应单元第三部分250的长度为4个单位长度，感应单元第四部分260和第五部分270的长度为3个单位长度。经过检测，获知第一电阻和第二电阻之比为4∶1，即第一电极210至触摸位置的长度(由第一电阻体现)为全部感应单元长度的80％。换句话说，触摸点位于距离第一电极210处8个单位长度的位置，获知，触摸点位于距离第二电极220处2个单位长度的位置。当手指移动时，触摸位置会相应移动，因此通过触摸位置的变换就可判断手指相应的移动轨迹，从而判断用户的输入指令。As shown in FIG. 8 , it is a schematic diagram when the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention is touched. It can be seen from Fig. 8 that the first electrode is 210, the second electrode is 220, and the touch position is close to the second electrode. Assume that the length of the sensing unit is 10 unit lengths, and the sensing unit is evenly divided into 10 parts. The length of the third part 250 of the unit is 4 unit lengths, and the lengths of the fourth part 260 and the fifth part 270 of the induction unit are 3 unit lengths. After testing, it is known that the ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 4:1, that is, the length from the first electrode 210 to the touch position (represented by the first resistor) is 80% of the length of the entire sensing unit. In other words, the touch point is located at a distance of 8 unit lengths from the first electrode 210 , and it is known that the touch point is located at a distance of 2 unit lengths from the second electrode 220 . When the finger moves, the touch position will move accordingly, so the corresponding movement track of the finger can be judged through the transformation of the touch position, so as to judge the user's input instruction.
从图8的以上例子可以看出，本发明的计算方式非常简单，因此能够极大地提高触摸屏检测的反应速度。在本发明的实施例中，通常手指或其他物体会触摸多个感应单元，此时可以先获得在这被触摸的多个感应单元中每个的触摸位置，然后通过求平均的方式计算最终在触摸屏上的触摸位置。It can be seen from the above example in FIG. 8 that the calculation method of the present invention is very simple, so the reaction speed of touch screen detection can be greatly improved. In the embodiment of the present invention, usually a finger or other object will touch multiple sensing units, at this time, the touch position of each of the multiple sensing units that are touched can be obtained first, and then calculated by means of averaging. The touch location on the touchscreen.
如图9a所示，为本发明再一个实施例触摸屏检测设备结构图。在本发明的一个实施例中，多个感应单元的长度逐渐增加，且每个所述感应单元包括第六部分280和第七部分290。第六部分280的一端具有第一电极210，第七部分290的一端与第六部分280的另一端相连，且第七部分290的另一端具有第二电极220。As shown in FIG. 9a, it is a structure diagram of a touch screen detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of the plurality of induction units gradually increase, and each induction unit includes a sixth portion 280 and a seventh portion 290 . One end of the sixth part 280 has the first electrode 210 , one end of the seventh part 290 is connected to the other end of the sixth part 280 , and the other end of the seventh part 290 has the second electrode 220 .
具体地，第六部分280与基板100的第一边110平行，第七部分290与基板100的第二边120平行，且第一边110和第二边120相邻。且每个第一电极210和第二电极220均与触摸屏控制芯片的对应管脚相连。Specifically, the sixth portion 280 is parallel to the first side 110 of the substrate 100 , the seventh portion 290 is parallel to the second side 120 of the substrate 100 , and the first side 110 and the second side 120 are adjacent to each other. And each of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 is connected to a corresponding pin of the touch screen control chip.
在本发明的优选实施例中，每个感应单元200的第六部分280与其他感应单元200的第六部分280平行，每个感应单元200的第七部分290与其他感应单元200的第七部分290平行。通过这样的设置能够有效地提高感应单元对触摸屏的覆盖率。在本发明的一个实施例中，感应单元200的第六部分280、第七部分290中至少一个为矩形，优选地，第六部分280、第七部分290均为矩形。在该实施例中，由于矩形结构图形规则，因此在手指横向或纵向移动时线性度好，此外，两个矩形结构之间的间距相同，便于计算。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sixth part 280 of each sensing unit 200 is parallel to the sixth part 280 of other sensing units 200, and the seventh part 290 of each sensing unit 200 is parallel to the seventh part of other sensing units 200. 290 parallel. Such an arrangement can effectively improve the coverage of the sensing unit on the touch screen. In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the sixth part 280 and the seventh part 290 of the sensing unit 200 is a rectangle, preferably, both the sixth part 280 and the seventh part 290 are rectangles. In this embodiment, due to the regular pattern of the rectangular structure, the linearity is good when the finger moves horizontally or vertically. In addition, the distance between the two rectangular structures is the same, which is convenient for calculation.
