技术领域technical field
本发明涉及金属表面处理技术，特别涉及一种金属涂装前处理工艺。The invention relates to metal surface treatment technology, in particular to a pre-treatment process for metal coating.
背景技术Background technique
现实生活中，家电、办公家具、五金工件等为了达到防腐的目的，往往会进行金属表面处理，包括涂装前处理工艺和涂装工艺。涂装前处理工艺是在涂装前把金属表面附着的油脂、锈蚀、灰尘等去除，并生成转化膜，提供适合于涂装要求的良好基底，保证涂层具有良好的附着力和耐蚀性。目前，常用的涂装前处理工艺为：预脱脂、脱脂、工业水洗一、工业水洗二、表面调整、磷化、工业水洗三、工业水洗四、纯水洗一、纯水洗二、倒水、干燥，工艺较为复杂。其中磷化为通过化学和电化学反应形成磷化膜，可极大的提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性。然而，磷化过程能耗大、成本高、具有较强的毒性、含有有害重金属、磷化渣以及废水处理困难。随着科技的进步和环保要求的提高，污水排放对重金属、无机盐、磷的限制更为严格，需要一种更为环保的金属涂装前处理工艺技术。In real life, in order to achieve the purpose of anti-corrosion, household appliances, office furniture, hardware workpieces, etc., often carry out metal surface treatment, including pre-painting treatment process and coating process. The pre-painting treatment process is to remove the grease, rust, dust, etc. attached to the metal surface before painting, and form a conversion film to provide a good base suitable for painting requirements to ensure that the coating has good adhesion and corrosion resistance . At present, the commonly used pre-painting treatment processes are: pre-degreasing, degreasing, industrial washing 1, industrial washing 2, surface adjustment, phosphating, industrial washing 3, industrial washing 4, pure water washing 1, pure water washing 2, pouring water, drying , the process is more complicated. Among them, phosphating is to form a phosphating film through chemical and electrochemical reactions, which can greatly improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. However, the phosphating process has high energy consumption, high cost, strong toxicity, harmful heavy metals, phosphating slag and difficult wastewater treatment. With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the restrictions on heavy metals, inorganic salts, and phosphorus in sewage discharge are more stringent, and a more environmentally friendly pre-treatment technology for metal coating is needed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种采用陶化取代磷化，工艺简化，无废渣以及不含重金属，能提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性，更为环保的金属涂装前处理工艺。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a more environmentally friendly pre-painting coating that uses vitrification instead of phosphating, simplifies the process, does not contain waste residue and heavy metals, can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating, and is more environmentally friendly. Processing technology.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种金属涂装前处理工艺，依次包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a metal coating pretreatment process, which comprises the following steps in turn:
a、预脱脂：将工件放入预脱脂槽进行预脱脂处理；a. Pre-degreasing: put the workpiece into the pre-degreasing tank for pre-degreasing treatment;
b、脱脂：将工件放入脱脂槽进行脱脂处理；b. Degreasing: put the workpiece into the degreasing tank for degreasing treatment;
c、水洗一：将脱脂完的工件放入第一水洗槽进行第一次清洗；c. Washing 1: Put the degreased workpiece into the first washing tank for the first cleaning;
d、水洗二：将脱脂完的工件放入第二水洗槽进行第二次清洗；d. Washing 2: Put the degreased workpiece into the second washing tank for the second cleaning;
e、陶化：将工件放入陶化处理槽，采用陶化剂进行陶化处理，形成陶化膜；e. Vitrification: Put the workpiece into the vitrification treatment tank, and use vitrification agent for vitrification treatment to form vitrification film;
f、水洗三：将形成陶化膜的工件放入第三水洗槽进行第三次清洗；f. Water washing three: put the workpiece forming the vitrified film into the third washing tank for the third cleaning;
g、水洗四：将形成陶化膜的工件放入第四水洗槽进行第四次清洗。g. Washing 4: Put the workpiece forming the vitrified film into the fourth washing tank for the fourth washing.
