CN102846382A - Minimally-invasive drilling and positioning tool for treating neural canal expansion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a minimally-invasive drilling and positioning tool for treating neural canal expansion. The minimally-invasive drilling and positioning tool comprises a drill rod, a sleeve rod in sliding connection with the drill rod in a sleeved mode, a positioning screw sleeve in threaded connection with the sleeve rod in a sleeved mode and a fixing sleeve matched with the positioning screw sleeve. the drill rod is provided with a through hole along the axial direction, a drill head of the drill rod extends out of the sleeve rod, the length of the sleeve rod is larger than those of the positioning screw sleeve and the fixing sleeve, and the sleeve rod extends out of side walls of the positioning screw sleeve and the fixing sleeve to be provided with an opening. The tool is applied to new minimally-invasive dilatation of neural canal stenosis and used for cutting off, prolonging and further fixing a pedicle of a vertebral arch. A hole with the diameter of about 5mm is drilled at the patient position by applying the tool, bones are effectively isolated in drilling so that secondary trauma of human body soft tissues is avoided, and the sleeve rod, the positioning screw sleeve and the fixing sleeve are reserved and used for being effectively matched with follow-up tools in work. The wound surface of the patient is small, and minimal invasive surgery is achieved. A convalescent stage of the patient after surgery is shortened greatly, and the surgery cost is low.

Description

A kind of vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft boring orientation tool

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of surgical operation medical apparatus and instruments, particularly a kind of vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft boring orientation tool for operation on vertebra.

Background technology

Spinal canal stenosis is one of middle-older patient common disease, and spinal canal stenosis is because hyperosteogeny occurs lumbar vertebra itself, causes canalis spinalis to diminish, and is expressed to the nerve that therefrom passes, cause patient's pain, waist can't bending, numbness of hands and feet, on foot limping etc.The spinal canal stenosis dilatation is one of main operation in the spinal surgery.Carrying out the vertebral canal expansion art need to finish with the operation tool of specialty.

The spinal canal stenosis dilatation is open operation at present, needs to open one length at the edge of a knife more than 10 centimetres at the patient back, then vertebra is cut off, fixes.This open operation wound area is large, soft tissue injury, and the postoperative patient restore cycle is long, generally at 3 to 6 months.

Because the wound face of Minimally Invasive Surgery is little, the patient recovers soon, low cost and other advantages, has been present clinical operation development trend.And for the spinal canal stenosis dilatation, Wicresoftization also faces many difficult problems.So far also there are not to realize operation method and the corresponding Special surgical instrument of vertebral canal expansion Minimally Invasive Surgery.

Summary of the invention

In order to fill up the blank of present vertebral canal expansion operation Wicresoft operation tool, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft orientation tool of holing.Mutual socket by drilling rod, loop bar, positioning thread insert and fixed cover cooperates, not only drilling depth is controlled when making the boring of boring orientation tool, after finishing boring, drilling rod takes out and can not cause bore position to change, human body soft tissue and bone are effectively isolated, loop bar, positioning thread insert and fixed cover stay and the effective cooperating of subsequent tool in advance, it is easier not only to increase work efficiency, operate, and can make subsequent tool work the time human body not caused secondary insult for the effective location of boring.

A kind of vertebral canal expansion provided by the invention Wicresoft boring orientation tool, the loop bar that comprises drilling rod, is slidingly socketed with described drilling rod, the positioning thread insert that matches with described loop bar, described drilling rod has through hole vertically, the drill bit of described drilling rod stretches out described loop bar, the length of described loop bar is greater than the length of described positioning thread insert, and the sidewall that described loop bar stretches out described positioning thread insert has opening.

Preferably: also comprise the fixed cover that matches with described positioning thread insert, the length of described loop bar is greater than the length of described fixed cover, and described positioning thread insert and described loop bar screw thread are socketed.

Preferably: described fixed cover activity be placed in described positioning thread insert.

Preferably: described positioning thread insert comprises socket section and the section of being threaded, and the diameter of section of described socket section is less than the diameter of section of the section of being threaded and form step surface, and described fixed cover is placed in described socket section and relies on described step surface.

Preferably: the length of described fixed cover is more than or equal to the length of described socket section.

Preferably: described fixed cover activity be placed in described loop bar, and rely on described positioning thread insert.

Preferably: described loop bar is provided with card article.

Preferably: described drilling rod is provided with handle, and described handle is provided with buckle, and described card article has the bayonet socket that matches with described buckle, and described buckle engages with described bayonet socket with the rotation of described handle or throws off.

Preferably: be carved with graduation mark on the described loop bar, the measurement unit of described graduation mark be the millimeter or centimetre.

Preferably: be carved with alignment line on described loop bar and/or the card article, described alignment line and described opening are on the same straight line.

Preferably: the distance of the described fixed cover front end of described loop bar front end distance is 30～70mm, and described opening is positioned between this distance regions.

The beneficial effect that adopts boring orientation tool provided by the invention to bring is: (1) drilling rod and loop bar are slidingly socketed, the socket of loop bar and positioning thread insert screw thread, positioning thread insert again with the fixed cover pivot bush unit.Mutually the relation of socket is so that after the front portion of drilling rod and loop bar pierces human body and pedicle of vertebral arch bone, and positioning thread insert and fixed cover are stuck in the surface of pedicle of vertebral arch bone and effective isolation human body soft tissue (nerve, blood vessel etc.).After drilling rod took out, loop bar and positioning thread insert and fixed cover were together stayed patient's boring sites in curing.When subsequent tool enters loop bar and drives loop bar together during rotation operation, can rotate relative to fixed cover with the positioning thread insert integral body that loop bar is threaded, fixed cover plays effectively isolation between the instrument that rotates and human body soft tissue, avoid the secondary insult to human body soft tissue, hand steered when also being convenient to personnel operation.Stable support is provided.Simultaneously after subsequent tool enters loop bar, if when the position of operating mechanism need to be adjusted, can the rotational positioning swivel nut, drive loop bar and with the instrument of loop bar socket together the relative localization swivel nut move axially, adjust the operating position before and after coming with this.In addition, when carrying out screw expansion fixedly the time, fixed cover plays the effect of isolation screw and soft tissue, avoids screw to twist and cuts soft tissue.Also be fixedly providing support of screw.Prevent that screw from rocking when entering.(2) in another embodiment, fixed cover and loop bar socket-connect, and rely on positioning thread insert.This structure is comparatively speaking more simple, saves the annexation that fixed cover and positioning thread insert socket-connect.Hand steered effect when the stable support in the time of also can playing the subsequent tool replacing simultaneously and operation.(3) length of fixed cover equals the length of the section of socket, make fixed cover lean bone surface location after, can stop positioning thread insert and loop bar continue pierce, avoid drilling and cause wound.During for fear of positioning thread insert and loop bar rotation the friction of bone surface and the strand of bone periphery human body soft tissue are cut, the length of fixed cover is greater than the length of socket section, and when rotating, positioning thread insert and bone surface have certain distance, can not produce friction like this.(4) loop bar is provided with card article, be for subsequent tool in bayonet socket fasten.After the engaging, instrument can drive loop bar and together rotate, and realizes synchronous working, guarantees the concordance of work.(5) handle at drilling rod is provided with buckle, is provided with bayonet socket at the card article of loop bar, and when buckle engaged with bayonet socket, drilling rod and loop bar got final product synchronization action, and synchronicity is guaranteed during boring.Prevent the situation that drilling rod and loop bar position change in boring procedure.(6) at the loop bar line that graduates, can grasp the depth distance that drilling rod enters.Carve alignment line, and alignment line and opening being on the same straight line, is in order to provide benchmark to subsequent tool, so that the Bone-grinding mill structure in the subsequent tool, cutter, expanding mechanism etc. can be with on the position of opening be corresponding, in order to work from the opening part opening mechanism.(7) according to the different human body build, all ages and classes section, the bone size can be different, and the distance of loop bar front end and fixed cover front end is made as 30～70mm, and opening is positioned between this distance regions, and the people that can adapt to different builds, all ages and classes section holes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the hole overall structure figure of orientation tool of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that the hole parts of orientation tool of the present invention split sketch map;

Fig. 3 is the hole construction profile of orientation tool of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the hole snap-in structure sketch map of orientation tool drilling rod handle and loop bar card article of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is that the present invention holes in the orientation tool another structural representation of fixed cover and positioning thread insert.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.

The operation tool that this programme proposes is to be applied to new vertebral canal expansion Minimally Invasive Surgery, and patient's percutaneous has the boring about 5mm, and operation tool cuts off pedicle of vertebral arch in boring from inside to outside, and the pedicle of vertebral arch bone that cuts off is prolonged, and then fixing.By prolonging pedicle of vertebral arch, enlarge the canalis spinalis space.

Carry out Minimally Invasive Surgery, the size of boring is the space that instrument enters laggard line operate.Necessarily require instrument can in limited, the small space of boring, finish cut-out, prolongation, the again fixing operation of pedicle of vertebral arch bone.Therefore, compare open surgery, all operations all carries out external.Operator can't the direct observation operation carry out situation, and inner case.Therefore, supplementary structure and other structures such as scale, alignment line need to be set in instrument, the degree of depth that next effective control tool enters, the length that operating mechanism opens, distance etc.Also need in Minimally Invasive Surgery, verify the position of instrument in the pedicle of vertebral arch bone in real time by iconography equipment (such as X-ray, CT etc.) simultaneously, confirm.

When carrying out the vertebral canal expansion Minimally Invasive Surgery, at first need to hole, be subsequent tool a working place is provided, because the character of Minimally Invasive Surgery, wound area is very little, and the space of boring size is only arranged.When using the boring of boring orientation tool, the boring orientation tool is had strict demand, and the orientation tool of holing after the boring needs to separate, some parts will stay in advance with follow-up cutting tool, milling tools and expansion tool etc. and be used.Therefore, for after the boring, how structurally accomplishing to reserve parts can well be used most important with subsequent tool in the boring orientation tool.Such as not occurring the displacement of bore position in the process of how to accomplish diverter tool or cutting off the position deviation of locating between the bone, more stable during personnel operation, easy to operate etc.Describe in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment one: as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft boring orientation tool, comprise drilling rod 1, theloop bar 2 that is slidingly socketed with described drilling rod 1,positioning thread insert 3 with describedloop bar 2 screw threads socket, the fixed cover 4 that matches with describedpositioning thread insert 3, described drilling rod 1 has vertically place, through hole 11 axle center and opens the hole, the effect of through hole 11 is when changing subsequent tool, can make the location guide pin penetrate through hole, then take out drilling rod, the instrument that will change again afterwards penetrates from through hole, in the process of changing, the location guide pin plays positioning action with cooperating of through hole, and when making tool changing, the operating position is located constant all the time.

The drill bit 12 of described drilling rod 1 stretches out describedloop bar 2, and the length of describedloop bar 2 is greater than the length of describedpositioning thread insert 3 and fixed cover 4, and the sidewall that describedloop bar 2 stretches out describedpositioning thread insert 3 and fixed cover 4 has opening 21.The effect of opening 21 is to extend radially out, regain for the operating mechanism of follow-up other operation tools such as mill bone instrument, cutting tool, expansion tool.Describedpositioning thread insert 3 comprises socket section 31 and the section of being threaded 32, and the diameter of section of described socket section 31 is less than the diameter of section of the section of being threaded 32 and form step surface 33, and described fixed cover 4 is placed in described socket sections 31 and relies on described step surface 33.

