


技术领域technical field
本发明涉及生物医学研究领域,特别涉及一种适用于在不同心跳频率下,对人体动脉瘤内血液流动情况进行循环模拟的的体外仿生循环实验系统。The invention relates to the field of biomedical research, in particular to an in vitro bionic circulatory experiment system suitable for circulatory simulation of blood flow in human aneurysms under different heartbeat frequencies.
背景技术Background technique
人体血液流动体外仿生循环实验系统是利用流动相似性原理来模拟真实血液流动情况,从而得到与真实血液流动相近的信息。体外仿生实验系统成本低、操作性强,实验结论与真实情形接近度高,故被广泛采用到现代生物医学研究领域。The human blood flow in vitro bionic circulation experiment system uses the principle of flow similarity to simulate the real blood flow, so as to obtain information similar to the real blood flow. The in vitro bionic experimental system is low in cost, strong in operability, and the experimental conclusion is close to the real situation, so it is widely used in the field of modern biomedical research.
目前,模拟在给定心率下人体内血液流动的体外仿生实验循环系统在国内外已经较多,其中典型的研究如文献【1】Zhang X,Yao Z,Zhang Y,et al.Experimental and computational studies on the flow fields in aorticaneurysms associated with deployment of AAA sten-grafts.Acta MechSin,2007,23:495-501和文献【2】Lieber BB,Livescu V,Hopkins LN,et al.Particle image velocimetry assessment of stent design influence onintra-aneurysmal flow[J].Annals of Biomedical Engineer ing,2002,30:768-777。但是人体心率的分布范围较宽正常成人心率在60次/分到100次/分之间均有分布,在此区间之外的心率通常为病态心率。而心跳频率的变化对血流动力学因素产生着重要的影响,对动脉瘤的形成、生长、破裂和瘤内血栓的形成有着密切的关系。为此开展研究心跳频率与血流动力学因素之间作用机制的研究,对了解和认识动脉瘤的发展演化过程及瘤内血栓的形成机理显得尤为必要和有意义。At present, there are many in vitro bionic experimental circulatory systems at home and abroad that simulate the blood flow in the human body at a given heart rate, and typical studies such as literature [1] Zhang X, Yao Z, Zhang Y, et al.Experimental and computational studies on the flow fields in aorticaneurysms associated with deployment of AAA sten-grafts. Acta MechSin, 2007, 23: 495-501 and literature [2] Lieber BB, Livescu V, Hopkins LN, et al.Particle image velocity assessment of stent design influence onintra-aneurysmal flow [J]. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2002, 30: 768-777. However, the distribution range of the human heart rate is relatively wide. The normal adult heart rate is distributed between 60 beats per minute and 100 beats per minute. The heart rate outside this interval is usually a pathological heart rate. The change of heartbeat frequency has an important impact on hemodynamic factors, and is closely related to the formation, growth, rupture and intratumoral thrombus formation of aneurysm. Therefore, it is necessary and meaningful to study the mechanism of the relationship between heart rate and hemodynamic factors to understand the development and evolution of aneurysms and the formation mechanism of intratumoral thrombus.
人体血液的流动状态在不同心跳频率下,对血流速度、壁面剪切应力及瘤内涡流的影响规律均不同,而心跳频率在传统的体外仿生实验研究中,目前无法实现快速和精确的调节。故对不同心跳频率下血液流动状态的模拟造成了较大的局限性,从而不利于对研究心率变化与血流动力学因素之间的作用机制,给认识和了解动脉瘤的发展演化过程和瘤内血栓的形成机理带来很大困难。The flow state of human blood has different effects on blood flow velocity, wall shear stress and intratumoral eddy current at different heartbeat frequencies, and the heartbeat frequency cannot be quickly and accurately adjusted in traditional in vitro bionic experimental research. . Therefore, the simulation of the blood flow state at different heartbeat frequencies has caused great limitations, which is not conducive to the study of the mechanism of action between heart rate changes and hemodynamic factors, and to understand the development and evolution of aneurysms and aneurysms. The formation mechanism of internal thrombus poses great difficulties.
