CN102694373A - Intelligent electronic device using transient fault information and relay protection method - Google Patents
Intelligent electronic device using transient fault information and relay protection methodDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the power system automation technology field, relate to a kind of intelligent electronic device and relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message.
Background technology
Be one of effective measures that improve transmission line delivering power and enhanced system transient stability the operate time that reduces relaying protection.Accurately discern, handle and utilize the transient state fault message, just can only need the time of 1 ~ 3ms usually, therefore can realize the ultrahigh speed action of relaying protection in the correct judgement fault in the short time of the utmost point after fault takes place.But; The protection philosophy that protective relaying device adopted of present on-the-spot extensive use is to be based upon on the basis of power frequency electric parameters; Methods such as common employing filtering are eliminated the influence of transient process to protection; The transient state fault message often is regarded as harmful interference and is filtered out, and has so just prolonged the operate time of protection.And the relaying protection that only utilizes the transient state fault message still rests on principle, algorithm research stage, and the practicability difficulty is bigger.
Along with the rise and the development of intelligent grid, optical electron formula instrument transformer, fiber optic Ethernet communication, high-performance hardware platform, IEC61850 and IEEE1588 standard have obtained rapid progress in the application of intelligent substation.These not only make effective utilization of transient state fault message become possibility, and can realize the multifunctional all of intelligent electronic device, reduce equipment cost and operation and maintenance cost.Optical electron formula instrument transformer has good transient response characteristic, accurate recording transient process; Wide dynamic range can satisfy the dual requirements of high-precision measuring and protection simultaneously.Being applied as of fiber optic Ethernet communication and IEC61850 realizes that information sharing standardization, multiple function integration provide condition.The high-performance hardware platform can satisfy the fast processing transient signal, carry out the requirement of multiple function.Adopt the IEEE1588 network to the time, precision reaches 1ms.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent electronic device and relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message,, improve range accuracy, realize multifunctional all to reduce the operate time of relaying protection.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message of the present invention comprises range finding record mode piece, protection module and the control module of communicating by letter and being connected with process layer, station level respectively through process layer communication module, station level communication module, and said protection module is respectively applied for the transient state fault message of uploading according to the process layer with range finding record mode piece and carries out Fault Identification, route protection and fault localization, record ripple; Said station level communication module also serial communication is connected with human-machine interface module.
Further, be provided with FPGA between said protection module and the process layer communication module, this FPGA is connected with protection module, process layer communication module through parallel bus respectively.
Further, be equipped with in said process layer communication module and the station level communication module network to the time module and ethernet interface module.
Further, said range finding record mode piece, protection module, control module all adopt the 100Mbps Ethernet to be connected with the station level communication module, and range finding record mode piece, control module all adopt the 100Mbps Ethernet to be connected with process layer communication module.
Further; This intelligent electronic device correspondence with foreign country all adopts Ethernet; Point-to-point fiber optic Ethernet is adopted in the transmission of sampled value between the merge cells wherein and in the process layer, and host-host protocol meets IEC61850-9-2, and the point-to-point Ethernet of GOOSE is adopted in the transmission of the switching value between the intelligent terminal; And adopt GOOSE network service between other bay device; And adopt MMS network service between the station level equipment; To the time adopt the IEEE1588 network to the time.
The relay protecting method step of transient state fault message of utilizing of the present invention is following:
(1) protection module of intelligent electronic device reads three-phase voltage, the current sampling data that the process layer is uploaded;
(2) based on after the starting component action that improves gradient algorithm, extract the transient state fault component that starts moment back 1 ~ 3ms;
(3),, then send trip signal if wherein two or more criterions determine fault and occur in protected circuit according to fault direction, polarity, carry out Fault Identification apart from criterion; If do not determine the protected circuit fault, then switch the traditional protection that gets into reaction power frequency electric parameters, carry out corresponding fault distinguishing.
Further; In the said step (2) based on the starting component start-up criterion of improving gradient algorithm be: the current failure component is carried out phase-model transformation, resulting line modulus is adopted improve gradient algorithm, 3 data sums deduct preceding 3 the data sums of current point after the current point; Obtain the Grad of current point; If this value is greater than starting definite value, then the moment at current point place is and starts constantly, the starting component action.
Further, protection module and circuit offside intelligent electronic device connect and compose pilot protection through communication port in the said step (3), and to obtain the transient state fault message of circuit offside, the criterion of fault direction, polarity, distance is respectively:
A) working voltage, current temporary state fault component utilize behind medium filtering and before the modulus, instead to go the ratio of time domain energy of ripple and differentiate fault direction: if the ratio of time domain energy is the forward fault less than definite value; Otherwise, be reverse fault; Obtain the fault direction information of circuit offside through communication port,, then differentiate fault and occur in protected circuit if be the forward fault;
B) use the current temporary state fault component, if circuit two ends electric current initial row ripple same polarity then is judged to be troubles inside the sample space, heteropolarity then is judged to be external area error;
C) use the current temporary state fault component to demarcate the time that electric current initial row ripple arrives this side intelligent electronic device installation place; Obtain circuit offside recorded current initial row ripple time of advent through communication port; If the difference of both times is more than or equal to the ratio of protected circuit length and transient current velocity of wave; Then be external area error, otherwise be troubles inside the sample space.
Further, to utilize the range finding of transient state fault message be that the difference that initial row ripple through the line-internal fault generating arrives the absolute time of said intelligent electronic device installation place, circuit two ends calculates fault distance to range finding record mode piece; Range finding record mode piece adopts the interpolation fitting method to approach real due in.
Further, the record ripple of range finding record mode piece adopts that second generation Wavelet Transformation Algorithm---boosting algorithm carries out the fault recorder data lossless compress, adopts the variation overall process after mass-memory unit record electricity system receives various disturbances.
The intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message of the present invention; Follow the IEC61850 standard; Adopt many CPU distributed frame; Comprise process layer communication module, protection module, range finding record mode piece, control module, station level communication module and human-machine interface module, multiple functions such as integrated protection, range finding, record ripple and observing and controlling.Adopt FPGA to carry out the parallel data exchange between process layer communication module and the protection module, can transmit data in enormous quantities fast, fully guarantee the real-time of protection.The correspondence with foreign country of intelligent electronic device all adopts Ethernet; Process layer communication module receives the transient signal of the optical electron formula instrument transformer progress of disease through the mode of adopting directly; The main 100Mbps Ethernet that adopts is realized the quick transmission and the parallel processing of data between inner each module.The present invention is applicable to existing intelligent substation, need not increase or transform miscellaneous equipment newly, has improved protective value and range accuracy, has realized multifunctional all, has reduced equipment cost and operation and maintenance cost.
The relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message of the present invention; The utmost point after fault takes place is in the short time (1 ~ 3ms); Accurately transient state fault messages such as identification fault direction, the initial polarity of traveling wave of electric current and electric current initial row ripple time of advent adopt three to get two logics, constitute pilot protection; Both realize the quick acting of defencive function, also improved the reliability of action; If utilize the transient state fault message not determine the protected circuit fault, then switch entering traditional protection principle, carry out corresponding fault distinguishing, the utilization of transient state fault message further improves protective value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an intelligent electronic device IED structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the application sketch map of IED in intelligent substation;
Fig. 3 is the protection module workflow diagram of IED.
Embodiment
Utilizing difficult problem to the transient state fault message is actual in relaying protection, the utilization of transient state fault message is combined with the ripe principle of existing protective relaying device, respectively get the chief, complement one another, is a kind of effective solution.
The structure of multifunctional all intelligent electronic device IED is as shown in Figure 1; This intelligent electronic device IED comprises process layer communication module, protection module, range finding record mode piece, control module, station level communication module and human-machine interface module, and multiple functions such as integrated protection, range finding, record ripple and observing and controlling are in one.
The application of intelligent electronic device IED in intelligent substation is as shown in Figure 2, and IED belongs to bay device, follows the IEC61850 standard, and correspondence with foreign country all adopts Ethernet:
A) with the employing mode of " directly adopting straight jumping " that is connected of process layer equipment (merge cells, intelligent terminal); Promptly and the sampled value between the merge cells (SV) transmission adopt point-to-point fiber optic Ethernet; Host-host protocol meets IEC61850-9-2, and the point-to-point Ethernet of GOOSE is adopted in the transmission of the switching value between the intelligent terminal.Can reduce the Network Transmission time-delay like this, accelerate the responsiveness of IED protection module.
B) adopt GOOSE network service and between other bay device.
C) adopt MMS network service and between the station level equipment (supervisory control system).
D) to the time adopt the IEEE1588 network to the time, precision reaches 1ms.
The hardware systems of intelligent electronic device IED adopts many CPU distributed frame.Process layer communication module on the one hand carries out preliminary treatment and is distributed to said protection module, range finding record mode piece and control module fast carrying out the processing of function separately to data such as the sampled value that receives from the process layer, switching value inputs, receives on the other hand from the data such as switching value output of said protection module, control module and sends to the process layer.The station level communication module converges the result of protection module, range finding record mode piece and control module and sends to station level, receives data such as control command and definite value from station level and issues; Also receive the input information of human-machine interface module (MMI), send the output information that needs demonstration to said MMI.
Data in high speed exchange is that can IED realize that the transient state fault message utilizes and one of the key technology of function integration between each module.Seeing that correspondence with foreign country is Ethernet and ethernet communication is reliable at a high speed; The data transaction that need carry out during for fear of the multiple means of communication of use; Reduce the hardware kind, simplify software design, the 100Mbps Ethernet is still mainly adopted in the data in high speed exchange between each module.Data exchange ways between each module is following:
A) adopt FPGA (including dual port RAM) to carry out the parallel data exchange between process layer communication module and the protection module, can transmit data in enormous quantities fast, fully guarantee the real-time of protection.
B) the exchanges data real-time between station level communication module and the MMI is less demanding, adopts serial RS232 communication mode.
C) between process layer communication module and the range finding record mode piece, between process layer communication module and the control module, between protection module and the station level communication module, between range finding record mode piece and the station level communication module, between control module and the station level communication module; All adopt the 100Mbps Ethernet, realize data in high speed exchange and parallel processing.
Aforesaid way has proposed very high request to the traffic handling capability of CPU.Therefore, said IED is except that MMI, and other each module adopts MPC8358 processor, this processor frequencies 400MHz, and integrated PowerPC kernel and private communication processing module can provide to reach 8 100M Ethernet interfaces.The MMI module adopts single-chip microcomputer.
In order to obtain the transient state fault message, process layer equipment need satisfy following requirement:
A) adopt optical electron formula instrument transformer, the three-phase voltage and the electric current of transmission line can be provided, frequency response range at least from direct current to 100 subharmonic.
B) merge cells output sampling rate should be weekly 400 in ripple and more than.
Utilize the step of relay protecting method of transient state fault message following:
(1) protection module of intelligent electronic device reads three-phase voltage, the current sampling data that the process layer is uploaded;
(2) based on after the starting component action that improves gradient algorithm, extract the transient state fault component that starts moment back 1 ~ 3ms;
(3) carry out Fault Identification according to fault direction, fault polarity and fault distance criterion, adopt three to get two logics, promptly two or more criterions determine fault and occur in protected circuit, then send trip signal; If do not determine the protected circuit fault, then switch the traditional protection that gets into reaction power frequency electric parameters, carry out corresponding fault distinguishing.
The transient state fault message embodies a concentrated reflection of in the fault initial row ripple, can detect fault according to the characteristic of fault initial row ripple, finds range.IED is mainly reflected in protection module and the range finding record mode piece the utilization of transient state fault message.