本发明实施例的触摸屏检测装置中的感应单元采用双端检测，即感应单元的两端均具有电极，且每个电极均与触摸屏控制芯片的对应管脚相连，在进行触摸检测时通过感应单元自身即可实现对触摸点的定位。The sensing unit in the touch screen detection device of the embodiment of the present invention adopts double-terminal detection, that is, both ends of the sensing unit have electrodes, and each electrode is connected to the corresponding pin of the touch screen control chip, and the sensing unit passes through the sensing unit when performing touch detection. The positioning of the touch point can be realized by itself.
更为重要的是，本发明通过计算第一电阻和第二电阻之间比例实现触摸位置的确定，因此相对于目前的菱形或三角形设计来说，由于在确定触摸位置时，无需计算自电容的大小，且自电容的大小不会影响触摸位置的精度，对自电容检测精度的依赖降低，从而提高了测量精度，改善了线性度。此外，由于本发明实施例的第五部分270、第六部分280和第七部分290中任意一个均可为形状规则的矩形，因此相对于目前的菱形或三角形等不规则的形状来说，也可以进一步地提高线性度。More importantly, the present invention realizes the determination of the touch position by calculating the ratio between the first resistance and the second resistance. Therefore, compared with the current rhombus or triangle design, there is no need to calculate the self-capacitance when determining the touch position. The size, and the size of the self-capacitance will not affect the accuracy of the touch position, and the dependence on the detection accuracy of the self-capacitance is reduced, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and improving the linearity. In addition, since any one of the fifth part 270, the sixth part 280, and the seventh part 290 in the embodiment of the present invention can be a rectangle with regular shape, it is also suitable for irregular shapes such as rhombus or triangle. Linearity can be further improved.
在本发明的一个实施例中，每个感应单元的第六部分280与第七部分290长度相等，从而能够提高运算速度。优选地，基板100为矩形，第一边110和第二边120之间相互垂直。第一边110和第二边120相互垂直，不仅使得感应单元设计更加规则，例如使得感应单元的第六部分280和第七部分290之间也相互垂直，从而提高对触摸屏的覆盖率，而且第六部分280和第七部分290之间相互垂直也可以提高检测的线性度。In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the sixth part 280 and the seventh part 290 of each sensing unit are equal, so as to improve the operation speed. Preferably, the substrate 100 is rectangular, and the first side 110 and the second side 120 are perpendicular to each other. The first side 110 and the second side 120 are perpendicular to each other, which not only makes the design of the sensing unit more regular, for example, makes the sixth part 280 and the seventh part 290 of the sensing unit also perpendicular to each other, thereby improving the coverage of the touch screen, and the second The fact that the six parts 280 and the seventh part 290 are perpendicular to each other can also improve the linearity of detection.
在本发明的一个实施例中，相邻两个感应单元200之间的间距相等。这样就可以通过多个感应单元200对触摸屏的第一边110和第二边120均匀划分，从而提高运算速度。In an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent sensing units 200 is equal. In this way, the first side 110 and the second side 120 of the touch screen can be evenly divided by the plurality of sensing units 200, thereby improving the operation speed.
当然在本发明的另一个实施例中，相邻两个感应单元200之间的间距也可以不等，如图9b所示，例如由于用户往往触摸触摸屏的中心部位，因此可以将触摸屏中心部位的感应单元之间的间距减小，从而提高中心部位的检测精度。Of course, in another embodiment of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent sensing units 200 can also be unequal, as shown in Figure 9b, for example, since users often touch the center of the touch screen, the The distance between the sensing units is reduced, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the central part.
