CN102631234B - Deep cerebral dura mater perforating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a device for bioscience. A deep cerebral dura mater drilling device comprises a catheter, a probe, a perforating needle, and two or more than two chambering needles. The probes, the perforating needle and the chambering needles are provided with limiting heads. The catheter is used for guiding the perforating needle and the chambering needles to be inserted into an intra-cerebral pre-set position. The sharp end of the probe is blunt and round, so that the catheter is blocked when being inserted into a cerebrum to reduce damage on brain tissues on a catheter passing path. Furthermore, the device can be used for detecting the existing and the position of the mater. A sharp cutting edge at the sharp end of the perforating needle is the longest and is used for piercing the mater; the sharp end of a first chambering needle is provided with a sharp cutting edge which is shorter than the cutting edge of the perforating needle; and the sharp end of a second chambering needle is provided with the shorter sharp cutting edge and so on. Each chambering needle is used for expanding a mater hole chambered by the chambering needle. A limiting head can control an inserting depth. The device not only can rapidly pass through the deep mater, but also has very small damages to the brain tissue of the mater. Furthermore, the device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and light weight.

Description

Translated fromChinese

深部硬脑膜穿孔装置Deep Dural Perforation Device

所属技术领域Technical field

本发明属生命科学技术领域，具体涉及一种用于对动物或人进行深部硬脑膜穿孔的装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of life sciences, and in particular relates to a device for perforating deep dura mater of animals or humans.

背景技术Background technique

动物和人在脑干等部位的表面覆盖有韧性很强的硬脑膜。深部硬脑膜穿孔是动物学在研究深部脑区(如上丘、下丘以及小脑)的功能时首先需要解决的问题。在生物学研究中，采用单位放电技术记录这些脑区活动或用微透析方法采样时，由于记录电极较细长和微透析采样探针尖端透析膜强度很低，在遇到硬脑膜阻挡时会发生弯折或损坏，因此在插入记录电极和微透析采样探针前，首先需要将硬脑膜刺穿造孔。目前是采用常规穿刺针来刺穿硬脑膜，由于插入深度难以掌握等原因，不可避免地会对硬脑膜下脑组织造成较大的损伤，导致损伤部位的细胞无法进行记录研究。In animals and humans, the surface of the brain stem and other parts is covered with a tough dura mater. Deep dural perforation is the first problem to be solved in zoology when studying the function of deep brain regions such as superior colliculus, inferior colliculus and cerebellum. In biological research, when the unit discharge technique is used to record the activity of these brain regions or the microdialysis method is used to sample, because the recording electrode is relatively slender and the strength of the dialysis membrane at the tip of the microdialysis sampling probe is very low, it will be blocked by the dura mater. Bending or damage occurs, so the dura needs to be punctured first before the recording electrode and microdialysis sampling probe can be inserted. At present, conventional puncture needles are used to puncture the dura mater. Due to the difficulty of grasping the insertion depth and other reasons, it will inevitably cause great damage to the subdural brain tissue, resulting in the inability to record and study the cells at the damaged site.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种深部硬脑膜穿孔装置，实现既能将硬脑膜刺穿，又不会因穿孔操作对硬脑膜下脑组织造成损伤，或者能最大程度地减小穿孔操作对硬脑膜下脑组织造成的损伤。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a device for deep dura mater puncture, which can not only puncture the dura mater without causing damage to the subdural brain tissue due to the perforation operation, or can maximize the Reduce the damage to subdural brain tissue caused by perforation operation.

