CN102746884A - Method and device for recycling oil products of scrapped car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for recycling oil products of a scrapped car. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting waste engine oil in the scrapped car, preparing activated clay, pretreating waste engine oil, pickling and settling the waste engine oil, blending and distilling the waste engine oil and the activated clay, filtering the distilled waste engine oil and the like. The device comprises a pickling and settling tank, a distilling kettle and a plate-and-frame press filter which are connected sequentially. The method provided by the invention only needs continuous primary settlement-activated clay distilling, and then the recycled oil requirement is reached through filtering, and the operation working procedures are reduced greatly; and the distilling and clay blending are combined into a working procedure, the consumption of the activated clay can be reduced obviously, and the recycled oil yield is improved by 10-15%. The periphery of the settling tank is provided with a temperature preservation layer, the oil products in the whole settling period can be at the ideal state, the annular flow of the settled oil caused by the temperature difference between the external environment and the oil is prevented, and a better settling effect can be achieved.

Description

A kind of method and device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method and device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized.

Background technology

The recycling of automobile used oil has crucial meaning.At first economize on resources, turn waste into wealth, help making full use of of petroleum resources.According to statistics, annual 1700 ten thousand gallons in the waste vapour car machine oil that produces in U.S. Alabama state provides power if will can be 5000 automobiles to these used oil recovery.If the automobile engine oil of China reclaims 50%, actually be equivalent to build 12 refinerys.In view of this, the regeneration processing and utilization of automobile engine oil can produce huge economic benefit.Next is to help preventing the pollution of the environment, and avoids soil, the waters is contaminated and maintaining ecological balance.

The quality of oil product is decided by the content of hydrocarbon; Account for 10-25%, most of hydrocarbon is the main viscosity carrier of lubricating oil, (is meant oxidized, the evaporation of oil product as long as remove the decay material; The material that additive lost efficacy and separated out), just can become the satisfactory base oil of quality to waste oil regeneration.The regeneration rate of used oil generally can reach more than 50%, and 1000kg crude oil can only refine base oil 300kg, and the renewable 700kg of 1000kg used oil～900kg base oil.

Machine oil on the automobile of abandoned car pretreatment stage accounts for the 7-10% of vehicle liquid total amount, wherein quench liquid average out to 13-18L; Motor car engine machine oil 6-10L, recyclable 75-85%; Transmission oil 10-12L, recyclable 90-92%; Wheel, machinery oil 4-6L, refrigerant fluid oil 0.5-1L, steering oil 1.0-1.5L, these three kinds of recyclable 68-80% of oil.

The recycling technology that is directed against machine oil at present both at home and abroad mainly contains: distillation-pickling-clay-filtered technology; This technology is a tradition and ancient operational path; At present domestic have 2/3 producer to adopt this technology; Technical process is comparatively simple, and cost of equipment is lower, goes for the used oil of any kind.H₂SO₄Add-on is different because of oil, generally below 10%.The carclazyte consumption is also because of oil quality and different to the required quality of recovered oil.Generally about 70%, of low quality, it is oily only to make low grade for the recovery of recovered oil, and the acid sludge problem that this technology produced solves so far fully, has formed waste residue and useless carclazyte, second pollution of wastewater.

Carclazyte high temperature contact anacidity reclaiming process is the exquisite technology of anacidity of exploitation recent years, and domestic have 3 factories to use, and is characterized in having cancelled H₂SO₄Purification step.Oil product is behind the carclazyte fore-distillation, and it is refining promptly to send into tubular type-distillation associating refining plant circulation heating, injects water vapor in the fluorescent tube; Temperature is 360-380 ℃ in refining; Additive at high temperature with in the carclazyte catalytic Contact is decomposed, and in order to prevent oil oxidation, cooling is filtered the back and added about 0.2%T501.This technology recovered oil quality is good; But because this technology comes down to distill-the improvement technology of clay-filtered technology; Exist carclazyte consumption big (greater than 10%) and the machine oil recovery lower (being generally less than 80%), equipment, boiler tube possibly stopped up, operational condition factor such as harshness comparatively, so should not promote in China.

Comparatively the ideal treatment process is sedimentation-flocculation-clay-filtered technology at present, is characterized in flocculation agent the carbon granule in the waste oil, micelle, bituminous matter, greasy filth etc. being condensed after the sedimentation, removes through centrifuging, crosses filterable filter residue and can make ink raw materials.This technology has also been removed H₂SO₄Purification step, but because flocculation only can have been removed part greasy filth and carbon granule, and most of undesirable components is not made with extra care in the waste oil is moved problem after also having produced contradiction, and so oil quality is not good enough, the oil of need becoming reconciled is mixed converts use.Another difficult problem that this technology need solve is not find a kind of coagulating agent that can be general as yet, and flocculation solvent recuperation problem, so so far also among improving.