如图9a所示，在该实施例中，感应单元200的第一电极210位于基板100的第一边110上，第二电极220位于基板100的第二边120上，且第一边110和第二边120相互垂直。在该实施例中，检测到在感应单元上的触摸位置之后，即可获得在触摸屏之上的触摸位置。As shown in FIG. 9a, in this embodiment, the first electrode 210 of the sensing unit 200 is located on the first side 110 of the substrate 100, the second electrode 220 is located on the second side 120 of the substrate 100, and the first side 110 and The second sides 120 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, after the touch position on the sensing unit is detected, the touch position on the touch screen can be obtained.
如图10所示，为本发明实施例的感应单元被触摸时的示意图。从图10可知，第一电极为210，第二电极为220，触摸位置接近于第二电极220，假设感应单元的长度为10个单位长度，且将感应单元均匀地分为10份，其中，感应单元的第六部分280的长度为5个单位长度，感应单元的第七部分290的长度为5个单位长度。经过检测，获知第一电阻和第二电阻之比为9∶1，即第一电极210至触摸位置的长度(由第一电阻体现)为全部感应单元长度的90％。换句话说，触摸点位于距离第一电极210处9个单位长度的位置，获知，触摸点位于距离第二电极220处1个单位长度的位置。As shown in FIG. 10 , it is a schematic diagram when the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention is touched. It can be seen from FIG. 10 that the first electrode is 210, the second electrode is 220, and the touch position is close to the second electrode 220. Assume that the length of the sensing unit is 10 unit lengths, and the sensing unit is evenly divided into 10 parts. Among them, The length of the sixth part 280 of the sensing unit is 5 unit lengths, and the length of the seventh part 290 of the sensing unit is 5 unit lengths. After testing, it is known that the ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 9:1, that is, the length from the first electrode 210 to the touch position (represented by the first resistor) is 90% of the length of the entire sensing unit. In other words, the touch point is located at a position of 9 unit lengths away from the first electrode 210 , and it is known that the touch point is located at a position of 1 unit length away from the second electrode 220 .
从图10的以上例子可以看出，本发明的计算方式非常简单，因此能够极大地提高触摸屏检测的反应速度。It can be seen from the above example in FIG. 10 that the calculation method of the present invention is very simple, so the reaction speed of touch screen detection can be greatly improved.
在本发明的一个实施例中，多个感应单元200位于同一层，因此只需要一层ITO即可，从而在保证精度的同时，极大地降低制造成本。In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple sensing units 200 are located on the same layer, so only one layer of ITO is needed, thereby greatly reducing manufacturing cost while ensuring accuracy.
本发明实施例的触摸屏检测装置中的感应单元采用双端检测，即感应单元的两端均具有电极，且每个电极均与触摸屏控制芯片的对应管脚相连，在进行触摸检测时通过感应单元自身即可实现对触摸点的定位。The sensing unit in the touch screen detection device of the embodiment of the present invention adopts double-terminal detection, that is, both ends of the sensing unit have electrodes, and each electrode is connected to the corresponding pin of the touch screen control chip, and the sensing unit passes through the sensing unit when performing touch detection. The positioning of the touch point can be realized by itself.
更为重要的是，本发明通过计算第一电阻和第二电阻之间比例实现触摸位置的确定，因此相对于目前的菱形或三角形设计来说，由于在确定触摸位置时，无需计算自电容的大小，且自电容的大小不会影响触摸位置的精度，对自电容检测精度的依赖降低，从而提高了测量精度，改善了线性度。此外，由于本发明实施例的第五部分270、第六部分280和第七部分290中任意一个均可为形状规则的矩形，因此相对于目前的菱形或三角形等不规则的形状来说，也可以进一步地提高线性度。More importantly, the present invention realizes the determination of the touch position by calculating the ratio between the first resistance and the second resistance. Therefore, compared with the current rhombus or triangle design, there is no need to calculate the self-capacitance when determining the touch position. The size, and the size of the self-capacitance will not affect the accuracy of the touch position, and the dependence on the detection accuracy of the self-capacitance is reduced, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and improving the linearity. In addition, since any one of the fifth part 270, the sixth part 280, and the seventh part 290 in the embodiment of the present invention can be a rectangle with regular shape, it is also suitable for irregular shapes such as rhombus or triangle. Linearity can be further improved.