本发明采用陶化取代磷化，使用一种无磷酸盐的环保型陶化剂对工件进行陶化处理，无废渣以及不含重金属，更加环保，便于处理。在处理的钢铁、锌材、热镀锌板、电镀锌板和铝材等金属工件表面形成陶化膜，能提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性，适用于各种型号的涂料进行涂装处理。同时工艺简化，每个步骤均在常温下进行，能耗小，成本降低。The invention adopts vitrification instead of phosphating, uses a phosphate-free environment-friendly vitrification agent to vitrify the workpiece, has no waste residue and no heavy metal, is more environmentally friendly, and is easy to handle. Form a vitrified film on the surface of metal workpieces such as steel, zinc, hot-dip galvanized, electro-galvanized and aluminum, which can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. It is suitable for various types of coatings for coating deal with. At the same time, the process is simplified, each step is carried out at normal temperature, the energy consumption is small, and the cost is reduced.
在一个实施方式中，所述预脱脂的条件为：槽液成分为浓度3%-5%的无磷脱脂粉和3%-5%的无磷脱脂剂，在常温下处理，游离碱度控制在20-40点，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for the pre-degreasing are: the composition of the bath liquid is 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing agent, treated at normal temperature, and the free alkalinity is controlled At 20-40 o'clock, the working time is set to 120s-180s, and the spray pressure is set to 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述脱脂的条件为：槽液成分为浓度3%-5%的无磷脱脂粉和3%-5%的无磷脱脂剂，在常温下处理，游离碱度控制在25-60点，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for degreasing are: the composition of the bath liquid is 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing agent, treated at normal temperature, and the free alkalinity is controlled at 25-60 o'clock, the working time is set to 120s-180s, and the spray pressure is set to 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述水洗一的条件为：槽液为自来水，在常温下处理，PH值控制在小于或等于8.5，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for washing with water one are: the tank liquid is tap water, treated at normal temperature, the pH value is controlled at less than or equal to 8.5, and sprayed with tap water, and the spray pressure is set at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述水洗二的条件为：槽液为自来水，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for the second washing with water are: the tank solution is tap water, treated at normal temperature, the pH value is controlled at 6.0-7.0, sprayed with tap water, and the spray pressure is set at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述陶化的条件为：槽液成分为浓度2%-3%的无磷脱脂粉，在常温下处理，陶化点数控制在3.0-8.0点，PH值控制在4.5-5.5，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for vitrification are as follows: the composition of the bath liquid is phosphorus-free degreasing powder with a concentration of 2%-3%, and it is treated at room temperature. -5.5, the working time is set to 120s-180s, and the spray pressure is set to 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，在陶化处理过程中，陶化点数在工作范围内时，PH值偏酸添加中和剂调整，PH值偏碱添加陶化调整剂调整。In one embodiment, during the ceramization process, when the ceramization point is within the working range, the pH value is adjusted by adding a neutralizing agent, and the pH value is adjusted by adding a ceramization regulator if the pH value is relatively alkaline.
在一个实施方式中，所述水洗三的条件为：槽液为自来水，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions of the water washing three are: the tank liquid is tap water, treated at normal temperature, the pH value is controlled at 6.0-7.0, and sprayed with tap water, and the spray pressure is set at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述水洗四的条件为：槽液为自来水，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。In one embodiment, the conditions for washing with water are as follows: the tank solution is tap water, treated at normal temperature, the pH value is controlled at 6.0-7.0, sprayed with tap water, and the spray pressure is set at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2.
在一个实施方式中，所述水洗四过程后，对工件采用烘干的方式使工件保持干燥。干燥后，金属涂装前处理工艺结束，准备进行涂装工艺。In one embodiment, after the four processes of washing with water, the workpiece is kept dry by drying. After drying, the metal coating pre-treatment process is over, and the coating process is ready.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用陶化取代磷化，使用一种无磷酸盐的环保型陶化剂对工件进行陶化处理，无废渣以及不含重金属，更加环保，便于处理。在处理的钢铁、锌材、热镀锌板、电镀锌板和铝材等金属工件表面形成陶化膜，能提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性，适用于各种型号的涂料进行涂装处理。同时工艺简化，每个步骤均在常温下进行，能耗小，成本降低。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts vitrification instead of phosphating, uses a phosphate-free environment-friendly vitrification agent to vitrify the workpiece, has no waste residue and no heavy metal, is more environmentally friendly, and is easy to handle. Form a vitrified film on the surface of metal workpieces such as steel, zinc, hot-dip galvanized, electro-galvanized and aluminum, which can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. It is suitable for various types of coatings for coating deal with. At the same time, the process is simplified, each step is carried out at normal temperature, the energy consumption is small, and the cost is reduced.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供一种金属涂装前处理工艺，依次包括以下步骤：The invention provides a metal coating pretreatment process, which comprises the following steps in turn:
a、预脱脂：将工件放入预脱脂槽进行预脱脂处理；a. Pre-degreasing: put the workpiece into the pre-degreasing tank for pre-degreasing treatment;
b、脱脂：将工件放入脱脂槽进行脱脂处理；b. Degreasing: put the workpiece into the degreasing tank for degreasing treatment;
c、水洗一：将脱脂完的工件放入第一水洗槽进行第一次清洗；c. Washing 1: Put the degreased workpiece into the first washing tank for the first cleaning;
d、水洗二：将脱脂完的工件放入第二水洗槽进行第二次清洗；d. Washing 2: Put the degreased workpiece into the second washing tank for the second cleaning;
e、陶化：将工件放入陶化处理槽，采用陶化剂进行陶化处理，形成陶化膜；e. Vitrification: Put the workpiece into the vitrification treatment tank, and use vitrification agent for vitrification treatment to form vitrification film;
f、水洗三：将形成陶化膜的工件放入第三水洗槽进行第三次清洗；f. Water washing three: put the workpiece forming the vitrified film into the third washing tank for the third cleaning;
g、水洗四：将形成陶化膜的工件放入第四水洗槽进行第四次清洗。g. Washing 4: Put the workpiece forming the vitrified film into the fourth washing tank for the fourth washing.
本发明采用陶化取代磷化，使用一种无磷酸盐的环保型陶化剂对工件进行陶化处理，无废渣以及不含重金属，更加环保，便于处理。在处理的钢铁、锌材、热镀锌板、电镀锌板和铝材等金属工件表面形成陶化膜，能提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性，适用于各种型号的涂料进行涂装处理。同时工艺简化，每个步骤均在常温下进行，能耗小，成本降低。The invention adopts vitrification instead of phosphating, uses a phosphate-free environment-friendly vitrification agent to vitrify the workpiece, has no waste residue and no heavy metal, is more environmentally friendly, and is easy to handle. Form a vitrified film on the surface of metal workpieces such as steel, zinc, hot-dip galvanized, electro-galvanized and aluminum, which can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. It is suitable for various types of coatings for coating deal with. At the same time, the process is simplified, each step is carried out at normal temperature, the energy consumption is small, and the cost is reduced.
所述预脱脂处理过程为：往预脱脂槽添加槽液，其成分为浓度3%-5%的无磷脱脂粉和3%-5%的无磷脱脂剂，在常温下处理，游离碱度控制在20-40点，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，根据每1吨槽液加1.5Kg无磷脱脂粉和1.5Kg无磷脱脂剂，碱度上升约一个点，将游离碱度控制在工作范围内。在预脱脂过程中进行游离碱度测定，取10ml工作液，加1-2滴酚酞指示剂，用0.1N硫酸滴定，直至粉红色消失所需的毫升数即为工作液的游离碱度。通过本过程初步将金属表面附着的油脂、锈蚀、灰尘等去除。The pre-degreasing treatment process is: add bath liquid to the pre-degreasing tank, its composition is 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 3%-5% non-phosphorus degreasing agent, treat at normal temperature, free alkalinity Control at 20-40 points, set the working time at 120s-180s, and set the spray pressure at 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2. During the whole process, according to adding 1.5Kg phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 1.5Kg phosphorus-free degreasing agent per 1 ton of bath liquid, the alkalinity will rise by about one point, and the free alkalinity will be controlled within the working range. During the pre-degreasing process, measure the free alkalinity, take 10ml of working solution, add 1-2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator, titrate with 0.1N sulfuric acid, until the number of milliliters required for the pink color to disappear is the free alkalinity of the working solution. Through this process, the grease, rust, dust, etc. attached to the metal surface are initially removed.
所述脱脂处理过程为：往预脱脂槽添加槽液，其成分为浓度3%-5%的无磷脱脂粉和3%-5%的无磷脱脂剂，在常温下处理，游离碱度控制在25-60点，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，根据每1吨槽液加1.5Kg无磷脱脂粉和1.5Kg无磷脱脂剂，碱度上升约一个点，将游离碱度控制在工作范围内。在脱脂过程中按预脱脂所述方法进行游离碱度测定。通过本过程进一步将金属表面附着的油脂、锈蚀、灰尘等去除。The degreasing treatment process is: add bath liquid to the pre-degreasing tank, its composition is 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 3%-5% phosphorus-free degreasing agent, treat at normal temperature, free alkalinity control At 25-60 o'clock, the working time is set to 120s-180s, and the spray pressure is set to 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2. During the whole process, according to adding 1.5Kg phosphorus-free degreasing powder and 1.5Kg phosphorus-free degreasing agent per 1 ton of bath liquid, the alkalinity will rise by about one point, and the free alkalinity will be controlled within the working range. During the degreasing process, the free alkalinity determination was carried out as described for pre-degreasing. Through this process, the grease, rust, dust, etc. attached to the metal surface are further removed.
所述水洗一过程为：将工件放入装有自来水的第一水洗槽，在常温下处理，PH值控制在小于或等于8.5，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，加自来水使水洗槽保持溢流。换槽周期设为一天，完成第一次清洗。The process of washing is as follows: put the workpiece into the first washing tank equipped with tap water, process it at normal temperature, control the pH value to be less than or equal to 8.5, spray with tap water, and set the spray pressure to 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2 . Throughout the process, keep the wash tank overflowing with tap water. The tank change cycle is set to one day, and the first cleaning is completed.
所述水洗二过程为：将工件放入装有自来水的第二水洗槽，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，加自来水使水洗槽保持溢流。换槽周期设为一天，完成第二次清洗。The second washing process is as follows: put the workpiece into the second washing tank equipped with tap water, process it at normal temperature, control the pH value at 6.0-7.0, spray with tap water, and set the spray pressure at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2. Throughout the process, keep the wash tank overflowing with tap water. The tank change cycle is set to one day, and the second cleaning is completed.
所述陶化处理过程为：往陶化处理槽添加槽液，其成分为浓度2%-3%的无磷脱脂粉，在常温下处理，陶化点数控制在3.0-8.0，PH值控制在4.5-5.5，工作时间设置为120s-180s，喷淋压力设置为0.8-1.2Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，陶化剂和陶化调整剂按比例15:1添加，根据每一吨槽液加5Kg陶化剂，陶化点数上升约一个点，将陶化点数控制在工作范围内。在陶化处理过程中，进行陶化点数测定和PH值测定。The ceramic treatment process is as follows: add bath liquid to the ceramic treatment tank, the composition of which is phosphorus-free degreasing powder with a concentration of 2%-3%, and treat it at room temperature. The ceramic point is controlled at 3.0-8.0, and the pH value is controlled at 4.5-5.5, the working time is set to 120s-180s, and the spray pressure is set to 0.8-1.2Kg/cm2. During the whole process, vitrification agent and vitrification regulator are added in a ratio of 15:1. According to the addition of 5Kg vitrification agent per ton of bath liquid, the vitrification point will increase by about one point, and the vitrification point will be controlled within the working range. During the vitrification process, the determination of the number of vitrification points and the determination of the pH value are carried out.
陶化点数测定方法为：取2ml工作液于250ml锥形瓶中，加入10ml缓冲液，摇匀，接着加入20ml缓冲剂，摇匀，再加入2-3滴HP指示剂，在电炉加热至80℃-95℃，趁热用标准液滴定，由酒红色变为浅黄色所需要的毫升数乘以5即为陶化点数。PH值测定方法为：取一张3.8-5.5的精密试纸条浸入工作槽液中，半秒后取出与标准色板比较，即得PH值。The method of measuring ceramic points is: take 2ml of working solution in a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 10ml of buffer, shake well, then add 20ml of buffer, shake well, then add 2-3 drops of HP indicator, heat to 80 ℃-95℃, titrate with standard solution while it is hot, and multiply the number of milliliters required to change from wine red to light yellow by 5, which is the vitrification point. The method for measuring the pH value is: take a precision test strip of 3.8-5.5 and immerse it in the working bath liquid, take it out half a second later and compare it with the standard color plate to obtain the pH value.
所述陶化处理过程中，陶化点数在工作范围内时，PH值偏酸添加中和剂调整，根据1吨槽液加0.24Kg中和剂可使工作液PH值上升0.2个单位；PH值偏碱添加陶化调整剂调整，根据1吨槽液加0.48Kg陶化调整剂可使工作液PH值下降约0.2个单位。In the pottery treatment process, when the pottery point is within the working range, the pH value is acidic and the neutralizer is added to adjust it. According to 1 ton of bath liquid, adding 0.24Kg neutralizer can increase the pH value of the working solution by 0.2 units; If the value is alkaline, add a vitrification regulator to adjust it. According to 1 ton of bath liquid, adding 0.48Kg vitrification regulator can reduce the pH value of the working solution by about 0.2 units.
陶化处理为本发明的关键步骤，本实施例中，所述陶化剂为无磷酸盐的环保型纳米陶化剂，在工件表面形成由无色、金黄色、蓝色到蓝紫色的陶化膜，提高涂层的附着力和耐蚀性。Ceramic treatment is a key step of the present invention. In this embodiment, the ceramic agent is an environmentally friendly nano-ceramic agent without phosphate, and forms a colorless, golden yellow, blue to blue-purple ceramic agent on the surface of the workpiece. The film can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating.
所述水洗三过程为：将工件放入装有自来水的第三水洗槽，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，加自来水使水洗槽保持溢流。换槽周期设为一天，完成第三次清洗。The three washing processes are as follows: put the workpiece into the third washing tank equipped with tap water, process it at normal temperature, control the pH value at 6.0-7.0, spray with tap water, and set the spray pressure at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2. Throughout the process, keep the wash tank overflowing with tap water. The tank change cycle is set to one day, and the third cleaning is completed.
所述水洗四过程为：将工件放入装有自来水的第四水洗槽，在常温下处理，PH值控制在6.0-7.0，用自来水喷淋，喷淋压力设置为0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2。在整个过程中，加自来水使水洗槽保持溢流。换槽周期设为一天，完成第四次清洗。The four washing processes are as follows: put the workpiece into the fourth washing tank equipped with tap water, process it at normal temperature, control the pH value at 6.0-7.0, spray with tap water, and set the spray pressure at 0.5-1.2 Kg/cm2. Throughout the process, keep the wash tank overflowing with tap water. The tank change cycle is set to one day, and the fourth cleaning is completed.
所述水洗四过程后，对工件采用烘干的方式使工件保持干燥。干燥后，金属涂装前处理工艺结束，准备进行涂装工艺。After the four washing processes, the workpiece is kept dry by drying. After drying, the metal coating pre-treatment process is over, and the coating process is ready.
下表为陶化和磷化的工艺对比：The following table shows the process comparison of vitrification and phosphating:
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明做出的非实质性修改，也均落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made to the present invention using this concept also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102636281ACN102797002A (en) | 2012-07-28 | 2012-07-28 | Pretreatment process for metal coating |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102636281ACN102797002A (en) | 2012-07-28 | 2012-07-28 | Pretreatment process for metal coating |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102797002Atrue CN102797002A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102636281APendingCN102797002A (en) | 2012-07-28 | 2012-07-28 | Pretreatment process for metal coating |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102797002A (en) |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20121128 |