技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于航空航天技术领域，涉及一种在航天空间环境下钻取月球表面土壤的装置，特别是一种依靠弹簧储能的机械自适应型钻探取心加载机构，实现机械自适应加载激振功能。The invention belongs to the field of aerospace technology, and relates to a device for drilling soil on the surface of the moon in an aerospace space environment, in particular to a mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism relying on spring energy storage to realize mechanical self-adaptive loading and excitation Function.
背景技术：Background technique:
航天航空是人类探索自然界的前沿工程，走向太空已成为科技强国必不可少的标志，探月工程是我国航天事业的一个中继阶段，踏出了人类对外星探索的第一步，此阶段的成果将为下一步外层空间探索提供宝贵经验，探月工程主要是通过遥测遥感和最终的登月来揭开月球环境的神秘面纱，登月后要针对月球展开一系列的科研项目，每个环节都非常重要，其中之一就是要获取月球表面物质标本，这就涉及到了月球表面钻探工具的研究开发，在低引力环境下钻采集月壤是一件十分不容易的事情，传统钻探采用的激振装置通常采用圆柱凸轮回转的方式产生激振力，重量重、体积大而且耗能极多，对于一个航天器来说空间和质量是至关重要的，也是严格控制的关键项目，所以这种圆柱凸轮结构激振装置不适合用于登月航航天器，亟需一种体积重量更小、性能更好的钻采工具进行月壤的采集。Aeronautics and aviation is the frontier project for human beings to explore the natural world. Going into space has become an indispensable symbol of a technological power. The lunar exploration project is a relay stage of China's aerospace industry. The results will provide valuable experience for the next step of outer space exploration. The lunar exploration project is mainly to reveal the mystery of the lunar environment through telemetry and remote sensing and the final moon landing. After the moon landing, a series of scientific research projects will be carried out on the moon. Each The links are very important, one of which is to obtain samples of lunar surface materials, which involves the research and development of lunar surface drilling tools. It is not easy to drill and collect lunar soil in a low-gravity environment. Traditional drilling uses The excitation device usually uses a cylindrical cam to generate the excitation force. It is heavy, bulky and consumes a lot of energy. For a spacecraft, space and quality are crucial, and it is also a key item that is strictly controlled. Therefore, this This kind of cylindrical cam structure excitation device is not suitable for lunar landing spacecraft, and a drilling tool with smaller volume and weight and better performance is urgently needed to collect lunar soil.
发明内容：Invention content:
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种依靠弹簧储能的机械自适应型钻探取心加载机构，其质量轻、占用空间小，在钻采给进困难时自动产生激振进行钻采。In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a mechanically self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism relying on spring energy storage, which is light in weight, takes up little space, and automatically generates exciting vibrations for drilling when feeding is difficult. .
解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是：一种依靠弹簧储能的机械自适应型钻探取心加载机构，包括回转驱动单元和激振单元，其特征在于回转驱动单元连接有钻杆，钻杆为蜗杆式表面设有螺纹，与钻杆配合设有激振单元，激振单元具体结构为：与钻杆螺纹配合设有环状力载蜗轮，力载蜗轮外表面设有蜗轮齿，力载蜗轮内表面设有棘轮式结构，沿圆周居中分布有棘轮齿，棘轮齿两侧设有轴套，力载蜗轮通过轴套活动连接在固定支撑轴上，两轴套内部设有与棘轮齿啮合的激振质量块，激振质量块通过施力板簧固定连接在固定支撑轴上，固定支撑轴固定连接在支架上。The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem is: a mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism relying on spring energy storage, including a rotary drive unit and an excitation unit, which is characterized in that the rotary drive unit is connected with a drill pipe, and the drill pipe Threads are provided on the surface of the worm, and an excitation unit is provided in cooperation with the drill pipe. There is a ratchet structure on the inner surface of the worm wheel, and ratchet teeth are distributed in the center along the circumference. There are bushings on both sides of the ratchet teeth. The force-loaded worm wheel is movably connected to the fixed support shaft through the bushings. The exciting mass block is fixedly connected to the fixed support shaft through the force plate spring, and the fixed support shaft is fixedly connected to the bracket.
与钻杆配合的激振单元为两个以上。There are more than two vibration units matched with the drill pipe.
力载蜗轮齿和棘轮齿均为渐开线齿形。The force-loaded worm gear teeth and ratchet teeth are both involute tooth shapes.
每个激振单元至少设有两个激振质量块与施力板簧。Each vibration unit is provided with at least two vibration mass blocks and force applying plate springs.
轴套与固定支撑轴间设有轴承。A bearing is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the fixed support shaft.
所述施力板簧固定连接在板簧套上，板簧套通过键与固定支撑轴固定连接，固定支撑轴设有卡簧，卡在固定支撑轴外端。The force-applying leaf spring is fixedly connected to the leaf spring sleeve, and the leaf spring sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed support shaft through a key, and the fixed support shaft is provided with a retaining spring, which is stuck on the outer end of the fixed support shaft.
