CN102889649A - Air-conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-conditioner which comprises a shell, a refrigerating system comprising a compressor, an evaporator, a capillary tube, a condenser and a four-way valve, and an electrical control system, wherein a storage battery is used to provide direct current power supply to the air-conditioner; an evaporation chamber is arranged on the upper part of the shell; a condensation chamber is arranged on the lower part of the shell; the evaporator is arranged in the evaporation chamber; the condenser and the compressor are arranged in the condensation chamber; an evaporation fan is arranged in the evaporation chamber; a condensation fan is arranged in the condensation chamber; the evaporation fan is a cross-flow fan; and the condensation fan is an axial-flow fan. The air-conditioner is an integral type air conditioner with compact structure and convenience in mounting, and has the great advantages of cost and difficulty in leakage compared with a detachable air conditioner. The power is provided by the storage battery; the operation of the compressor is not limited by an engine of a crane or does not influence lifting work of the engine or interfere a hydraulic system of the crane, so that the crane works stably. The operation of the air-conditioner does not rely on a power source of a special vehicle, so that the power consumption of the air-conditioner of the special vehicle is greatly lowered, and therefore, the air-conditioner is rational in design and low in carbon and saves energy.

Description

A kind of air-conditioner

Technical field

The present invention relates to the apparatus of air conditioning, more particularly, relate to a kind of air-conditioner that in special purpose vehicle, ship, uses.

Background technology

Autocrane is a kind of crane that is contained on general-utility car chassis or the cars chassis, to belong to special car, its travel driver's cabin and lifting control cabinl pulpit divide and are arranged, comfortable working environment is the guarantee of high-efficient homework, therefore, travel driver's cabin and lifting control cabinl pulpit at autocrane all need configure air-conditioner, the air-conditioning of existing lifting control cabinl pulpit is divided into two classes, one class is hydraulic power drive-type split-type air conditioner, its shortcoming causes the system pressure fluctuation when being operation of air conditioner, affect crane work stationarity.As with air-conditioning and when the rotation oil, in the time of will causing band to carry revolution revolution not steady, install simultaneously and keep in repair complexity.Another kind of is that DC powered is decided frequency division body air-conditioning, this air-conditioning electric power is provided by engine-driven TRT, the shortcoming of such air-conditioning is that power consumption is large, cause the electric wiring loaded current large, electric wiring and centre revolving joint slip ring easily damage, moreover the high frequent start and stop, and starting current is large, fragile TRT.Above two class air-conditionings are split-type air conditioner, indoor set and off-premises station link to transmit cold-producing medium with connecting line, because autocrane often vibrates in the process of driving and a retry and jolts, especially the lifting control cabinl pulpit is when the revolution operation, easily cause the faults such as tube connector fracture and junction get loose, cause refrigrant leakage.

On the other hand, on transport by sea the tourism of industry or yacht, caravan, all need air-conditioning to finish the adjusting of room on the ship (or in caravan) air, provide comfortable environment to people, mostly above-mentioned air-conditioning is that split type fixed frequency air conditioner, air-conditioning electric power are provided by engine-driven TRT at present, the shortcoming that such air-conditioning ubiquity huge structure is complicated, starting current is large.

Summary of the invention

To drive special purpose vehicle job insecurity, energy resource consumption that compressor of air conditioner brought with the power of engine or hydraulic system large in order to solve the special purpose vehicle such as existing autocrane, the employed air-conditioner of ship for the object of the invention, and condensation pipe of air conditioner road fracture and the fault that the gets loose problem that often occurs, be difficult to overcome, provide a kind of electrically driven (operated), high-efficiency environment friendly, package AC plant, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of air-conditioner, comprise shell, and by the refrigeration system that compressor, evaporimeter, capillary, condenser, cross valve form, electric control system provides dc source by battery to air-conditioner; The top of described shell is provided with vaporization chamber, and the bottom of shell is provided with condensation chamber, and described evaporimeter is arranged in the vaporization chamber, and described condenser and compressor are arranged in the condensation chamber; In the described vaporization chamber evaporation fan is set, in the described condensation chamber condensation fan is set, described evaporation fan is cross flow fan, and described condensation fan is axial flow blower.

