CN102902297B

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN102902297B
Application number: CN201210319438.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: E·贝当古
Original assignee: Homerun Holdings Corp
Current assignee: Homerun Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2011-07-27
Filing date: 2012-07-27
Publication date: 2016-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-27

Abstract

The invention provides a method and apparatus for isolating a high voltage power control element. The apparatus and method described below are for a high voltage control circuit using a commercially available low voltage and low cost relay. A low voltage control system using a commercial switching relay is used to control and switch the isolated low voltage power supply through the isolation layer. The isolated low-voltage power supply is used to drive a commercial switching relay that controls the high-voltage power applied to the high-voltage load. The addition of the isolated low voltage power supply, controlled by an isolation layer, allows commercial low voltage components to be used to switch high voltage power such as 347VAC without violating the insurance company laboratory spacing or testing requirements.

Description

Translated fromChinese

用于隔离高压功率控制元件的方法和装置Method and apparatus for isolating high voltage power control components

相关申请related application

本申请要求于2011年7月27日提交的同时待审的美国临时专利申请61/512323的优先权。This application claims priority to co-pending US Provisional Patent Application 61/512,323, filed July 27, 2011.

技术领域technical field

以下所描述的本发明涉及电控制领域，更具体地，涉及对于控制电负载的高压继电器驱动电路的控制。The invention described below relates to the field of electrical control, and more particularly, to the control of a high voltage relay drive circuit for controlling electrical loads.

背景技术Background technique

为了安全操作，需要对高压继电器进行物理隔离。保险公司实验室(Underwriters Laboratories)最近提高了其对于347VAC系统的间距和测试要求。保险公司实验室要求在高压与任何可能和人(例如，安装人员或用户)接触到的部件之间存在特定的物理间距。通常，保险公司实验室认为通常小于等于42.5VDC和小于等于30VAC的低压电路可与人接触。因为从低压线圈接触部到高压继电器接触部的距离通常小于所要求的最小间距，所以普通商用继电器不符合该高压间距要求。For safe operation, high voltage relays need to be physically isolated. Underwriters Laboratories recently increased its spacing and testing requirements for 347VAC systems. Insurance company laboratories require a specific physical separation between high voltages and any components that may come into contact with humans (eg, installers or users). Generally, insurance company laboratories consider low-voltage circuits, typically 42.5 VDC or less and 30 VAC or less, to be in contact with humans. Common commercial relays do not meet this high voltage spacing requirement because the distance from the low voltage coil contact to the high voltage relay contact is usually less than the required minimum spacing.

现有的特殊继电器是保险公司实验室所列出的用于347VAC操作的继电器，但是这些继电器比所要满足的间距要求大得多，成本是普通商用继电器的三至四倍，并且通常是不期望的闩锁型继电器。Existing specialty relays are those listed by insurance company labs for 347VAC operation, but these relays are much larger than the spacing required to meet them, cost three to four times more than common commercial relays, and are often undesirable latch-type relays.

在继电器控制电路中，例如6-24V直流或交流的低压线圈由低压控制电路驱动以在该线圈中形成电流，从而形成将连接至一个高压接触部的继电器接触部衔铁拉向另一开路高压接触部的磁场，从而使继电器接触部闭合并形成闭合高压电路。这使得一个继电器接触部上的高压电源可以连接至与其它接触部连接的负载以便控制至负载的功率。在照明控制中，24VDC是非常普通的操作电压，因此发现由24V电源驱动的继电器线圈是很常见的。大多数商用继电器是保险公司实验室对于普通美国操作电压(例如，120VAC或277VAC)所列出或定级的继电器，这是因为低压线圈与高压继电器接触部之间的物理间隔符合保险公司实验室对于间距的要求，但是这些间距并不适合于对347VAC的控制。In a relay control circuit, a low voltage coil such as 6-24V DC or AC is driven by the low voltage control circuit to create a current in the coil, thereby forming an armature that pulls the relay contact connected to one high voltage contact to the other open circuit high voltage contact The magnetic field inside, so that the relay contacts are closed and form a closed high-voltage circuit. This allows high voltage power on one relay contact to be connected to a load connected to the other contact in order to control power to the load. In lighting controls, 24VDC is a very common operating voltage, so it is not uncommon to find relay coils driven by 24V supplies. Most commercially available relays are those listed or rated by insurance company laboratories for common U.S. operating voltages (for example, 120VAC or 277VAC) because the physical separation between the low-voltage coil and the contacts of the high-voltage relay complies with insurance company laboratory requirements. For spacing requirements, but these spacing is not suitable for the control of 347VAC.

发明内容Contents of the invention

以下所描述的设备和方法用于使用商用低压和低成本继电器的高压控制电路。使用商用开关继电器的低压控制系统用于通过隔离层控制并切换隔离低压电源。所述隔离低压电源用于驱动控制施加至高压负载的高压功率的商用开关继电器。增加通过隔离层控制的所述隔离低压电源，使得可以使用商用低压部件来切换诸如347VAC等高压功率而不违背保险公司实验室的间隔或测试要求。The apparatus and methods described below are used in high voltage control circuits using commercial low voltage and low cost relays. Low voltage control systems using commercially available switching relays are used to control and switch isolated low voltage power sources across the isolation barrier. The isolated low voltage power supply is used to drive commercial switching relays that control high voltage power applied to high voltage loads. The addition of the isolated low voltage power supply controlled through the isolation barrier makes it possible to use commercial low voltage components to switch high voltage power such as 347VAC without violating insurance company lab spacing or testing requirements.

在所描述的隔离高压控制电路中，例如24VDC，从概念上说，隔离控制功率电路中的所有元件都暴露于来自保险公司实验室测试观点的高压。使用隔离的24VDC电源而不是使用暴露的低压电源，来对隔离功率电路的继电器线圈进行供电。为了仍然允许由低压控制电路进行控制，光隔离器或其它合适的隔离部件用于从暴露的低压系统发送控制信号穿过例如光隔离等合适的隔离阻挡至隔离高压系统，以控制“热”继电器线圈。由于认为隔离继电器线圈和隔离继电器接触部两者均位于电路的高压侧，因此可以在隔离高压应用中使用普通商用继电器。这节省了大量成本并且允许使用较小的商用继电器，从而可以使产品制造得更小，例如，适合于如某些地方性建筑法规所要求的那样安装在标准接线盒内部。In the described isolated high voltage control circuit, eg 24VDC, conceptually all components in the isolated control power circuit are exposed to high voltage from the insurance company's laboratory testing point of view. Use an isolated 24VDC supply instead of an exposed low voltage supply to power the relay coils of the isolated power circuit. To still allow control by the low voltage control circuit, an opto-isolator or other suitable isolating component is used to send a control signal from the exposed low voltage system across a suitable isolation barrier such as an opto-isolation to the isolated high voltage system to control a "thermal" relay coil. Since both the isolated relay coil and the isolated relay contacts are considered to be on the high voltage side of the circuit, common commercial relays can be used in isolated high voltage applications. This saves significant cost and allows the use of smaller commercially available relays, allowing the product to be made smaller, for example, to fit inside a standard junction box as required by some local building codes.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是多层隔离功率控制系统的框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a multilayer isolated power control system.

图2是图1的隔离低压电源的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the isolated low voltage power supply of FIG. 1 .

具体实施方式detailed description

在图1中，多层功率控制系统10包括第一控制系统12，第一控制系统12是通过隔离元件16来控制高压功率系统14的低压控制系统。低压控制系统12包括低压电源12P和产生低压控制信号13的控制元件17。控制元件17可以是任何适合的用户控制装置，诸如按钮、开关、继电器或其它电开关装置等。可以将低压控制系统12的一些或全部元件封装在常规接线盒或开关盒中。隔离元件16可以是任何合适的控制信号隔离器，诸如光隔离器等。隔离元件16将低压控制信号13隔离并转化为施加至高压功率系统14的一个或多个隔离控制信号13H。In FIG. 1 , a multi-layer power control system 10 includes a first control system 12 that is a low voltage control system that controls a high voltage power system 14 through an isolation element 16 . The low voltage control system 12 includes a low voltage power supply 12P and a control element 17 generating a low voltage control signal 13 . Control element 17 may be any suitable user control device, such as a button, switch, relay or other electrical switching device or the like. Some or all of the elements of the low voltage control system 12 may be housed in a conventional junction box or switch box. Isolation element 16 may be any suitable control signal isolator, such as an opto-isolator or the like. The isolation element 16 isolates and converts the low voltage control signal 13 into one or more isolated control signals 13H that are applied to the high voltage power system 14 .

高压功率系统14是包括隔离低压电源18和诸如继电器19等的隔离开关或控制元件的控制系统。隔离控制元件可以是诸如继电器19等单个元件，或者可以是任何合适的开关或控制电路，诸如晶体管开关电路、三端双向可控硅开关元件开关电路、可控硅开关电路或光隔离器开关电路等。The high voltage power system 14 is a control system including an isolated low voltage power supply 18 and isolating switches or control elements such as relays 19 . The isolation control element may be a single element such as a relay 19, or may be any suitable switch or control circuit, such as a transistor switching circuit, a triac switching circuit, a thyristor switching circuit or an opto-isolator switching circuit Wait.

图2中示出了电源18，并且电源18将来自端子15A和15B的控制功率18C施加至继电器19，继电器19由隔离控制信号13H控制，以产生施加至诸如负载继电器22等负载开关元件的控制信号19C，负载继电器22将高压功率从高压供电装置20切换至负载21。可以将诸如金属氧化物变阻器或扼流圈等输入保护部件23放置在电源18中的线路与中性连接部(分别为连接部24与25)以及位于R164和D36的输入部之间。当切换器U15导通时，电阻器178和179与齐纳二极管Z8结合来驱动MOSFET Q34导通。MOSFET Q34给切换器U15提供约500伏的附加电压击穿能力。Power supply 18 is shown in FIG. 2 and applies control power 18C from terminals 15A and 15B to relay 19 which is controlled by isolated control signal 13H to generate control applied to a load switching element such as load relay 22. signal 19C, the load relay 22 switches the high voltage power from the high voltage power supply device 20 to the load 21 . An input protection component 23 such as a metal oxide varistor or choke coil may be placed between the line and neutral connections (connections 24 and 25 respectively) in the power supply 18 and the input at R164 and D36. When switch U15 is turned on, resistors 178 and 179 in combination with Zener diode Z8 drive MOSFET Q34 to turn on. MOSFET Q34 provides approximately 500 volts of additional voltage breakdown capability to switcher U15.

因为功率和控制部件18、19和22被隔离在高压系统14中，所以它们是可以使用的商用低压部件。如果低压部件与用户隔离，则高压供电装置20和高压负载21可以由较廉价的低压部件18、19和22控制。Because the power and control components 18, 19 and 22 are isolated in the high voltage system 14, they are commercial low voltage components that can be used. The high voltage supply 20 and the high voltage load 21 can be controlled by the less expensive low voltage components 18 , 19 and 22 if the low voltage components are isolated from the user.

尽管参照研发所述设备和方法的环境描述了所述设备和方法的优选实施例，但是它们仅仅是本发明原理的示例。各个实施例的元件可以并入到每个其它种类中，以获得这些元件与这种其它种类结合的优点，并且各个有益的特征可以单独用于实施例中或者互相结合地用于实施例中。在不脱离本发明精神和所附权利要求的范围的情况下，可以设计出其它实施例和配置。Although preferred embodiments of the devices and methods have been described with reference to the environment in which they were developed, they are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Elements of various embodiments may be incorporated into each other category to obtain the advantages of combining these elements with this other category, and various beneficial features may be used in an embodiment alone or in combination with each other. Other embodiments and configurations may be devised without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.