所述施力板簧为弯曲状，以固定支撑轴为中心圆周阵列排布。The force-applying leaf springs are curved and arranged in a circular array with the fixed support shaft as the center.
本发明在钻采给进速度变慢时通过弹力机构蓄能后发生激振，加大质量块激振时的打击力度，缩小钻机体积和重量，性能更好，适于运送到月球作为钻采工具。When the feeding speed of drilling and production slows down, the present invention generates vibration after accumulating energy through the elastic mechanism, increases the striking strength of the mass block when the vibration is excited, reduces the volume and weight of the drilling rig, and has better performance, and is suitable for transporting to the moon as a drilling and production tool.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例的钻机整体结构图；Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of the drilling rig of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例激振单元剖面视图；Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the excitation unit of the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明弯曲状施力板簧示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a curved force-applying leaf spring of the present invention.
图中标号名称：1回转驱动单元；2钻杆；3力载蜗轮；4棘轮齿；5轴套；6固定支撑轴；7激振质量块；8施力板簧；9支架；10卡簧；11板簧套。Label names in the figure: 1 rotary drive unit; 2 drill pipe; 3 force-loaded worm gear; 4 ratchet teeth; ; 11 leaf spring sets.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明实施例如图1、图2所示，该依靠弹簧储能的机械自适应型钻探取心加载机构，包括回转驱动单元1和激振单元，回转驱动单元1连接有钻杆2，钻杆2为蜗杆式表面设有螺纹，与钻杆2配合设有两个激振单元，每个激振单元具体结构为：与钻杆2螺纹配合设有环状力载蜗轮3，力载蜗轮3外表面设有力载蜗轮3齿，力载蜗轮3内表面设有棘轮式结构，沿圆周居中分布有棘轮齿4，力载蜗轮3的涡轮齿和棘轮齿4均为渐开线齿形，棘轮齿4两侧设有轴套5，力载蜗轮3通过轴套5活动连接在固定支撑轴6上，两轴套5内部设有与棘轮齿4啮合的激振质量块7，激振质量块7通过施力板簧8固定连接在板簧套11上，板簧套11通过键与固定支撑轴6固定连接，固定支撑轴6外端设有卡簧10，固定支撑轴6固定连接在支架9上。Embodiments of the present invention are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism relying on spring energy storage includes a rotary drive unit 1 and an excitation unit. The rotary drive unit 1 is connected with a drill pipe 2, and the drill pipe 2 is threaded on the surface of the worm, and two excitation units are arranged in cooperation with the drill pipe 2. The outer surface is provided with 3 teeth of the force-loaded worm gear, and the inner surface of the force-loaded worm wheel 3 is provided with a ratchet structure, and ratchet teeth 4 are distributed in the center along the circumference. There are shaft sleeves 5 on both sides of the teeth 4, and the force-loaded worm gear 3 is movably connected to the fixed support shaft 6 through the shaft sleeves 5. The inside of the two shaft sleeves 5 is provided with an exciting mass 7 that meshes with the ratchet teeth 4. The exciting mass 7 7 is fixedly connected to the leaf spring sleeve 11 through the force-applying leaf spring 8, and the leaf spring sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed support shaft 6 through a key. 9 on.
工作时，回转驱动单元1下行驱动钻杆2旋转进行钻取工作，当遇到硬物在钻机一定压力下无法向下钻取或钻取给进速度降低到一定值时，钻杆2保持回转运动，蜗杆式的钻杆2与力载蜗轮3相啮合，带动力载蜗轮3与棘轮齿4绕固定支撑轴6旋转，棘轮齿4带动激振质量块7同步绕固定支撑轴6旋转，施力板簧8屈曲变形，随着施力板簧8的屈曲激振质量块7向固定支撑轴6轴心靠拢，屈曲到一定程度激振质量块7脱离棘轮齿4的束缚，施力板簧8回弹带动激振质量块7击打下一相邻的棘轮齿4，通过力载蜗轮3将击打的的冲击力传递到钻杆2上，如此往复实现激振，使钻头向下冲击，其冲击的力度可通过用不同弹力的施力板簧8来调节，也可以通过调节激振质量块7和施力板簧8的个数来实现；本实施例通过弹力机构蓄能后产生激振，加大质量块激振时的打击力度，缩小钻机体积和重量，性能更好，适于运送到月球作为钻采工具。When working, the rotary drive unit 1 drives the drill rod 2 to rotate downward to perform drilling work. When encountering hard objects and being unable to drill down under a certain pressure of the drilling rig or when the drilling feed rate is reduced to a certain value, the drill rod 2 keeps rotating Movement, the worm-type drill rod 2 meshes with the force-loaded worm gear 3, which drives the force-loaded worm gear 3 and the ratchet gear 4 to rotate around the fixed support shaft 6, and the ratchet gear 4 drives the vibration mass 7 to rotate around the fixed support shaft 6 synchronously. The force plate spring 8 is buckled and deformed. With the buckling of the force plate spring 8, the excitation mass 7 moves closer to the axis center of the fixed support shaft 6. When it buckles to a certain extent, the excitation mass 7 breaks away from the shackles of the ratchet teeth 4, and the force force plate spring 8 The rebound drives the exciting mass 7 to hit the next adjacent ratchet tooth 4, and the impact force of the hitting is transmitted to the drill pipe 2 through the force-loaded worm gear 3, so that the vibration is reciprocated to make the drill bit impact downward. The strength of its impact can be adjusted by using force-applying leaf springs 8 of different elastic forces, and can also be realized by adjusting the number of exciting mass 7 and force-applying leaf springs 8; Vibration, increase the impact force when the mass block is excited, reduce the volume and weight of the drilling rig, and have better performance, which is suitable for transportation to the moon as a drilling tool.