The protection module software flow pattern of IED is as shown in Figure 3, and the protection of claiming among this figure to utilize the transient state fault message is distinguished with traditional protection for protection fast mutually.Protection module is after moving based on the starting component that improves gradient algorithm, and the transient state fault component of back 1 ~ 3ms---data window length is relevant with protected circuit length, and fault initial row ripple promptly is included in this data window constantly to extract startup.Then, carry out Fault Identification according to following 3 criterions:
A) working voltage, current temporary state fault component utilize behind medium filtering and before the modulus, instead to go the ratio of time domain energy of ripple and differentiate fault direction: if the ratio of time domain energy is the forward fault less than definite value; Otherwise, be reverse fault.Obtain the fault direction information of circuit offside through communication port,, then differentiate fault and occur in protected circuit if be the forward fault.
B) use the current temporary state fault component, if circuit two ends electric current initial row ripple same polarity then is judged to be troubles inside the sample space, heteropolarity then is judged to be external area error.
C) use the current temporary state fault component; Accurately demarcate the time (precision reaches 1ms) that electric current initial row ripple arrives the said IED of this side installation place; Obtain circuit offside recorded current initial row ripple time of advent through communication port; If the difference of both times then is external area error, otherwise is troubles inside the sample space more than or equal to the ratio of protected circuit length and transient current velocity of wave.
In order to guarantee the reliability of said protection module action, said 3 criterions adopt three to get two logics, promptly have only two or more criterions to determine fault and occur in protected circuit, just send trip signal.Said 3 criterions all need the transient state fault message of circuit offside, so protection module and circuit offside IED connect and compose pilot protection through communication port, to obtain the transient state fault message of circuit offside.
If protection module utilizes the transient state fault message not determine the protected circuit fault, then switch the traditional protection principle that gets into reaction power frequency electric parameters, carry out corresponding fault distinguishing.Therefore, the utilization of transient state fault message only can make protective value be improved, and can't reduce the performance of original protection.
Starting component based on improving gradient algorithm is: the current failure component is carried out phase-model transformation; Resulting line modulus is adopted the improvement gradient algorithm; Be that 3 data sums deduct preceding 3 the data sums of current point after the current point, obtain the Grad of current point, if this value is greater than starting definite value; Then the moment at current point place is and starts constantly, the starting component action.
Range finding record mode piece utilizes the range measurement principle of transient state fault message to be: the difference that the initial row ripple through the line-internal fault generating arrives the absolute time of said IED installation place, circuit two ends calculates fault distance.The key that influences range accuracy is accurately to obtain the time that fault initial row ripple arrives said IED installation place.The application of gps system and IEEE1588 standard can make the time synchronization error of the said IED in circuit two ends be no more than 1ms.But; Because merge cells output sampling rate limited (more than 400 in ripple reaches weekly); Possibly can't collect the real due in of fault initial row ripple, said range finding record mode piece adopts the method for interpolation fitting to approach real due in as much as possible, improves distance measuring precision.
Range finding record mode piece also utilizes the calculating of carrying out fault distance based on the range measurement principle of power frequency amount.The range finding result of two kinds of methods can compare with the physical fault distance, with further improvement location algorithm.
Range finding record mode piece employing second generation Wavelet Transformation Algorithm---boosting algorithm carries out the fault recorder data lossless compress; Adopt the variation overall process after the electric power system of mass-memory unit (Flash) complete documentation receives various disturbances, for the analysis of system dynamic course provides basic data.
The function of control module is identical with the observing and controlling function of traditional measure and control device, repeats no more at this.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the non-limiting technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although with reference to the foregoing description the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; Still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not break away from any modification or the local replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message; It is characterized in that; Comprise range finding record mode piece, protection module and the control module of communicating by letter and being connected with process layer, station level respectively through process layer communication module, station level communication module, said protection module is respectively applied for the transient state fault message of uploading according to the process layer with range finding record mode piece and carries out Fault Identification, route protection and fault localization, record ripple; Said station level communication module also serial communication is connected with human-machine interface module.
2. the intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with FPGA between said protection module and the process layer communication module, and this FPGA is connected with protection module, process layer communication module through parallel bus respectively.