In the world wide, the process of washing, do not have pickling, hydrogenation method in the acid has been experienced in the development of technology of waste oil regenerating technology substantially.And China still is in relatively backward state of the art, has belonged to superseded and so on distillation-pickling-clay-filtered technology and has accounted for leading position.The fatal shortcoming of these technologies is: can produce secondary pollution after the waste oil regeneration, form the acid sludge of serious environment pollution, useless carclazyte and waste water, intractable.Thereby also cause this technology competitive capacity to descend.

Summary of the invention

For the shortcoming and deficiency that overcome prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized.

A purpose more of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized of realizing aforesaid method.

The object of the invention is realized through following technical proposals:

A kind of method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized may further comprise the steps:

(1) used oil in the collection abandoned car; Comprise various oil plants and waste liquid; Like the residual fuel oil in the fuel tank, machine oil, transmission oil, quench liquid, braking fluid and lubricated wet goods in the engine casing, these waste liquids reclaim pending respectively through different pipelines;

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get zero(ppm) water and wilkinite mixed, add the hydrochloric acid account for wilkinite quality 10-20% again, stir, under 90-120 ℃, 2MPa, react 2-3h then by 1L:1.5kg; Add zero(ppm) water (it is half that the volume that adds to reactant accounts for the reaction vessel volumetrical) and Silver Nitrate again, generate white precipitate behind the reaction 15min; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid outwelled, with deposition drain, dry, obtain atlapulgite after pulverizing;

This atlapulgite is a raw material with wilkinite and hydrochloric acid; The preparation method is simply pollution-free; Effect is more effective than existing atlapulgite; Except having physical and chemical adsorption ability and decoloring ability, can also further improve the performance of oil product, the color that makes oil product, viscosity and electric property and all be significantly improved, this atlapulgite can also be as the additive that improves hardness;

(3) used oil pre-treatment: used oil leaves standstill the back layering, removes the water of sub-cloud, then solids removed by filtration and suspended substance;

(4) used oil pickling sedimentation: used oil is mixed with acid solution, constantly stir, be heated to 50-80 ℃, sedimentation 4-8h removes the mechanical impurity and the moisture of bottom then, and remaining used oil gets into next step;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: the distillatory purpose is that moisture in the waste oil and impurity oil are steamed, and has qualified flash-point and viscosity to guarantee recovered oil.Its operation is as follows: get the used oil after the pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, begin to heat; When the used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, fully to stir, should keep heat-up rate slowly this moment, prevents bumping; Stop to stir after stirring 20-30min, accelerate heat-up rate; When the used oil temperature reaches 280-310 ℃, begin to be blown into water vapour, the temperature of keeping used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reaches to used oil till the viscosity and flash-point of expection;

(6) used oil after the distillation obtains the machine oil of regenerating after filtering;

The described wilkinite of step (2) is the 80-200 order;

The usage quantity of the said Silver Nitrate of step (2) is the 0.5-1% (in mass) of the twice zero(ppm) water add-on in front and back;

The described drying of step (2) is to be dried to moisture 3-6%;

The described pulverizing of step (2) is to be crushed to cross the 150-200 mesh sieve;

The described filtration of step (3) can use 200 purpose filter clothes to filter;

The usage quantity of the said acid solution of step (4) is the 5-6% of used oil volume;

The described acid solution of step (4) is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid;

The amount ratio of described atlapulgite of step (5) and used oil is 50-100g:1L; After adding, atlapulgite needs fully to stir; Being convenient to carclazyte fully contacts with impurity in the oil; If the short carclazyte size distribution of reaction contact time is irregular, its active adsorption area fully expansion can cause reacting insufficient, and the time, the oversize oil product that causes easily was in the hot conditions promote the oxidation;

The amount of being blown into always of the said water vapour of step (5) is 10% of reactant (being a used oil and atlapulgite) volume; Distillation is that lower boiling machine oil is separated; Moisture content in the waste oil is thoroughly removed, be blown into water vapor, prevent blast in order to drive away air (oxygen);

The described filtration of step (6) can be filtered with plate-and-frame filter press.

The alternative base oil of resulting regeneration machine oil, regeneration hydraulicefficiency oil or white mineral oil use.

