CN102901838A - Non-synchronous vibration simulation experiment table for blades and experiment operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-synchronous vibration simulation experiment table for blades and an experiment operation method of the experiment table, belonging to the field of aircraft engines. The experiment table comprises a pressure container, a jet cylinder, a pressure sensor supporting seat, an experiment plate supporting seat, a vibration exciter, an experiment table bed body and a platform supporting seat, wherein the pressure container is connected with the jet cylinder through a connecting pipeline; the jet cylinder is arranged at one end of the experiment table bed body; the vibration exciter is arranged at the other end of the experiment table bed body; the experiment plate supporting seat is arranged between the vibration exciter and the jet cylinder; the pressure sensor supporting seat is arranged between the experiment plate supporting seat and the jet cylinder; a vibration separating block and the platform supporting seat are arranged at the lower end of the experiment table bed body; and the experiment table bed body is connected with the platform supporting seat through the vibration separating block. According to the non-synchronous vibration simulation experiment table for blades, the distance between the jet cylinder and the experiment plate supporting seat can be adjusted; the experiment result is more accurate and effective through the vibration separating block; the pressure and speed of the jet air flow can be adjusted according to different needs of experiments; and the experiment plates can be replaced in the device.

Description

Translated fromChinese

叶片非同步振动模拟实验台及实验操作方法Blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench and experimental operation method

技术领域technical field

本发明属于航空发动机领域，具体涉及一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台及实验操作方法。The invention belongs to the field of aero-engines, and in particular relates to a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench and an test operation method.

背景技术Background technique

由于现在很多的压气机叶片在使用较长的时间之后，都会产生严重的损坏。引起这种现象的因素为压气机叶片的非同步振动。它基于气体射流动力学，并和涡流理论相结合，通过和模拟叶片的柔性板相耦合，达到共振。正常情况下叶片共振时的频率为叶片所在轴的转动频率的整数倍，但是在实验测量中，叶片产生共振时所测到的频率并不是轴转动频率的整数倍，因此，在叶片工作过程中，产生了一种气流，影响到了叶片的振动，这个气流就是文中提出的叶尖间隙流。它在撞击叶片的时候就会产生一个反馈声波，这个反馈声波的波长等于叶尖间隙流出发点到这个叶片的距离的时候，认为产生了叶尖间隙流共振，然后这个共振影响到了这个叶片，对叶尖位置产生了一个较大的压力波动，这个波动不仅影响了叶片共振的频率，而且还加速了叶片的损坏。Since many compressor blades are used for a long time, serious damage will occur. The factor causing this phenomenon is the asynchronous vibration of the compressor blades. It is based on gas jet dynamics, combined with vortex theory, and achieves resonance by coupling with a flexible plate that simulates a blade. Under normal circumstances, the frequency of blade resonance is an integer multiple of the rotation frequency of the shaft where the blade is located, but in the experimental measurement, the frequency measured when the blade resonates is not an integer multiple of the rotation frequency of the shaft. Therefore, during the working process of the blade , a kind of airflow is produced, which affects the vibration of the blade. This airflow is the tip clearance flow proposed in this paper. When it hits the blade, it will generate a feedback sound wave. When the wavelength of this feedback sound wave is equal to the distance from the starting point of the tip clearance flow to the blade, it is considered that the tip clearance flow resonance occurs, and then this resonance affects the blade. Yes The position of the blade tip produces a large pressure fluctuation, which not only affects the frequency of blade resonance, but also accelerates the damage of the blade.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的不足，本发明提出一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台及实验操作方法，以达到准确测量出作用于叶片的风速的目的。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench and an experimental operation method to achieve the purpose of accurately measuring the wind speed acting on the blade.

