CN102746884B

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN102746884B
Application number: CN201210248290.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李长东; 陈清后; 余海军
Original assignee: Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-07-17
Filing date: 2012-07-17
Publication date: 2014-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-17
Also published as: CN102746884A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for recycling oil products of a scrapped car. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting waste engine oil in the scrapped car, preparing activated clay, pretreating waste engine oil, pickling and settling the waste engine oil, blending and distilling the waste engine oil and the activated clay, filtering the distilled waste engine oil and the like. The device comprises a pickling and settling tank, a distilling kettle and a plate-and-frame press filter which are connected sequentially. The method provided by the invention only needs continuous primary settlement-activated clay distilling, and then the recycled oil requirement is reached through filtering, and the operation working procedures are reduced greatly; and the distilling and clay blending are combined into a working procedure, the consumption of the activated clay can be reduced obviously, and the recycled oil yield is improved by 10-15%. The periphery of the settling tank is provided with a temperature preservation layer, the oil products in the whole settling period can be at the ideal state, the annular flow of the settled oil caused by the temperature difference between the external environment and the oil is prevented, and a better settling effect can be achieved.

Description

A kind of method and device that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method and device that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized.

Background technology

The recycling of automobile waste machine oil has very important meaning.First economize on resources, turn waste into wealth, be conducive to making full use of of petroleum resources.According to statistics, annual 1700 ten thousand gallons of the useless automobile engine oils that produce in U.S. Alabama state, provide power if these used oil recovery will be can be to 5000 automobiles.If the automobile engine oil of China reclaims 50%, be actually equivalent to build 12 refinerys.In view of this, the regeneration processing and utilization of automobile engine oil can produce huge economic benefit.Next is to be conducive to prevent the pollution of the environment, and avoids the contaminated and maintaining ecological balance of soil, waters.

The quality of oil product is decided by the content of hydrocarbon, account for 10-25%, most of hydrocarbon is the main viscosity carrier of lubricating oil, (refers to that oil product is oxidized, evaporation as long as remove decay material, the material that additive lost efficacy and separated out), just waste oil regeneration can be become to the satisfactory base oil of quality.The regeneration rate of used oil generally can reach more than 50%, and 1000kg crude oil can only refine base oil 300kg, and the renewable 700kg～900kg of 1000kg used oil base oil.

Machine oil on the automobile of abandoned car pretreatment stage accounts for the 7-10% of vehicle liquid total amount, wherein cooling fluid average out to 13-18L; Lubricant of Automobile Engine 6-10L, recyclable 75-85%; Transmission oil 10-12L, recyclable 90-92%; Wheel, machinery oil 4-6L, refrigerant fluid oil 0.5-1L, steering oil 1.0-1.5L, these three kinds of recyclable 68-80% of oil.

Mainly contain for the recycling technique of machine oil both at home and abroad at present: distillation-pickling-clay-filtered technique, this technique is a tradition and ancient operational path, at present domestic have 2/3 producer to adopt this technique, technical process is comparatively simple, cost of equipment is lower, goes for the used oil of any type.H₂sO₄add-on is because of oily different, generally below 10%.Carclazyte consumption is also because of oil quality and different to the required quality of recovered oil.The rate of recovery of recovered oil is generally in 70% left and right, of low quality, only can make low-grade oil, and the acid sludge problem that this technique produces does not solve so far completely, has formed the secondary pollution of waste residue and spent bleaching clay, waste water.

The contact of carclazyte high temperature is the exquisite technique of anacidity of exploitation recent years without acid regeneration process, and domestic have 3 factories to apply, and is characterized in having cancelled H₂sO₄purification step.Oil product, after carclazyte fore-distillation, is sent into tubular type-distillation associating refining plant circulating-heating refining, injected water steam in fluorescent tube, in refining, temperature is 360-380 ℃, additive at high temperature with in carclazyte catalytic Contact is decomposed, and in order to prevent oil oxidation, cooling adds about 0.2%T501 after filtering.This technique regeneration oil quality is good, but because this technique is in fact the improvement technique of distillation-clay-filtered technique, exist carclazyte consumption large (being greater than 10%) and the factor such as the machine oil rate of recovery lower (being generally less than 80%), equipment, boiler tube may be stopped up, operational condition is comparatively harsh, therefore should not promote in China.