Drilling rod 1 is placed in theloop bar 2, andloop bar 2 slides relatively, andloop bar 2 is placed in again positioning thread insert and is threaded with the section of being threaded 32 ofpositioning thread insert 3, and the socket section 31 ofpositioning thread insert 3 is placed in again in the fixed cover 4.Wherein drilling rod 1 andloop bar 2 together stretch out fixed cover 4 and positioningthread insert 3, and the drill bit 12 of drilling rod 1 stretches out againloop bar 2 and is convenient to bore bone.The position of opening 21 is located in the position of stretching out fixed cover 4 and positioning thread insert 3.When the bores are being drilled, boring orientation tool unitary rotation pierces human body soft tissue and pedicle of vertebral arch bone.Because the diameter of section of fixed cover 4 is greater than the diameter of section ofloop bar 2, afterloop bar 2 and drilling rod 1 pierce the bone certain distance, when the front end of fixed cover 4 leans bone surperficial, because the rear end of fixed cover 4 relies on step surface 33, advance thereby makepositioning thread insert 3 and theloop bar 2 that is threaded with it and drilling rod 1 together stop to continue boring.Make whole boring orientation tool can't continue again to stretch into boring, avoid drilling depth to grasp and cause boring excessively dark, drill bone, human body soft tissue is caused wound.After boring is finished, only take out drilling rod 1,reserve loop bar 2 and positioningthread insert 3 and fixed cover 4 at bore position, use matches with subsequent tool.Fixed cover 4 activities be placed in describedpositioning thread insert 3, when operation, personnel can hand steered fixed cover 4, instrumentdrives loop bar 2, positioning thread insert 3 rotates relative to fixed cover 4, the not only stability of raising operation, and fixed cover 4 plays the buffer action between bone and human body soft tissue, avoids when instrument rotates, strand is cut human body soft tissue, and human body soft tissue is caused secondary insult.The topmost effect of another one is to enter loop bar when subsequent tool, after loop bar is combined, if the operating position needs to adjust, the pedicle of vertebral arch place need to be adjusted in position such as the cutter in the cutting tool, then need rotational positioning swivel nut 5, driveloop bar 2 and together mobile in the axial direction with the instrument of its socket, by moving forward and backward to adjust the operating position.When the vertebral canal expansion Minimally Invasive Surgery carries out screw fixedly the time, fixed cover can prevent that also the screw strand from cutting soft tissue, simultaneously screw is played effect stable, that support, prevents from rocking when screw from entering the pedicle of vertebral arch bone effect that impact is threaded.

In operation is carried out, when finishing boring, need to by iconography equipment (X-ray, CT etc.), the position be detected, verify.

Positioningthread insert 3 is threaded withloop bar 2, can regulate by threads turn the relative distance ofpositioning thread insert 3 andloop bar 2, drivesloop bar 2 and moves forward and backward in the axial direction, and namelyloop bar 2 stretches out the distance ofpositioning thread insert 3 and fixed cover 4.This adjusting can be regulated according to the pedicle of vertebral arch of all ages and classes section, different size, also can be used for regulating the position of subsequent tool work.

Embodiment two: on the basis of above-described embodiment, the length of fixed cover 4 is identical with the length ofpositioning thread insert 3, has guaranteed fixed cover 4 in case with after bone surface contact, andpositioning thread insert 3 andloop bar 2 will be fixed to overlap and stop, can not continue to stretch into boring again.In addition, during for fear of tool work, the positioning thread insert of rotation touches bone surface, and the length of described fixed cover 4 is greater than the length of described socket section 31.Fixed cover 4 will form certain distance between the socket section 31 ofpositioning thread insert 3 and the bone surface.

Embodiment three: be with the improvements of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, described fixed cover 4 activities be placed in describedloop bar 2, and rely on describedpositioning thread insert 3,positioning thread insert 3 is threaded with loop bar 2.The difference of this scheme and such scheme is that fixed cover 4 directly is placed on theloop bar 2, and the rear end of fixed cover 4 relies on positioning thread insert 3.When carrying out drilling operation, when the front end of fixed cover 4 leaned bone surperficial, the rear end namely leanedpositioning thread insert 3, thereby stops positioningthread insert 3 andloop bar 2 and drilling rod 1 further to pierce.This scheme is compared, and structure is more simple.Cancelled the socket relation of fixed cover 4 withpositioning thread insert 3.

Embodiment four: on the basis of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, describedloop bar 2 is provided with card article 22.The effect ofcard article 22 is after boring is finished, and drilling rod takes out, and when subsequent tool enteredloop bar 2, the bayonet socket in the subsequent tool can fasten with card article, so that follow-up instrument forms the assembly that can work asynchronously with loop bar 2.Together move thereby driveloop bar 2, synchronicity is guaranteed.When also having improved personnel operation to the controllability of instrument.

