CN102786367A - Synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及氮素增效肥料，具体地说是一种增效缓释尿素肥料及其制备方法。肥料成分为尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂、粘合剂和有机溶剂，其中尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂和粘合剂按重量份数比计=1：0.001-0.1：0.0005-1：0.05-0.1，有机溶剂5-10ml；所述生化抑制剂为:脲酶抑制剂,增效剂为：聚天门冬氨酸。本发明的增效尿素肥料适用于各类植物和土壤。施入土壤中对作物有显著的抗病、抗旱和抗倒伏作用，可有效地提高土壤储存养分的能力，并且对后茬作物具有一定效果。使用本发明增效缓释尿素肥料可使粮食增产8－30％，蔬菜增产14－60％，经济作物增产30％以上。The invention relates to a nitrogen synergistic fertilizer, in particular to a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Fertilizer components are urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitors, synergists, binders and organic solvents, wherein urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitors, synergists and binders are calculated in parts by weight = 1:0.001-0.1:0.0005 -1: 0.05-0.1, 5-10ml of organic solvent; the biochemical inhibitor is: urease inhibitor, and the synergist is: polyaspartic acid. The synergistic urea fertilizer of the invention is suitable for various plants and soils. Applied into the soil, it has significant disease resistance, drought resistance and lodging resistance for crops, can effectively improve the ability of the soil to store nutrients, and has a certain effect on subsequent crops. Using the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer of the invention can increase grain yield by 8-30%, vegetables by 14-60%, and economic crops by more than 30%.

Description

Translated fromChinese

增效缓释尿素肥料及其制备方法Synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof

本申请是中国发明专利申请的分案申请，原申请的申请日：2007年11月16日，申请号：200710158313.X，发明创造名称：增效缓释尿素肥料及制备方法，公开号：CN101434503A；由于原申请中审查员指出所涉及的增效缓释尿素肥料之间不属于一个总的发明构思，提出此分案申请。This application is a divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application. The application date of the original application: November 16, 2007, the application number: 200710158313.X, the name of the invention: synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and its preparation method, the publication number: CN101434503A ; Since the examiner pointed out in the original application that the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer involved does not belong to a general inventive concept, this divisional application is filed.

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及氮素增效肥料，具体地说是一种增效缓释尿素肥料及其制备方法。The invention relates to a nitrogen synergistic fertilizer, in particular to a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

普通尿素肥料肥效期短，肥料氮素利用率低，对农产品品质没有改善。尿素氮的总体利用率只有30～35％，氮素的淋失、挥发、地表径流等损失较多，肥料施入的经济效益较低，造成资源的巨大浪费和农业生产成本的增加，同时产生地下水和土壤面源的污染，引起温室气体效应和水体的富营养化，使生态环境恶化。尿素的大量施用使农产品品质下降。为减轻和解决这些问题，在提高农业生产经营技术管理的同时，需通过改进尿素肥料的自身性能，延长肥料的有效作用时间，减缓其在土壤中的转化强度，增加肥料的有效作用时间，促进作物对肥料的有效吸收利用，从而提高肥料利用率，特别是尿素氮肥的利用率。Ordinary urea fertilizer has a short fertilizer effect period, low fertilizer nitrogen utilization rate, and does not improve the quality of agricultural products. The overall utilization rate of urea nitrogen is only 30-35%. Nitrogen leaching, volatilization, surface runoff and other losses are relatively large, and the economic benefits of fertilizer application are low, resulting in a huge waste of resources and an increase in agricultural production costs. Pollution of groundwater and soil non-point source causes greenhouse gas effect and eutrophication of water body, deteriorating the ecological environment. Extensive application of urea degrades the quality of agricultural products. In order to alleviate and solve these problems, while improving the technical management of agricultural production and management, it is necessary to improve the performance of urea fertilizer itself, prolong the effective time of fertilizer, slow down its transformation intensity in soil, increase the effective time of fertilizer, and promote The effective absorption and utilization of fertilizer by crops can improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, especially the utilization rate of urea nitrogen fertilizer.