本发明实施时可将施力板簧8设计成弯曲状，如图3所示，这样既可保持施力板簧8的弹性，还可以进一步缩小激振单元的体积。When the present invention is implemented, the force-applying leaf spring 8 can be designed to be curved, as shown in FIG. 3 , so that the elasticity of the force-applying plate spring 8 can be maintained, and the volume of the vibration-exciting unit can be further reduced.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210200207.4ACN102735496B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism depending on accumulated energy of spring |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210200207.4ACN102735496B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism depending on accumulated energy of spring |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102735496A CN102735496A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| CN102735496Btrue CN102735496B (en) | 2015-04-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210200207.4AActiveCN102735496B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism depending on accumulated energy of spring |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102735496B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109060401B (en)* | 2018-09-25 | 2020-08-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A rock-crushing sampler for asteroid environments |
| CN110095363B (en)* | 2019-05-07 | 2024-08-20 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Portable vibration type penetration sampling detection equipment |
| CN115876520B (en)* | 2022-12-15 | 2023-07-07 | 赣州市农业科学研究所(赣州市烟草科学研究所) | Soil selenium element detection equipment of automatic sampling mechanism |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101886986A (en)* | 2010-07-15 | 2010-11-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | End sampler for planetary exploration |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB584647A (en)* | 1945-01-16 | 1947-01-20 | Holman Brothers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to rock drill mountings |
| US6837312B2 (en)* | 2002-05-08 | 2005-01-04 | Tze Cheun Ng | Corer-grinder |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101886986A (en)* | 2010-07-15 | 2010-11-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | End sampler for planetary exploration |
| Title |
|---|
| 滑轨式月壤钻取采样装置关键技术研究;张禹;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20101231;全文* |
| 鄢泰宁,等.试论月球表面钻探取样的难点与关键技术.《地质科技情报》.2004,第23卷(第4期),全文.* |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102735496A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2774323C (en) | Resonance enhanced rotary drilling | |
| CN102735496B (en) | Mechanical self-adaptive drilling coring loading mechanism depending on accumulated energy of spring | |
| CA2820390C (en) | Vibration transmission and isolation | |
| CN102012324A (en) | Ultrasonic drilling device | |
| EP2962811A1 (en) | Power tool | |
| WO2012155305A1 (en) | Rotary impact type rock drilling machine and double-layer drilling rod mechanism | |
| CN201269083Y (en) | Down-hole buffering mechanism used for plunger gas lift | |
| Bai et al. | A longitudinal & longitudinal-torsional vibration actuator for rotary-percussive ultrasonic planetary drills | |
| CN102019453A (en) | Vibration electric hammer | |
| US20110094765A1 (en) | Percussive augmenter of rotary drills for operating as a rotary-hammer drill | |
| CN201917465U (en) | ultrasonic drill | |
| CN107100544B (en) | A kind of moveable efficient rock drilling device | |
| CN102589925B (en) | Ultrasonic excitation impact space sampling drill | |
| CN103291212A (en) | Long spiral power head buffer device and multifunctional power head buffer device of rotary drilling rig | |
| CN208803822U (en) | A kind of vibration damping drilling rod | |
| CN205393602U (en) | Continuous drilling equipment of multi -functional work piece | |
| CN110273682A (en) | A kind of strong rock drill of impact force for exploitation of mineral resources | |
| CN103551631A (en) | Rotary bisection drill | |
| CN104942742A (en) | Impact generator and operation method thereof | |
| CN102720430A (en) | Coaxial integrated gyration and excitation drive device of drilling tools | |
| CN103291239A (en) | Vibrating method and device for fisher | |
| CN102852472B (en) | Pawl spring type nut mechanical self-adaptive drilling loading mechanism | |
| CN109403856B (en) | Underground hammer type punching device | |
| CN102839929B (en) | Lock pin type mechanical self-adaptive nut drilling and loading mechanism | |
| CN201989129U (en) | Novel electric hammer |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |