CN102697597A - Operating knife for glaucoma operation and positioning scale thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an operating knife for glaucoma operation and a positioning scale thereof. The operating knife comprises a microscopic operating knife and the positioning scale which is used for forming a U-shaped cutting opening by matching with the microscopic operating knife, wherein the positioning scale is provided with a through-groove; the microscopic operating knife has a flexible structure; the microscopic operating knife further comprises a blade, a knife body and a knife sleeve; and the blade is fixedly connected with the knife body (1 II), and the knife body can retract in the knife sleeve and can reciprocate along the knife sleeve. The glaucoma operating knife component disclosed by the invention can be widely applied to the operation of scleral flaps in the glaucoma trabeculectomy operation, and can ensure the size accuracy of the cutting opening, establish a good basis for the next step of the operation, ensure the operation quality, and reduce the operation risks.

Description

Translated fromChinese

青光眼手术刀及其定位标尺Glaucoma scalpel and its positioning ruler

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种医疗器械，特别涉及一种青光眼手术刀及其定位尺。The invention relates to a medical device, in particular to a glaucoma scalpel and a positioning ruler thereof.

背景技术Background technique

青光眼，是一种眼科常见病和多发病，在眼科是第一位的不可逆致盲性眼病。绝大多数发病隐匿、也可急性发病，危害性大。特征就是眼内压间断或持续性升高导致视神经和视功能损害，表现为视神经萎缩、视野缩小、视力减退，晚期可导致永久性双目失明，部分急性青光眼可在发作后数小时内导致不可逆性失明。小梁切除术是目前治疗青光眼手术中广泛开展的最常用的手术之一。手术一般按以下步骤进行：1.做球结膜瓣，2.制作巩膜瓣，3.小梁切除（深部角巩膜切除），4.周边部虹膜切除，5.缝合巩膜瓣，6.恢复前房，7.缝合球结膜伤口。在制作结膜瓣后，需要先做两条垂直于角膜缘的巩膜角膜切口，前端达角膜缘结膜附止点，然后做一平行于角膜缘的切口，并将三边连起，做成5mm×4mm的矩形角巩膜切口，切口的深度约为1/3～2/3巩膜厚度。操作时医生凭自己的经验直接用显微手术刀在巩膜上切口，即使对于经验丰富的眼科医生，切口的大小和深度往往也难以保持规范的大小和深度，但是对于没什么经验的医生可能不好把握。由于从透明的角膜到完全不透明的巩膜上作切口，且表面光滑并有一定的曲度，手术时往往出现切口深浅不一、刀口歪斜、崎曲、偏移和切口间距不均等现象，甚至出现切穿角巩膜或切口过浅，导致术中制作巩膜瓣困难，出现术中术后并发症，影响手术效果。也有可能会因为患者的轻微移动或者医生的手法不够稳或者其他干扰因素致使切口的边缘不够平顺，切口的深度过深或者过浅都会影响手术的效果。而传统的手术刀刀片都是固定的，长期处于暴露状态，因而可能因为手术人员或者其他接触手术器械的工作人员的一时疏忽，使其被刺伤；在某些紧急情况下，他们必须不断得将手术刀接、递给助手，这时暴露在外的锋利刀片有可能割破或者刺伤医务人员的手，非常的危险。Glaucoma is a common and frequently-occurring disease in ophthalmology, and it is the first irreversible blinding eye disease in ophthalmology. Most of the onset is insidious, and it can also be acute, which is very harmful. The characteristic is that the intermittent or continuous increase in intraocular pressure leads to damage to the optic nerve and visual function, manifested as optic atrophy, reduced visual field, and vision loss. In the late stage, it can lead to permanent blindness in both eyes. Some acute glaucoma can cause irreversible symptoms within a few hours after the onset. Sexual blindness. Trabeculectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the treatment of glaucoma. The operation generally follows the following steps: 1. Make a bulbar conjunctival flap, 2. Make a scleral flap, 3. Trabeculectomy (deep corneoscleral resection), 4. Peripheral iridectomy, 5. Suture the scleral flap, 6. Restoring the anterior chamber , 7. Suture the bulbar conjunctival wound. After the conjunctival flap is made, two sclerocorneal incisions perpendicular to the limbus need to be made first, and the front end reaches the conjunctival attachment point of the limbus, and then an incision parallel to the limbus is made, and the three sides are connected to make a 5mm× 4mm rectangular corneoscleral incision, the depth of the incision is about 1/3 to 2/3 of the thickness of the sclera. During the operation, the doctor directly uses a micro-scalpel to make an incision on the sclera based on his own experience. Even for experienced ophthalmologists, the size and depth of the incision are often difficult to maintain the standard size and depth, but it may not be good for inexperienced doctors grasp. Since the incision is made from the transparent cornea to the completely opaque sclera, and the surface is smooth and has a certain curvature, the incisions often have different depths, skewed, curved, offset, and uneven incision spacing during surgery, and even Cutting through the corneosclera or making the incision too shallow will make it difficult to make a scleral flap during the operation, and there will be intraoperative and postoperative complications, which will affect the surgical effect. It is also possible that the edge of the incision is not smooth due to slight movement of the patient, insufficient stability of the doctor's technique, or other interference factors. Too deep or too shallow an incision will affect the effect of the operation. The traditional scalpel blades are all fixed and exposed for a long time, so they may be stabbed due to the negligence of surgical personnel or other staff who touch surgical instruments; When receiving and handing the scalpel to the assistant, the exposed sharp blade may cut or stab the hands of the medical staff, which is very dangerous.

因此，需要对传统的方式进行改进，在对青光眼手术过程中的巩膜做切口时能够保证切口规则、平直、整齐，为下一步骤的手术奠定良好的基础，从而减少手术并发症，提高手术质量，降低手术风险。同时，也能避免医务工作者在接触手术刀时受到伤害，便于手术刀的保存和使用。Therefore, it is necessary to improve the traditional method. When making an incision on the sclera during glaucoma surgery, it can ensure that the incision is regular, straight, and neat, and lay a good foundation for the next step of surgery, thereby reducing surgical complications and improving surgical efficiency. quality and reduce surgical risk. At the same time, it can also prevent medical workers from being injured when touching the scalpel, and facilitates the preservation and use of the scalpel.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明的一种青光眼手术刀及其定位标尺，普遍用于青光眼小梁切除手术中巩膜瓣的操作，能够保证切口规则、平直、整齐，为下一步骤的手术奠定良好的基础，从而减少手术并发症，提高手术质量，降低手术风险。同时，也能避免医务工作者在接触手术刀时受到伤害，便于手术刀的保存和使用。In view of this, a kind of glaucoma scalpel and its positioning scale of the present invention are generally used in the operation of scleral flap in glaucoma trabeculectomy operation, which can ensure regular, straight and tidy incision, and lay a good foundation for the operation in the next step. In order to reduce surgical complications, improve surgical quality, and reduce surgical risks. At the same time, it can also prevent medical workers from being injured when touching the scalpel, and facilitates the preservation and use of the scalpel.

本发明的一种青光眼手术用定位标尺，通过协助手术刀平稳运行形成直角U形切口，所述定位标尺上设有横向和纵向与手术刀刀片相适应的通槽。A positioning scale for glaucoma surgery of the present invention forms a right-angled U-shaped incision by assisting the smooth operation of the scalpel, and the positioning scale is provided with through grooves adapted to the blade of the scalpel in the horizontal and vertical directions.