一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台，包括压力容器、喷射筒、压力传感器支座、实验板支座、激振器、试验台床身和平台支座，其中，压力容器通过连接管路连接喷射筒，所述的喷射筒设置于试验台床身的一端，试验台床身的另一端设置有激振器；在所述的激振器与喷射筒之间设置有实验板支座，在所述的实验板支座与喷射筒之间设置有压力传感器支座；所述的试验台床身下端设置有通过隔振块和平台支座，试验台床身通过隔振块连接平台支座。A blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench, including a pressure vessel, a spray tube, a pressure sensor support, a test board support, a vibrator, a test bed bed and a platform support, wherein the pressure vessel is connected to the spraying machine through a connecting pipeline. cylinder, the spray cylinder is arranged at one end of the bed of the test bench, and the other end of the bed of the test bench is provided with an exciter; between the exciter and the spray cylinder, an experimental board support is arranged, and the A pressure sensor support is provided between the test plate support and the spray cylinder; the lower end of the test bed bed is provided with a vibration isolation block and a platform support, and the test bed bed is connected to the platform support through a vibration isolation block.

所述的试验台床身上设置有滑道，通过移动与滑道相对应的滑块，实现调整喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离。A slideway is arranged on the bed of the test bench, and the distance between the spray cylinder and the support of the test board can be adjusted by moving the slider corresponding to the slideway.

所述的连接管路上设置有压力阀。A pressure valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

采用叶片非同步振动模拟实验台确定气流速度的方法，包括以下步骤：The method for determining the airflow velocity by using the blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench includes the following steps:

步骤1、通过移动试验台床身上的滑块调节喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离，上述距离范围为1＜L/D＜7，其中，L为喷射筒与实验板之间的距离，D为喷射气流直径；Step 1. Adjust the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board support by moving the slider on the test bed, the distance range is 1<L/D<7, where L is the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board , D is the jet flow diameter;

步骤2、在实验板支座上安装用于模拟叶片的实验板；在压力传感器支座上安装压力传感器；在实验板的螺纹孔中安装压力传感器，并在实验板被压力容器气流冲击的另一侧安装加速度传感器，同时启动激振器为实验板提供固有频率；Step 2. Install the experimental board for simulating the blade on the experimental board support; install the pressure sensor on the pressure sensor support; install the pressure sensor in the threaded hole of the experimental board, and install the pressure sensor on the other side where the experimental board is impacted by the pressure vessel airflow Install the acceleration sensor on one side, and start the vibrator at the same time to provide the natural frequency for the experiment board;

步骤3、开启连接管路上的压力阀，调节输出气流的压力，所述气流压力范围为1.5MPa～2.5MPa；Step 3, open the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline to adjust the pressure of the output air flow, the pressure range of the air flow is 1.5MPa～2.5MPa;

步骤4、通过压力传感器采集喷射气流的压力数据和实验板上的压力数据；通过实验板上的加速度传感器采集实验板上的变形量数据；Step 4, collect the pressure data of the jet airflow and the pressure data on the test board through the pressure sensor; collect the deformation data on the test board through the acceleration sensor on the test board;

随着气流速度的增加，气流作用在实验板上的压力波产生反馈声波，当反馈声波长等于喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离时，在喷射筒喷嘴处产生速度和压力波动，使实验板的固有频率处产生一个波峰，实验板产生明显增大的压力波动，记录此时连接管路上的压力阀的转角刻度，并根据压力容器喷射气流速度与压力阀的转角刻度之间的关系，得出此时气流速度。With the increase of the air velocity, the pressure wave acting on the test plate by the air flow will generate a feedback sound wave. When the wavelength of the feedback sound is equal to the distance between the spray cylinder and the support of the test plate, the velocity and pressure fluctuations will be generated at the nozzle of the spray cylinder, so that A peak is generated at the natural frequency of the experimental board, and the experimental board produces a significantly increased pressure fluctuation. Record the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline at this time, and according to the relationship between the jet flow velocity of the pressure vessel and the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve , to obtain the air velocity at this time.