At present comparatively desirable treatment process is sedimentation-flocculation-clay-filtered technique, is characterized in flocculation agent, the carbon granule in waste oil, micelle, bituminous matter, greasy filth etc. being condensed after sedimentation, removes by centrifuging, crosses the filter residue of filtration and can make ink raw materials.This technique has also been removed H₂sO₄purification step, but because flocculation only can have been removed part greasy filth and carbon granule, in waste oil, most of undesirable components is not refined, moves problem after also having produced contradiction, therefore oil quality is not good enough, the oil of need to becoming reconciled is mixed converts use.Another difficult problem that this technique need solve is not yet to find a kind of coagulating agent that can be general, and flocculation solvent recuperation problem, therefore so far also among improving.

In world wide, the development of technology of waste oil regenerating technology substantially experienced in acid, wash, without the process of pickling, hydrogenation method.And China is still in relatively backward state of the art, belongs to superseded and so on distillation-pickling-clay-filtered technique and accounted for leading position.The fatal shortcoming of these techniques is: after waste oil regeneration, can produce secondary pollution, form acid sludge, spent bleaching clay and the waste water of serious environment pollution, be difficult to process.Thereby also cause this technique competitive capacity to decline.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcoming and deficiency of prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized of realizing aforesaid method.

Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The method that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized, comprises the following steps:

(1) collect the used oil in abandoned car, comprise various oil plants and waste liquid, as the machine oil in residual fuel oil, engine casing in fuel tank, transmission oil, cooling fluid, braking fluid and lubricated wet goods, these waste liquids reclaim respectively pending by different pipelines;

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get distilled water and wilkinite and mix in the ratio of 1L:1.5kg, then add the hydrochloric acid that accounts for wilkinite quality 10-20%, stir, then react 2-3h under 90-120 ℃, 2MPa; Add again distilled water (volume that adds to reactant accounts for the half of reaction vessel volume) and Silver Nitrate, after reaction 15min, generate white precipitate; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid is outwelled, after precipitation is drained, is dried, is pulverized, obtain atlapulgite;

This atlapulgite is take wilkinite and hydrochloric acid as raw material, preparation method is simply pollution-free, effect is more effective than existing atlapulgite, except having physical and chemical adsorption ability and decoloring ability, can also further improve the performance of oil product, the color that makes oil product, viscosity and electric property and all be significantly improved, this atlapulgite can also be as the additive that improves hardness;

(3) used oil pre-treatment: layering after used oil leaves standstill, except the water of sub-cloud, then solids removed by filtration and suspended substance;

(4) used oil pickling sedimentation: used oil is mixed with acid solution, constantly stir, be heated to 50-80 ℃, sedimentation 4-8h, then removes mechanical impurity and the moisture of bottom, and remaining used oil enters next step;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: the object of distillation is that the moisture in waste oil and impurity oil are steamed out, to guarantee that recovered oil has qualified flash-point and viscosity.Its operation is as follows: get the used oil after pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, start heating; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, fully stir, now should keep heat-up rate slowly, prevent bumping; After stirring 20-30min, stop stirring, accelerate heat-up rate; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 280-310 ℃, start to be blown into water vapour, the temperature that maintains used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reach the viscosity and flash-point of expection to used oil till;

(6) used oil after distillation obtains the machine oil of regenerating after filtering;

The described wilkinite of step (2) is 80-200 order;

The usage quantity of the described Silver Nitrate of step (2) be before and after twice distilled water add-on 0.5-1%(in mass);

Described dry of step (2) is to be dried to moisture 3-6%;

The described pulverizing of step (2) is to be crushed to cross 150-200 mesh sieve;

The described filtration of step (3) can be with 200 object filter-cloth filterings;

The usage quantity of the described acid solution of step (4) is the 5-6% of used oil volume;