3. the intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 1 is characterized in that, be equipped with in said process layer communication module and the station level communication module network to the time module and ethernet interface module.
4. the intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said range finding record mode piece, protection module, control module all adopt the 100Mbps Ethernet to be connected with the station level communication module, and range finding record mode piece, control module all adopt the 100Mbps Ethernet to be connected with process layer communication module.
5. according to each described intelligent electronic device that utilizes the transient state fault message among the claim 1-4; It is characterized in that; This intelligent electronic device correspondence with foreign country all adopts Ethernet; Point-to-point fiber optic Ethernet is adopted in the transmission of sampled value between the merge cells wherein and in the process layer, and host-host protocol meets IEC61850-9-2, and the point-to-point Ethernet of GOOSE is adopted in the transmission of the switching value between the intelligent terminal; And adopt GOOSE network service between other bay device; And adopt MMS network service between the station level equipment; To the time adopt the IEEE1588 network to the time.
6. a relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message is characterized in that, the step of this method is following:
(1) protection module of intelligent electronic device reads three-phase voltage, the current sampling data that the process layer is uploaded;
(2) based on after the starting component action that improves gradient algorithm, extract the transient state fault component that starts moment back 1 ~ 3ms;
(3),, then send trip signal if wherein two or more criterions determine fault and occur in protected circuit according to fault direction, polarity, carry out Fault Identification apart from criterion; If do not determine the protected circuit fault, then switch the traditional protection that gets into reaction power frequency electric parameters, carry out corresponding fault distinguishing.
7. the relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; In the said step (2) based on the starting component start-up criterion of improving gradient algorithm be: the current failure component is carried out phase-model transformation, resulting line modulus is adopted improve gradient algorithm, 3 data sums deduct preceding 3 the data sums of current point after the current point; Obtain the Grad of current point; If this value is greater than starting definite value, then the moment at current point place is and starts constantly, the starting component action.
8. the relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Protection module and circuit offside intelligent electronic device connect and compose pilot protection through communication port in the said step (3); To obtain the transient state fault message of circuit offside, the criterion of fault direction, polarity, distance is respectively:
A) working voltage, current temporary state fault component utilize behind medium filtering and before the modulus, instead to go the ratio of time domain energy of ripple and differentiate fault direction: if the ratio of time domain energy is the forward fault less than definite value; Otherwise, be reverse fault; Obtain the fault direction information of circuit offside through communication port,, then differentiate fault and occur in protected circuit if be the forward fault;
B) use the current temporary state fault component, if circuit two ends electric current initial row ripple same polarity then is judged to be troubles inside the sample space, heteropolarity then is judged to be external area error;
C) use the current temporary state fault component to demarcate the time that electric current initial row ripple arrives this side intelligent electronic device installation place; Obtain circuit offside recorded current initial row ripple time of advent through communication port; If the difference of both times is more than or equal to the ratio of protected circuit length and transient current velocity of wave; Then be external area error, otherwise be troubles inside the sample space.
9. according to each described relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message among the claim 6-8; It is characterized in that it is that the difference that initial row ripple through the line-internal fault generating arrives the absolute time of said intelligent electronic device installation place, circuit two ends calculates fault distance that range finding record mode piece utilizes the range finding of transient state fault message; Range finding record mode piece adopts the interpolation fitting method to approach real due in.
10. the relay protecting method that utilizes the transient state fault message according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; The record ripple of range finding record mode piece adopts that second generation Wavelet Transformation Algorithm---boosting algorithm carries out the fault recorder data lossless compress, adopts the variation overall process after mass-memory unit record electricity system receives various disturbances.
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| CN108427089A (en)* | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-21 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | A kind of test system and method for non-contact distributed range-measurement system |
| CN109713706A (en)* | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-03 | 山东大学 | The single-ended ultra- high speed protection method in alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system inverter side alternating current circuit |
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| CN118739216A (en)* | 2024-09-04 | 2024-10-01 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A transmission line traveling wave protection method and system |
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