Preferably, described battery connects generator, and described generator is driven by automobile engine.

Preferably, in described condensation chamber, described compressor is arranged on left side or the right side of condenser, and described condensation fan is at front side or the rear side of condenser, and described condensation fan is external rotor axial-flow fan.

Preferably; described compressor is DC frequency-changeable compressor; described electric control system comprises input module, master control borad, power board, frequency conversion drive plate and load circuit; described power board comprises direct current transducer and control function protection circuit; described frequency conversion drive plate includes inverter circuit, detects position detecting circuit, the power model of compressor drum position; wherein, described position detecting circuit is connected master control borad with power model.Power board is realized by the conversion of low-voltage DC to high voltage direct current, and is provided safety protection function control to electric current and voltage and whole electrical system.

Preferably; described compressor is the AC frequency conversion compressor; described electric control system comprises input module, master control borad, power board, frequency conversion drive plate and load circuit; described power board comprises direct current transducer and control function protection circuit, and described frequency conversion drive plate comprises drive IC, IPM power model and peripheral control circuit.Power board is realized by the conversion of low-voltage DC to high voltage direct current, and is provided safety protection function control to electric current and voltage and whole electrical system.

Preferably, described compressor is invariable frequency compressor, described electric control system comprises input module, function control panel, power board, soft starting plate and load circuit, and described soft starting plate comprises controllable silicon and silicon controlled control circuit, and described controllable silicon is electrically connected with the motor stator of compressor.

Preferably, between described vaporization chamber and condensation chamber, be provided with electric panel room.

Preferably, have above the air conditioner casing front panel vaporization chamber air outlet, below have the condensation chamber inlet scoop.

Preferably, plate has the condensation chamber exhaust outlet behind air conditioner casing, and described exhaust outlet is provided with the airduct of outward air draft.

Preferably, described cover top portion is provided with the vaporization chamber return air inlet.

Preferably, described condensation fan is the inner rotor shaft flow fan.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:

1. air-conditioner of the present invention adopts electrically driven (operated) mode, powered to air-conditioner by battery, the running of compressor is not subjected to the restriction of crane engine not affect the engine slinging work yet, crane hydraulic system is not disturbed, making crane work steady, is the air-conditioner of a reasonable in design, low-carbon energy-saving.

2. air-conditioner of the present invention is integral air conditioner, and compact conformation is easy for installation, than detachable air conditioner have huge cost advantage and antileakaging advantage.

3. air-conditioner of the present invention can adopt the control mode of multiple compressor, comprise DC frequency converting air-conditioner compressor, AC inverter compressors or invariable frequency compressor, frequency-changeable compressor can be avoided the intermittently consumption of the larger electric weight that brings of start and stop of compressor, make it be in continuous operating condition, energy-conserving and environment-protective, operating mode is stable.And the frequency-changeable compressor low-frequency start, starting current is little, and is little to the generated output power requirement, is conducive to protect TRT.And invariable frequency compressor is after adding soft start control, its starting current is by little cumulative, can overcome large with the invariable frequency compressor starting current of soft start, as to affect electrical network and other electrical equipment working life defective, simultaneously, adopt soft start control and invariable frequency compressor air-conditioner to have the advantage that cost is low, control system is mature and stable concurrently.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is air conditioner structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the casing structure schematic diagram of air-conditioner of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the back structures schematic diagram of air-conditioner shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the air-conditioner electric control principle block diagram that the present invention adopts frequency-changeable compressor;

Fig. 5 is the air-conditioner electric control principle block diagram that the present invention adopts the invariable frequency compressor of soft start control;

Fig. 6 is the air-conditioner circuit diagram that the present invention adopts the invariable frequency compressor of soft start control.