目前工业所生产和农业施用的普通尿素是速溶肥料，在水和土壤中溶解转化很快。尿素施入土壤后在土壤中的脲酶作用下很快转化为铵态氮，大量的铵态氮使土壤pH值迅速升高，氨挥发增加；在通气状况良好的土壤中，在土壤硝化细菌的作用下发生硝化作用，铵态氮在很短的时间内就转化为亚硝态氮和硝态氮，硝态氮在土壤中极易淋失，亚硝态氮也会以氮的氧化物的形式呈气态损失，造成肥料氮的大量损失，从而降低了肥料氮的利用率。Common urea produced in industry and used in agriculture is an instant fertilizer, which dissolves and transforms quickly in water and soil. After urea is applied to the soil, it is quickly converted into ammonium nitrogen under the action of urease in the soil. A large amount of ammonium nitrogen makes the soil pH value rise rapidly and ammonia volatilization increases; Under the action of nitrification, ammonium nitrogen is converted into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in a short period of time. Nitrate nitrogen is easily leached in the soil, and nitrite nitrogen will also be converted into nitrogen oxides. The form is gaseous loss, resulting in a large loss of fertilizer nitrogen, thereby reducing the utilization rate of fertilizer nitrogen.

现有技术显示，在常温下，尿素（酰胺态氮）在脲酶的作用下首先转化为铵态氮，进而转化为硝态氮，硝态氮很快被淋失或呈气态损失，而脲酶抑制剂可以有效抑制尿素向铵态氮的转化速度，延长酰胺态氮在土壤中的存留时间，增加尿素的有效作用时间；肥料增效剂聚天门冬氨酸（多肽，Polyaspartic acid PASP）是一种肥料高效增效剂和新型植物营养吸收促进剂和调节剂。对植物所需营养成分具有极强的鳌合功能，能有效富集土壤中氮、磷、钾及微量元素供植物吸收利用，尤其是对锌、铁、锰三种元素的吸收和富集植物根部周围土壤中有用的元素，效果最为明显，具有长链蛋白和阴离子表面活性剂等优点，促进植物对营养元素的吸收，促进根系的生长，健壮植株，增强抗逆性，改善品质，可作为良好的植物养分促进剂、助长剂、浸种剂、叶面肥、水分保持剂，且有不含激素、无毒、用过无残留等特点；PASP不同于植物激素，具有用量小、高抗病毒等特点。The existing technology shows that at room temperature, urea (amide nitrogen) is first converted into ammonium nitrogen under the action of urease, and then into nitrate nitrogen. The nitrate nitrogen is quickly leached or lost in gaseous state, while urease inhibits The fertilizer can effectively inhibit the conversion rate of urea to ammonium nitrogen, prolong the retention time of amide nitrogen in the soil, and increase the effective action time of urea; the fertilizer synergist polyaspartic acid (polypeptide, Polyaspartic acid PASP) is a Fertilizer high-efficiency synergist and new plant nutrient absorption accelerator and regulator. It has a strong chelation function for the nutrients needed by plants, and can effectively enrich nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements in the soil for plant absorption and utilization, especially for the absorption and enrichment of zinc, iron and manganese. Useful elements in the soil around the root, the effect is the most obvious, it has the advantages of long-chain protein and anionic surfactant, which can promote the absorption of nutrients by plants, promote the growth of roots, strengthen plants, enhance stress resistance, improve quality, and can be used as Good plant nutrient accelerator, growth promoter, seed soaking agent, foliar fertilizer, water retention agent, and has the characteristics of hormone-free, non-toxic, and no residue after use; PASP is different from plant hormones, with small dosage and high anti-virus Features.

将上述脲酶抑制剂之一与PASP通过高科技结合后制成肥料复合增效剂，可有效延长尿素或酰胺态氮肥肥效期，改善作物对氮素的吸收利用效果，增加植株对氮素的吸收量，提高肥料的利用率，增加农产品中蛋白质、氨基酸和脂肪等营养物质的含量，同时增加作物所需的微量元素在土壤中的有效富集量，促进作物对其它营养元素的吸收。Combine one of the above urease inhibitors with PASP through high-tech to make a fertilizer compound synergist, which can effectively prolong the period of urea or amide nitrogen fertilizer, improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by crops, and increase the absorption of nitrogen by plants Increase the utilization rate of fertilizers, increase the content of nutrients such as protein, amino acid and fat in agricultural products, and at the same time increase the effective enrichment of trace elements required by crops in the soil, and promote the absorption of other nutrients by crops.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种可以有效抑制尿素向铵态氮的转化速度，延长尿素在土壤中的存留时间，增加尿素的有效期，能够提高尿素氮素肥料利用率、促进植物对氮、磷、钾及微量元素营养元素的吸收，促进根系的生长，健壮植株，增强抗逆性，改善品质，显著延长尿素氮肥肥效期的高效环保的增效缓释尿素肥料及制备方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of conversion rate that can effectively suppress urea to ammonium nitrogen, prolong the retention time of urea in soil, increase the valid period of urea, can improve the utilization rate of urea nitrogen fertilizer, promote plant to nitrogen, phosphorus, The absorption of potassium and trace element nutrient elements promotes the growth of roots, strengthens plants, enhances stress resistance, improves quality, and significantly prolongs the effective period of urea nitrogen fertilizer. It is an efficient and environmentally friendly synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and a preparation method.

为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

增效缓释尿素肥料成分为:尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂和增效剂，其中氮肥、生化抑制剂和增效剂按重量份数比计=1：0.001-0.1：0.0005-1;所述生化抑制剂为:脲酶抑制剂,增效剂为：聚天门冬氨酸。The composition of the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer is: urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitors and synergists, wherein the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitors and synergists by weight and number = 1: 0.001-0.1: 0.0005-1; the biochemical The inhibitor is: urease inhibitor, and the synergist is: polyaspartic acid.

制备方法：将生化抑制剂和增效剂通过机械或人工混拌后，直接注入熔融状态下的尿素氮肥中混合,或将生化抑制剂、增效剂和熔融状态下的尿素氮肥直接混合造粒，即制成增效缓释尿素肥料。Preparation method: Mix biochemical inhibitors and synergists mechanically or manually, and then directly inject them into molten urea nitrogen fertilizer for mixing, or directly mix and granulate biochemical inhibitors, synergists and urea nitrogen fertilizers in molten state , which is made into synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer.

增效缓释尿素肥料成分为：尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂、粘合剂和有机溶剂，其中尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂和粘合剂按重量份数比计=1：0.001-0.1：0.0005-1：0.05-0.1，每份尿素氮肥中添加有机溶剂5-10ml；所述生化抑制剂为:脲酶抑制剂,增效剂为：聚天门冬氨酸。所述的粘合剂为乙基纤维素或乙基纤维素共聚物。The ingredients of the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer are: urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitor, synergist, binder and organic solvent, wherein the ratio of urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitor, synergist and binder is 1 by weight : 0.001-0.1: 0.0005-1: 0.05-0.1, 5-10ml of organic solvent is added to each part of urea nitrogen fertilizer; the biochemical inhibitor is: urease inhibitor, and the synergist is: polyaspartic acid. The binder is ethyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose copolymer.

制备方法：将生化抑制剂、增效剂和粘合剂以及有机溶剂的悬浮溶液通过流化床,喷涂在流化状态下的尿素氮肥表面，即制成增效缓释尿素肥料。采用流化床均匀喷涂时，流化床中的进风温度为60～75℃，压缩空气压强0.35～0.65Pa，喷头雾化压0.05～0.15Pa。Preparation method: pass the suspension solution of biochemical inhibitors, synergists, binders and organic solvents through a fluidized bed, and spray on the surface of urea nitrogen fertilizer in a fluidized state to make a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. When using a fluidized bed for uniform spraying, the air inlet temperature in the fluidized bed is 60-75°C, the compressed air pressure is 0.35-0.65Pa, and the spray nozzle atomization pressure is 0.05-0.15Pa.

增效缓释尿素肥料成分为：尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂和添加剂，其中尿素氮肥、生化抑制剂、增效剂和添加剂按重量份数比计=1：0.001-0.1：0.0005-1：0.05－0.2，所述生化抑制剂为:脲酶抑制剂,增效剂为：聚天门冬氨酸。所述添加剂为腐植酸或硅藻土。The composition of the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer is: urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitor, synergist and additive, wherein urea nitrogen fertilizer, biochemical inhibitor, synergist and additive are calculated by weight ratio=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005- 1: 0.05-0.2, the biochemical inhibitor is: urease inhibitor, and the synergist is: polyaspartic acid. The additive is humic acid or diatomaceous earth.

制备方法：将生化抑制剂、增效剂和添加剂混合物通过机械或人工混拌，直接注入熔融状态下的尿素氮肥中混合,即制成增效缓释尿素肥料。Preparation method: The mixture of biochemical inhibitors, synergists and additives is mixed mechanically or manually, and directly injected into the urea nitrogen fertilizer in the molten state for mixing, so as to make synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer.

所述脲酶抑制剂：N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺，硫代磷酸三酰胺，苯基磷酰二胺,硫代磷酰三胺,对苯二酚，磷酰三胺或硫代硫酸铵;所述增效剂为分子量为：6001～100000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸，The urease inhibitor: N-butyl phosphorothioate, phosphorothioate triamide, phenyl phosphorodiamide, phosphorothioate, hydroquinone, phosphorotriamide or thiosulfuric acid Ammonium; the synergist is polyaspartic acid with a molecular weight of 6001 to 100000 and a structural formula such as formula 1,

式1Formula 1

或为分子量：2000～6000、结构式如式2的聚天门冬氨酸，Or polyaspartic acid with a molecular weight of 2000-6000 and a structural formula such as formula 2,

式2Formula 2

本发明专利具有如下优点：The invention patent has the following advantages:

1.本发明肥料中将脲酶抑制剂与PASP结合后制成肥料复合增效剂，可有效延长尿素（酰胺）态氮肥肥效期，使肥效期从30天延长到120天，肥料总有效期达到120～135天。1. In the fertilizer of the present invention, the urease inhibitor and PASP are combined to make a fertilizer compound synergist, which can effectively prolong the fertilizer effect period of urea (amide) nitrogen fertilizer, prolong the fertilizer effect period from 30 days to 120 days, and the total fertilizer validity period reaches 120 days. ~135 days.

2.本发明的肥料可显著改善作物对氮素的吸收利用效果，增加植株对氮素的吸收量，提高肥料的利用率，提高肥料利用率达20－40％，减少肥料用量20％—30％。2. The fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve the effect of nitrogen absorption and utilization by crops, increase the absorption of nitrogen by plants, improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, increase the utilization rate of fertilizers by 20-40%, and reduce the amount of fertilizers by 20%-30% %.

3.本发明肥料能增加农产品中蛋白质、氨基酸和脂肪等营养物质的含量，同时对肥料具有很强的鳌合富集功能，增加作物所需的微量元素在土壤中的有效富集量，促进作物对其它营养元素的吸收。吸收促进率可达3－5倍。可使氮吸收率提高60％以上，磷吸收率可提高5％以上，钾吸收率可提高18％以上，微量元素吸收率可提高20％－30％。3. The fertilizer of the present invention can increase the content of nutrients such as protein, amino acid and fat in agricultural products, and has a strong chelating and enriching function for fertilizers at the same time, increasing the effective enrichment of trace elements required by crops in soil, and promoting Uptake of other nutrients by crops. The absorption promotion rate can reach 3-5 times. It can increase the absorption rate of nitrogen by more than 60%, that of phosphorus by more than 5%, that of potassium by more than 18%, and that of trace elements by 20%-30%.

4．本发明肥料使脲酶抑制剂延长尿素肥效作用与PASP肥料增效作用互补，尿素肥效期明显延长，充分发挥了脲酶抑制剂和PASP增效剂两种物质结合对肥料增效的协同或促进吸收利用作用。4. The fertilizer of the invention makes the urease inhibitor and the PASP synergist complement each other to prolong the effect of urea fertilizer and the synergistic effect of the PASP fertilizer. effect.

5．采用本发明肥料一次基施氮肥可满足作物整个生长季对氮素的需要，农业生产省工、省时。大大降低农民劳动强度和生产成本。5. The one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer by the fertilizer of the invention can meet the needs of crops for nitrogen in the whole growing season, and save labor and time in agricultural production. Greatly reduce farmers' labor intensity and production costs.

6.本发明的肥料生产成本低，制备操作简单，环境友好，绿色环保。本发明采用的原料脲酶抑制剂和增效剂PASP都是廉价、高效，无污染，增效剂PASP是高分子氨基酸的聚合物即多肽，在土壤中无任何残留。实现了环境友好的长效（缓释）尿素的生产。6. The fertilizer of the present invention is low in production cost, simple in preparation and operation, friendly to the environment, and environmentally friendly. The raw material urease inhibitor and synergist PASP used in the present invention are cheap, efficient and non-polluting, and the synergist PASP is a high-molecular amino acid polymer, that is, a polypeptide, without any residue in the soil. The production of environmentally friendly long-acting (slow-release) urea is realized.

7.本发明的肥料效果好。本发明的增效缓释氮素肥料具有天然、广谱、安全、高效的优点，适用于各类植物和土壤。施入土壤中对作物有显著的抗病、抗旱和抗倒伏作用，可有效地提高土壤储存养分的能力，并且对后茬作物具有一定效果。同时可以用于喷施、根施或浸种。使用本发明的肥料可使粮食增产8－30％，蔬菜增产14－60％，经济作物增产30％以上。明显改善作物品质，提高商品等级。7. The fertilizer effect of the present invention is good. The synergistic slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of the invention has the advantages of naturalness, broad spectrum, safety and high efficiency, and is suitable for various plants and soils. Applied into the soil, it has significant disease resistance, drought resistance and lodging resistance for crops, can effectively improve the ability of the soil to store nutrients, and has a certain effect on subsequent crops. It can also be used for spraying, root application or seed soaking. Using the fertilizer of the invention can increase the output of grains by 8-30%, vegetables by 14-60%, and economic crops by more than 30%. Significantly improve crop quality and improve commodity grade.

8.制备本发明增效氮素肥料时，其克服了直接包膜肥料生产成本高的缺点，氮素进入土壤后转化快、养分易流失的缺点，成本在同类肥料中最低。在有效时间上完全可以代替肥效期相对较短的包膜肥料。8. When preparing the synergistic nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, it overcomes the disadvantages of high production cost of directly coated fertilizers, the disadvantages of rapid transformation of nitrogen after entering the soil, and easy loss of nutrients, and the cost is the lowest among similar fertilizers. In terms of effective time, it can completely replace the coated fertilizer with a relatively short fertilizer effect period.

9.本发明的增效氮素可进行工业化生产，在氮素肥料合成工业化生产的操作流程中，在肥料熔融状态的流程装置前增设添加生化抑制剂和增效剂的混合物的加入装置，通过此装置注入肥料中，易于进行工业化大规模生产。9. The synergistic nitrogen of the present invention can carry out suitability for industrialized production, and in the operating process of nitrogenous fertilizer synthetic suitability for industrialized production, before the process device of fertilizer melting state, add the adding device of the mixture of adding biochemical inhibitor and synergist, by The device is injected into the fertilizer and is easy to carry out industrialized large-scale production.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

实施例1：Example 1:

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份尿素颗粒为基准，0.25份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺、0.05份PASP、5份乙基纤维素共聚物、工业乙醇溶液500ml；其中尿素颗粒中含氮46.3％、粒径为0.5mm，所述分子量为：40000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Use urea as nitrogen source to prepare synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of urea granules, 0.25 parts of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide, 0.05 parts of PASP, and 5 parts of ethyl cellulose copolymer 1. Industrial ethanol solution 500ml; Wherein the urea granule contains 46.3% nitrogen, the particle diameter is 0.5mm, and the molecular weight is: 40000, the polyaspartic acid of structural formula such as formula 1.

制备方法：Preparation:

1）配制悬浮溶液：将5份乙基纤维素的共聚物溶入500ml工业乙醇溶液中，再将0.25份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺与0.05份PASP混合均匀后加入，搅拌均匀的共聚物组成混合悬浮溶液，待用。1) Preparation of suspension solution: Dissolve 5 parts of ethyl cellulose copolymer into 500ml of industrial ethanol solution, then mix 0.25 part of N-butylphosphorothioate and 0.05 part of PASP and add, stir well The copolymer forms a mixed suspension solution, which is ready for use.

2）利用流化床涂布技术，将配制好的混合悬浮溶液置于流化床液灌中，同时将100份中含氮46.3％的尿素颗粒由肥料进料口注入喷射塔中进行流化，而后随流化床的运行将悬浮溶液通过流量控制器由雾化喷头均匀地涂布在尿素颗粒表面，最终制得含氮43.9％的增效缓释尿素肥料。流化床运行的参数为进风温度60℃，压缩空气压强0.35Pa，喷头雾化压0.05Pa。2) Using fluidized bed coating technology, put the prepared mixed suspension solution in the fluidized bed tank, and at the same time inject 100 parts of urea particles containing 46.3% nitrogen into the spray tower from the fertilizer feed port for fluidization , and then with the operation of the fluidized bed, the suspension solution is evenly coated on the surface of the urea particles by the atomizing nozzle through the flow controller, and finally a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer containing 43.9% nitrogen is obtained. The operating parameters of the fluidized bed are the inlet air temperature of 60°C, the compressed air pressure of 0.35Pa, and the nozzle atomization pressure of 0.05Pa.

并且在造粒前再添加磷、钾和某些中微量元素如钙、镁、硫、铁、硼、锰、铜、锌、钼、氯、硅一种或几种混合均匀，添加万分之一至百分之一，通过机械造粒制成多元素增效长效复合肥料。And before granulation, add phosphorus, potassium and some medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, chlorine, silicon and mix them evenly. One to one percent, made of multi-element synergistic long-acting compound fertilizer through mechanical granulation.

实施例2：Example 2:

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份尿素颗粒为基准，0.1份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺、1份PASP、6份乙基纤维素、乙醚溶液500ml；其中尿素颗粒中含氮46.3％、粒径为1mm，所述分子量为：60000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of urea granules, 0.1 part of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide, 1 part of PASP, 6 parts of ethyl cellulose, and ether 500ml of solution; wherein the urea granules contain 46.3% nitrogen, the particle diameter is 1mm, the molecular weight is: 60000, and the polyaspartic acid with the structural formula as formula 1.

制备方法：Preparation:

1）配制悬浮溶液：将6份乙基纤维素共聚物溶入500ml乙醚溶液中，再将1份PASP与0.1份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺混合均匀后加入，搅拌均匀的共聚物组成混合悬浮溶液，待用。1) Preparation of suspension solution: Dissolve 6 parts of ethyl cellulose copolymer into 500ml ether solution, then mix 1 part of PASP and 0.1 part of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide evenly and then add, stir the copolymer evenly Compose a mixed suspension solution for use.

2）将配制好的混合悬浮溶液置于流化床液灌中，同时将100份中含氮46.3％的尿素颗粒由肥料进料口注入喷射塔中进行流化，而后随流化床的运行将悬浮溶液通过流量控制器由雾化喷头均匀地涂布在尿素颗粒表面，最终制得含氮43.0％的增效缓释尿素肥料。流化床运行参数为进风温度60℃，压缩空气压强0.35Pa，喷头雾化压0.05Pa。2) Put the prepared mixed suspension solution in the liquid tank of the fluidized bed, and at the same time inject 100 parts of urea particles containing 46.3% nitrogen from the fertilizer feed port into the spray tower for fluidization, and then follow the operation of the fluidized bed The suspension solution is evenly coated on the surface of the urea granules by the atomizing nozzle through the flow controller, and finally a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer containing 43.0% nitrogen is prepared. The operating parameters of the fluidized bed are the inlet air temperature of 60°C, the compressed air pressure of 0.35Pa, and the nozzle atomization pressure of 0.05Pa.

实施例3：Example 3:

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份尿素颗粒为基准，100份PASP、10份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺、10份乙基纤维素共聚物、工业乙醇溶液1000ml；其中尿素颗粒中含氮46.3％、粒径为2mm，所述分子量为：80000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Use urea as nitrogen source to prepare synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of urea granules, 100 parts of PASP, 10 parts of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide, and 10 parts of ethyl cellulose copolymer 1000ml of industrial ethanol solution; wherein the urea granules contain 46.3% nitrogen, the particle diameter is 2mm, and the molecular weight is: 80000, polyaspartic acid with structural formula such as formula 1.

制备方法：Preparation:

1）配制悬浮溶液：将10份乙基纤维素共聚物溶入1000ml工业乙醇溶液中，再将100份PASP与10份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺混合均匀后加入，搅拌均匀的共聚物组成混合悬浮溶液，待用。1) Preparation of suspension solution: Dissolve 10 parts of ethyl cellulose copolymer into 1000ml of industrial ethanol solution, then mix 100 parts of PASP and 10 parts of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide, add them, and stir evenly for copolymerization substances to form a mixed suspension solution for use.

2）将配制好的混合悬浮溶液置于液灌中，同时将100份中含氮46.3％的尿素颗粒由肥料进料口注入喷射塔中进行流化，而后随流化床的运行将悬浮溶液通过流量控制器由雾化喷头均匀地涂布在尿素颗粒表面，最终制得含氮21.0％的增效缓释尿素肥料。其中：流化床运行参数为进风温度75℃，压缩空气压强0.65Pa，喷头雾化压0.15Pa。2) Put the prepared mixed suspension solution in the liquid irrigation, and at the same time, inject 100 parts of urea particles containing 46.3% nitrogen from the fertilizer feed port into the spray tower for fluidization, and then the suspension solution will be fluidized with the operation of the fluidized bed The urea granule surface is evenly coated by an atomizing nozzle through a flow controller, and finally a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer containing 21.0% nitrogen is prepared. Among them: the operating parameters of the fluidized bed are the inlet air temperature 75°C, the compressed air pressure 0.65Pa, and the nozzle atomization pressure 0.15Pa.

实施例4：Example 4:

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，0.05份PASP、0.4份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺和8份腐植酸；其中尿素原料含氮46.3％，所述分子量为：20000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 0.05 parts of PASP, 0.4 parts of N-butylthiophosphoric triamide and 8 parts of humic acid; of which urea The raw material contains 46.3% nitrogen, and the molecular weight is: 20,000, and the polyaspartic acid with the structural formula as formula 1.

制备方法：Preparation:

1）将8份腐植酸、0.4份N－丁基硫代磷酰三胺和0.05份PASP混合搅拌均匀，组成混合物，待用。1) Mix and stir 8 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of N-butylphosphorothioate and 0.05 part of PASP evenly to form a mixture for use.

2）将100份含氮46.3％的粉状尿素肥料置于容器中，同时将配制好的上述混合物置于容器中，进行机械或人工搅拌，使上述混合物均匀的与粉状尿素混合，最终制得含氮39.2％的增效缓释尿素肥料。2) Put 100 parts of powdered urea fertilizer containing 46.3% nitrogen in a container, and at the same time put the above-mentioned mixture in the container, and perform mechanical or manual stirring, so that the above-mentioned mixture is uniformly mixed with powdered urea, and the final preparation A synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer containing 39.2% nitrogen was obtained.

实施例5Example 5

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，80份PASP、2份硫代磷酸三酰胺和20份硅藻土，所述分子量为：6000、结构式如式2的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 80 parts of PASP, 2 parts of thiophosphoric acid triamide and 20 parts of diatomaceous earth. The molecular weight is: 6000 , polyaspartic acid having a structural formula such as formula 2.

实施例6Example 6

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，0.8份PASP、8份苯基磷酰二胺和10份硅藻土所述分子量为：4000、结构式如式2的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 0.8 parts of PASP, 8 parts of phenylphosphoramide and 10 parts of diatomaceous earth. The molecular weight is: 4000 , polyaspartic acid having a structural formula such as formula 2.