A kind of device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized that is used to realize aforesaid method comprises pickling subsider, still kettle and plate-and-frame filter press, and the three connects successively;

Described pickling subsider is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom, and the angle of the surface of its conical bottom and circular cone axis is 30-60 °; The periphery of cylindrical tank is a thermal insulation layer; Thermal insulation layer is a solid construction; Processed by PVC (SE) or RPP (RPP), this thermal insulation layer can be avoided the circulation of the caused sedimentation oil of the outside atmosphere and the temperature difference of oil, can obtain better effect of settling; The conical lower section of pickling subsider is provided with wash water valve, and this wash water valve is the inlet of used oil, also is to discharge mechanical impurity after the pickling sedimentation to use; The middle and lower part of pickling subsider is provided with heating tube, and a pipe Heating temperature can reach 110-150 ℃;

The diameter of said cylindrical tank and the preferred 1.5:1 of ratio highly;

In the pickling settling process, the pickling subsider only is heated to preset temperature when beginning, afterwards reheat not.

Described still kettle is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom equally, is provided with stirrer in the still; Charging opening is arranged at its top, is convenient to add atlapulgite; The bottom of still kettle tank body is provided with wash water valve, and the position corresponding to wash water valve in still is provided with filter screen, to hold back waste residue; Be provided with outlet at the bottom of the conical still of still kettle, to let the machine oil that has distilled flow to plate-and-frame filter press; Also be provided with heating tube in the still kettle.

The pickling subsider is connected with programmable logic controller (PLC) with heating tube in the still kettle, by PLC control, to realize the heating to the material in pickling subsider and the still kettle.

The volume read-out of still kettle reaches still volumetrical 2/3 with used oil and is advisable when beginning to distillate; Be normal pressure in the still during distillation procedure, cease fire earlier when distillation finishes and open the beneath valve of still, Residual oil is got rid of.

Described plate-and-frame filter press belongs to prior art; Be by each piece filter frame oil strain individually, the oil that contains solid particle polluter gets in the filter the frame from the passage of the pore structure of filter plate, sees through the minor groove on filter paper and the filter cloth entering filter plate again; Flow to the filter plate lower end, emit through fuel tap; Described plate-and-frame filter press can be realized the depth type filtration to oil product.

Preferably, can the mounting teeth wheel pump between pickling subsider and still kettle.Described toothed gear pump is the thing that belongs to prior art.Used oil after the pickling sedimentation flows to still kettle through toothed gear pump; The driving toothed gear of toothed gear pump drives the follower gear reverse rotation; During the rotation of two gears; The machine oil that is filled between gear tooth slot takes out oil pocket along the oil pump shell wall to by oil suction chamber; In oil suction chamber one side owing to be out of gear engagement and machine oil are constantly taken out of and produced vacuum; Make the machine oil in the oil pan under the barometric point effect, get into oil suction chamber through collecting filter, and going out oil pocket one side because gear gets into engagement and machine oil and constantly brought into and produce squeezing action, machine oil is admitted to pressuring oil pipe entering still kettle with certain pressure.Toothed gear pump only needs once to rotate the process of just having accomplished suction, oil extraction simultaneously, and efficient is high.

The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:

(1) existing waste oil recoverying and utilizing method needs distill repeatedly-flushing 3-4 time, and method of the present invention only needs a continuous sedimentation-active earths distillation, through just reaching the requirement of recovered oil after filtering, has greatly saved operation sequence again.

(2) method of the present invention has adopted the atlapulgite of only system, and the preparation method of this atlapulgite is simpler than existing carclazyte, and adsorption effect is high, can better realize the absorption of impurity in the used oil is removed.

(3) method of the present invention will be distilled with the carclazyte blend and will be combined into an operation, and the consumption of atlapulgite is significantly reduced, and the recovered oil yield improves 10-15%.

(4) periphery of apparatus of the present invention settling bath is provided with thermal insulation layer, can guarantee that oil product is in perfect condition in whole sedimentation period, avoids the circulation of the caused sedimentation oil of the outside atmosphere and the temperature difference of oil, can obtain better effect of settling.