In the accompanying drawing, each label represents:

1 vaporization chamber, 2 electric panel rooms, 3 condensation chambers

4 DC frequency-changeable compressors, 5 frequency conversion drive plates, 6 batteries, 7 power boards

8 master control borads, 9 input modules, 10 radiator fans

11 vaporization chamber return air inlets, 12 vaporization chamber air outlets, 13 evaporation fans

31 condensation chamber inlet scoops, 32 condensation chamber exhaust outlets, 33 condensation fans, 34 flanges

61 invariable frequency compressors, 62 soft starting plates, 63 power boards

65 batteries, 66 function control panels, 67 input modules

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

Air-conditioner of the present invention is the direct current varied-frequency air conditioner of integral type, and the refrigerating capacity of air-conditioner and heating capacity change with the variation of operating frequency.Air-conditioner of the present invention provides dc supply by battery, and be 5 hours design work running time of battery, operating voltage DC24V, generator power＞1000W.Referring to Fig. 1, the high 1031mm of special purpose vehicle air-conditioner, wide 744mm, thick 230mm, housing is divided into three large intervals with dividing plate, is respectively vaporization chamber 1,electric panel room 2, condensation chamber 3.Evaporimeter,evaporation fan 13 are set in vaporization chamber, and what place in electric panel room is the electric components such as master control borad 8, power board 7, frequency conversion drive plate 5.What arrange in condensation chamber is compressor, condenser, condensation fan 33.Capillary or other restricting element couple together condenser and evaporimeter, and the other end of the evaporimeter in vaporization chamber is connected with compressor in the condensation chamber by refrigeration piping.The present invention is combined into one existing indoor apparatus of air conditioner and off-premises station, the layout type of evaporation, lower condensation in the employing, because each critical piece topology layout of refrigeration system is compact, evaporimeter and condenser unification are fixed on the air conditioner casing, can reduce the impact of vibration, thoroughly solve present crane air-conditioner refrigeration piping easy fracture causes refrigrant leakage with getting loose hard nut to crack.

Air-conditioner of the present invention is installed in the behind of the driver's seat of getting on the bus of crane, in the place of distance lazyback 50mm, according to the position of the base plate of air conditioner screw hole through hole that to drill through four diameters on the floor of getting on the bus be 10mm air-conditioner is fixed on the floor.The front of air-conditioner vaporization chamber 1 is provided with vaporization chamberreturn air inlet 11, and the top of air-conditioner is provided with the vaporizationchamber air outlet 12 of the room air of getting on the bus, andevaporation fan 13 is axial-flow fans.See Fig. 2, zone at air conditioner casing back condensation chamber is provided with condensation chamber exhaust outlet 32, discharge out of my cabin by airduct, get on the bus behind by the macropore of a diameter 200mm of wall displacement brill at air-conditioner, correspondence position bores the aperture of 4 diameter 7mm on every side, and the flange 34 usefulness securing members of standard configuration are fixing on the wall, and an end of airduct connects condensation chamber exhaust outlet 32, the other end connects gets on the bus by the flange 34 of wall, is convenient to air-out.And condensationchamber inlet scoop 31 is located at the outer casing frontispiece of air-conditioner, is positioned at the lower zone of driver's seat.The about floor of the 20mm through hole that to bore some row's diameters be 10mm in distance front panel of air-conditioner condensation air inlet dead ahead, pitch of holes is 5mm, 18-20 through hole of every row, this through hole is the auxiliary fresh air inlet of condensating wind, car outer air air in car enters condensation storehouse and condenser heat-shift from the condensation air inlet, enough air quantity can make the heat exchange amount increase, and are convenient to the lifting of equipment refrigeration (heating) ability.Back is very little by the distance between wall and the driver's seat owing to getting on the bus, the width design of air-conditioner can not be greater than 210mm, consideration based on versatility, Air conditioner design width of the present invention is 203mm, such width design is for present family expenses, commercial, special air-conditioning units, inaccessible, at present, the complete machine width of Integral moveable air conditioner is all about 400mm, the many employings of its condensation fan are centrifugal or tubular, the structural limitations in blower fan and air channel the general structure of condensation chamber, the axial width of blower fan is rarely less than 100mm's, the space that takies is large, adds the thickness of condensing heat exchanger, even also to consider to add take up room (such as the structure of mobile air conditioner) of compressor.The present invention is in order to design a extra-thin air-conditioner, on the structure of condensation chamber, be distributed in the condensation chamber about condenser and compressor, the place ahead or rear at condenser arrange extra-thin condensation fan 33---external rotor axial-flow fan, the axial dimension of fan electromotor is reduced, thereby the axial width of condensation chamber is reduced.The structure of ultrathin external rotor axial-flow fan mainly comprises aial flow impeller and outer rotor motor, wherein the wheel hub of impeller is fixed as one with outer rotor is coaxial, so that the axial width of draught fan impeller is overlapping with the thickness of motor, thereby shortened the axial width of axial flow blower, also so that slim-type air conditioner be achieved.