The described acid solution of step (4) is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid;

The atlapulgite that step (5) is described and the amount ratio of used oil are 50-100g:1L; After adding, atlapulgite needs abundant stirring, being convenient to carclazyte fully contacts with the impurity in oil, if the short carclazyte size distribution of reaction contact time is irregular, its active adsorption area fully expansion can cause reacting insufficient, and the time, the oversize oil product that easily causes was in hot conditions accelerated oxidation;

The always amount of being blown into of the described water vapour of step (5) is 10% of reactant (being used oil and atlapulgite) volume, distillation is that lower boiling machine oil is separated, moisture content in waste oil is thoroughly removed, be blown into water vapor in order to drive away air (oxygen), prevent exploding;

The described filtration of step (6) can be filtered with plate-and-frame filter press.

The alternative base oil of regeneration machine oil, regenerated liquid force feed or the white mineral oil that obtain use.

For realizing the device that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized of aforesaid method, comprise pickling subsider, still kettle and plate-and-frame filter press, three connects successively;

The cylindrical tank that described pickling subsider is conical bottom, the angle of the surface of its conical bottom and circular cone axis is 30-60 °; The periphery of cylindrical tank is thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation layer is solid construction, by PVC(polyvinyl chloride) or RPP(Reinforced Polypropylene) make, this thermal insulation layer can be avoided the circulation of outside atmosphere and the oily caused sedimentation oil of the temperature difference, can obtain better effect of settling; The conical lower section of pickling subsider is provided with wash water valve, and this wash water valve is the entrance of used oil, is also after pickling sedimentation, to discharge mechanical impurity to use; The middle and lower part of pickling subsider arranges heating tube, and a pipe Heating temperature can reach 110-150 ℃;

The diameter of described cylindrical tank and the preferred 1.5:1 of ratio highly;

In pickling settling process, pickling subsider is only heated to default temperature in the time starting, and does not reheat afterwards.

Described still kettle is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom equally, is provided with stirrer in still; Charging opening is arranged at its top, is convenient to add atlapulgite; The bottom of still kettle tank body is provided with wash water valve, and the position corresponding to wash water valve in still is provided with filter screen, to hold back waste residue; At the bottom of the conical still of still kettle, be provided with outlet, to allow the machine oil having distilled flow to plate-and-frame filter press; In still kettle, be also provided with heating tube.

Pickling subsider is connected with programmable logic controller (PLC) with the heating tube in still kettle, is controlled, to realize the heating to the material in pickling subsider and still kettle by PLC.

The volume read-out of still kettle reaches 2/3 of still volume and is advisable in the time starting to distillate with used oil; When distillation procedure, in still, be normal pressure, when distillation finishes, first cease fire and open the beneath valve of still, Residual oil is got rid of.

Described plate-and-frame filter press belongs to prior art, be by each piece filter frame oil strain individually, enter in filter a frame from the passage of the pore structure of filter plate containing the oil of solid particle polluter, see through again filter paper and filter cloth and enter the minor groove on filter plate, flow to filter plate lower end, emit through fuel tap; Described plate-and-frame filter press can be realized the depth type filtration to oil product.

Preferably, can mounting teeth wheel pump between pickling subsider and still kettle.Described toothed gear pump is the thing that belongs to prior art.Used oil after pickling sedimentation flows to still kettle by toothed gear pump; The driving toothed gear of toothed gear pump drives follower gear reverse rotation, when two gear rotations, the machine oil being filled between gear tooth slot takes out oil pocket along oil pump shell wall to by oil suction chamber, in oil suction chamber one side because be out of gear engagement and machine oil are constantly taken out of and produced vacuum, make the machine oil in oil pan enter oil suction chamber through collecting filter under barometric point effect, and going out oil pocket one side because gear enters engagement and machine oil is constantly brought into and produced squeezing action, machine oil is admitted to pressuring oil pipe with certain pressure and enters still kettle.Toothed gear pump only need once rotate the process that has just simultaneously completed suction, oil extraction, and efficiency is high.

