CN102601961A - Device for preparing nano laminated composite material with adjustable layers - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，包括有前后依次串联的塑化供料装置、汇流器、分流器、口模、复合叠层器、后端口模和成型装置，n个塑化供料装置塑化的熔体经过汇流器叠合在一起，再通过分流器时沿宽度方向均分成4份，然后每份熔体流至直流道的口模部分，口模可通过旋转调节为四入口连通的初始位置或两入口连通的第二位置，口模的出口与复合叠层器相连，通过调节口模的位置，可最终叠合形成4n×m^k或2n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料，继续向前流动通过成型装置从而得到最终制品。本发明采用的复合叠层器分层效率高，串联单元数可减少，使压力损失大幅度减小，通过旋转口模的位置，改变最终获得的复合制品的层数。

The invention discloses a nano-lamination composite material preparation device with adjustable layers, which includes a plasticizing feeding device, a confluence device, a flow divider, a die, a composite lamination device, a rear port die and a molding device connected in series. , the plasticized melts of n plasticizing feeding devices are stacked together through the confluence, and then divided into 4 parts along the width direction when passing through the diverter, and then each part of the melt flows to the die part of the straight channel, the die It can be adjusted to the initial position connected by four inlets or the second position connected by two inlets by rotation. The outlet of the die is connected to the composite stacker. By adjusting the position of the die, it can be finally laminated to form 4n×m^k or 2n× The multi-layer structure composite material of m^k layers continues to flow forward through the forming device to obtain the final product. The composite laminator adopted by the invention has high layering efficiency, the number of series units can be reduced, the pressure loss can be greatly reduced, and the number of layers of the finally obtained composite product can be changed by rotating the position of the die.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置A device for preparing nano-layered composite materials with adjustable layers

技术领域technical field

本发明属于先进材料加工技术领域，涉及一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，可通过复合挤出或复合注射成型制备多层复合结构高分子材料及制品。The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced material processing, and relates to a nano-laminate composite material preparation device with adjustable layers, which can prepare multi-layer composite structure polymer materials and products through composite extrusion or composite injection molding.

背景技术Background technique

微纳叠层复合材料由于在力学性能、阻隔性能、导电性能、光学性能等方面具有独特的优点，应用前景广泛，因而成为材料领域的研究热点。目前已公开的专利有最早的美国专利3557265、3565985、3884606，及后来的中国专利CN1511694A、200610022348.6等。最近一项发明专利2009202718783，公开了一种纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，该装置突破了原有技术一分为二的限制，可实现一分为三甚至更多，然而，采用这种技术方案，要获得不同层数的复合材料，必须改变叠层复合发生器的串联个数，操作复杂不灵活。而且，从实际出发考虑，叠层复合发生器的入口数m不能太多，因为分口数过多不仅会给叠层复合发生器的加工带来较大的难度，还会导致最终的熔体流动不均现象，从而影响叠层复合材料的成型质量。另一方面，叠层复合发生器的串联也不宜过多，因为随着串联数的增大，流动阻力增大，产生的背压也不断增加，在复合熔体成型时甚至可能引起溢料。因此，要想获得理想的高品质纳米级叠层复合材料，必须寻找更加有效的解决方案，以克服上述不足。Due to its unique advantages in mechanical properties, barrier properties, electrical conductivity, optical properties, etc., micro-nano laminated composites have broad application prospects, so they have become a research hotspot in the field of materials. Currently published patents include the earliest US patents 3,557,265, 3,565,985, and 3,884,606, and later Chinese patents CN1511694A, 200610022348.6, etc. A recent invention patent 2009202718783 discloses a device for preparing nano-laminated composite materials. , to obtain composite materials with different layers, it is necessary to change the series number of laminated composite generators, and the operation is complicated and inflexible. Moreover, from a practical point of view, the number of inlets m of the laminated composite generator should not be too large, because too many openings will not only bring greater difficulty to the processing of the laminated composite generator, but also lead to the final melt flow Inhomogeneity, which affects the molding quality of laminated composite materials. On the other hand, the series connection of laminated composite generators should not be too much, because with the increase of the number of series connections, the flow resistance increases, and the resulting back pressure also increases continuously, which may even cause flash when the composite melt is formed. Therefore, in order to obtain ideal high-quality nanoscale laminated composite materials, more effective solutions must be found to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术在制备高性能纳米层状复合材料方面的不足，本发明的目的旨在提供一种分割效率更高、流动对称性好、分层过程中压力损失小、且通过旋转叠层器前端口模可简单有效地改变复合材料成型层数的叠层器装置。同时，可将该项技术从挤出成型领域拓展到注射成型领域；并可适应于多种纳米复合材料的制备与成型加工。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art in the preparation of high-performance nano-layered composite materials, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method with higher segmentation efficiency, good flow symmetry, and low pressure loss during delamination, which can be processed by a rotating laminator The front port die is a laminator device that can simply and effectively change the number of composite material molding layers. At the same time, the technology can be expanded from the field of extrusion molding to the field of injection molding; and it can be adapted to the preparation and molding processing of various nanocomposite materials.