(5) used oil be contain a lot of impurity gently, heavily be worth mixing oil, if before distillation and in still-process, add hydrochloric acid, the easy condensation of the inhomogeneous stirring of alkali and form coke, acid sludge.Device of the present invention has been installed stirrer in still kettle, can significantly reduce hydrochloric acid consumption and acid sludge amount.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is 2 one kinds of structural representations with the device of abandoned car Oil Recovery utilization of the embodiment of the invention; Wherein, the inflow direction of used oil after the 1-pre-treatment, the thermal insulation layer of 2-pickling subsider, 3-pickling subsider, 4-toothed gear pump, 5-heating tube, 6-stirrer, 7-opening for feed, 8-still kettle, 9-residual cake valve, 10-filter screen, 11-valve, 12-pump, 13-flame filter press.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Embodiment 1

A kind of method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized may further comprise the steps:

(1) used oil in the collection abandoned car; Comprise various oil plants and waste liquid; Like the residual fuel oil in the fuel tank, machine oil, transmission oil, quench liquid, braking fluid and lubricated wet goods in the engine casing, these waste liquids reclaim pending respectively through different pipelines;

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get the mixed that zero(ppm) water and wilkinite (150 order) press 1L:1.5kg, adding accounts for the hydrochloric acid of wilkinite quality 15% again, stirs, and under 100 ℃, 2MPa, reacts 2.5h then; Add zero(ppm) water (it is half that the volume that adds to reactant accounts for the reaction vessel volumetrical) and Silver Nitrate again, generate white precipitate behind the reaction 15min; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid outwelled, with deposition drain, dry, obtain atlapulgite after pulverizing;

The usage quantity of Silver Nitrate is 1% (in mass) of the twice zero(ppm) water add-on in front and back;

(3) used oil pre-treatment: used oil leaves standstill the back layering, removes the water of sub-cloud, uses 200 purpose filter cloth solids removed by filtration and suspended substances then;

(4) used oil pickling sedimentation: used oil is mixed with acid solution, constantly stir, be heated to 65 ℃, sedimentation 6h removes the mechanical impurity and the moisture of bottom then, and remaining used oil gets into next step;

The usage quantity of acid solution is the 5-6% of used oil volume; The acid solution that is adopted is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: get the used oil after the pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, begin heating; When the used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, fully to stir, should keep heat-up rate slowly this moment, prevents bumping; Stop to stir after stirring 20-30min, accelerate heat-up rate; When the used oil temperature reaches 300 ℃, begin to be blown into water vapour, the temperature of keeping used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reaches to used oil till the viscosity and flash-point of expection;

The amount ratio of atlapulgite and used oil is 75g:1L; The amount of being blown into always of water vapour is 10% of reactant (being a used oil and atlapulgite) volume;

(6) used oil after the distillation obtains regenerated machine oil after filtering.

The relevant performance index of resulting regenerated machine oil are as shown in the table, and the alternative base oil of this regeneration machine oil, regeneration hydraulicefficiency oil or white mineral oil use.

Embodiment 2

A kind of device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized that is used to realize embodiment 1 said method, its structure is as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises pickling subsider 3, still kettle 8 and plate-and-frame filter press 13, and the three connects successively;

The pickling subsider 3 that is adopted is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom.The periphery of cylindrical tank is a thermal insulation layer 2; Thermal insulation layer 2 is solid constructions; Processed by PVC (SE) or RPP (RPP), this thermal insulation layer 2 can be avoided the circulation of the caused sedimentation oil of the outside atmosphere and the temperature difference of oil, can obtain better effect of settling; The conical lower section of pickling subsider 3 is provided with wash water valve, and this wash water valve is the inlet of used oil, also is to discharge mechanical impurity after the pickling sedimentation to use; The middle and lower part of pickling subsider 3 is provided with 5, one pipes of heating tube Heating temperature can reach 110-150 ℃;

The diameter of cylindrical tank is 1.5:1 with the ratio of height;

In the pickling settling process, 3 of pickling subsiders are heated to preset temperature when beginning, afterwards reheat not.

The still kettle 8 that is adopted is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom equally, is provided with stirrer 6 in the still; Charging opening 7 is arranged at its top, is convenient to add atlapulgite; The bottom of still kettle 8 tank bodies is provided with wash water valve 9, and the position corresponding to wash water valve 9 in still 8 is provided with filter screen 10, to hold back waste residue; Be provided with outlet at the bottom of the conical still of still kettle 8, to let the machine oil that has distilled flow to plate-and-frame filter press 13; Also be provided withheating tube 5 in the still kettle 8.

Pickling subsider 3 is connected with programmable logic controller (PLC) withheating tube 5 in the still kettle 8, by PLC control, to realize the heating to the material in pickling subsider 3 and the still kettle 8.

The volume read-out of still kettle 8 reaches still volumetrical 2/3 with used oil and is advisable when beginning to distillate; Be normal pressure in the still during distillation procedure, cease fire earlier when distillation finishes and open the beneath outlet of still, Residual oil is got rid of.