The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:

(1) existing waste oil recoverying and utilizing method needs distill repeatedly-flushing 3-4 time, and method of the present invention only needs the distillation of a continuous sedimentation-active earths, then after filtering, just reaches the requirement of recovered oil, has greatly saved operation sequence.

(2) method of the present invention has adopted the atlapulgite of only system, and the preparation method of this atlapulgite is simpler than existing carclazyte, and adsorption effect is high, can better realize the Adsorption to impurity in used oil.

(3) distillation and carclazyte blend are combined into an operation by method of the present invention, can make the consumption of atlapulgite significantly reduce, and recovered oil yield improves 10-15%.

(4) periphery of apparatus of the present invention settling bath is provided with thermal insulation layer, can guarantee that in whole sedimentation period oil product is in perfect condition, avoids the circulation of outside atmosphere and the oily caused sedimentation oil of the temperature difference, can obtain better effect of settling.

(5) used oil is to contain very polymicticly gently, to be heavily worth mixing oil, if add hydrochloric acid, the easy condensation of the inhomogeneous stirring of alkali and form coke, acid sludge before distillation and in still-process.Device of the present invention has been installed stirrer in still kettle, can significantly reduce hydrochloric acid consumption and acid sludge amount.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 2 one kinds of devices that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized of the embodiment of the present invention; Wherein, the inflow direction of used oil after 1-pre-treatment, the thermal insulation layer of 2-pickling subsider, 3-pickling subsider, 4-toothed gear pump, 5-heating tube, 6-stirrer, 7-opening for feed, 8-still kettle, 9-residual cake valve, 10-filter screen, 11-valve, 12-pump, 13-flame filter press.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.

Embodiment 1

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get distilled water and wilkinite (150 order) by the ratio mixing of 1L:1.5kg, then add the hydrochloric acid that accounts for wilkinite quality 15%, stir, then react 2.5h under 100 ℃, 2MPa; Add again distilled water (volume that adds to reactant accounts for the half of reaction vessel volume) and Silver Nitrate, after reaction 15min, generate white precipitate; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid is outwelled, after precipitation is drained, is dried, is pulverized, obtain atlapulgite;

The usage quantity of Silver Nitrate be before and after twice distilled water add-on 1%(in mass);

(3) used oil pre-treatment: layering after used oil leaves standstill, except the water of sub-cloud, then remove solid and suspended substance with 200 object filter-cloth filterings;

(4) used oil pickling sedimentation: used oil is mixed with acid solution, constantly stir, be heated to 65 ℃, sedimentation 6h, then removes mechanical impurity and the moisture of bottom, and remaining used oil enters next step;

The usage quantity of acid solution is the 5-6% of used oil volume; The acid solution adopting is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: get the used oil after pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, start heating; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, fully stir, now should keep heat-up rate slowly, prevent bumping; After stirring 20-30min, stop stirring, accelerate heat-up rate; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 300 ℃, start to be blown into water vapour, the temperature that maintains used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reach the viscosity and flash-point of expection to used oil till;

The amount ratio of atlapulgite and used oil is 75g:1L; The always amount of being blown into of water vapour is 10% of reactant (being used oil and atlapulgite) volume;

(6) used oil after distillation obtains the machine oil of regeneration after filtering.

The relevant performance index of the machine oil of the regeneration obtaining are as shown in the table, and the alternative base oil of this regeneration machine oil, regenerated liquid force feed or white mineral oil use.

Embodiment 2

For realizing the device that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized of method described inembodiment 1, its structure as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises picklingsubsider 3, stillkettle 8 and plate-and-frame filter press 13, and three connects successively;

The cylindrical tank that thepickling subsider 3 adopting is conical bottom.The periphery of cylindrical tank isthermal insulation layer 2,thermal insulation layer 2 is solid constructions, by PVC(polyvinyl chloride) or RPP(Reinforced Polypropylene) make, thisthermal insulation layer 2 can be avoided the circulation of outside atmosphere and the oily caused sedimentation oil of the temperature difference, can obtain better effect of settling; The conical lower section of picklingsubsider 3 is provided with wash water valve, and this wash water valve is the entrance of used oil, is also after pickling sedimentation, to discharge mechanical impurity to use; The middle and lower part of picklingsubsider 3 arranges 5, one pipe Heating temperatures of heating tube can reach 110-150 ℃;

The diameter of cylindrical tank is 1.5:1 with the ratio of height;

In pickling settling process, 3 of pickling subsiders are heated to default temperature in the time starting, and do not reheat afterwards.

