CN102801454B - Beam form-endowing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of beam form-endowing method and device, the method includes: the channel response of frequency in acquisition Sounding signal bandwidth；In in use Sounding signal bandwidth, the corresponding relation of frequency and downlink data place frequency determines Sounding signal bandwidth, the channel response of frequency carries out the weights of interpolation processing；The weights using interpolation processing determine the weights of wave beam forming, and use the weights of wave beam forming that upstream data is carried out wave beam forming.By the present invention, improve the accuracy rate of wave beam forming.

Description

Beam forming method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a beamforming method and a beamforming device.

Background

The radio channel introduces what is known as fading due to electromagnetic wave multipath reflection and scattering effects, and the effect of channel fading on the quality of communication appears as an increase in the probability of signal detection error at the receiving end. Techniques such as channel coding, interleaving, etc. are widely used in wireless communications to reduce the probability of receiver signal detection errors in order to combat fading. Meanwhile, a multi-antenna technology of Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) or multi-antenna transmission (MISO) is used, and channel fading can be well resisted by combining space diversity and channel coding.

Beamforming (Beamforming) is a downlink multi-antenna Transmit Diversity (MISO) technique based on the adaptive antenna principle. The method combines the advantages of the self-adaptive antenna technology, utilizes the antenna array to control the convergence and the pointing of the beam, and can self-adaptively adjust the directional diagram of the beam to track the change of the terminal signal. The Beamforming has the characteristics that the performances such as antenna coverage, system capacity, frequency spectrum utilization rate, service quality and the like can be improved at a lower cost, and the Beamforming has incomparable superiority in the aspects of eliminating interference, enlarging cell coverage radius, reducing system cost and improving system capacity.

The channel Sounding is a mechanism for a terminal to send a detection signal to notify a base station, and the terminal sends a channelsounting waveform to the base station. Through Time Division Duplex (TDD) system channel reciprocity, the base station can know the channel response from the base station side to the terminal side channel. The mechanism enables the base station to know the quality of the channel response in the Sounding signal bandwidth in the OFDMA system, and the base station can select the frequency band with good channel quality to the terminal as a communication frequency band according to the quality of the channel response in the Sounding signal bandwidth of different terminals. This mechanism enables the base station to measure the uplink channel response, and when the transmit and receive hardware are properly calibrated, the base station can estimate the downlink channel response based on the measured uplink channel response.

By combining the Sounding technology and the Beamforming technology, which are used for providing channel response information (or Channel State Information (CSI)) to the BS by the SS, the Beamforming shaping weight can be well obtained, and the wireless link performance of the Beamforming technology is greatly improved.

The principle of beamformming is described below:

assuming that M is the number of antennas transmitted by the transmitter in the MISO system, the received signal of the receiver can be expressed as:

$y=\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_j{x}_j+n---\left(1\right)$

wherein h is_jIs the channel fading, x, of the transmitting antenna j to the receiving antenna_jIs the symbol transmitted by antenna j. Under the condition of assuming that the channel fading from each transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna is independent, the transmitting signals on each transmitting antenna are set as follows:

w_j，j＝1，2，…，M (2)

where w is_jSatisfy the requirement of$\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|w_j\right|}^2=1---\left(3\right)$

The above limitation is to ensure that the total power of the transmission is not increased when transmitting from multiple antennas. Substituting the formula (2) into the formula (1) can obtain

The SNR under this channel condition can be obtained from the above equation:

$\mathrm{SNR}(h_1,...,h_M)=\frac{E{\left|x\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_j{w}_j\right|}^2}{E{\left|n\right|}^2}=\mathrm{SNR}{\left|\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_j{w}_j\right|}^2---\left(5\right)$

from the above equation, to obtain the maximum SNR, set$w_j=\frac{h_j^{*}}{\sqrt{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|h_j\right|}^2}}---\left(6\right)$

The maximum value of the SNR is:$\mathrm{SNR}(h_1,...{,h}_m)=\mathrm{SNR}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left|h_j\right|}^2---\left(7\right)$

according to the same derivation of MRC, the error probability of the receiver at this time can be obtained as:

$P_r\left\{\mathrm{\ϵ}\right\}\≤\frac{1}{{(1+\frac{\mathrm{SNR}}{2})}^M}---\left(8\right)$

the weighting of the modulation symbols of each Transmit antenna according to the formula (2) using the optimal weights in the formula (6) is Transmit Beamforming (or Maximum Rate Transmit, MRT). However, Channel State Information (CSI for short) must be determined for transmit beamforming, and for a TDD system, Sounding technology may be used to obtain CSI, which is also known as UL Channel Sounding, and is a means for providing Channel response Information (or CSI) to a base station by a terminal by using reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels of the TDD system, and is mainly applied to the TDD system.

The binding of Sounding to Beamforming is described below.

For example, Sounding and Beamforming in the IEEE 802.16e protocol are combined as follows: the process comprises the following steps:

step 1: the BS allocates a Sounding Zone resource for the uplink subframe through the PAPR/Safety _ Zone/Sounding _ Zone _ IE of the UL-MAP;

step 2: the BS defines the Sounding implementation mode for each Sounding symbol in the Sounding Zone and the SS in each Sounding symbol through the UL _ Sounding _ Command _ IE of the U L-MAP;

and step 3: the SS sends Sounding signals of corresponding modes at corresponding resource positions of uplink subframes according to PAPR/Safety _ Zone/Sounding _ Zone _ IE and UL _ Sounding _ Command _ IE of the UL-MAP;

and 4, step 4: the BS receives the UL Sounding signal, acquires uplink channel response information (or Channel State Information (CSI)) according to the user Sounding signal, performs channel response estimation according to the Sounding signal by using reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels of the TDD system, calculates a Beamforming weight, and performs Beamforming on the user downlink data.

In the related art, in the process of data transmission by combining sounding and Beamforming, because the sounding signal frequency band is inconsistent with the frequency band occupied by downlink transmission data, the Beamforming weight is inaccurate, and the uplink Beamforming performance is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention mainly aims to provide a beam forming method and apparatus, so as to at least solve the problem in the related art that, in the process of data transmission by combining sounding and Beamforming, because the sounding signal frequency band is not consistent with the frequency band occupied by downlink transmission data, the forming weight of Beamforming is not accurate, and the downlink Beamforming performance is poor.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming method, including: acquiring channel response of a Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point; determining the weight value of the channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point for interpolation processing by using the corresponding relation between the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point and the frequency point where the downlink data is located; and determining a beamforming weight by using the weight subjected to interpolation processing, and beamforming the uplink data by using the beamforming weight.

Preferably, the determining the weight of the interpolation processing by using the channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point according to the corresponding relationship between the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point and the frequency point where the downlink data is located includes: the weight W of the interpolation process is determined using the following formula:wherein R is_hpIs a channel response correlation matrix, R, of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is positioned_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HThe matrix is a nonsingular matrix of the Sounding signal sequence matrix.

Preferably, the acquiring the channel response of the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth includes: determining the channel response of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the following formulaWherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal.

Preferably, the determining the beamforming weight using the interpolated weight includes: determining weights for beamforming using the following formulaWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained.

Preferably, the interpolation process is a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) interpolation process.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming apparatus comprising: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth; the processing module is used for determining the weight of the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth for interpolation processing by using the corresponding relation between the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is located; the determining module is used for determining the weight of the beam forming by using the weight of the interpolation processing; and the beam forming module is used for carrying out beam forming on the uplink data by using the weight of the beam forming.

Preferably, the processing module is configured to determine the weight W of the interpolation process using the following formula:wherein R is_hpIs a channel response correlation matrix, R, of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is positioned_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HThe matrix is a nonsingular matrix of the Sounding signal sequence matrix.

Preferably, the obtaining module is configured to determine the channel response of the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the following formulaWherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal.

Preferably, the beamforming module is configured to determine a weight of beamforming using the following formulaWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained.

Preferably, the interpolation process is a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) interpolation process.

According to the invention, the weight for performing interpolation processing on the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is determined according to the corresponding relation between the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point of the downlink data, and the beam forming weight is determined by using the weight to perform beam forming on the uplink data, so that the problems that the beam forming weight of Beamforming is inaccurate and the performance of the uplink Beamforming is poor due to the fact that the frequency band of the Sounding signal is different from the frequency band occupied by the downlink transmission data in the related technology are solved, and the effect of improving the performance of the uplink data Beamforming is further achieved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of sounding and Beamforming binding according to the related art;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 3 is a block diagram of a beamforming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present embodiment provides a beamforming method, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of a beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:

step S202: acquiring channel response of a Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point;

step S204: determining the weight value of the channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point for interpolation processing by using the corresponding relation between the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point and the frequency point where the downlink data is located;

step S206: and determining a beamforming weight by using the weight subjected to interpolation processing, and beamforming the uplink data by using the beamforming weight.

Through the steps, channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is firstly obtained, then the corresponding relation between the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is located is used for determining a weight for carrying out interpolation processing on the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth, the weight is used for determining a weight for beamforming, and beamforming is carried out on the uplink data. The problems that in the related technology, because the frequency band of the sounding signal is inconsistent with the frequency band occupied by the downlink transmission data, the Beamforming weight is inaccurate, and the uplink Beamforming performance is poor are solved, and the effect of improving the uplink data Beamforming performance is further achieved.

Preferably, different manners may be adopted to determine the weight for performing interpolation processing on the channel response of the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the corresponding relationship between the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is located, and as long as the difference between the frequency point within the Sounding favorite bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink signal is located is reflected in the channel response of the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth, the problem that the Beamforming weight is inaccurate due to the fact that the frequency band occupied by the Sounding signal frequency band is not consistent with the frequency band occupied by the downlink transmission data can be solved, and a preferred embodiment is provided in this embodiment: the weight W of the interpolation process is determined using the following formula:wherein R is_hpIs a channel response correlation matrix, R, of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is positioned_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HThe matrix is a nonsingular matrix of the Sounding signal sequence matrix. By the preferred embodiment, the accuracy of determining the interpolation processing weight is improved.

Preferably, a preferred embodiment of step S202 is explained below. The channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is determined by the following formulaWherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal. By the preferred embodiment, the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is determined by adopting the prior art, so that the research and development cost is reduced.

Preferably, there are various embodiments for determining the beamforming weights by using the interpolated weights in step S206, and only one of the preferred embodiments is described below, and the following formula is used to determine the beamforming weightsWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained. By adopting the preferred embodiment, the channel estimation of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point signal is adopted for interpolation processing, so that the accurate beamforming weight can be obtained under the condition that the Sounding signal frequency band is different from the frequency band of the downlink data, and the accuracy of the beamforming weight is improved.

Preferably, the interpolation process is a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) interpolation process. By adopting the preferred embodiment, the interpolation processing is carried out by adopting the mode in the prior art, the research and development cost is reduced, and the interpolation accuracy can be improved by adopting the MMSE mode.

The present embodiment provides a beamforming apparatus, which can be used to implement the beamforming method described above, and fig. 3 is a block diagram of a beamforming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes: an acquisition module 32, a processing module 34, a determination module 36, and a beamforming module 38, which are described in detail below.

The obtaining module 32 is configured to obtain a channel response of a frequency point within a Sounding signal bandwidth; the processing module 34 is connected to the obtaining module 32, and configured to determine, by using a correspondence between a frequency point within a Sounding signal bandwidth and a frequency point where downlink data is located, a weight value for performing interpolation processing on a channel response of the frequency point within the Sounding signal bandwidth obtained by the obtaining module 32; a determining module 36, connected to the processing module 34, configured to determine a weight of beamforming by using the weight of interpolation processing obtained by processing in the processing module 34; and a beamforming module 38, connected to the determining module 36, for beamforming the uplink data by using the beamforming weights determined by the determining module 36.

Preferably, the processing module 34 is configured to determine the weight W of the interpolation process using the following formula:wherein R is_hpIs a channel response correlation matrix, R, of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is positioned_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HThe matrix is a nonsingular matrix of the Sounding signal sequence matrix.

Preferably, the obtaining module 32 is configured to determine the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the following formulaWherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal.

Preferably, the beamforming module 38 is configured to determine the beamforming weights using the following formulaWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained.

Preferably, the interpolation process is a minimum mean square error MMSE interpolation process.

The following description is made in connection with preferred embodiments:

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

This embodiment provides a Beamforming method, and in combination with the above embodiments and preferred embodiments thereof, in this embodiment, Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) filtering is used to interpolate Sounding signal channel estimation response, so as to obtain Beamforming MRT Beamforming weights, where the method includes the following steps:

step 1: using LS channel estimation to obtain the channel response estimation value of each frequency point of the terminal in the Sounding signal bandwidth:

wherein, R is a signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is a terminal transmission waveform.

Step 2: and (3) solving the correlation matrix, wherein the step 2 comprises the following three substeps:

A. frequency domain correlation coefficient derivation

Assuming that the multipath power attenuation follows a negative exponential distribution, the power delay distribution can be approximated by equation (9):

$S_H\left(\mathrm{\τ}\right)=\begin{array}{}\end{array}\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}}\exp (-\frac{\mathrm{\τ}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}})& 0\≤\mathrm{\τ}\\ 0& 0>\mathrm{\τ}\end{array}\right.---\left(9\right)$

wherein sigma_τIs the mean square time delay. To S_H(tau) Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a channel frequency domain correlation function:

$R_H\left(\mathrm{\Δf}\right)=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}}{\∫}_0^{\∝}\exp (-\frac{\mathrm{\τ}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}})\exp (-j2\mathrm{\π\Δf\τ})\mathrm{d\τ}---\left(10\right)$

the results are collated to obtain:

$R_H\left(\mathrm{\Δf}\right)=\frac{1}{1+j2\mathrm{\π\Δf}{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}}---\left(11\right)$

then the correlation coefficients of the frequency points at intervals of Δ l are:$R_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)=\frac{1}{1+j2\mathrm{\π\Δl}{\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{\τ}}L}---\left(12\right)$

wherein, the L is the frequency interval of adjacent frequency points.

B. Frequency domain correlation coefficient estimation

The channel response of the terminal at the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth can be obtained through LS channel estimation. Using these estimated values, the channel frequency domain correlation coefficient can be calculated by:

${\hat{R}}_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)=E_{t,k}\left\{{\hat{H}}_t\left(k\right){\hat{H}}_t(k+\mathrm{\Δl})\right\}---\left(13\right)$

wherein E is_t，kIs to average each frequency point k for each OFDMA symbol t. Taking the Sounding signal of 802.16e (signal waveform is 1) as an example, the result obtained by LS channel estimation can be expressed as follows：

$\hat{H}\left(k\right)=H\left(k\right)+N\left(k\right)---\left(14\right)$

Wherein,for the estimated channel response, h (k) is the true channel response and n (k) is the noise. The channel response and the noise are independent of each other, and then the channel frequency domain correlation coefficient obtained in equation (6) can be expressed as:

${\hat{R}}_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)=R_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)+R_Z\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)---\left(15\right)$

wherein,for channel frequency domain correlation coefficient obtained by LS channel estimation, R_H(Δ l) is the true channel frequency domain correlationCoefficient of R_Z(Δ l) is a correlation coefficient between noises. R can be derived if the noise of the channel estimates of the different carriers is uncorrelated_Z(Δ l) is a delta function. Therefore, equation (13) can be expressed as follows:

${\hat{R}}_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{R}_H\left(0\right)+{\mathrm{\σ}}^2& \mathrm{\Δl}=0\\ R_H\left(\mathrm{\Δl}\right)& .....\mathrm{\Δl}\≠0\end{array}\right.---\left(16\right)$

wherein σ²Is the system receiver noise.

C. Frequency domain correlation coefficient calculation

According to between the formulas (12) and (16)Can determine the mean square time delay sigma_τ. The correlation coefficient between any two frequency points can be obtained according to the expression (12).

And step 3: and (3) obtaining a correlation matrix required for solving in the step (1) according to the step (2), and obtaining a Beamforming weight of the downlink non-Sounding frequency point by using the step (1) to carry out MMSE interpolation.

In this embodiment, the following formula is used to determine the weight of beamforming:

$H_{\mathrm{lmmse}}=W{\hat{H}}_{\mathrm{ls}}---\left(17\right)$

whereinAnd obtaining the channel response of the terminal in the Sounding signal bandwidth for the LS channel estimation. R_hpChannel response correlation matrix R between downlink non-Sounding frequency point used by terminal and certain Sounding frequency point of terminal_ppAnd the correlation matrix is a correlation matrix between Sounding frequency points.And X is noise and the sending Sounding sequence. In step 3, processing based on the MMSE criterion is used.

The preferred embodiment overcomes the problem that in an actual system, the frequency band of Sounding signals in an OFDMA system of the terminal may be inconsistent with the frequency band occupied by downlink transmission data of the terminal, and then the MRT weight forming weight for Beamforming according to the Sounding signals needs to be obtained by interpolation according to channel response estimation of frequency point signals within the bandwidth of the Sounding signals.

By the embodiment, the weight for performing interpolation processing on the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is determined according to the corresponding relation between the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point of the downlink data, the weight is used for determining the Beamforming weight, and Beamforming is performed on the uplink data, so that the problem that the limitation that the Sounding bandwidth of a terminal must be consistent with the downlink transmission bandwidth during the Sounding downlink transmission of the MRT is solved, the channel response estimation of the frequency point in the full frequency band can be realized, and meanwhile, compared with the currently used linear interpolation, the interpolation fitting precision is improved, and the performance of the Sounding downlink transmission technology of the MRT is greatly improved.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, or they may be separately fabricated into various integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps thereof may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for beamforming, comprising:

acquiring channel response of a Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point;

determining the weight of interpolation processing of channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point by using the corresponding relation between the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point and the frequency point where the downlink data is located;

and determining a beamforming weight by using the weight subjected to the interpolation processing, and performing beamforming on the uplink data by using the beamforming weight.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the weight of the channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point for interpolation processing by using the corresponding relationship between the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point and the frequency point where the downlink data is located comprises:

determining a weight value of the interpolation process using the following formulaWherein R is_hpA channel response correlation matrix R of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point of the downlink data_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HThe matrix is a nonsingular matrix of the Sounding signal sequence matrix.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the channel response of the Sounding signal bandwidth internal frequency point comprises: determining the channel response of frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the following formula

Wherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal.

4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein determining the beamforming weights using the interpolated weights comprises:

determining weights for beamforming using the following formulaWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained.

5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the interpolation process is a minimum mean square error, MMSE, interpolation process.

6. A beamforming apparatus, comprising:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth;

the processing module is used for determining the weight of the interpolation processing of the channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth by using the corresponding relation between the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point where the downlink data is located;

a determining module, configured to determine a weight of beamforming using the weight of interpolation;

and the beam forming module is used for carrying out beam forming on the uplink data by using the weight of the beam forming.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processing module is configured to determine the weight of the interpolation process using the following formulaWherein R is_hpA channel response correlation matrix R of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth and the frequency point of the downlink data_ppIs a correlation matrix between frequency points in the Sounding signal bandwidth,for noise, X is the Sounding signal sequence, X^HIs the Sounding signal sequence momentNon-singular matrices of the array.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the obtaining module is configured to determine the channel response of the Sounding signal within the bandwidth using the following formulaWherein, R is the signal transmitted by the terminal at the Sounding frequency point received by the base station, and S is the waveform transmitted by the terminal.

9. The apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the beamforming module is configured to determine the weight of beamforming according to the following formulaWhereinThe channel response of the frequency point in the Sounding signal bandwidth is obtained.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the interpolation process is a minimum mean square error, MMSE, interpolation process.