CN102733793A - Real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供了一种深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统，至少包括安装于钻杆上且位于孔底处的信息采集装置与信号发射装置，以及位于地表上的接收装置，信号发射装置将信息采集装置采集到的信息转化后发射至接收装置接收，所述的信息采集装置包括用于采集各种钻进参数的压力传感器、温度传感器、压力扭矩短节及流量计，所述的信号发射装置包括采集电路、发射电路、用于电路供电的电池及一对内外绝缘短节，所述的接收装置包括用于信号接收、放大、滤波、陷波及AD转换的信号处理单元，以及通过信号线与信号处理单元连接的显示装置。该监测系统能够减少深孔钻进过程的孔内事故，提高钻探效率。

The present invention provides a real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling, which at least includes an information collection device and a signal transmitting device installed on a drill pipe and located at the bottom of the hole, as well as a receiving device and a signal transmitting device located on the surface The information collected by the information collection device is converted and transmitted to the receiving device for reception. The information collection device includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure torque joint and a flow meter for collecting various drilling parameters. The signal The transmitting device includes an acquisition circuit, a transmitting circuit, a battery for power supply to the circuit, and a pair of inner and outer insulation short joints. The receiving device includes a signal processing unit for signal reception, amplification, filtering, notch and AD conversion, and through the signal The display device is connected by wire to the signal processing unit. The monitoring system can reduce in-hole accidents in the deep hole drilling process and improve drilling efficiency.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统A Real-time Monitoring System of Bottom Parameters in Deep Hole Drilling

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种用于实时监测钻进过程中孔底钻进参数的监测系统，该系统可广泛应用于地质、石油、煤炭、冶金等部门的钻探领域。The invention relates to a monitoring system for real-time monitoring of drilling parameters at the bottom of a hole during the drilling process. The system can be widely used in the drilling fields of departments such as geology, petroleum, coal, and metallurgy.

背景技术Background technique

钻探技术是获取地下深部实物地质资料、最终圈定矿体的唯一手段。钻进工程发生在地下深部，具有高投入、高风险的特点。随着资源勘探与开发工作大规模转向深部，钻探过程的工况将更加复杂化，仅凭经验控制钻探过程更加困难。而且，时有发生的孔内事故不仅严重影响钻探效率而且会带来重大经济损失，据不完全统计近年来每年因孔（井）内钻探事故造成的经济损失高达数亿元。因此,研制与钻机配套的参数监测系统实施钻探过程的连续监测，是实现高效、优质、安全、低耗深部钻探的物质基础。目前的钻探参数监测系统只能实时监测地表参数，而深孔钻进过程中，孔底近钻头处的钻进参数与地表参数相差甚远，孔底近钻头处的钻进参数更能反应钻进的实际情况，对于优化钻进、提高钻进效率具有重要意义。Drilling technology is the only means to obtain deep underground physical geological data and finally delineate ore bodies. Drilling works take place in deep underground, which is characterized by high investment and high risk. As resource exploration and development work shifts to deep areas on a large scale, the working conditions of the drilling process will become more complicated, and it will be more difficult to control the drilling process based on experience alone. Moreover, in-hole accidents that occur from time to time not only seriously affect drilling efficiency but also cause major economic losses. According to incomplete statistics, in recent years, the economic losses caused by in-hole (well) drilling accidents have reached hundreds of millions of yuan. Therefore, the development of a parameter monitoring system matched with the drilling rig to implement continuous monitoring of the drilling process is the material basis for achieving high-efficiency, high-quality, safe, and low-consumption deep drilling. The current drilling parameter monitoring system can only monitor the surface parameters in real time, but in the process of deep hole drilling, the drilling parameters at the bottom of the hole near the drill bit are far from the surface parameters, and the drilling parameters at the bottom of the hole near the drill bit can better reflect the drilling parameters. The actual situation of drilling is of great significance for optimizing drilling and improving drilling efficiency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提供了一种深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统，该监测系统能够减少深孔钻进过程的孔内事故，提高钻探效率。The invention provides a real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling. The monitoring system can reduce in-hole accidents in the deep hole drilling process and improve drilling efficiency.

实现本发明上述目的所采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme adopted to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is:

一种深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统，至少包括安装于钻杆上且位于孔底处的信息采集装置与信号发射装置，以及位于地表上的接收装置，信号发射装置将信息采集装置采集到的信息转化后发射至接收装置接收，所述的信息采集装置包括用于采集各种钻进参数的压力传感器、温度传感器、压力扭矩短节及流量计，所述的信号发射装置包括采集电路、发射电路、用于电路供电的电池及一对内外绝缘短节，采集电路与压力传感器、温度传感器、压力扭矩短节及流量计均连接，并将采集到的参数进行滤波和数字化后传输至发射电路，发射电路与用于发射信号的一对内外绝缘短节连接；所述的接收装置包括用于信号接收、放大、滤波、陷波及AD转换的信号处理单元，以及通过信号线与信号处理单元连接的显示装置；钻杆的外管中设有内管，内管通过上支撑件和下支撑件固定于外管中，采集电路、发射电路及电池均安装于内管中，压力传感器及温度传感器安装于内管上，压力扭矩短节及流量计安装于外管的管壁上。A real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling, at least including an information collection device and a signal transmitting device installed on the drill pipe and at the bottom of the hole, and a receiving device on the surface, the signal transmitting device connects the information collecting device The collected information is converted and sent to the receiving device for reception. The information collecting device includes pressure sensors, temperature sensors, pressure torque nipples and flowmeters for collecting various drilling parameters. The signal transmitting device includes collecting Electric circuit, transmitting circuit, battery for circuit power supply and a pair of inner and outer insulation joints, the acquisition circuit is connected with pressure sensor, temperature sensor, pressure torque joint and flow meter, and the collected parameters are filtered and digitized before transmission To the transmitting circuit, the transmitting circuit is connected with a pair of inner and outer insulating short joints for transmitting signals; the receiving device includes a signal processing unit for signal receiving, amplification, filtering, trapping and AD conversion, and through signal lines and signal The display device connected to the processing unit; the outer pipe of the drill pipe is provided with an inner pipe, and the inner pipe is fixed in the outer pipe through the upper support and the lower support. The acquisition circuit, the transmission circuit and the battery are all installed in the inner pipe. The pressure sensor And the temperature sensor is installed on the inner pipe, and the pressure torque nipple and the flowmeter are installed on the pipe wall of the outer pipe.

所述的一对内外绝缘短节由安装于内管管壁上的内绝缘短节和安装于外管管壁上的外绝缘短节组成，两绝缘短节均为圆筒状且位置相互对应。The pair of inner and outer insulating short joints is composed of an inner insulating joint installed on the inner pipe wall and an outer insulating joint installed on the outer pipe wall. The two insulating joints are cylindrical and their positions correspond to each other. .

信号发射装置与接收装置之间设有用于将信号接收、放大并发射的中继站，所述的中继站位于钻杆的中部且固定于外管内。A relay station for receiving, amplifying and transmitting the signal is arranged between the signal transmitting device and the receiving device, and the relay station is located in the middle of the drill pipe and fixed in the outer pipe.

所述信号处理单元包括接收天线、钻塔、电缆及接收器，所述的显示装置为笔记本电脑。接收天线的一端安装于接收器上，接收天线的另一端插入地表内。The signal processing unit includes a receiving antenna, a drilling tower, a cable and a receiver, and the display device is a notebook computer. One end of the receiving antenna is installed on the receiver, and the other end of the receiving antenna is inserted into the ground.

本发明提供的深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统有以下优点：1、该监测系统能够实时监测孔底钻进参数，能够显著减少孔内事故，提高钻探效率，降低钻探成本；2、由于电磁信号在地层中传输会逐渐发生衰减而影响接收信号的强度，本发明中在离孔底一定距离处设有中继站，中断站可将接收到的信号放大后继续发射，因而本发明可应用的孔深范围显著增加；3、本发明提供的深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统可保存钻进过程中监测到的数据，对技术人员进行生产分析具有重要作用；4、本发明能够为智能化钻进的研究奠定一定的基础。The real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling provided by the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The monitoring system can monitor hole bottom drilling parameters in real time, can significantly reduce accidents in holes, improve drilling efficiency, and reduce drilling costs; 2. Since the transmission of electromagnetic signals in the formation will gradually attenuate and affect the strength of the received signal, a relay station is provided at a certain distance from the bottom of the hole in the present invention, and the interrupt station can amplify the received signal and continue to transmit, so the present invention can be applied 3. The real-time monitoring system for hole bottom parameters in deep hole drilling provided by the present invention can save the data monitored in the drilling process, which plays an important role in production analysis for technicians; 4. The present invention can It lays a certain foundation for the research of intelligent drilling.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明提供的深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the real-time monitoring system of hole bottom parameter in the deep hole drilling that the present invention provides;