本发明优点：Advantage of the present invention:

本发明一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台及实验操作方法，该装置通过移动与滑道相对应的滑块，实现调整喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离；试验台床身和四个平台支座之间放置了四个隔振块，减少或者消除了其它部件产生的振动信号对实验结果的影响，使实验结果更加的精确和有效；在连接管路上设置了一个压力阀，可以根据实验的不同需要来调节喷射气流的压力和速度，并可做其他的测试实验；实验板的安装设置成了可更换式，有柔性和刚性两种实验板可以更换，可以对比做射流冲击刚性板和柔性板的声波反馈理论两个实验。The invention discloses a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench and an experimental operation method. The device realizes adjusting the distance between the spray cylinder and the support of the test board by moving the slider corresponding to the slideway; the bed of the test bench and four Four vibration isolation blocks are placed between the platform supports to reduce or eliminate the influence of vibration signals generated by other components on the experimental results, making the experimental results more accurate and effective; a pressure valve is set on the connecting pipeline, which can be used according to The pressure and speed of the jet flow can be adjusted according to the different needs of the experiment, and other test experiments can be done; the installation of the experimental board is set to be replaceable, and there are two kinds of flexible and rigid experimental boards that can be replaced, which can be compared to the jet impact rigid board and two experiments on the acoustic feedback theory of flexible boards.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明一种实施例的叶片非同步振动模拟实验台结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench of an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明一种实施例的压力容器结构图；Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明一种实施例的试验台床身结构图；Fig. 3 is a test bench bed structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明一种实施例的模拟叶片的实验板结构图；Fig. 4 is the experimental board structural diagram of the simulation blade of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明一种实施例的实验板支座及滑块结构图；Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a test board support and a slide block of an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明一种实施例的L/D=4,r/D=1.2时柔性板表面压力和气流压力互谱图；Fig. 6 is a cross-spectrum diagram of flexible board surface pressure and airflow pressure when L/D=4, r/D=1.2 of an embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明一种实施例采用叶片非同步振动模拟实验台确定气流速度的方法流程图。Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a method for determining airflow velocity using a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明一种实施例做进一步说明。An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1所示，一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台，包括压力容器1、喷射筒3、压力传感器支座4、实验板支座5、激振器6、试验台床身7和平台支座9，其中，压力容器1通过连接管路2连接喷射筒3，所述的喷射筒3设置于试验台床身7的一端，试验台床身7的另一端设置有激振器6；在所述的激振器6与喷射筒3之间设置有实验板支座5，在所述的实验板支座5与喷射筒3之间设置有压力传感器支座4；所述的试验台床身7下端设置有通过隔振块8和平台支座9，试验台床身7通过隔振块8连接平台支座9。所述的试验台床身7上设置有滑道，通过移动与滑道相对应的滑块10，实现调整喷射筒3与实验板支座5之间的距离。所述的连接管路2上设置有压力阀。As shown in Figure 1, a blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench includes apressure vessel 1, aspray tube 3, a pressure sensor support 4, atest board support 5, avibrator 6, atest bed bed 7 and a platform support.Seat 9, wherein thepressure vessel 1 is connected to thespray cylinder 3 through the connectingpipeline 2, and thespray cylinder 3 is arranged on one end of thetest bench bed 7, and the other end of thetest bench bed 7 is provided with avibrator 6; Atest plate support 5 is arranged between the describedvibrator 6 and thespray tube 3, and a pressure sensor support 4 is arranged between the describedtest plate support 5 and thespray tube 3; the test bed The lower end of thebody 7 is provided with avibration isolation block 8 and aplatform support 9, and thetest bed bed 7 is connected to theplatform support 9 through thevibration isolation block 8. Thetest bed bed 7 is provided with a slideway, and the distance between thespray cylinder 3 and thetest board support 5 can be adjusted by moving theslide block 10 corresponding to the slideway. The connectingpipeline 2 is provided with a pressure valve.

本发明实施例中，如图2所示，压力容器1用于储存高压空气，可以提供高速喷射气流，并持续足够长的时间。在压力容器1出口管道上安装有稳压阀，通过调节压力，得到不同马赫数的稳定喷射气流。压力容器1通过空气压缩机得到足够压力的气体，在压力容器1工作过程中，如果压力容器1中压力不够，空气压缩机可以随时进行补充。In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , thepressure vessel 1 is used to store high-pressure air, which can provide high-speed jet airflow for a long enough time. A pressure stabilizing valve is installed on the outlet pipe of thepressure vessel 1, and by adjusting the pressure, stable jet streams with different Mach numbers can be obtained. Thepressure vessel 1 obtains gas with sufficient pressure through the air compressor. During the working process of thepressure vessel 1, if the pressure in thepressure vessel 1 is not enough, the air compressor can be supplemented at any time.

如图3所示，试验台床身7用来支撑试验的主体部分，试验台床身设置有滑道，通过螺栓连接来进行滑块10在床身上的移动和定位，从而可以调节实验板和射流之间的距离，其中滑道11处安装实验板支座5及滑块10，滑道12出安装喷射筒，为了加工方便，床身采用钢板焊接而成。As shown in Figure 3, thetest bed bed 7 is used to support the main part of the test. The test bed bed is provided with a slideway, and the movement and positioning of theslide block 10 on the bed body are carried out through bolt connection, so that the test board and the test bed can be adjusted. The distance between the jets, wherein theslideway 11 is installed with thetest board support 5 and theslide block 10, and theslideway 12 is installed with the spray cylinder. For the convenience of processing, the bed is welded by steel plates.

如图4所示，本发明实施例中采用柔性板和刚性板来模拟轴流式压气机叶片。As shown in FIG. 4 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a flexible plate and a rigid plate are used to simulate an axial flow compressor blade.

柔性板由低碳钢制成，圆板的周围被固定起来，板上开有M5的螺纹孔13，用来安装压力传感器，测量板表面不同位置的压力波动。当其它圆孔不用时，用螺钉将其堵上。本发明实施例设置的喷射筒3喷嘴直径D=63.5mm，图中，实验板上的孔距离圆心距离为r，r/D的值有1.0，1.1，1.2，1.3，1.4，1.5，1.6，1.7。在实验板被压力容器气流冲击的另一侧安装加速度传感器，所述加速度传感器采用B&K 4508B型号，并安装在实验板被气流冲击的另一侧，靠近圆心的位置上，用双面胶粘贴即可。The flexible plate is made of low-carbon steel, and the periphery of the circular plate is fixed. There are M5 threadedholes 13 on the plate, which are used to install pressure sensors and measure pressure fluctuations at different positions on the surface of the plate. When other circular holes are not used, they are blocked with screws. Thespray tube 3 nozzle diameter D=63.5mm that the embodiment of the present invention is provided with, among the figure, the distance between the hole on the test board and the center of circle is r, the value of r/D has 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7. Install an acceleration sensor on the other side of the test board impacted by the airflow of the pressure vessel. The acceleration sensor adopts the B&K 4508B model, and is installed on the other side of the experimental board impacted by the airflow, near the center of the circle, and pasted with double-sided tape That's it.

实验板采用刚性板时，在刚性板的1＜r/D＜1.5处（D是喷射筒喷嘴的直径，即喷射气流的直径；r是实验板上放置压力传感器的螺纹孔圆心与实验板圆心的距离），可观察到压力波动。在板的中心，即停滞点（r/D=0），没有压力波动。即这个显著放大的压力失稳就是导致叶片疲劳损坏的重要因素。通过安装在喷射筒前的压力传感器和安装在实验板上的压力传感器，分别采集到了喷射气流的压力和实验板上的压力，通过计算机辅助软件的分析，可以看到在某一频率和风速下（所述的风速可通过事先建立的风速与压力阀转角刻度对应关系估算出），产生的较大的压力波动。When the experimental board adopts a rigid board, at 1<r/D<1.5 of the rigid board (D is the diameter of the nozzle of the spray tube, that is, the diameter of the jet stream; r is the center of the threaded hole where the pressure sensor is placed on the experimental board and the center of the experimental board. distance), pressure fluctuations can be observed. At the center of the plate, the stagnation point (r/D=0), there are no pressure fluctuations. That is to say, this significantly enlarged pressure instability is an important factor leading to blade fatigue damage. Through the pressure sensor installed in front of the spray cylinder and the pressure sensor installed on the test board, the pressure of the jet airflow and the pressure on the test board were respectively collected. Through the analysis of computer-aided software, it can be seen that at a certain frequency and wind speed (The wind speed mentioned above can be estimated by the corresponding relationship between the wind speed and the pressure valve rotation angle scale established in advance), resulting in large pressure fluctuations.

如图5所示，图中实验板支座5上安装实验板，滑块10上安装激振器；实验板支座5下部通过螺栓和滑块10相连接，可实现调节实验板到喷射筒3之间的距离，从而满足试验的要求。As shown in Figure 5, the test board is installed on thetest board support 5 in the figure, and the vibration exciter is installed on theslider 10; the lower part of thetest board support 5 is connected with theslider 10 through bolts, which can realize the adjustment of the test board to thespray tube 3 to meet the requirements of the test.

本发明实施例中，通过放置在喷射筒喷嘴前的压力传感器来采集喷射气流的压力数据，通过安装在实验板上的压力传感器来采集实验板上的压力数据。压力传感器采用科莱特XTEL-190（M）型小体积坚固型高温压力传感器，它可以用来测量实验板表面的压力波动，螺纹安装，便于测量。振动测试系统采用B&K 3560-D数据采集系统，加速度传感器用来收集实验板变形量信号，测量实验板的振动。In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure data of the jet airflow is collected through the pressure sensor placed in front of the nozzle of the spray cylinder, and the pressure data on the test board is collected through the pressure sensor installed on the test board. The pressure sensor adopts the Colette XTEL-190 (M) small-volume robust high-temperature pressure sensor, which can be used to measure the pressure fluctuation on the surface of the test board, and is threaded for easy measurement. The vibration test system adopts B&K 3560-D data acquisition system, and the acceleration sensor is used to collect the deformation signal of the experimental board and measure the vibration of the experimental board.

本发明实施例中喷射出的气流压力作为输入信号，实验板上的压力作为输出信号。通过计算机辅助软件，计算输出/输入，得到传递函数的值，通过输出的实验结果可以看到一个明显的波峰。这个波峰的横坐标就是实验板的激振频率，也就是当喷射气流的速度达到临界状态时，在这个激振频率下的反馈声波的波长正好与喷射筒与实验板之间的距离L相等。气流产生了共振，对实验板产生了一个明显增大的压力波动，即该速度的气流造成实验板的损坏。In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the jetted airflow is used as an input signal, and the pressure on the test board is used as an output signal. Through the computer-aided software, the output/input is calculated to obtain the value of the transfer function, and an obvious peak can be seen through the output experimental results. The abscissa of this peak is the excitation frequency of the test board, that is, when the speed of the jet airflow reaches a critical state, the wavelength of the feedback sound wave at this excitation frequency is just equal to the distance L between the jet cylinder and the test board. The airflow produced resonance, which produced a significantly increased pressure fluctuation on the experimental board, that is, the airflow at this speed caused damage to the experimental board.

如图6所示，为本发明实施例中的一组实验结果。本发明实施例中L/D=4，r/D=1.2，如图所示，在激振频率即实验板的固有频率1516Hz处，实验板的压力波动达到了最大值，认为产生了共振现象，且随着频率的增加，压力波动呈先大后小的现象，也就是这个明显的压力波动导致了叶片的疲劳损坏。As shown in FIG. 6 , it is a set of experimental results in the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, L/D=4, r/D=1.2, as shown in the figure, at the excitation frequency, that is, the natural frequency of the experimental board at 1516 Hz, the pressure fluctuation of the experimental board reaches the maximum value, and it is considered that resonance phenomenon occurs , and with the increase of the frequency, the pressure fluctuation is first large and then small, that is, this obvious pressure fluctuation leads to the fatigue damage of the blade.

采用叶片非同步振动模拟实验台确定气流速度的方法，如图7所示，包括以下步骤：The method for determining the airflow velocity using the blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench, as shown in Figure 7, includes the following steps:

步骤1、通过移动试验台床身上的滑块调节喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离，上述距离范围为1＜L/D＜7，其中，L为喷射筒与实验板之间的距离，D为喷射气流直径；Step 1. Adjust the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board support by moving the slider on the test bed, the distance range is 1<L/D<7, where L is the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board , D is the jet flow diameter;