The plate-and-frame filter press 13 that is adopted belongs to prior art; Be by each piece filter frame oil strain individually, the oil that contains solid particle polluter gets in the filter the frame from the passage of the pore structure of filter plate, sees through the minor groove on filter paper and the filter cloth entering filter plate again; Flow to the filter plate lower end, emit through fuel tap; Described plate-and-frame filter press 13 can be realized the depth type filtration to oil product.

Can mounting teeth wheel pump 4 between pickling subsider 3 and still kettle 8.Described toothed gear pump 4 is the things that belong to prior art.Used oil after the pickling sedimentation flows to still kettle 8 through toothed gear pump 4; The driving toothed gear of toothed gear pump 4 drives the follower gear reverse rotation; During the rotation of two gears; The machine oil that is filled between gear tooth slot takes out oil pocket along the oil pump shell wall to by oil suction chamber; In oil suction chamber one side owing to be out of gear engagement and machine oil are constantly taken out of and produced vacuum; Make the machine oil in the oil pan under the barometric point effect, get into oil suction chamber through collecting filter, and going out oil pocket one side because gear gets into engagement and machine oil and constantly brought into and produce squeezing action, machine oil is admitted to pressuring oil pipe entering still kettle 8 with certain pressure.4 need of toothed gear pump once rotate the process of just having accomplished suction, oil extraction simultaneously, and efficient is high.

The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) used oil in the collection abandoned car;

(2) preparation atlapulgite: get zero(ppm) water and wilkinite mixed, add the hydrochloric acid account for wilkinite quality 10-20% again, stir, under 90-120 ℃, 2MPa, react 2-3h then by 1L:1.5kg; Add zero(ppm) water and Silver Nitrate again, generate white precipitate behind the reaction 15min; Leave standstill 50min, supernatant liquid outwelled, with deposition drain, dry, obtain atlapulgite after pulverizing;

(3) used oil pre-treatment: used oil leaves standstill the back layering, removes the water of sub-cloud, then solids removed by filtration and suspended substance;

(4) used oil pickling sedimentation: used oil is mixed with acid solution, constantly stir, be heated to 50-80 ℃, sedimentation 4-8h removes the mechanical impurity and the moisture of bottom then, and remaining used oil gets into next step;

(5) blend of used oil and atlapulgite distillation: get the used oil after the pickling sedimentation, add alkali and be neutralized to neutrality, begin heating; When the used oil temperature reaches 100 ℃, add atlapulgite, stop to stir heat temperature raising behind the stirring 20-30min; When the used oil temperature reaches 280-310 ℃, begin to be blown into water vapour, the temperature of keeping used oil is no more than 320 ℃, strengthens the amount of being blown into of steam vapour amount, reaches to used oil till the viscosity and flash-point of expection;

(6) used oil after the distillation obtains the machine oil of regenerating after filtering;

The usage quantity of the said Silver Nitrate of step (2) is the 0.5-1% of the twice zero(ppm) water add-on in front and back;

The usage quantity of the said acid solution of step (4) is the 5-6% of used oil volume;

The amount ratio of described atlapulgite of step (5) and used oil is 50-100g:1L;

The amount of being blown into always of the said water vapour of step (5) is 10% of a reactant volume.

2. the method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described filtration of step (3) is to filter with 200 purpose filter clothes.

3. the method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described acid solution of step (4) is the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid.

4. the method that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described filtration of step (6) is to filter with plate-and-frame filter press.

5. device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized that is used to realize each said method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: comprise pickling subsider, still kettle and plate-and-frame filter press, the three connects successively;

Described pickling subsider is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom; The periphery of cylindrical tank is a thermal insulation layer, and thermal insulation layer is a solid construction, is processed by SE or RPP; The middle and lower part of pickling subsider is provided with heating tube;

Described still kettle is the cylindrical tank of conical bottom, is provided with stirrer in the still; The bottom of still kettle tank body is provided with wash water valve, and the position corresponding to wash water valve in still is provided with filter screen; Also be provided with heating tube in the still kettle.

6. the device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the conical lower section of said pickling subsider is provided with wash water valve; The diameter of the cylindrical tank of pickling subsider is 1.5:1 with the ratio of height.

7. the device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: charging opening is arranged at the top of said still kettle; Be provided with outlet at the bottom of the conical still of still kettle.

8. the device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described pickling subsider is connected with programmable logic controller with heating tube in the still kettle, by PLC controls.

9. the device that the abandoned car Oil Recovery is utilized according to claim 5 is characterized in that: mounting teeth wheel pump between described pickling subsider and the still kettle.

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