图中：1-钻头，2-外管，3-下支撑件，4-压力传感器，5-采集电路，6-温度传感器，7-发射电路，8-电池，9-内管，10-压力扭矩短节，11-内绝缘短节，12-外绝缘短节，13-流量计，14-上支撑件，15-中继站，16-接收天线，17-钻塔，18-电缆，19-接收器，20-信号线，21-笔记本电脑。In the figure: 1-drill, 2-outer tube, 3-lower support, 4-pressure sensor, 5-acquisition circuit, 6-temperature sensor, 7-transmission circuit, 8-battery, 9-inner tube, 10-pressure Torque pup, 11-inner insulation pup, 12-outer insulation pup, 13-flow meter, 14-upper support, 15-relay station, 16-receiving antenna, 17-drilling tower, 18-cable, 19-receiving device, 20-signal line, 21-laptop.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明做详细具体的说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本发明提供的深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统的整体结构如图1所示，由信息采集装置、信号发射装置、接收装置和中继站15组成。信息采集装置和信号发射装置均安装于钻杆上靠近钻头1的位置处且与钻头1一起位于钻孔底部，随着钻头1的钻进而向下移动，从而实时监测钻进过程中的参数。The overall structure of the real-time monitoring system for the parameters of the bottom of the deep hole in the deep hole drilling provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Both the information collecting device and the signal transmitting device are installed on the drill pipe close to the drill bit 1 and are located at the bottom of the borehole together with the drill bit 1, and move down as the drill bit 1 drills, so as to monitor the parameters in the drilling process in real time.

信息采集装置包括用于采集各种钻进参数的压力传感器4、温度传感器6、压力扭矩短节10及流量计13。信号发射装置包括采集电路5、发射电路7、用于电路供电的电池8及一对内外绝缘短节。采集电路5与压力传感器4、温度传感器6、压力扭矩短节10及流量计13均连接，发射电路7与用于发射信号的一对内外绝缘短节连接。钻杆的外管2内设有内管9，内管9通过上支撑件14和下支撑件3固定于外管2中，采集电路5、发射电路7及电池8均安装于内管9中，压力传感器4及温度传感器6安装于内管9上，压力扭矩短节10及流量计13安装于外管2的管壁上。用于发射信号的一对内外绝缘短节由安装于内管9管壁上的内绝缘短节11和安装于外管2管壁上的外绝缘短节12组成，两绝缘短节均为圆筒状且位置相互对应。The information collection device includes a pressure sensor 4 , a temperature sensor 6 , a pressure-torque joint 10 and a flow meter 13 for collecting various drilling parameters. The signal transmitting device includes a collection circuit 5, a transmitting circuit 7, a battery 8 for power supply to the circuit, and a pair of inner and outer insulating short joints. The acquisition circuit 5 is connected to the pressure sensor 4, the temperature sensor 6, the pressure torque sub-joint 10 and the flow meter 13, and the transmitting circuit 7 is connected to a pair of inner and outer insulating sub-joints for transmitting signals. The outer tube 2 of the drill pipe is provided with an inner tube 9, the inner tube 9 is fixed in the outer tube 2 through the upper support 14 and the lower support 3, and the acquisition circuit 5, the transmission circuit 7 and the battery 8 are all installed in the inner tube 9 , The pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 6 are installed on the inner pipe 9 , and the pressure torque joint 10 and the flow meter 13 are installed on the pipe wall of the outer pipe 2 . A pair of inner and outer insulation nipples for transmitting signals is composed of an inner insulation nipple 11 installed on the wall of the inner pipe 9 and an outer insulation nipple 12 installed on the wall of the outer pipe 2. Both insulation nipples are round Cylindrical and corresponding to each other.

接收装置位于地表上，包括用于信号接收、放大、滤波、陷波及AD转换的信号处理单元，以及通过信号线20与信号处理单元连接的显示装置，本实施例中所述的信号处理单元包括接收天线16、钻塔17、电缆18及接收器19，所述的显示装置为笔记本电脑21。接收天线16的一端安装于接收器19上，接收天线16的另一端插入地表内。The receiving device is located on the surface, including a signal processing unit for signal reception, amplification, filtering, notch and AD conversion, and a display device connected to the signal processing unit through a signal line 20. The signal processing unit described in this embodiment includes The receiving antenna 16, the drilling tower 17, the cable 18 and the receiver 19, and the display device is a notebook computer 21. One end of the receiving antenna 16 is installed on the receiver 19, and the other end of the receiving antenna 16 is inserted into the ground.

信号发射装置与接收装置之间设有用于将信号接收、放大并发射的中继站15，所述的中继站15位于钻杆的中部且固定于外管2内。A relay station 15 for receiving, amplifying and transmitting the signal is provided between the signal transmitting device and the receiving device. The relay station 15 is located in the middle of the drill pipe and fixed inside the outer pipe 2 .