综上所述，本发明实施例通过对感应单元两端的电极施加电平信号，如果该感应单元被触碰，则会该感应单元会形成自电容，因此本发明通过施加的电平信号可对该自电容进行充电，并根据第一电阻和第二电阻之间的比例关系确定在第一方向上的触摸位置。例如在本发明的一个实施例中，第一电阻和第二电阻之间的比例关系根据在对所述自电容充电/放电时，从所述第一电极和/或第二电极进行检测获得的第一检测值和第二检测值之间的比例关系计算得到。因此从第一电极和/或第二电极检测该自电容充电/放电时产生的第一检测值和第二检测值。这样，通过第一检测值和第二检测值就能够反应触摸点位于该感应单元的位置，从而进一步确定触摸点在触摸屏的位置。To sum up, in the embodiment of the present invention, by applying a level signal to the electrodes at both ends of the sensing unit, if the sensing unit is touched, the sensing unit will form a self-capacitance, so the present invention can control the The self-capacitance is charged, and the touch position in the first direction is determined according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance is obtained from the detection of the first electrode and/or the second electrode when charging/discharging the self-capacitance The proportional relationship between the first detection value and the second detection value is calculated. Therefore, the first detection value and the second detection value generated when the self-capacitance is charged/discharged are detected from the first electrode and/or the second electrode. In this way, the position of the touch point on the sensing unit can be reflected by the first detection value and the second detection value, so as to further determine the position of the touch point on the touch screen.
对于图5和图6的感应单元来说，在确定了第一方向上的触摸位置之后，还需要进一步根据被触摸的感应单元的位置确定在第二方向上的触摸位置。在本发明的实施例中，可参照图5和6所示，如果检测到某个感应单元的第一检测值或第二检测值大于预设阈值，则说明该感应单元被触摸。假设第二个感应单元(其纵坐标为M)被触摸，则在第二方向上的触摸位置就为第二个感应单元的坐标M。之后，再根据第一方向上的触摸位置和第二方向上的触摸位置确定触摸点在触摸屏上的位置。For the sensing units in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , after the touch position in the first direction is determined, the touch position in the second direction needs to be further determined according to the position of the touched sensing unit. In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , if it is detected that the first detection value or the second detection value of a certain sensing unit is greater than a preset threshold, it means that the sensing unit is touched. Assuming that the second sensing unit (its vertical coordinate is M) is touched, the touch position in the second direction is the coordinate M of the second sensing unit. Afterwards, the position of the touch point on the touch screen is determined according to the touch position in the first direction and the touch position in the second direction.
具体地，可采用质心算法计算触摸点在第二方向上的触摸位置，以下对质心算法进行简单介绍。Specifically, a centroid algorithm may be used to calculate the touch position of the touch point in the second direction, and the centroid algorithm will be briefly introduced below.
在滑条和触摸板应用中，经常有必要在具体感应单元的本质间距以上确定出手指(或其他电容性物体)的位置。手指在滑条或触摸板上的接触面板通常大于任何个感应单元。为了采用一个中心来计算触摸后的位置，对这个阵列进行扫描以验证所给定的传感器位置是有效的，对于一定数量的相邻感应单元信号的要求是要大于预设触摸阈值。在找到最为强烈的信号后，此信号和那些大于触摸阈值的临近信号均用于计算中心：In slider and touchpad applications, it is often necessary to determine the position of a finger (or other capacitive object) beyond the intrinsic pitch of a particular sensing element. The contact surface of a finger on a slider or touchpad is usually larger than any number of sensing elements. In order to use a center to calculate the post-touch position, the array is scanned to verify that a given sensor position is valid, and the requirement for a certain number of adjacent sensing unit signals to be greater than a preset touch threshold. After finding the strongest signal, this signal and those neighboring signals greater than the touch threshold are used to calculate the center:
其中，Ncent为中心处感应单元的标号，n为检测到被触摸的感应单元的个数，i为被触摸感应单元的序号，其中i大于等于2。Wherein, Ncent is the label of the sensing unit at the center, n is the number of sensing units that are detected to be touched, and i is the serial number of the sensing unit that is touched, wherein i is greater than or equal to 2.