为了能够研究心跳频率对血流动力学因素的影响机制,需要一个能够很好模拟心脏蠕动的蠕动泵,而心脏的蠕动对人体动脉管内的血液流动状态的两个参数要求很高。第一个参数即为表征流体流动状态的雷诺数。第二参数为表征真实血流脉动程度的沃莫斯利数。这两个参数值的大小范围决定了体外仿生实验血流状态与真实动脉瘤管内的血流状态是否近似,也决定了整个体外仿生实验系统的有效性和合理性。In order to be able to study the influence mechanism of heartbeat frequency on hemodynamic factors, a peristaltic pump that can well simulate the peristalsis of the heart is needed, and the peristalsis of the heart has high requirements on the two parameters of the blood flow state in the human arterial tube. The first parameter is the Reynolds number that characterizes the fluid flow state. The second parameter is the Warmersley number that characterizes the degree of real blood pulsation. The range of these two parameters determines whether the blood flow state in the in vitro bionic experiment is similar to that in the real aneurysm tube, and also determines the effectiveness and rationality of the entire in vitro bionic experiment system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于提供了一种模拟人体动脉瘤内血液流动的体外仿生循环实验系统,它能够模拟不同心跳频率下,动脉瘤内的血液流动状态,为获取瘤体内部的血流速度分布、瘤体壁面剪切应力、瘤内涡流等数据提供便利。The object of the present invention is to provide an in vitro bionic circulation experimental system for simulating the blood flow in the aneurysm of the human body, which can simulate the blood flow state in the aneurysm under different heartbeat frequencies, and to obtain the blood flow velocity distribution inside the aneurysm, the aneurysm It provides convenience for data such as body wall shear stress and intratumoral eddy current.
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:包括通过管路相连、并形成闭合循环回路的上、下储液箱,在上、下储液箱内设置有流体工质,上储液箱的出口经硅胶软管与层流发生器相连通,且该硅胶软管穿过蠕动泵,层流发生器经橡胶管与实验段、流量计及下储液箱的入口相连,下储液箱的出口经橡胶管与上储液箱的入口相连,且在该管道上还安装有循环泵。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve: it includes upper and lower liquid storage tanks connected by pipelines and forming a closed circulation loop, fluid working medium is arranged in the upper and lower liquid storage tanks, and the upper liquid storage tank The outlet of the tank is connected to the laminar flow generator through a silicone hose, and the silicone hose passes through the peristaltic pump, and the laminar flow generator is connected to the experimental section, the flow meter and the inlet of the lower liquid storage tank through the rubber tube, and the lower liquid storage tank The outlet of the tank is connected with the inlet of the upper liquid storage tank through a rubber tube, and a circulation pump is also installed on the pipeline.
所述的上、下储液箱采用10mm厚有机玻璃加工制作而成。The upper and lower liquid storage tanks are made of plexiglass with a thickness of 10 mm.
所述的上储液箱1出口的压力为13kPa,且在上储液箱1的出口硅胶软管上安装有阀门。The pressure at the outlet of the upper
所述的蠕动泵的转速可调,其转速为60rpm~120rpm,且硅胶软管穿过蠕动泵泵头固定轴与蠕动泵挤压轮之间。The rotating speed of the peristaltic pump is adjustable, and the rotating speed is 60rpm-120rpm, and the silicone hose passes between the fixed shaft of the pump head of the peristaltic pump and the extrusion wheel of the peristaltic pump.
所述的层流发生器由内径为1mm、外径为1.1mm、长度为10cm的空心细管捆扎而成,并穿过橡胶管。The laminar flow generator is bundled with thin hollow tubes with an inner diameter of 1 mm, an outer diameter of 1.1 mm and a length of 10 cm, and passes through the rubber tube.
所述的实验段固定于有机玻璃腔内,该有机玻璃腔填充满流体工质。The test section is fixed in a plexiglass cavity, and the plexiglass cavity is filled with fluid working medium.
所述的流体工质采用甘油水溶液,其温度为25±1℃,运动粘度为12.38×10-6m2/s,质量分数为64%,密度为1.125g/cm3。The working fluid is glycerol aqueous solution, the temperature is 25±1°C, the kinematic viscosity is 12.38×10-6 m2 /s, the mass fraction is 64%, and the density is 1.125g/cm3 .
本发明通过硅胶软管和橡胶管连通,流体工质从上储液箱出口出来经硅胶软管、蠕动泵、层流发生器和像胶管进入到实验段,后经流量计流入到下储液箱,再经循环泵使流体回至上储液箱,完成整个循环流动过程。通过调节蠕动泵转速来模拟心脏跳动频率,控制泵头挤压轮对硅胶软管的挤压,产生近似人体动脉内血液流动状态。采用外部测试系统(常用粒子图像测速系统PIV)重点测量和研究动脉瘤瘤内流场信息,通过后处理软件对流场数据进行分析,间接获得动脉瘤瘤体内血流速度分布、瘤体壁面剪切应力、瘤内涡流状态等信息,为研究分析心跳频率与动脉瘤的发展演化过程及瘤内血栓的形成之间的作用机理提供了便利,从而推动了生物医学研究在动脉瘤疾病方面更深刻和更全面的认识了解。The invention communicates with the rubber tube through the silicone hose, and the fluid working medium enters the experimental section through the silicone hose, peristaltic pump, laminar flow generator and rubber hose from the outlet of the upper liquid storage tank, and then flows into the lower storage liquid through the flow meter. tank, and then the circulating pump makes the fluid return to the upper liquid storage tank to complete the entire circulation process. By adjusting the speed of the peristaltic pump to simulate the beating frequency of the heart, and controlling the squeeze of the pump head extrusion wheel on the silicone hose, it produces a state similar to the blood flow in the human artery. An external test system (commonly used particle image velocimetry system PIV) is used to measure and study the flow field information in the aneurysm, and the flow field data is analyzed by post-processing software to indirectly obtain the distribution of blood flow velocity in the aneurysm and the wall shear of the aneurysm. Shear stress, intratumoral eddy current state and other information provide convenience for the study and analysis of the mechanism between the heartbeat frequency and the development and evolution of aneurysm and the formation of intratumoral thrombus, thus promoting biomedical research in the aspect of aneurysm disease. and a more comprehensive understanding.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的体外仿生循环实验系统装置图;Fig. 1 is the device diagram of the in vitro biomimetic circulation experimental system of the present invention;
图2为本发明的体外仿生循环实验系统装置中蠕动泵泵头结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the pump head structure of the peristaltic pump in the in vitro bionic circulation experimental system device of the present invention;
图3为本发明的体外仿生循环实验系统装置中层流发生器结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the laminar flow generator in the in vitro bionic circulation experimental system device of the present invention;
其中:1、上储液箱;2、甘油水溶液;3、阀门;4、硅胶软管;5、蠕动泵;6、层流发生器;7、实验段;8、流量计;9、下储液箱;10、橡胶软管;11、循环泵;12、泵头固定轴;13、蠕动泵挤压轮;14、细管。Among them: 1. Upper liquid storage tank; 2. Glycerin aqueous solution; 3. Valve; 4. Silicone hose; 5. Peristaltic pump; 6. Laminar flow generator; 7. Experimental section; 8. Flow meter; 9. Lower storage Liquid tank; 10. Rubber hose; 11. Circulation pump; 12. Pump head fixed shaft; 13. Peristaltic pump extrusion wheel; 14. Thin tube.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1,本发明包括通过管路相连、并形成闭合循环回路的上、下储液箱1、9,上、下储液箱1、9采用10mm厚有机玻璃加工制作而成,在上、下储液箱1、9内设置有流体工质2,上储液箱1的出口经带有阀门3的硅胶软管4与层流发生器6相连通,且该硅胶软管4穿过蠕动泵5,层流发生器6经橡胶管10与实验段7、流量计8及下储液箱9的入口相连,由于实验模型为玻璃曲面,为避免在测量过程,激光对曲面的散射作用,将实验段7固定于有机玻璃腔内,该有机玻璃腔填充满流体工质,下储液箱9的出口经橡胶管10与上储液箱1的入口相连,且在该管道上还安装有循环泵11,在实验系统工作过程中,储液箱内的流体体积不变,确保进入到蠕动泵前的流体静压与人体静脉内压力一致,约在13kPa,流体工质采用甘油水溶液,其温度为25±1℃,运动粘度为12.38×10-6m2/s,质量分数为64%,密度为1.125g/cm3,其折射率与玻璃实验模型基本一样约为1.5,这样可以减少圆管壁面对激光的散射。Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention comprises the upper and lower
参见图2,本发明的蠕动泵5的转速可调,其转速为60rpm~120rpm,且硅胶软管4穿过蠕动泵5泵头固定轴12与蠕动泵挤压轮13之间。蠕动泵挤压轮13对通过其内部的硅胶软管4进行挤压,以此产生脉动流体。调节转速,蠕动泵挤压轮13对硅胶软管4的挤压频率不同,产生不同流动状态的脉动流体。产生的脉动流体其表征流体流动状态的雷诺数在100~1000,表征流体脉动程度的沃莫斯利数在3~6,与真实血液流动范围相吻合。为了研究不同心跳频率下,动脉瘤内的血流动力学因素的变化和发展规律,通过调节蠕动泵转速进行实现,转速值的大小即代表心率数的大小。通过上述,可以大大方便研究不同心跳频率下的血液流动情况。而本体外仿生实验系统的工况在60rpm~120rpm获取的数据质量较高,即该体外仿生实验系统可以模拟研究心率在60次/分到120次/分情形的血流信息。Referring to FIG. 2 , the rotational speed of the