可以实现上述发明目的的具体技术方案如下：一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，主要包括前后依次串联连接的塑化供料装置、汇流器、分流器、口模、复合叠层器、后端汇流器和成型装置，汇流器将来自n个塑化供料装置的熔体叠合成n层的复合熔体，层间的厚度可相同也可不相同，由层间的流道间隙保证。汇流器的出口与分流器的入口对接，分流器有四个入口，复合熔体在离开汇流器进入分流器时沿宽度方向平均分割成四等分，其中外侧的两个流道为水平直流道，且结构相互对称，而内侧的两个流道分别向上和向下扭转90度，都由入口时的水平流道转变为出口时的竖直流道，并且两流道的结构也相互对称。并且，这四个流道在分流器的出口平面上分别位于同一圆周的0度、90度、180度和270度位置。从分流器每一流道出来的熔体继续向前流至与之对接的口模内。口模在上下和左右位置分别开有与分流器出口相对应的竖直和水平方向的直流道，假设当这四个入口与分流器的出口相对应连接时为口模的初始位置，此外，在与该口模的水平流道成45度方向上还布有形状大小相同的两个圆周对称流道，如果将口模由初始位置沿逆时针或顺时针方向转过45度，则口模将只有两个流道入口与分流器的出口连通，假设这一位置为口模的第二位置。所以，通过改变口模的连接位置，可以改变口模所连通的流道数目，从而改变最终成型的复合材料层数。复合叠层器的入口流道与口模初始位置的出口流道可完全对接，这四个流道同样分布于同一圆周的0度、90度、180度和270度位置。每一流道的入口被平均分割成m等份，每一等份在叠层器中继续向前流动时扭转90度并且展宽m倍，在各自的出口端相互汇流成为n×m层的叠层结构，复合叠层器入口熔体通道尺寸与旋转90度后出口的熔体通道尺寸相同；再对接一个同样的旋转90度的复合叠层器，则出口处的每一流道可得到n×m×m层的叠层结构；如果串联k个同样的复合叠层器，则最后一个复合叠层器出口处的每一流道可得到4×n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料，最后一个复合叠层器的出口与后端汇流器对接，后端汇流器中的一组流道为对称直流道，而另一组对称流道扭转90度后展平汇合，从这四个流道出来的多层复合熔体最终叠合成4×n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料(此时口模位于初始位置)或2×n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料(此时口模调至第二位置)，这些多层复合材料最后可继续向前进入成型装置从而得到最终制品。n和m为不小于2的整数，k为不小于1的整数。例如：将两种组分的高分子熔体汇流后经过5等分的叠层复合发生器，串联5个相同的复合叠层器，如果当口模处于初始位置时，则可得到总层数为4×2×5⁵＝25000层的多层复合结构体，该层状熔体从1mm厚的成型装置的出口挤出，两种高分子材料的层间厚度平均值为40nm，如果进一步将其拉伸到0.1mm厚度时，该复合材料的每种高分子材料的层间厚度可达4nm；而把口模旋转至第二位置时，可获得总层数为2×2×5⁵层的多层复合结构体，该层状熔体从1mm厚的成型装置的出口挤出，两种高分子材料的层间厚度平均值为80nm，如果进一步将其拉伸到0.1mm厚度时，该复合材料的每种高分子材料的层间厚度可达8nm。The specific technical scheme that can realize the purpose of the above invention is as follows: a nano-laminated composite material preparation device with adjustable layers, mainly including plasticizing feeding devices, confluences, diverters, dies, and composite stacks connected in series. Laminators, back-end confluences and molding devices, confluences stack the melts from n plasticizing feeding devices into n layers of composite melts, the thickness of the layers can be the same or different, and the flow channels between the layers Clearance guaranteed. The outlet of the confluence is docked with the inlet of the diverter. The diverter has four inlets. When the composite melt leaves the confluence and enters the diverter, it is divided into four equal parts along the width direction, and the two outer channels are horizontal straight channels. , and the structures are symmetrical to each other, and the two inner flow channels are twisted 90 degrees upward and downward, respectively, and the horizontal flow channel at the entrance is transformed into a vertical flow channel at the exit, and the structures of the two flow channels are also symmetrical to each other. Moreover, the four flow channels are respectively located at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees of the same circle on the outlet plane of the flow divider. The melt coming out of each flow channel of the splitter continues to flow forward into the die that is connected with it. The die has vertical and horizontal straight channels corresponding to the outlet of the diverter at the upper, lower and left and right positions respectively. It is assumed that the initial position of the die is when the four inlets are connected to the outlet of the diverter. In addition, There are also two circumferentially symmetrical runners with the same shape and size at a direction of 45 degrees to the horizontal