进一步，所述定位标尺为直角U形结构；Further, the positioning scale is a right-angled U-shaped structure;

进一步，所述定位标尺端部纵向设置有防止定位标尺滑动的定位齿；Further, the end of the positioning scale is longitudinally provided with positioning teeth to prevent the sliding of the positioning scale;

进一步，所述通槽为3条并沿定位标尺形成盲端互不连通的直角U形；Further, there are 3 through grooves and form a right-angled U-shape with blind ends not connected to each other along the positioning scale;

进一步，所述定位标尺设有手柄，所述手柄与定位标尺相连处成30°--90角；Further, the positioning scale is provided with a handle, and the connection between the handle and the positioning scale forms an angle of 30°--90°;

进一步，一种青光眼手术刀，包括刀片、刀杆和刀柄，所述刀杆可伸出和缩入刀柄内；Further, a glaucoma surgical knife includes a blade, a knife rod and a handle, and the knife rod can extend and retract into the handle;

进一步，所述刀片与刀杆固定连接，所述刀片与刀杆之间设置有用以限位的轴肩；Further, the blade is fixedly connected to the knife rod, and a shoulder for limiting is provided between the blade and the knife rod;

进一步，所述刀套设有压纹。Further, the knife sleeve is provided with embossing.

本实用发明的有益效果：本发明的一种青光眼手术刀及其定位标尺，普遍用于青光眼小梁切除手术中巩膜瓣的操作，能够保证切口规则、平直、整齐，为下一步骤的手术奠定良好的基础，从而减少手术并发症，提高手术质量，降低手术风险。同时，也能避免医务工作者在接触手术刀时受到伤害，便于手术刀的保存和使用。Beneficial effects of the present invention: a glaucoma scalpel and its positioning scale of the present invention are generally used for the operation of the scleral flap in the glaucoma trabeculectomy operation, and can ensure regular, straight and orderly incision, which is the next step of the operation. Lay a good foundation, thereby reducing surgical complications, improving surgical quality, and reducing surgical risks. At the same time, it can also prevent medical workers from being injured when touching the scalpel, and facilitates the preservation and use of the scalpel.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明图1剖视图。Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

图1为本发明的结构示意图，图2为本发明图1剖视图，如图所示：本实施例的青光眼手术用定位尺，通过协助手术刀平稳运行形成直角U形切口，所述定位标尺上设有横向和纵向与手术刀刀片相适应的通槽21；沿着通槽21手术刀平稳运行，通槽21的槽宽度略大于手术刀刀片的厚度,一般为1mm，保证手术刀的运行顺畅。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the positioning ruler for glaucoma surgery of the present embodiment forms a right-angle U-shaped incision by assisting the smooth operation of the scalpel, and the positioning ruler is There is a throughgroove 21 adapted to the scalpel blade horizontally and vertically; the scalpel runs smoothly along the throughgroove 21, and the groove width of the throughgroove 21 is slightly greater than the thickness of the scalpel blade, generally 1mm, to ensure smooth operation of the scalpel .

本实施例中，所述定位标尺为U形结构；便于在巩膜上直接形成U形的切口。In this embodiment, the positioning scale is a U-shaped structure; it is convenient to directly form a U-shaped incision on the sclera.

本实施例中，所述定位标尺端部纵向设置有防止定位标尺滑动的定位齿23；由于巩膜富有一定曲度，且表面滑润，定位齿可以防止定位标尺沿纵横方向滑动。In this embodiment, the end of the positioning scale is longitudinally provided with positioning teeth 23 to prevent the sliding of the positioning scale; since the sclera is rich in a certain curvature and has a smooth surface, the positioning teeth can prevent the positioning scale from sliding in the vertical and horizontal directions.

本实施例中，所述通槽21为3条并沿定位标尺形成盲端互不连通的直角U形；如果盲端连通，切口的拐角则不好把握，纵向2条通槽之间的距离为5mm，单条通槽的长度为4mm,相；邻两通槽之间非连通的距离为0.5mm，手术刀沿通槽21的走向在巩膜上形成4mm×5mm的直角U形切口，切口拐角处的0.5mm连接膜直接用手术刀挑开，确保切口的规则和准确。In this embodiment, there are three throughslots 21 and a right-angled U-shape with blind ends not connected to each other is formed along the positioning scale; The length of a single channel is 4mm, and the distance between two adjacent channels is 0.5mm. The scalpel forms a 4mm×5mm right-angle U-shaped incision on the sclera along the direction of thechannel 21. The corner of the incision is The 0.5mm connecting membrane at the center is directly opened with a scalpel to ensure regular and accurate incision.