本发明装置的结构是：The structure of device of the present invention is:

包括有一根导管，以及能插入导管内并贴着导管内壁周边滑动的如下组件：一根探针、一根穿孔针、两根或两根以上的扩孔针；Consists of a catheter, and the following components that can be inserted into the catheter and slide against the inner wall of the catheter: a probe, a piercing needle, two or more reaming needles;

探针针头端为球冠状或椭球冠状，穿孔针和各扩孔针的针头端为带刃口的三棱或四棱状；The needle end of the probe is a spherical crown or an ellipsoid crown, and the needle ends of the perforating needle and each reaming needle are triangular or quadrangular with edges;

穿孔针针头端的尖锐度和刃口长度最大，各扩孔针针头端的尖锐度和刃口长度依次减小；The sharpness and cutting edge length of the needle tip of the perforating needle are the largest, and the sharpness and cutting edge length of each reaming needle tip decrease in turn;

探针、穿孔针和各扩孔针的一端均带不能进入导管内的限位头；One end of the probe, perforating needle and each reaming needle has a limit head that cannot enter the catheter;

探针、穿孔针和各扩孔针探针不含限位头的部分均比导管长。The part of the probe, the perforator and each reaming needle probe without the stopper is longer than the catheter.

本发明装置的材质可以是制造医疗器械用的高强度不锈钢、钛合金等；限位头可以为圆柱状，棱柱状，长方体状等。The material of the device of the present invention can be high-strength stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc. used for manufacturing medical equipment; the limit head can be cylindrical, prismatic, cuboid, etc.

本发明装置优化的结构特征是：The structural feature of device optimization of the present invention is:

穿孔针和各扩孔针针头端是带刃口的三棱状。The needle ends of the perforating needle and each reaming needle are triangular with cutting edges.

探针不含限位头的部分比导管长1～1.5毫米。The part of the probe without the stopper is 1-1.5 mm longer than the catheter.

穿孔针不含限位头的部分比导管长1.1～1.5毫米，刃口长2～5毫米。The part of the perforation needle without the stopper is 1.1-1.5 mm longer than the catheter, and the cutting edge is 2-5 mm longer.

各扩孔针不含限位头的部分比导管长1.1～1.5毫米。The part of each reaming needle without the limit head is 1.1-1.5 mm longer than the catheter.

本发明装置进一步优化的结构是：扩孔针为两根，限位头为圆柱状。The further optimized structure of the device of the present invention is: there are two reaming needles, and the limit head is cylindrical.

本发明装置的工作原理：导管起引导作用，用于引导穿孔针和扩孔针插入脑内预定位置。探针尖端为钝圆形，既可用于导管插入脑内时堵塞导管，以减少对导管通过路径上的脑组织的损伤，又可用于探测脑膜的存在和位置。穿孔针尖端所带的锐利刃口最长，用于刺穿脑膜；第一根扩孔针尖端带比穿孔针刃口短一些的锐利刃口，第二根扩孔针尖端带更短一些的锐利刃口，依此类推，各扩孔针用于扩大穿孔针刺穿的脑膜孔洞。探针、穿孔针和各扩孔所带的限位头能控制插入深度。The working principle of the device of the present invention: the catheter acts as a guide for guiding the perforating needle and the reaming needle to be inserted into a predetermined position in the brain. The tip of the probe is blunt and round, which can be used to block the catheter when the catheter is inserted into the brain, so as to reduce the damage to the brain tissue along the passage of the catheter, and can also be used to detect the existence and position of the meninges. The tip of the reamer has the longest sharp edge and is used to pierce the meninges; the first reamer tip has a shorter sharp edge and the second reamer tip has a shorter The sharp edge, and so on, each reamer is used to widen the meningeal hole that the piercer pierced. Probes, piercers, and stoppers for each reamer control insertion depth.