flow channel of the die. If the die is rotated 45 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise from the initial position, the die will Only two runner inlets communicate with the outlet of the splitter, assuming this position is the second position of the die. Therefore, by changing the connection position of the die, the number of flow channels connected by the die can be changed, thereby changing the number of composite material layers finally formed. The inlet flow channel of the composite laminator can be completely connected with the outlet flow channel at the initial position of the die, and these four flow channels are also distributed at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees of the same circle. The inlet of each flow channel is divided into m equal parts on average, and each equal part is twisted 90 degrees and widened by m times when it continues to flow forward in the stacker, and flows into each other at the respective outlet ends to form a stack of n×m layers structure, the size of the melt channel at the entrance of the composite laminator is the same as the size of the melt channel at the outlet after rotating 90 degrees; then connect a same compound laminator rotated 90 degrees, and each flow channel at the exit can get n×m ×m layer laminated structure; if k same composite laminator are connected in series, each flow channel at the outlet of the last composite laminator can get 4×n×m^k layers of multilayer structure composite material, and the last The outlet of the composite stacker is connected to the back-end confluence. One set of flow channels in the back-end confluence is a symmetrical straight flow channel, while the other set of symmetrical flow channels is twisted 90 degrees and then flattened and merged to come out from these four flow channels. The multi-layer composite melt is finally laminated into a 4×n×m^k -layer multi-layer structure composite material (the die is at the initial position at this time) or a 2×n×m^k -layer multi-layer structure composite material (the die is at the initial position Adjusted to the second position), these multi-layer composite materials can finally continue forward into the forming device to obtain the final product. n and m are integers not less than 2, and k is an integer not less than 1. For example: after the polymer melts of the two components are merged, they pass through a 5-equal laminated composite generator, and 5 identical composite laminated devices are connected in series. If the die is at the initial position, the total number of layers can be obtained. 4×2×5⁵ =25,000 layers of multilayer composite structure, the layered melt is extruded from the outlet of the 1mm thick molding device, the average interlayer thickness of the two polymer materials is 40nm, if further When stretched to a thickness of 0.1mm, the interlayer thickness of each polymer material of the composite material can reach 4nm; and when the die is rotated to the second position, a total of 2×2×5⁵ layers can be obtained. Multi-layer composite structure, the layered melt is extruded from the outlet of the 1mm thick molding device, the average thickness between the layers of the two polymer materials is 80nm, if it is further stretched to a thickness of 0.1mm, the composite The interlayer thickness of each polymer material of the material can reach 8nm.