Condensation fan is based on external rotor axial-flow fan that the space size of heat exchange blower fan designs, because the cost of inner rotor shaft flow fan is lower than the cost of external rotor axial-flow fan, in order to save the air-conditioning cost, as the mode that another kind is implemented, air-conditioner of the present invention uses the inner rotor shaft flow fan as condensation fan.Air inlet is close in the inboard that condenser is arranged on condensation chamber, the inner rotor shaft flow fan just is being placed on the condensation chamber exhaust outlet, and the design of the fin width of condenser considers that the width (203mm) of air-conditioner and the working space of inner rotor shaft flow fan need.

The on-board air conditioner that uses on the present car adopts the surely electrical control pattern of frequency of direct current more, utilize the battery conduct on the automobile that dc source is provided, but, invariable frequency compressor frequent start-stop, starting current are large, fragile generator, and cause easily that the electric wiring loaded current is large, electric wiring and centre revolving joint slip ring easily damage.Therefore, the present invention adopts the deficiency that the DC frequency-changing control model exists to solve the direct current fixed frequency air conditioner.Referring to Fig. 3, air-conditioner of the present invention adopts frequency-changeable compressor 4, and the operating voltage of 24V is provided to master control borad 8 and DC24-DC240 power board 7 by battery 6, and power board 7 also provides 15V voltage for 5 work of frequency conversion drive plate.Frequencyconversion drive plate 5, master control borad 8 are connected with the communication of RS485 agreement with power board 7, and power board 7 is 240V by booster circuit with the 24V DC boosting, and provides power supply to the radiator fan 10 of system.Air-conditioner condensation fan 33,evaporation wind turbine 13 are driven by master control borad 8, input module 9 is connected with master control borad 8 communications, master control borad 8 reads Communication Control signal, on off control signal, control model signal, Temperature Setting and Real-time Collection signal, current and voltage signals etc., and then generates condensation fan 33 (external rotor axial-flow fan), evaporation fan 13 (cross flow fan), and compressor variable frequency control signal and data are exported.What the present invention adopted is DC frequency-changeable compressor, therefore, comprises on the frequency conversion drive plate 5: inversion control module, IPM power model, position detecting circuit.The inversion control module is the three-phase input end that three-phase alternating current is electrically connected compressor by the IPM control circuit with the inversion of 240V high voltage direct current, and the phase current feedback that position detecting circuit detects DC frequency-changeable compressor is calculated to drive IC and tried to achieve current compressor drum position and control the IPM power model.Battery is as the work energy of air-conditioner, the driving of the engine by crane is recharged, its principle is identical with charge in batteries principle on the car, crane was driven a vehicle the process in place of working from the departure place, engine was to battery 6 chargings, and accumulator capacity is 150AH, after being full of electricity, if engine stop charging, battery 6 can guarantee the air-conditioning work time and about 5 hours, can satisfy the needs of general job.

Air-conditioner of the present invention adopts DC Frequency Conversion Technology, adjusts the ability of refrigeration by the rotating speed of regulating compressor, can keep vehicle interior temperature steady, makes human body sensory comfortable, and frequency changer is at low-frequency operation, and efficiency is very high, reaches energy-efficient effect.