例如，当手指触摸在第一条通道，其电容变化量为y1，第二条通道上的电容变化量为y2和第三条通道上的电容变化量为y3时。其中第二通道y2电容变化量最大。Y坐标就可以算是：For example, when a finger touches the first channel, its capacitance variation is y1, the capacitance variation on the second channel is y2, and the capacitance variation on the third channel is y3. Among them, the capacitance variation of the second channel y2 is the largest. The Y coordinate can be regarded as:
如图11所示，为本发明一个实施例的触控装置示意图。该触控装置包括由基板100和多个不相交的感应单元200所构成的触摸屏检测装置、触摸屏控制芯片300。其中，触摸屏控制芯片300中的一部分管脚与多个感应单元200的第一电极210相连，触摸屏控制芯片300中的另一部分管脚与多个感应单元200的第二电极220相连，且触摸屏控制芯片300向多个感应单元200的第一电极210和/或第二电极220施加电平信号，该电平信号在感应单元200被触摸时向感应单元200产生的自电容充电。As shown in FIG. 11 , it is a schematic diagram of a touch device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The touch device includes a touch screen detection device composed of a substrate 100 and a plurality of disjoint sensing units 200 , and a touch screen control chip 300 . Wherein, some pins of the touch screen control chip 300 are connected to the first electrodes 210 of the plurality of sensing units 200, another part of pins of the touch screen control chip 300 are connected to the second electrodes 220 of the plurality of sensing units 200, and the touch screen control The chip 300 applies a level signal to the first electrode 210 and/or the second electrode 220 of the plurality of sensing units 200 , and the level signal charges the self-capacitance generated by the sensing unit 200 when the sensing unit 200 is touched.
如图12所示，为本发明实施例触摸屏控制芯片的结构图。触摸屏控制芯片300包括充电模块310、放电模块320、检测模块330和控制及计算模块340。As shown in FIG. 12 , it is a structural diagram of a touch screen control chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. The touch screen control chip 300 includes a charging module 310 , a discharging module 320 , a detection module 330 and a control and calculation module 340 .
充电模块310在第一次充电过程中，向多个感应单元中的一个感应单元200的第一电极210和第二电极220中的一个施加高电平信号，并将第一电极210和第二电极220中的另一个接地，以在一个感应单元200被触摸时对一个感应单元200产生的自电容进行第一次充电；在第二次充电过程中，向多个感应单元中的一个感应单元200的第一电极210和第二电极220施加高电平信号，或者，向第一电极210和第二电极220中的一个施加高电平信号并将第一电极210和第二电极220中的另一个断开，以对自电容进行第二次充电；以及在第三次充电过程中，向多个感应单元中的一个感应单元的第一电极210和第二电极220中的一个施加高电平信号，并将第一电极210和第二电极220中的另一个接地，以对自电容进行第三次充电。放电模块320用于在充电模块310对自电容第二次充电之后，对自电容进行第一次放电；并在对自电容第三次充电之后，将一个感应单元200的第一电极210和第二电极220接地，或者，将第一电极210和第二电极220中的一个接地并将第一电极210和所述第二电极220中的另一个断开以对自电容进行第二次放电。检测模块330用于在每次充放电时，从对应的第一电极210或第二电极220进行检测以获得第一次充电和第二次充电之间的第一检测变化值，及从对应的第一电极210或第二电极进行检测以获得第三次充电和第二次放电之间的第二检测变化值。控制及计算模块340用于对充电模块310、放电模块320、第一检测模块330和第二检测模块340进行控制，并根据第一检测变化值和第二检测变化值计算自电容至第一电极之间的第一电阻和自电容至所述第二电极之间的第二电阻的比例关系，并根据第一电阻和第二电阻的比例关系确定触摸位置。在本发明的实施例中，控制及计算模块340可以以扫描的方式控制充电模块310依次向多个感应单元施加相应的电压，同时在检测时也可以以扫描的方式依次进行检测，或者，也可以扫描的方式控制放电模块320依次对多个感应单元中被触摸的感应单元所产生的自电容进行放电。During the first charging process, the charging module 310 applies a high-level signal to one of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 of one sensing unit 200 among the plurality of sensing units, and connects the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 The other of the electrodes 220 is grounded to charge the self-capacitance generated by one sensing unit 200 for the first time when one sensing unit 200 is touched; The first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 of 200 apply a high-level signal, or apply a high-level signal to one of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 and apply a high-level signal to one of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 The other is disconnected to charge the self-capacitance for the second time; and during the third charging process, a high voltage is applied to one of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 of one sensing unit in the plurality of sensing units level signal, and ground the other of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 to charge the self-capacitance for the third time. The discharging module 320 is used to discharge the self-capacitance