本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，如果将分流器、口模、复合叠层器、后端汇流器整个当作一个串联循环单元，那么可成型的多层结构复合材料的层数为n×(4×m)^k或n×(2×m)^k，利用这种结构的装置可较容易地制备层间厚度小于100nm的纳米复合材料，并且在不用拆装复合叠层器的情况下通过调节口模位置一次成型获得不同层数的多层复合材料。由于本发明采用的复合叠层器分层效率高，要达到相同的分层数，串联单元数减少，流道对称性好，相应压力损失大幅度减小，因而在需要高速充模流动的注射成型中也可以采用，同时，熔体分割后旋转90度的设计使叠层流道在流动展宽并且变薄的过程中容易保持对称型结构，设计制造工艺简单，精度容易保证，并且对物料的适应性大大提高，此外，还可通过调节口模改变最终复合材料的层数。The present invention is a nano laminated composite material preparation device with adjustable layers. If the shunt, the die, the composite laminate, and the back-end confluence are all regarded as a series circulation unit, then the formable multilayer structure can be composited. The number of layers of the material is n×(4×m)^k or n×(2×m)^k . The device with this structure can easily prepare a nanocomposite material with an interlayer thickness of less than 100nm, and it can be combined without disassembly and assembly. In the case of a laminator, multi-layer composite materials with different layers can be obtained by adjusting the position of the die at one time. Due to the high layering efficiency of the composite laminator adopted in the present invention, to achieve the same number of layers, the number of series units is reduced, the symmetry of the flow channel is good, and the corresponding pressure loss is greatly reduced. It can also be used in molding. At the same time, the design of rotating 90 degrees after the melt is divided makes it easy to maintain a symmetrical structure in the process of widening and thinning the laminated flow channel. The design and manufacturing process is simple, and the accuracy is easy to ensure. The adaptability is greatly improved. In addition, the number of layers of the final composite material can also be changed by adjusting the die.