步骤2、在实验板支座上安装用于模拟叶片的实验板；在压力传感器支座上安装压力传感器；在实验板的螺纹孔中安装压力传感器，并在实验板被压力容器气流冲击的另一侧安装加速度传感器，同时启动激振器为实验板提供固有频率；Step 2. Install the experimental board for simulating the blade on the experimental board support; install the pressure sensor on the pressure sensor support; install the pressure sensor in the threaded hole of the experimental board, and install the pressure sensor on the other side where the experimental board is impacted by the pressure vessel airflow Install the acceleration sensor on one side, and start the vibrator at the same time to provide the natural frequency for the experiment board;

本发明实施例中，加速度传感器采用B&K 4508B型号，并安装在实验板被气流冲击的另一侧，靠近圆心的位置上，用双面胶粘贴即可。In the embodiment of the present invention, the acceleration sensor adopts the B&K 4508B model, and is installed on the other side of the experimental board that is impacted by the airflow, near the center of the circle, and pasted with double-sided tape.

步骤3、开启连接管路上的压力阀，调节输出气流的压力，所述气流压力范围为1.5MPa～2.5MPa；Step 3, open the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline to adjust the pressure of the output air flow, the pressure range of the air flow is 1.5MPa-2.5MPa;

步骤4、通过压力传感器采集喷射气流的压力数据和实验板上的压力数据；通过实验板上的加速度传感器采集实验板上的变形量数据；Step 4, collect the pressure data of the jet airflow and the pressure data on the test board through the pressure sensor; collect the deformation data on the test board through the acceleration sensor on the test board;

在喷射筒与实验板之间的距离L与喷射气流直径D之比在L/D=4的条件下，在喷射气流速度核心区外，实验板上的压力波动产生了以速度c传播的声波。反射声波的频率与喷射速度成正比，而且也等于声音的速度与其波长的比。随着气流速度的增加，气流作用在实验板上的压力波产生反馈声波，当反馈声波长等于喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离时，在喷射筒喷嘴处产生速度和压力波动，使实验板的固有频率处产生一个波峰，实验板产生明显增大的压力波动，记录此时连接管路上的压力阀的转角刻度，并根据压力容器喷射气流速度与压力阀的转角刻度之间的关系，得出此时气流速度，该速度即为对叶片造成损伤的叶尖间隙流速度，在工业实际中，通过调节轴流式压气机的转速，可避开这个转速区段，即可避开该速度的叶尖间隙流，解决了非同步振动导致叶片的寿命降低的问题。Under the condition that the ratio of the distance L between the jet tube and the test plate to the diameter D of the jet flow is L/D=4, the pressure fluctuation on the test plate produces a sound wave propagating at a speed c outside the core area of the jet flow velocity . The frequency of the reflected sound waves is proportional to the jet velocity and is also equal to the ratio of the speed of sound to its wavelength. With the increase of the air velocity, the pressure wave acting on the test plate by the air flow will generate a feedback sound wave. When the wavelength of the feedback sound is equal to the distance between the spray cylinder and the support of the test plate, the velocity and pressure fluctuations will be generated at the nozzle of the spray cylinder, so that A peak is generated at the natural frequency of the experimental board, and the experimental board produces a significantly increased pressure fluctuation. Record the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline at this time, and according to the relationship between the jet flow velocity of the pressure vessel and the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve , to obtain the airflow velocity at this time, which is the tip clearance flow velocity that causes damage to the blade. In industrial practice, by adjusting the rotational speed of the axial flow compressor, this rotational speed range can be avoided, that is, The blade tip clearance flow at this speed solves the problem that the lifetime of the blade is reduced due to asynchronous vibration.

Claims (4)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种叶片非同步振动模拟实验台，其特征在于：包括压力容器（1）、喷射筒（3）、压力传感器支座（4）、实验板支座（5）、激振器（6）、试验台床身（7）和平台支座（9），其中，压力容器（1）通过连接管路（2）连接喷射筒（3），所述的喷射筒（3）设置于试验台床身（7）的一端，试验台床身（7）的另一端设置有激振器（6）；在所述的激振器（6）与喷射筒（3）之间设置有实验板支座（5），在所述的实验板支座（5）与喷射筒（3）之间设置有压力传感器支座（4）；所述的试验台床身（7）下端设置有通过隔振块（8）和平台支座（9），试验台床身（7）通过隔振块（8）连接平台支座（9）。1. A blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench, characterized in that it includes a pressure vessel (1), a spray cylinder (3), a pressure sensor support (4), an experimental plate support (5), a vibrator (6 ), the test bench bed (7) and the platform support (9), wherein the pressure vessel (1) is connected to the spray cylinder (3) through the connecting pipeline (2), and the spray cylinder (3) is set on the test bench One end of the bed (7) and the other end of the test bench bed (7) are provided with an exciter (6); between the above-mentioned exciter (6) and the spray tube (3) there is an experimental board support seat (5), a pressure sensor support (4) is provided between the test plate support (5) and the spray cylinder (3); the lower end of the test bed bed (7) is provided with a vibration isolation block (8) and platform support (9), and the test bed bed (7) is connected to the platform support (9) through the vibration isolation block (8).2.根据权利要求1所述的叶片非同步振动模拟实验台，其特征在于：所述的试验台床身（7）上设置有滑道，通过移动与滑道相对应的滑块（10），实现调整喷射筒（3）与实验板支座（5）之间的距离。2. The blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test bench bed (7) is provided with a slideway, by moving the slider (10) corresponding to the slideway , to adjust the distance between the spray cylinder (3) and the test plate support (5).3.根据权利要求1所述的叶片非同步振动模拟实验台，其特征在于：所述的连接管路（2）上设置有压力阀。3. The blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: said connecting pipeline (2) is provided with a pressure valve.4.采用权利要求1所述的叶片非同步振动模拟实验台确定气流速度的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：4. adopt the method for determining airflow velocity by the blade asynchronous vibration simulation test bench claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:步骤1、通过移动试验台床身上的滑块调节喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离，上述距离范围为1＜L/D＜7，其中，L为喷射筒与实验板之间的距离，D为喷射气流半径；Step 1. Adjust the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board support by moving the slider on the test bed, the distance range is 1<L/D<7, where L is the distance between the spray cylinder and the test board , D is the radius of jet stream;步骤2、在实验板支座上安装用于模拟叶片的实验板；在压力传感器支座上安装压力传感器；在实验板的螺纹孔中安装压力传感器，并在实验板被压力容器气流冲击的另一侧安装加速度传感器，同时启动激振器为实验板提供固有频率；Step 2. Install the experimental board for simulating the blade on the experimental board support; install the pressure sensor on the pressure sensor support; install the pressure sensor in the threaded hole of the experimental board, and install the pressure sensor on the other side where the experimental board is impacted by the pressure vessel airflow Install the acceleration sensor on one side, and start the vibrator at the same time to provide the natural frequency for the experiment board;步骤3、开启连接管路上的压力阀，调节输出气流的压力，所述气流压力范围为1.5MPa～2.5MPa；Step 3, open the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline to adjust the pressure of the output air flow, the pressure range of the air flow is 1.5MPa～2.5MPa;步骤4、通过压力传感器采集喷射气流的压力数据和实验板上的压力数据；通过实验板上的加速度传感器采集实验板上的变形量数据；Step 4, collect the pressure data of the jet airflow and the pressure data on the test board through the pressure sensor; collect the deformation data on the test board through the acceleration sensor on the test board;随着气流速度的增加，气流作用在实验板上的压力波产生反馈声波，当反馈声波长等于喷射筒与实验板支座之间的距离时，在喷射筒喷嘴处产生速度和压力波动，使实验板的固有频率处产生一个波峰，实验板产生明显增大的压力波动，记录此时连接管路上的压力阀的转角刻度，并根据压力容器喷射气流速度与压力阀的转角刻度之间的关系，得出此时气流速度。With the increase of the air velocity, the pressure wave acting on the test plate by the air flow will generate a feedback sound wave. When the wavelength of the feedback sound is equal to the distance between the spray cylinder and the support of the test plate, the velocity and pressure fluctuations will be generated at the nozzle of the spray cylinder, so that A peak is generated at the natural frequency of the experimental board, and the experimental board produces a significantly increased pressure fluctuation. Record the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve on the connecting pipeline at this time, and according to the relationship between the jet flow velocity of the pressure vessel and the rotation angle scale of the pressure valve , to obtain the air velocity at this time.

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