本发明提供的深孔钻进中孔底参数实时监测系统的工作原理如下：首先完成整个监测系统的安装连接。钻进过程中，信息采集装置中的压力传感器用于监测的孔底钻井液压力；温度传感器用于监测孔底温度；压力扭矩短节用于监测孔底钻压和扭矩；流量计用于监测孔底钻井液流量。采集电路将上述5个参数采集后进行滤波和数字化处理，将参数信息转化为信号后传输至发射电路，电池为采集电路和发射电路供电。内绝缘短节、外绝缘短节及发射电路共同构成发射偶极子，将转化后的信号通过地层以无线电磁波信号向地表发送。由于电磁波在地层中传输时会发生衰减，当钻孔深度超过一定范围时，地表将无法接收到强度太弱的信号。因此，本发明中在离孔底一定距离处设有中继站，中继站接收到孔底发射来的信号后进行放大，并将放大后的信号向地表发射。由钻塔、电缆、接收天线和接收器构成的信号处理单元接收由中继站发射的信号，并将信号进行前置放大、滤波、陷波及AD转换后通过信号线传输至笔记本电脑，笔记本电脑对数据进行处理后以图表形式显示并进行保存，现场钻探操作人员可根据笔记本电脑上实时显示的孔底钻进参数调整钻进工艺和钻进规程，从而达到优化钻进、提高钻进效率、降低钻进风险等目的。The working principle of the real-time monitoring system for the parameters of the bottom of the deep hole in the deep hole drilling provided by the present invention is as follows: first, the installation and connection of the entire monitoring system is completed. During the drilling process, the pressure sensor in the information acquisition device is used to monitor the drilling fluid pressure at the bottom of the hole; the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature at the bottom of the hole; the pressure torque nipple is used to monitor the drilling pressure and torque at the bottom of the hole; the flow meter is used to monitor Drilling fluid flow at the bottom of the hole. The acquisition circuit collects the above five parameters and performs filtering and digital processing, converts the parameter information into a signal and transmits it to the transmission circuit, and the battery supplies power for the acquisition circuit and the transmission circuit. The inner insulating short joint, the outer insulating joint and the transmitting circuit together constitute the transmitting dipole, which transmits the converted signal to the surface through the formation as a wireless electromagnetic wave signal. Because electromagnetic waves will attenuate when they are transmitted in the formation, when the drilling depth exceeds a certain range, the surface will not be able to receive signals that are too weak. Therefore, in the present invention, a relay station is provided at a certain distance from the bottom of the hole. The relay station amplifies the signal transmitted from the bottom of the hole after receiving it, and transmits the amplified signal to the surface. The signal processing unit composed of drilling tower, cable, receiving antenna and receiver receives the signal transmitted by the relay station, and performs pre-amplification, filtering, notch wave and AD conversion on the signal and then transmits it to the laptop through the signal line, and the laptop performs data processing. After processing, it will be displayed in the form of a graph and saved. On-site drilling operators can adjust the drilling process and drilling procedures according to the real-time bottom-hole drilling parameters displayed on the laptop, so as to optimize drilling, improve drilling efficiency, and reduce drilling costs. risk etc.

Claims (5)

1. parameter real time monitoring system at the bottom of the deep well drilling mesopore; It is characterized in that: comprise the information collecting device and the sender unit that are installed on the drilling rod and are positioned at the bottom, hole at least; And be positioned at the receiving system on the face of land; Being emitted to receiving system after the information that sender unit collects information collecting device transforms receives; Described information collecting device comprises pressure sensor, temperature pick up, pressure torque pipe nipple and the flow meter that is used to gather various drilling parameters; Described sender unit comprises Acquisition Circuit, radiating circuit, is used for the battery and a pair of inside and outside insulating short section of circuit supply; Acquisition Circuit all is connected with pressure sensor, temperature pick up, pressure torque pipe nipple and flow meter, and the parameter that collects is carried out transferring to radiating circuit after filtering and the digitlization, and radiating circuit is connected with a pair of inside and outside insulating short section that is used to transmit; Described receiving system comprises the signal processing unit that is used for signal reception, amplification, filtering, trap and AD conversion, and passes through the display unit that holding wire is connected with signal processing unit; Be provided with interior pipe in the outer tube of drilling rod; Interior pipe is fixed in the outer tube through upper supporting piece and lower support element; In the pipe, on the pipe, pressure torque pipe nipple and flow meter were installed on the tube wall of outer tube in pressure sensor and temperature pick up were installed in Acquisition Circuit, radiating circuit and battery all were installed on.

2. parameter real time monitoring system at the bottom of the deep well drilling mesopore according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described a pair of inside and outside insulating short section is made up of with the external insulation pipe nipple that is installed on the outer tube wall the interior insulating short section that is installed on the inner pipe wall, and two insulating short sections are cylindric and position correspondence each other.

3. parameter real time monitoring system at the bottom of the deep well drilling mesopore according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: be provided with the relay station that is used for signal reception, amplification and emission between sender unit and the receiving system, described relay station is positioned at the middle part of drilling rod and is fixed in outer tube.

4. parameter real time monitoring system at the bottom of the deep well drilling mesopore according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said signal processing unit comprises reception antenna, boring tower, cable and receiver, and described display unit is a notebook computer.

5. parameter real time monitoring system at the bottom of the deep well drilling mesopore according to claim 4 is characterized in that: an end of reception antenna is installed on the receiver, and the other end of reception antenna inserts in the face of land.