实施例7Example 7

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，35份PASP、0.9份硫代磷酰三胺，所述分子量为：2000、结构式如式2的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 35 parts of PASP, and 0.9 part of thiophosphoric triamide. The molecular weight is: 2000, and the structural formula is as in formula 2 of polyaspartic acid.

实施例8Example 8

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，15份PASP、7份对苯二酚，所述分子量为：6001、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer is prepared. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 15 parts of PASP, and 7 parts of hydroquinone. The molecular weight is: 6001, and the poly Aspartic acid.

制备方法：Preparation:

1）将15份PASP、7份对苯二酚混合搅拌均匀通过机械或人工混拌后，组成混合物，待用。1) Mix and stir 15 parts of PASP and 7 parts of hydroquinone evenly through mechanical or manual mixing to form a mixture for use.

2）将100份粉状尿素肥料置于容器中，同时将配制好的上述混合物置于容器中，进行机械或人工搅拌，使上述混合物均匀的与粉状尿素混合，最终制得增效缓释尿素肥料,2) Put 100 parts of powdered urea fertilizer in a container, and at the same time put the prepared mixture in the container, and perform mechanical or manual stirring, so that the above mixture is evenly mixed with powdered urea, and finally a synergistic slow-release fertilizer is obtained. urea fertilizer,

或将15份PASP、7份对苯二酚和熔融状态下的100份粉状尿素肥料直接混合造粒，即制成增效缓释尿素肥料.Or directly mix and granulate 15 parts of PASP, 7 parts of hydroquinone and 100 parts of powdered urea fertilizer in molten state to make synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer.

实施例9Example 9

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，50份PASP、3份磷酰三胺，所述分子量为：100000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source, a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer is prepared. The raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 50 parts of PASP, and 3 parts of phosphoric triamide. The molecular weight is: 100000, and the poly Aspartic acid.

实施例10Example 10

以尿素为氮源，制备增效缓释尿素肥料，原料为：以100份粉状尿素为基准，85份PASP、5份硫代硫酸铵，所述分子量为：10000、结构式如式1的聚天门冬氨酸。Using urea as a nitrogen source to prepare a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer, the raw materials are: based on 100 parts of powdered urea, 85 parts of PASP, 5 parts of ammonium thiosulfate, the molecular weight is: 10000, and the poly Aspartic acid.

本发明采用的尿素为农业生产所用固态、液态肥料或化工产品，同时本发明肥料所采用的增效剂均可为分子量为6001-100000式1或分子量为2000-6000式2的PASP。The urea used in the present invention is a solid or liquid fertilizer or chemical product used in agricultural production, and the synergist used in the fertilizer of the present invention can be PASP with a molecular weight of 6001-100000 formula 1 or a molecular weight of 2000-6000 formula 2.

Claims (5)

1. Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer; It is characterized in that: fertilizer component is urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent, tackiness agent and organic solvent; Wherein urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and tackiness agent are counted=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1:0.05-0.1 by ratio of weight and the number of copies, organic solvent 5-10ml; Said biochemical restrainer is: urease inhibitor, synergistic agent is: poly-aspartic-acid.

2. by the described Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tackiness agent is TKK 021 or TKK 021 multipolymer.

3. by the described Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said urease inhibitor: N-NBPT, thiophosphoric acid triamide, phenyl phosphoryl diamine, thiophosphoryl triamide, phosphoryl triamide or ammonium thiosulfate; Said synergistic agent is that molecular weight is: 6001～100000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid,

Formula 1

Or be molecular weight: 2000～6000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid,

Formula 2.

4. preparation method by the described Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the aaerosol solution of biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and tackiness agent and organic solvent is passed through fluidized-bed; Be sprayed on the urea nitrogenous fertilizer surface under the fluidized state, promptly process Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.

5. by the preparation method of the described Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer of claim 4, it is characterized in that: when adopting fluidized-bed evenly to spray, the EAT in the fluidized-bed is 60～75 ℃, pressurized air pressure 0.35～0.65Pa, and 0.05～0.15Pa is pressed in the shower nozzle atomizing.