本实施例中，所述定位标尺设有手柄22，所述手柄22与定位标尺相连处成30°--90°角；便于定位标尺的操作。In this embodiment, the positioning scale is provided with ahandle 22, and the connection between thehandle 22 and the positioning scale forms an angle of 30°--90°; it is convenient for the operation of the positioning scale.

本实施例的一种青光眼手术刀，包括刀片13、刀杆12和刀柄11，所述刀杆12可伸出和缩入刀柄11内；安全系数高，使用方便，当刀片13处于非操作状态时，可以将其隐藏起来，通过逆弹簧作用力伸出或者通过螺栓旋出来，刀片13即处于操作位置。A kind of glaucoma scalpel of the present embodiment comprisesblade 13, knife rod 12 andknife handle 11, and described knife rod 12 can stretch out and retract in theknife handle 11; Safety factor is high, easy to use, whenblade 13 is in non- During the operating state, it can be hidden, and theblade 13 is in the operating position by stretching out against the force of the spring or by screwing out the bolt.

本实施例中，所述刀片13与刀杆12固定连接，所述刀片13与刀杆12之间设置有用以限位的轴肩14；轴肩14接触定位标尺通槽两边的接触面时对青光眼手术刀刀片13的切入深度起到限位作用。In this embodiment, theblade 13 is fixedly connected to the knife bar 12, and ashaft shoulder 14 for limiting is arranged between theblade 13 and the knife bar 12; The depth of incision of theglaucoma scalpel blade 13 plays a limiting role.

本实施例中，所述刀柄11设有压纹；便于握持。In this embodiment, thehandle 11 is provided with embossing; it is convenient to hold.

本实施例中，青光眼手术用定位标尺和青光眼手术刀配合使用，手术刀的限位轴肩14与定位标尺的配合对刀片13的切入深度起到限位的作用。In this embodiment, the positioning scale for glaucoma surgery is used in conjunction with the glaucoma scalpel, and the cooperation of thelimiting shoulder 14 of the scalpel and the positioning scale can limit the cutting depth of theblade 13 .

最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an operation for glaucoma is used Position Scale, it is characterized in that: form right angle U-shaped otch through the even running of assisting operation cutter, said Position Scale is provided with the horizontal and vertical groove (21) that adapts with scalpel blade (13).

2. operation for glaucoma according to claim 1 is used positioning rule, it is characterized in that: said Position Scale is a right angle U-shaped structure.

3. operation for glaucoma according to claim 2 is used positioning rule, it is characterized in that: said Position Scale end is vertically arranged with the positioning tooth (23) that prevents that Position Scale from sliding.

4. operation for glaucoma according to claim 3 is used positioning rule, it is characterized in that: said groove (21) is 3 and forms the mutual disconnected right angle of cecum U-shaped along Position Scale.

5. operation for glaucoma according to claim 4 is used positioning rule, it is characterized in that: said Position Scale is provided with handle (22), and said handle becomes 30 ° with the Position Scale connecting place--90 ° of angles.

6. operation for glaucoma cutter is characterized in that: comprise blade (13), knife bar (12) and handle of a knife (11), said knife bar (12) can stretch out with retraction handle of a knife (11) in.

7. operation for glaucoma cutter according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said blade (13) is fixedly connected with knife bar (12), is provided with in order to the spacing shaft shoulder (14) between said blade (13) and the knife bar (12).

8. operation for glaucoma according to claim 7 is used positioning rule, it is characterized in that: said handle of a knife (11) is provided with embossing.

Images