for the first time after the charging module 310 charges the self-capacitance for the second time; and after charging the self-capacitance for the third time, connect the first electrode 210 and the second The two electrodes 220 are grounded, or one of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 is grounded and the other of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 is disconnected to discharge the self-capacitance for the second time. The detection module 330 is used to detect from the corresponding first electrode 210 or the second electrode 220 to obtain the first detection change value between the first charging and the second charging at each charge and discharge, and from the corresponding The first electrode 210 or the second electrode detects to obtain a second detected change value between the third charge and the second discharge. The control and calculation module 340 is used to control the charging module 310, the discharging module 320, the first detection module 330 and the second detection module 340, and calculate the capacitance from the capacitance to the first electrode according to the first detection change value and the second detection change value The proportional relationship between the first resistance and the self-capacitance to the second resistance between the second electrodes, and the touch position is determined according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance. In the embodiment of the present invention, the control and calculation module 340 can control the charging module 310 to apply corresponding voltages to multiple sensing units sequentially in a scanning manner, and at the same time, it can also perform detection in a scanning manner during detection, or, The discharge module 320 may be controlled in a scanning manner to sequentially discharge the self-capacitance generated by the touched sensing unit among the plurality of sensing units.
在本发明的一个实施例中，第一检测变化值、第二检测变化值可为电流检测变化值、自电容检测变化值、电平信号检测变化值和电荷变化量中的一种或多种。In one embodiment of the present invention, the first detection change value and the second detection change value may be one or more of current detection change value, self-capacitance detection change value, level signal detection change value and charge change amount .
在本发明的一个实施例中，检测模块330为CTS(电容检测模块)。In one embodiment of the present invention, the detection module 330 is a CTS (capacitance detection module).
在本发明的一个实施例中，控制及计算模块340还用于根据被触摸的感应单元200的位置确定在第二方向上的触摸位置，并根据第一方向上的触摸位置和第二方向上的触摸位置确定所述触摸点在触摸屏上的位置。具体地，控制及计算模块340通过质心算法确定所述第二方向上的触摸位置。In one embodiment of the present invention, the control and calculation module 340 is also used to determine the touch position in the second direction according to the position of the touched sensing unit 200, and determine the touch position in the second direction according to the touch position in the first direction and the touch position in the second direction. The touch position determines the position of the touch point on the touch screen. Specifically, the control and calculation module 340 determines the touch position in the second direction through a centroid algorithm.
在本发明的一个实施例中，第一方向为感应单元200的长度方向，第二方向为垂直于感应单元200长度方向的方向，感应单元水平平行设置或垂直平行设置。In one embodiment of the present invention, the first direction is the length direction of the sensing unit 200, the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the sensing unit 200, and the sensing units are arranged horizontally or vertically in parallel.
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，多个不相交的感应单元位于同一层，从而在保证检测精度的前提下，有效地降低制造成本。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple disjoint sensing units are located on the same layer, thereby effectively reducing manufacturing costs while ensuring detection accuracy.
本发明还提出了一种便携式电子设备，包括如上所述的触控装置。The present invention also proposes a portable electronic device, including the above-mentioned touch device.