The stillkettle 8 adopting is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom equally, is provided with stirrer 6 in still; Charging opening 7 is arranged at its top, is convenient to add atlapulgite; The bottom of stillkettle 8 tank bodies is provided with wash water valve 9, in still 8, is provided withfilter screen 10 corresponding to the position of wash water valve 9, to hold back waste residue; At the bottom of the conical still of stillkettle 8, be provided with outlet, to allow the machine oil having distilled flow to plate-and-frame filter press 13; In stillkettle 8, be also provided withheating tube 5.

Picklingsubsider 3 is connected with programmable logic controller (PLC) with theheating tube 5 in stillkettle 8, is controlled, to realize the heating to the material in picklingsubsider 3 and stillkettle 8 by PLC.

The volume read-out of stillkettle 8reaches 2/3 of still volume and is advisable in the time starting to distillate with used oil; When distillation procedure, in still, be normal pressure, when distillation finishes, first cease fire and open the beneath outlet of still, Residual oil is got rid of.

The plate-and-frame filter press 13 adopting belongs to prior art, be by each piece filter frame oil strain individually, enter in filter a frame from the passage of the pore structure of filter plate containing the oil of solid particle polluter, see through again filter paper and filter cloth and enter the minor groove on filter plate, flow to filter plate lower end, emit through fuel tap; Described plate-and-frame filter press 13 can be realized the depth type filtration to oil product.

Can mountingteeth wheel pump 4 betweenpickling subsider 3 and still kettle 8.Describedtoothed gear pump 4 is the things that belong to prior art.Used oil after pickling sedimentation flows to stillkettle 8 bytoothed gear pump 4; The driving toothed gear oftoothed gear pump 4 drives follower gear reverse rotation, when two gear rotations, the machine oil being filled between gear tooth slot takes out oil pocket along oil pump shell wall to by oil suction chamber, in oil suction chamber one side because be out of gear engagement and machine oil are constantly taken out of and produced vacuum, make the machine oil in oil pan enter oil suction chamber through collecting filter under barometric point effect, and going out oil pocket one side because gear enters engagement and machine oil is constantly brought into and produced squeezing action, machine oil is admitted to pressuring oil pipe with certain pressure and enters still kettle 8.4 of toothed gear pumps need once rotate the process that has just simultaneously completed suction, oil extraction, and efficiency is high.

Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a method of abandoned car Oil Recovery being utilized, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) collect the used oil in abandoned car;

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get distilled water and wilkinite and mix in the ratio of 1L:1.5kg, then add the hydrochloric acid that accounts for wilkinite quality 10-20%, stir, then react 2-3h under 90-120 ℃, 2 MPa; Add again distilled water and Silver Nitrate, after reaction 15min, generate white precipitate; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid is outwelled, after precipitation is drained, is dried, is pulverized, obtain atlapulgite;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: get the used oil after pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, start heating; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, after stirring 20-30min, stop stirring heat temperature raising; In the time that used oil temperature reaches 280-310 ℃, start to be blown into water vapour, the temperature that maintains used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reach the viscosity and flash-point of expection to used oil till;

The usage quantity of the described Silver Nitrate of step (2) is the 0.5-1% of the twice distilled water add-on in front and back;

The atlapulgite that step (5) is described and the amount ratio of used oil are 50-100g:1L;

The always amount of being blown into of the described water vapour of step (5) is 10% of reactant volume.

2. the method that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described filtration of step (3) is with 200 object filter-cloth filterings.

3. the method that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described acid solution of step (4) is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid.

4. the method that abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described filtration of step (6) is to filter with plate-and-frame filter press.