本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置的塑化供料装置是挤出机、注塑机或压铸机。塑化供料装置加工的物料是高分子基复合材料、陶瓷基复合材料或金属基复合材料。成型装置是挤出机头、注射喷嘴与模具的组合或压制模具。口模各直流道入口位于同一圆周上，旋转口模改变开通的口模入口。The plasticizing and feeding device of the device for preparing nano-laminated composite materials with adjustable layers is an extruder, an injection molding machine or a die-casting machine. The material processed by the plasticizing feeding device is a polymer matrix composite material, a ceramic matrix composite material or a metal matrix composite material. The molding device is a combination of an extrusion head, an injection nozzle and a mold or a pressing mold. The inlets of the straight passages of the dies are located on the same circumference, and the openings of the dies are changed by rotating the dies.

本发明可广泛应用于制备各种熔融共混加工的纳米叠层复合材料，在高分子复合材料领域可直接生产薄膜、板材和型材料，也可生产母料，还可以推广应用到陶瓷基复合材料、金属基复合材料等生产领域。The invention can be widely used in the preparation of various nano-laminated composite materials for melt blending processing. In the field of polymer composite materials, it can directly produce films, plates and molded materials, and can also produce masterbatches. It can also be popularized and applied to ceramic matrix composites. Materials, metal matrix composites and other production fields.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置(挤出成型)的外观结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a nano-laminate composite material preparation device (extrusion molding) with adjustable layers according to the present invention.

图2是本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置叠层复合原理示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lamination and compounding principle of a device for preparing nano-laminated composite materials with an adjustable number of layers according to the present invention.