Embodiment two

Package AC plant of the present invention, its compressor can adopt AC inverter compressors, and compressor is in continuous operating condition, adjusts the ability of refrigeration by the rotating speed of regulating compressor, the electric quantity consumption that can avoid compressor start and stop at intermittence to bring.When adopting AC frequency conversion control, the compressor control electric circuit comprises main drive IC, IPM power model and peripheral control circuit.Main drive IC is arranged in the electric panel room of air-conditioner, and its main function is to finish various computings, produces the SPWM waveform, realizes the control of compressor V/F curve and various protections etc. are provided.IPM power model and peripheral control circuit thereof are controlled the operation of AC frequency conversion compressor in order to finish high voltage direct current to the inversion process of alternating current with this.

Embodiment three

Package AC plant of the present invention, its compressor can adopt the fixed frequency air conditioner compressor, adds simultaneously soft start control.Referring to Fig. 5, the electric control system of air-conditioning is byfunction control panel 66,power board 63,soft starting plate 62 and theinput module 67 that is electrically connected with above-mentioned each control panel, evaporation fan, condensation fan,invariable frequency compressor 61 even load unit.Function control panel 66 is connected withpower board 63 communications, andbattery 65 provides the 24V power supply to power board, and power board is converted to the 220V alternating current by inversion step-up circuit with the 24V direct current, exports on the invariable frequency compressor 61.Referring to Fig. 6, soft starting plate is to adopt controllable silicon N2 as pressure regulator, with control electric motor starting between its access power supply and the motor stator.When using soft starting plate to start compressor, the silicon controlled angle of flow increases gradually, and output voltage increases gradually, and compressor electric motor accelerates gradually, until the full conducting of controllable silicon, machine operation is in rated voltage.When treating that motor reaches rated speed, start-up course finishes, and soft start replaces the controllable silicon of having finished the work from employing relay K 1 conducting, provides rated voltage for compressor runs well.

Claims (11)

1. an air-conditioner comprises shell, and by the refrigeration system that compressor, evaporimeter, capillary, condenser, cross valve form, electric control system is characterized in that: provide dc source by battery to air-conditioner; The top of described shell is provided with vaporization chamber, and the bottom of shell is provided with condensation chamber, and described evaporimeter is arranged in the vaporization chamber, and described condenser and compressor are arranged in the condensation chamber; In the described vaporization chamber evaporation fan is set, in the described condensation chamber condensation fan is set, described evaporation fan is cross flow fan, and described condensation fan is axial flow blower.

2. air-conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described battery connects generator, and described generator is driven by automobile engine.

3. air-conditioner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described condensation chamber, described compressor is arranged on left side or the right side of condenser, and described condensation fan is at front side or the rear side of condenser, and described condensation fan is external rotor axial-flow fan.

4. air-conditioner according to claim 2; it is characterized in that: described compressor is DC frequency-changeable compressor; described electric control system comprises input module, master control borad, power board, frequency conversion drive plate and load circuit; described power board comprises direct current transducer and control function protection circuit; described frequency conversion drive plate includes inverter circuit, detects position detecting circuit, the power model of compressor drum position; wherein, described position detecting circuit is connected master control borad with power model.

5. air-conditioner according to claim 2; it is characterized in that: described compressor is the AC frequency conversion compressor; described electric control system comprises input module, master control borad, power board, frequency conversion drive plate and load circuit; described power board comprises direct current transducer and control function protection circuit, and described frequency conversion drive plate comprises drive IC, IPM power model and peripheral control circuit.

6. air-conditioner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described compressor is invariable frequency compressor, described electric control system comprises input module, function control panel, power board, soft starting plate and load circuit, described soft starting plate comprises controllable silicon and silicon controlled control circuit, and described controllable silicon is electrically connected with the motor stator of compressor.

7. it is characterized in that: between described vaporization chamber and condensation chamber, be provided with electric panel room according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described air-conditioners.

8. air-conditioner according to claim 7 is characterized in that: have above the air conditioner casing front panel vaporization chamber air outlet, below have the condensation chamber inlet scoop.

9. air-conditioner according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: plate has the condensation chamber exhaust outlet behind air conditioner casing, and described exhaust outlet is provided with the airduct of outward air draft.

10. air-conditioner according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described cover top portion is provided with the vaporization chamber return air inlet.

11. air-conditioner according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described condensation fan is the inner rotor shaft flow fan.

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