本发明装置的使用：首先在颅骨定位点钻孔，钻通颅骨，将插有探针的导管经颅骨孔洞推进至导管前端到达硬脑膜上表面。当导管内的探针接触到硬脑膜时，探针会被硬脑膜顶起，此时用医用牙托水泥固定导管。待导管固定牢固后，将探针拔出，接着在导管内插入刃口最长的那根穿孔针，待穿孔针尖端接近硬脑膜时，用弹簧锤锤击穿孔针所带限位头的尾部，穿孔针尖端便迅速穿透硬脑膜而不发生脑组织凹陷形变。然后将该穿孔针拔出，按针头端尖锐度和刃口长度降低的顺序，依次将各扩孔针插入和拔出导管，每插入一根扩孔针就用弹簧锤锤击该扩孔针所带限位头的尾部，以逐次扩大硬脑膜孔洞。The use of the device of the present invention: first drill a hole at the positioning point of the skull, drill through the skull, push the catheter inserted with the probe through the hole in the skull to the front end of the catheter and reach the upper surface of the dura mater. When the probe in the catheter touches the dura mater, the probe will be pushed up by the dura mater, and the catheter will be fixed with medical tray cement at this time. After the catheter is firmly fixed, pull out the probe, and then insert the puncture needle with the longest cutting edge into the catheter. When the tip of the puncture needle is close to the dura mater, hit the tail of the stopper head of the puncture needle with a spring hammer , the tip of the perforating needle quickly penetrates the dura mater without depression and deformation of the brain tissue. Then pull out the perforating needle, insert and pull out the reaming needles in sequence according to the decreasing order of the sharpness of the needle end and the length of the cutting edge, and hammer the reaming needle with a spring hammer every time a reaming needle is inserted The tail of the limited head is used to gradually expand the dural hole.

本发明装置的优点：不仅可以快速穿透深部脑膜，而且对脑膜下脑组织的损伤极小，此外操作简单，体积小，重量轻。The device of the present invention has the advantages of not only being able to quickly penetrate the deep meninges, but also causing minimal damage to the brain tissue under the meninges, and being simple to operate, small in size and light in weight.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为实施例中导管的主视剖面结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the front view of the catheter in the embodiment.

图2为实施例中探针的主视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the probe in the embodiment.

图3为实施例中穿孔针的主视结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a front structural schematic view of the perforating needle in the embodiment.

图4为实施例中第一扩孔针的主视结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a front structural schematic view of the first reaming needle in the embodiment.

图5为实施例中第二扩孔针的主视结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a front structural schematic view of the second reaming needle in the embodiment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1：见图1～5。该产品用于对深度＞25mm的猕猴上丘表面硬的脑膜进行穿刺，使用效果很好。Embodiment 1: see Fig. 1～5. This product is used to puncture the hard meninges on the surface of the macaque superior colliculus with a depth > 25mm, and the effect is very good.

扩孔针为两根。导管1由不锈钢制成。探针2、穿孔针3、第一扩孔针4和第二扩孔针5也由不锈钢制成，它们的针头端均为带刃口的三棱状，它们的另一端均带圆柱体状限位头。There are two reaming needles.Conduit 1 is made of stainless steel. Probe 2, perforatingneedle 3, first reaming needle 4 andsecond reaming needle 5 are also made of stainless steel, and their needle ends are all triangular with cutting edges, and their other ends are all with cylindrical shape. limit head.

导管1的长度为31毫米，内径为0.59毫米。探针2不含限位头部分的长度为32.5毫米，6为其限位头。穿孔针3不含限位头部分的长度为32.5毫米，刃口长3.5毫米，7为其限位头。第一扩孔针4不含限位头部分的长度为32.2毫米，刃口长0.5毫米，8为其限位头。第二扩孔针5不含限位头部分的长度为32.2毫米，刃口长0.3毫米，9为其限位头。Thecatheter 1 has a length of 31 mm and an inner diameter of 0.59 mm. Probe 2 is 32.5 mm in length without the limit head part, and 6 is the limit head. The perforatingneedle 3 does not have the length of the limiting head part and is 32.5 millimeters, the length of the cutting edge is 3.5 millimeters, and 7 is the limiting head. The first reaming needle 4 does not contain the length of the limit head part and is 32.2 millimeters, and the length of the cutting edge is 0.5 millimeters, and 8 is its limit head. Thesecond reaming needle 5 does not contain the length of the limit head part and is 32.2 millimeters, and the long 0.3 millimeter of cutting edge, 9 is its limit head.

实施例2：该产品由不锈钢制成，用于对猕猴下丘表面的硬脑膜进行穿孔，使用效果很好。Example 2: This product is made of stainless steel and is used to perforate the dura mater on the surface of the inferior colliculus of macaques, and the effect is very good.

扩孔针为两根。导管、探针、穿刺针、第一扩孔针和第二扩孔针的针头端均为带刃口的三棱状，它们的另一端均带长方体状限位头。There are two reaming needles. The needle ends of the catheter, the probe, the puncture needle, the first reaming needle and the second reaming needle are all in the shape of a triangular edge, and the other ends of them are all equipped with cuboid-shaped stoppers.

导管的长度为34毫米，内径为0.59毫米。探针不含限位头部分的长度为35.5毫米，穿孔针不含限位头部分的长度为35.5毫米，刃口长3-3.5毫米。第一扩孔针不含限位头部分的长度为35.2毫米，刃口长0.5毫米。第二扩孔针不含限位头部分的长度为35.2毫米，刃口长0.3毫米。The catheter has a length of 34 mm and an inner diameter of 0.59 mm. The length of the probe without the limit head part is 35.5 mm, the length of the perforation needle without the limit head part is 35.5 mm, and the length of the cutting edge is 3-3.5 mm. The length of the first reaming needle without the limit head part is 35.2 millimeters, and the length of the cutting edge is 0.5 millimeters. The length of the second reaming needle without the limit head part is 35.2 millimeters, and the length of the cutting edge is 0.3 millimeters.

以上实施例仅仅是为了对本发明作进一步说明，而本发明的范围不受所举实施例的局限。The above examples are only for further illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples given.

Claims (5)

1. a deep cerebral dura mater punching machine, is characterized in that including a conduit, and can insert in conduit and paste the following assembly that pipe inner wall periphery slides: a probe, a pecker, two or two above reaming pins;

Probe tip end is that spherical crown shape or ellipsoid are crown, and the needle end of pecker and each reaming pin is Rhizoma Sparganii or the four rib shapes with cutting edge;

The sharpness of pecker needle end and cutting edge length are maximum, and sharpness and the cutting edge length of each reaming pin needle end reduce successively;

One end of probe, pecker and each reaming pin is all with the spacing head that can not enter in conduit;

Probe, pecker and each reaming pin probe are all not long than conduit containing the part of spacing head;

Said punching machine is for first holing at skull anchor point, drilling through skull, the conduit that is inserted with probe is advanced into catheter proximal end through skull hole and arrives cerebral dura mater upper surface; When the probe in conduit touches cerebral dura mater, probe can, by cerebral dura mater jack-up, now be used medical dens supporter cement A/C; After conduit fixation, probe is extracted, then in conduit, inserted that the longest root pecker of cutting edge, when pecker tip approaches cerebral dura mater, with spring hammer hammering pecker with the afterbody of spacing head, pecker tip just penetrates cerebral dura mater rapidly and the deformation of cerebral tissue depression does not occur; Then this pecker is extracted, the order reducing by needle end sharpness and cutting edge length, successively each reaming pin is inserted and extracts conduit, reaming pin of every insertion just with this reaming pin of spring hammer hammering with the afterbody of spacing, successively to expand cerebral dura mater hole.

2. deep cerebral dura mater punching machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: pecker and each reaming pin needle end are the Rhizoma Sparganii shapes with cutting edge.

3. deep cerebral dura mater punching machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: probe is not long 1～1.5 millimeter than conduit containing the part of spacing head; Pecker is not long 1.1～1.5 millimeters than conduit containing the part of spacing head, long 2～5 millimeters of cutting edge; Each reaming pin is not long 1.1～1.5 millimeters than conduit containing the part of spacing head.

4. deep cerebral dura mater punching machine as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that reaming pin is two.

5. deep cerebral dura mater punching machine as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that spacing head is for cylindric.

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