图3是本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置中口模位于初始位置时的入口左视图，位于水平和垂直位置的口模有熔体流出，流出口为四个。Fig. 3 is a left view of the entrance of the die in the device for preparing nano-laminated composite materials with adjustable layers according to the present invention when the die is in the initial position. The dies in the horizontal and vertical positions have melt outflow, and there are four outflow ports.

图4是本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置中口模位于第二位置时的入口左视图，位于垂直位置的口模有熔体流出，流出口为二个。Fig. 4 is a left view of the inlet when the die is in the second position in a nano-laminate composite material preparation device with adjustable layers according to the present invention. The die in the vertical position has melt flowing out, and there are two outflow ports.

图5是本发明一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置(注射成型)的外观结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a nano-lamination composite material preparation device (injection molding) with an adjustable number of layers according to the present invention.

图中：1塑化供料装置；2汇流器；2-1汇流器内的熔体；2-2分流器内的熔体；2-3口模内的熔体；2-4复合叠层器内的熔体；2-5后端口模内的熔体；3分流器；4口模；5复合叠层器；6后端口模；7成型装置；8喷嘴；9模具。In the figure: 1 plasticizing feeding device; 2 confluence; 2-1 the melt in the confluence; 2-2 the melt in the diverter; 2-3 the melt in the die; 2-4 composite lamination 2-5 Melt in the rear port mold; 3 Splitter; 4 Die; 5 Composite laminator; 6 Rear port die; 7 Forming device;

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1Example 1

本实施例公开的一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，整体外形如附图1所示，包括有两台或多台挤出机的塑化供料装置1、汇流器2、分流器3、口模4、复合叠层器5、后端口模6和成型装置7，它们前后依次串联。汇流器2将来自n台塑化供料装置1的n种高分子熔体2-1汇集成n层等厚的高分子熔体，接着熔体通过分流器3，在分流器3中熔体沿宽度方向被平均分割成4等份，其中，外侧的两份熔体沿水平直流道流动，内侧的两份熔体2-2向前流动时旋转90度，这两组熔体分别为对称流动，它们从分流器的出口出来后流入对应的口模入口，图3和图4分别是口模位于初始连接位置和第二连接位置时的状态，口模内的熔体2-3分别沿水平直流道和竖直直流道向前流动至复合叠层器的四个入口，每个入口的熔体被分成m等份，每一份熔体2-4向前流动时都旋转90度并展宽m倍，最后，复合叠层器四个出口处的熔体分别流入后端汇流器的对称流道2-5内进行叠合，如图2所示，如果将口模调至初始位置，则可形成4n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料；如果将口模调制第二位置，则可形成2n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料。本实施例中将两种组分的高分子熔体汇流后经过5等份的叠层复合发生器5，串联6个相同的复合叠层发生器5，可得到的复合材料层数为2×4×5⁶＝125000层或2×2×5⁶＝62500层，将多层复合材料挤出为1mm厚度片材时，该复合材料的层间厚度可达到8nm(口模位于初始位置时)或16nm(口模位于第二位置时)，从而可利用该装置制备纳米级复合材料。This embodiment discloses a nano-lamination composite material preparation device with adjustable layers. The overall appearance is shown in Figure 1, including a plasticizing feeding device 1 with two or more extruders, and a confluence 2. , shunt 3, die 4, composite laminator 5, rear port die 6 and molding device 7, which are connected in series before and after. The confluence 2 gathers n types of polymer melts 2-1 from n sets of plasticizing feeding devices 1 into n layers of polymer melts of equal thickness, and then the melts pass through the splitter 3, and the melts in the splitter 3 It is equally divided into 4 equal parts along the width direction, among which, the two outer parts of the melt flow along the horizontal straight channel, and the inner two parts of the melt 2-2 rotate 90 degrees when flowing forward, and the two groups of melts are respectively symmetrical Flow, they come out from the outlet of the splitter and flow into the corresponding die inlet. Figure 3 and Figure 4 are the states when the die is at the initial connection position and the second connection position respectively, and the melts in the die are respectively along the The horizontal straight channel and the vertical straight channel flow forward to the four inlets of the composite laminator, and the melt at each inlet is divided into m equal parts, and each part of the melt 2-4 is rotated 90 degrees and Expand the width by m times, and finally, the melts at the four outlets of the composite laminator respectively flow into the symmetrical runners 2-5 of the back-end confluence for lamination, as shown in Figure 2, if the die is adjusted to the initial position, Then a multilayer structure composite material with 4n×m^k layers can be formed; if the die is adjusted to the second position, a multilayer structure composite material with 2n×m^k layers can be formed. In this embodiment, the polymer melts of the two components are combined and passed through 5 equal parts of laminated composite generators 5, and 6 identical composite laminated generators 5 are connected in series, and the number of layers of the composite material that can be obtained is 2× 4×5⁶ =125000 layers or 2×2×5⁶ =62500 layers, when extruding the multilayer composite material into a 1mm thick sheet, the interlayer thickness of the composite material can reach 8nm (when the die is at the initial position) Or 16nm (when the die is in the second position), so that the device can be used to prepare nanoscale composite materials.

复合叠层器5的流道可通过嵌入式模块构成，每个模块由几个剖切部分组合而成，而每一剖切片可采用数控加工获得所需的形状。The flow channel of the composite laminate 5 can be formed by embedded modules, each module is composed of several cut parts, and each cut part can be processed by numerical control to obtain the required shape.

叠层结构的熔体在离开后端汇流器后进入成型装置得到制品，成型装置7的熔体入口与后端汇流器的熔体出口形状一致，熔体在成型装置7中逐渐过渡到口模所需的截面，最后获得挤出制品。The melt of the laminated structure enters the forming device after leaving the back-end confluence to obtain products. The melt inlet of the forming device 7 is in the same shape as the melt outlet of the rear-end confluence, and the melt gradually transitions to the die in the forming device 7 The desired cross-section, and finally the extruded product is obtained.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例公开的另外一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置的例子，如附图5所示，由两台或多台注塑机的塑化供料装置1、汇流器2、分流器3、口模4、复合叠层器5、后端口模6、喷嘴8和模具9依次串联组成。注射喷嘴8和模具9构成成型装置，注射成型时喷嘴8与模具9相连。熔体通过汇流器2、分流器3、口模4、复合叠层器5，最终从后端口模出口出来时已经叠合形成4n×m^k层(口模位于初始位置)或2n×m^k层(口模位于第二位置)的多层结构复合材料，该复合熔体通过喷嘴8注射进入模具9的型腔内，冷却定型后可得到高分子叠层复合材料注射成型制品。Another example of a nano-laminate composite material preparation device with an adjustable number of layers disclosed in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, consists of plasticizing feeding devices 1, confluences 2, A splitter 3, a die 4, a composite laminate 5, a rear port die 6, a nozzle 8 and a die 9 are sequentially connected in series. The injection nozzle 8 and the mold 9 constitute a molding device, and the nozzle 8 is connected to the mold 9 during injection molding. The melt passes through the confluence 2, the flow divider 3, the die 4, and the composite laminator 5, and finally comes out of the back port die when it has been laminated to form a 4n×m^k layer (the die is at the initial position) or 2n×m^k layer (the die is located at the second position), the composite melt is injected into the cavity of the mold 9 through the nozzle 8, and after cooling and shaping, a polymer laminated composite material injection molded product can be obtained.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，其特征在于：主要包括前后依次串联连接的塑化供料装置、汇流器、分流器、口模、复合叠层器、后端汇流器和成型装置，汇流器将来自n个塑化供料装置的熔体叠合成n层的复合熔体，汇流器的出口与分流器的入口对接，分流器有四个入口，复合熔体在离开汇流器进入分流器时沿宽度方向平均分割成四等分，其中外侧的两个流道为水平直流道，且结构相互对称，而内侧的两个流道分别向上和向下扭转90度，都由入口时的水平流道转变为出口时的竖直流道，并且两流道的结构也相互对称；这四个流道在分流器的出口平面上分别位于同一圆周的0度、90度、180度和270度位置，从分流器每一流道出来的熔体继续向前流至与之对接的口模内；口模在上下和左右位置分别开有与分流器出口相对应的竖直和水平方向的直流道，通过改变口模的连接位置，可以改变口模所连通的流道数目，每一流道的入口被平均分割成m等份，每一等份在叠层器中继续向前流动时扭转90度并且展宽m倍，在各自的出口端相互汇流成为n×m层的叠层结构，复合叠层器入口熔体通道尺寸与旋转90度后出口的熔体通道尺寸相同；再对接一个同样的旋转90度的复合叠层器，则出口处的每一流道可得到n×m×m层的叠层结构；串联k个同样的复合叠层器，最后一个复合叠层器的出口与后端汇流器对接，得到多层复合熔体最终叠合成4×n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料或2×n×m^k层的多层结构复合材料，这些多层复合材料最后可继续向前进入成型装置从而得到最终制品；n和m为不小于2的整数，k为不小于1的整数。1. A nano-laminated composite material preparation device with adjustable layers, characterized in that it mainly includes a plasticizing feeding device, a confluence device, a flow divider, a die, a composite lamination device, and a rear end connected in series. The confluence and forming device, the confluence stacks the melts from n plasticizing feeding devices into n layers of composite melt, the outlet of the confluence is connected with the inlet of the diverter, the diverter has four inlets, and the composite melt When leaving the confluence and entering the diverter, it is divided into four equal parts along the width direction, in which the two outer channels are horizontal straight channels, and the structures are symmetrical to each other, while the two inner channels are twisted 90 degrees upward and downward. , the horizontal flow channel at the entrance is transformed into the vertical flow channel at the exit, and the structures of the two flow channels are also symmetrical to each other; these four flow channels are respectively located at 0 degrees and 90 degrees of the same circle on the outlet plane of the flow divider. degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, the melt from each flow channel of the diverter continues to flow forward into the die that is docked with it; Straight and horizontal straight channels, by changing the connection position of the die, the number of flow channels connected by the die can be changed. The entrance of each flow channel is divided into m equal parts, and each equal part continues in the stacker. When flowing forward, it is twisted 90 degrees and widened by m times, and confluent at the respective outlet ends to form a laminated structure of n×m layers. The size of the melt channel at the entrance of the composite laminator is the same as that of the melt channel at the outlet after rotating 90 degrees. ; Then connect the same composite laminate with a rotation of 90 degrees, then each flow channel at the outlet can obtain a laminated structure of n×m×m layers; k similar composite laminates are connected in series, and the last composite laminate The outlet of the device is docked with the back-end confluence, and the multilayer composite melt is finally laminated into a 4×n×m^k layer multilayer structure composite material or a 2×n×m^k layer multilayer structure composite material. Finally, the composite material can continue to enter the molding device to obtain the final product; n and m are integers not less than 2, and k is an integer not less than 1.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，其特征在于：口模各直流道入口位于同一圆周上，旋转口模改变开通的口模入口。2. A nano-laminated composite material preparation device with adjustable layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the entrances of the straight-flow channels of the dies are located on the same circumference, and the openings of the dies are changed by rotating the dies.3.根据权利要求1所述的一种层数可调的纳米叠层复合材料制备装置，其特征在于：分流器、口模、复合叠层器、后端汇流器为一个串联循环单元，复合材料的层数为n×(4×m)^k或n×(2×m)^k。3. A nano-layered composite material preparation device with adjustable layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shunt, the die, the composite laminate, and the back-end confluence are a series circulation unit, and the composite The number of layers of material is n×(4×m)^k or n×(2×m)^k .

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