Embodiment five: on the basis of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, described drilling rod 1 is provided with handle 13, described handle 13 is provided with buckle 131, describedcard article 22 has the bayonet socket 221 that matches with described buckle 131, and described buckle 131 engages with described bayonet socket 221 with the rotation of described handle 13 or throws off.The structure of this scheme can guarantee that after drilling rod 1 entersloop bar 2 handle of drilling rod 1 engages by buckle structure mutually with the card article ofloop bar 2, makes drilling rod 1 form the structure that can work asynchronously withloop bar 2, has guaranteed the synchronicity of drilling operation.Also be not easy when boring, to occur the situations such as change in location between the parts.

Embodiment six: on the basis of above-described embodiment, be carved with graduation mark 23 on the describedloop bar 2, the measurement unit of described graduation mark be the millimeter or centimetre.Such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 4, the back segment ofloop bar 2 is provided with the external screw thread that is threaded withpositioning thread insert 3, and externally threaded one section is the plane, and described scale 23 namely is engraved on this plane.Scale 23 can help operator to understand the boring penetration depth, improves controllability.

Embodiment seven: on the basis of above-described embodiment, be carved withalignment line 24 on the describedcard article 22, describedalignment line 24 is on the same straight line with described opening 21.The purpose that arranges like this is, is convenient to subsequent tool and is connected withloop bar 2 when cooperating, and by the accurate positions ofgrasp openings 21 ofalignment line 24, and makes the operating mechanism of instrument and opening corresponding afterloop bar 2 connections, in order to can extend radially out or regain from opening 21.In addition,alignment line 24 also can be positioned on theloop bar 2, or is positioned onloop bar 2 and thecard article 22.

Embodiment eight: on the basis of above-described embodiment, the distance of described fixed cover 4 front ends of describedloop bar 2 front ends distance is 56mm.Describedopening 21 is positioned between this distance regions.The personnel of the more enough adaptation all ages and classes of this distance segment section, different skeleton sizes hole.In addition, distance also can be 30mm or 70mm.

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: comprise drilling rod (1), the loop bar (2) that is slidingly socketed with described drilling rod (1), the positioning thread insert (3) that matches with described loop bar (2), described drilling rod (1) has through hole (11) vertically, the drill bit (12) of described drilling rod (1) stretches out described loop bar (2), the length of described loop bar (2) is greater than the length of described positioning thread insert (3), and the sidewall that described loop bar (2) stretches out described positioning thread insert (3) has opening (21).

2. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 1 Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: also comprise the fixed cover (4) that matches with described positioning thread insert (3), the length of described loop bar (2) is greater than the length of described fixed cover, and described positioning thread insert (3) is socketed with described loop bar (2) screw thread.

3. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 2 Wicresoft boring orientation tool is characterized in that: described fixed cover (4) is movable is placed in described positioning thread insert (3).

4. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 3 Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: described positioning thread insert (3) comprises socket section (31) and the section of being threaded (32), the diameter of section of described socket section (31) is less than the diameter of section of the section of being threaded (32) and form step surface (33), and described fixed cover (4) is placed in described socket section (31) and relies on described step surface (33).

5. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 2 Wicresoft boring orientation tool is characterized in that: described fixed cover (4) is movable is placed in described loop bar (2), and relies on described positioning thread insert (3).

6. according to claim 2 to 5 arbitrary described a kind of vertebral canal expansion Wicresoft boring orientation tools, it is characterized in that: described loop bar (2) is provided with card article (22).

7. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 6 Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: described drilling rod (1) is provided with handle (13), described handle (13) is provided with buckle (131), described card article (22) has the bayonet socket (221) that matches with described buckle (131), and described buckle (131) engages with described bayonet socket (221) with the rotation of described handle (13) or throws off.

8. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 6 Wicresoft boring orientation tool is characterized in that: be carved with graduation mark (23) on the described loop bar (2), the measurement unit of described graduation mark be millimeter or centimetre.

9. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 6 Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: be carved with alignment line (24) on described loop bar (2) and/or the card article (22), described alignment line (24) is on the same straight line with described opening (21).

10. a kind of vertebral canal expansion according to claim 6 Wicresoft boring orientation tool, it is characterized in that: the distance of described loop bar (2) front end distance described fixed cover (4) front end is 30～70mm, and described opening (21) is positioned between this distance regions.

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