技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种非标准几何形状物体的质心测定方法，特别是一种禽蛋质心测定方法，属于物体特征参数的测定技术领域。The invention relates to a method for measuring the center of mass of an object with a non-standard geometric shape, in particular to a method for measuring the center of mass of an egg, and belongs to the technical field of measuring object characteristic parameters.
背景技术Background technique
质心是禽蛋基本特征参数，是禽蛋自动分级处理中动力学分析的基本参数。目前，禽蛋基本特征的研究，在禽蛋自动分级领域，许多学者开展了基于图像处理技术的禽蛋大小等级模型和质量模型的研究，如王巧华、熊利荣建立了鸭蛋、鸡蛋大小等级模型，周平建立了基于机器视觉的鸡蛋体积与表面积计算方法和质量预测模型；在蛋禽品种选育领域，主要研究禽蛋基本特征参数与蛋禽品种的关系。而在禽蛋质心基本特征参数方面，未见相关文献报道。The centroid is the basic characteristic parameter of poultry eggs and the basic parameter of dynamic analysis in the automatic grading process of poultry eggs. At present, the research on the basic characteristics of poultry eggs, in the field of automatic grading of poultry eggs, many scholars have carried out research on poultry egg size grading models and quality models based on image processing technology, such as Wang Qiaohua and Xiong Lirong established duck eggs and egg size grading models, Zhou Ping A computer vision-based calculation method for egg volume and surface area and a quality prediction model have been established; in the field of egg breed selection and breeding, the relationship between the basic characteristic parameters of poultry eggs and the breed of lay poultry has been mainly studied. However, there is no relevant literature report on the basic characteristic parameters of poultry egg centroid.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决禽蛋质心测定方法的不足，提供一种用称重法测定禽蛋质心位置的方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the position of the poultry egg centroid by weighing method in order to solve the deficiency of the poultry egg centroid determination method.
本发明的技术方案是：Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种禽蛋质心测定方法，按照下述步骤进行：测量禽蛋的最大长轴径L，称量禽蛋的质量m；在禽蛋大小头端点处用胶各固定一个专用支撑件，其轴线方向与禽蛋大长轴径延长线重合；将专用支撑件分别放置在专用支撑架上，并保持支撑水平，其中一个专用支撑架放置在电子天平以外，而另一个放置在电子天平上，通过电子天平测定该支撑点的质量m1；利用杠杆原理计算出禽蛋的质心距小头端端点距离J，计算公式为A method for measuring the center of mass of poultry eggs, which is carried out according to the following steps: measure the maximum major axis diameter L of poultry eggs, weigh the mass m of poultry eggs; fix a special support piece at the ends of the poultry eggs with glue, and the axis The direction coincides with the extension line of the large axis diameter of poultry eggs; place the special supports on the special support frames respectively, and keep the support level, one of the special support frames is placed outside the electronic balance, and the other is placed on the electronic balance. Measure the mass m1 of the supporting point with the electronic balance; use the leverage principle to calculate the distance J between the mass center of the poultry egg and the end point of the small head end, the calculation formula is
J=Lm1/m 。J =Lm1 /m .
其中所述的禽蛋为新鲜草鸡蛋、洋鸡蛋、新鲜鸭蛋等各种鸡蛋、鸭蛋。Wherein said poultry eggs are various eggs, duck eggs such as fresh grass eggs, foreign eggs, fresh duck eggs.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、用称重法测定禽蛋质心位置的方法，涉及的测量参数少，计算方法简单，优于支撑法和悬挂法。1. The method of measuring the centroid position of poultry eggs by weighing method involves few measurement parameters and simple calculation method, which is better than the support method and suspension method.
2、有利于分级处理中禽蛋动力学分析和模型的建立。2. It is conducive to the dynamic analysis of poultry eggs and the establishment of models in grading treatment.
3、为非标准几何体食品物料的质心测定提供了一个案例。3. A case is provided for the determination of the centroid of food materials with non-standard geometry.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是称重法测定禽蛋质心位置的示意图，其中1为禽蛋，2为专用支撑件，3为支撑架，4为支撑座，5为电子天平。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of determining the centroid position of poultry eggs by weighing method, wherein 1 is a poultry egg, 2 is a special support member, 3 is a support frame, 4 is a support seat, and 5 is an electronic balance.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合说明书附图中和3个实例对本发明再作详细说明，利用图1中所示装置测定禽蛋质心的过程如下：Below in conjunction with description and 3 examples in the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail again, and the process of utilizing the device shown in Fig. 1 to measure poultry egg centroid is as follows:
取一枚禽蛋1，将两个专用支撑件2用胶分别固定于禽蛋1的大小头端点处，并使其轴线与禽蛋1长轴线重合；然后将禽蛋1的专用支撑件2分别放置在专用支撑架3上，并保持支撑水平，其中一个专用支撑架放置在电子天平以外的支撑座4上，而另一个放置在电子天平5上，通过电子天平测定该支撑点的质量m1。Take a poultry egg 1, fix two special supporting parts 2 on the end points of the large and small ends of the poultry egg 1 with glue, and make the axis coincide with the long axis of the poultry egg 1; Place them on the special support frame 3 respectively, and keep the support level. One of the special support frames is placed on the support seat 4 other than the electronic balance, and the other is placed on the electronic balance 5, and the mass m of the support point is measured by the electronic balance.1 .