参见图3,本发明的层流发生器6由内径为1mm、外径为1.1mm、长度为10cm的空心细管14捆扎而成,并穿过橡胶管10。经蠕动泵挤压流出的流体存在一定程度的脉动,而脉动流体的流动状态紊流程度较大,在蠕动泵流出端加置层流发生器6。Referring to FIG. 3 , the
本发明将蠕动泵固定在实验台面上,且该实验台面表面水平无振动。上储液箱置于固定支架上方,固定支架固定在实验台面上。实验段模型,方便安装与拆卸,并被安置于一固定透明无盖有机玻璃方腔内,无盖有机玻璃方腔内置满流动工质,所述有机玻璃方腔固定于实验台面上。流动工质设置外围过滤器,消除杂质对整个系统装置内流动的影响。固定支架均采用不锈钢钢管,所述实验台面选取光学台。在实验过程中,控制蠕动泵和循环泵同步启动、同步停止。实验结束后,及时松开蠕动泵泵头,并排出硅胶软管内的流体工质,以延长使用寿命。In the invention, the peristaltic pump is fixed on the test table, and the surface of the test table is horizontal without vibration. The upper liquid storage tank is placed above the fixed support, and the fixed support is fixed on the experimental table. The model of the experimental section is easy to install and disassemble, and is placed in a fixed transparent plexiglass square cavity without a cover. The plexiglass cavity without a cover is filled with fluid working fluid, and the plexiglass cavity is fixed on the experimental table. A peripheral filter is set for the working fluid to eliminate the impact of impurities on the flow in the entire system device. The fixed brackets are all made of stainless steel pipes, and the experimental table is an optical table. During the experiment, the peristaltic pump and circulation pump were controlled to start and stop synchronously. After the experiment, loosen the pump head of the peristaltic pump in time, and discharge the fluid working medium in the silicone hose to prolong the service life.
在实验循环过程中对流量进行实时监控,监控平均流量,确保流量变化周期与真实心跳周期一致,流量计选取为叶轮式微流量计,这样可以减少下游流体流经流量计时产生的阻力对上游流场的影响,可以获取质量较高的实验数据。During the experimental cycle, the flow is monitored in real time, and the average flow is monitored to ensure that the flow change cycle is consistent with the real heartbeat cycle. The flow meter is selected as an impeller-type micro flow meter, which can reduce the resistance generated by the downstream fluid flowing through the flow meter on the upstream flow field. Influenced by the influence, high-quality experimental data can be obtained.
在流体工质进入到下储液箱,此时开启循环泵,实现动态连续循环,以此模拟人体血液循环的流动状态。循环泵的流量与蠕动泵的流量是相一致,确保上储液箱内的流体高度恒定不变,即模拟进入到心脏蠕动前的静脉血流压力恒定,约在13kPa。When the fluid working medium enters the lower liquid storage tank, the circulation pump is turned on at this time to realize dynamic continuous circulation, thereby simulating the flow state of human blood circulation. The flow rate of the circulation pump is consistent with the flow rate of the peristaltic pump to ensure that the fluid height in the upper liquid storage tank is constant, that is, the pressure of the venous blood flow before entering the heart peristalsis is simulated to be constant, about 13kPa.
本发明,通过调节蠕动泵转速来模拟心脏跳动频率,控制泵头挤压轮13对硅胶软管的挤压,产生近似人体动脉内血液流动状态。采用外部测试系统(常用粒子图像测速系统PIV)重点测量和研究动脉瘤瘤内流场信息,通过后处理软件对流场数据进行分析,间接获得动脉瘤瘤体内血流速度分布、瘤体壁面剪切应力、瘤内涡流状态等信息,为研究分析心跳频率与动脉瘤的发展演化过程及瘤内血栓的形成之间的作用机理提供了便利,从而推动了生物医学研究在动脉瘤疾病方面更深刻和更全面的认识了解。In the present invention, the beating frequency of the heart is simulated by adjusting the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump, and the extrusion of the silicone hose by the
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| CN2012100461719ACN102646351A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | An in vitro bionic circulation experimental system simulating blood flow in human aneurysm |
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| CN2012100461719ACN102646351A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | An in vitro bionic circulation experimental system simulating blood flow in human aneurysm |
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| CN2012100461719APendingCN102646351A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | An in vitro bionic circulation experimental system simulating blood flow in human aneurysm |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20120822 |