本发明实施例通过对感应单元两端的电极施加电平信号，如果该感应单元被触碰，则会该感应单元会形成自电容，因此本发明通过施加的电平信号可对该自电容进行充电，并根据第一电阻和第二电阻之间的比例关系确定触摸屏上的触摸位置。且通过本发明实施例的对自电容进行两次充电的检测方式，以抵消某些不可测量的物理参数或者减少物理量的测量，从而在保证检测速度的前提下，有效地提高检测精度。In the embodiment of the present invention, by applying a level signal to the electrodes at both ends of the sensing unit, if the sensing unit is touched, the sensing unit will form a self-capacitance, so the present invention can charge the self-capacitance through the applied level signal , and determine the touch position on the touch screen according to the proportional relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance. Moreover, the self-capacitance is charged twice in the detection method of the embodiment of the present invention to offset some unmeasurable physical parameters or reduce the measurement of physical quantities, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy under the premise of ensuring the detection speed.
本发明实施例提出了一种新颖的自电容检测方式，在感应单元被触摸时，触摸点就可将该感应单元分为两个电阻，从而在进行自电容检测的同时考虑这两个电阻就可以确定触摸点在该感应单元上的位置。本发明实施例的结构简单，并且对于一个感应单元来说，可从其的第一电极和/或第二电极进行充电或放电，并在充电或放电时进行检测，不仅能够降低RC常数，节省时间提高效率，并且还能够保证坐标不会偏移。此外，本发明实施例还可以有效提高电路的性噪比，降低电路噪声，提高感应线性度。另外，在检测过程中由于对被触摸的感应单元进行充电，因此其中会产生小电流，能够很好地消除Vcom电平信号对触摸屏中感应单元产生的自电容的影响，因此可以相应地消除屏幕屏蔽层及相关工序，从而可以在增强了抗干扰能力的同时进一步降低成本。The embodiment of the present invention proposes a novel self-capacitance detection method. When the sensing unit is touched, the touch point can divide the sensing unit into two resistors, so that the self-capacitance detection can be considered while considering the two resistances. The position of the touch point on the sensing unit can be determined. The structure of the embodiment of the present invention is simple, and for an induction unit, it can charge or discharge from its first electrode and/or second electrode, and detect when charging or discharging, not only can reduce the RC constant, save Time improves efficiency, and it can also ensure that the coordinates will not shift. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also effectively improve the S/N ratio of the circuit, reduce the circuit noise, and improve the induction linearity. In addition, during the detection process, since the touched sensing unit is charged, a small current will be generated in it, which can well eliminate the influence of the Vcom level signal on the self-capacitance generated by the sensing unit in the touch screen, so the screen can be correspondingly eliminated. The shielding layer and related processes can further reduce the cost while enhancing the anti-interference ability.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110459295.5ACN102902430B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch detecting method and contactor control device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102109594 | 2011-07-26 | ||
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011205738057UExpired - LifetimeCN202795313U (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch control device and portable electronic device |
| CN2011205736297UExpired - LifetimeCN202600660U (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch control device and portable electronic equipment |
| CN201110459293.6AExpired - Fee RelatedCN102902429B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch detecting method and contactor control device |
| CN201110459408.1AExpired - Fee RelatedCN102902435B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch detecting method and contactor control device |
| CN201110459295.5AExpired - Fee RelatedCN102902430B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch detecting method and contactor control device |
| CN2011205738593UExpired - LifetimeCN202795285U (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch control device and portable electronic device |
| CN201110459466.4AExpired - Fee RelatedCN102902437B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch-screen testing equipment and contactor control device |
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| CN2011205738593UExpired - LifetimeCN202795285U (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-31 | Touch control device and portable electronic device |
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| TW (14) | TWM449305U (en) |
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| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | Address after:518119 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kuiyong street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after:BYD Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. Address before:518119 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kuiyong street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before:BYD Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. | |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | Address after:518119 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kuiyong street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after:BYD Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. Address before:518118 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kuiyong street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before:SHENZHEN BYD MICROELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. | |
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