实施例1Example 1
取新鲜草鸡蛋200枚，用数显游标卡尺测定其最大长轴径L，用电子天平测定禽蛋的质量m；通过电子天平测定该支撑点的质量m1；将专用支撑件用胶分别固定于200枚草鸡蛋的大小头端点处，然后将200枚草鸡蛋分别放置在专用支撑架上，并保持支撑水平，通过电子天平测定支撑点的质量m1；利用公式计算质心距小头端端点距离J。200枚草鸡蛋平均质心位置为26.52±1.52（mm），其与最大长轴径L之比为0.49±0.02（草鸡蛋质心近似位于其长径中点处）。Take 200 fresh grass eggs, measure their maximum major axis diameterL with a digital display vernier caliper, measure the mass m of poultry eggs withan electronic balance; measure the mass m1 of the support point through an electronic balance; At the end points of the large and small heads of 200 grass eggs, then place 200 grass eggs on the special support frame respectively, and keep the support level, measure the mass m1of the support point through the electronic balance; use the formula to calculate the distance between the center of mass and the end point of the small end J. The average centroid position of 200 grass eggs is 26.52±1.52 (mm), and its ratio to the largest major axis diameterL is 0.49±0.02 (the centroid of grass eggs is approximately located at the midpoint of its major diameter).
实施例2Example 2
取洋鸡蛋200枚，用数显游标卡尺测定其最大长轴径L，用电子天平测定禽蛋的质量m；通过电子天平测定该支撑点的质量m1；将专用支撑件用胶分别固定于200枚洋鸡蛋的大小头端点处，然后将200枚洋鸡蛋分别放置在专用支撑架上，并保持支撑水平，通过电子天平测定支撑点的质量m1；利用公式计算质心距小头端端点距离J。200枚洋鸡蛋平均质心位置为27.61±1.60（mm），其与最大长轴径L之比为0.48±0.02（洋鸡禽蛋质心近似位于其长径中点处）。Take 200 foreign eggs, measure their maximum major axis diameterL with a digital display vernier caliper, and measure the mass m of poultry eggs withan electronic balance; measure the mass m1 of the support point through an electronic balance; Then place 200 foreign eggs on the special support frame respectively, and keep the support level, measure the quality m1of the support point by electronic balance; use the formula to calculate the distance J between the center of mass and the end point of the small end . The average centroid position of 200 foreign chicken eggs is 27.61±1.60 (mm), and its ratio to the maximum major axis diameterL is 0.48±0.02 (the centroid of foreign chicken eggs is approximately located at the midpoint of its major diameter).
实施例3Example 3
取新鲜鸭蛋200枚，用数显游标卡尺测定其最大长轴径L，用电子天平测定禽蛋的质量m；通过电子天平测定该支撑点的质量m1；将专用支撑件用胶分别固定于200枚鸭蛋的大小头端点处，然后将200枚鸭蛋分别放置在专用支撑架上，并保持支撑水平，通过电子天平测定支撑点的质量m1；利用公式计算质心距小头端端点距离J。200枚鸭蛋平均质心位置为28.20±1.80（mm），其与最大长轴径L之比为0.48±0.02（鸭蛋质心近似位于禽蛋长径中点处）。Take 200 fresh duck eggs, measure their maximum major axis diameterL with a digital display vernier caliper, measure the mass m of poultry eggs withan electronic balance; Then place 200 duck eggs on a special support frame and keep the support level, and measure the mass m1 of the support point with an electronic balance; use the formula to calculate the distance J between the center of mass and the end point of the small end. The average centroid position of 200 duck eggs is 28.20±1.80 (mm), and its ratio to the maximum major axis diameterL is 0.48±0.02 (the centroid of duck eggs is approximately located at the midpoint of the major diameter of the egg).
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210115734.5ACN102628723B (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2012-04-19 | A kind of birds, beasts and eggs center of mass determination method |
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