CN102601506A - Plasma welding and cutting torch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plasma welding and cutting gun, which is suitable for plasma flame brazing with large firepower and plasma flame cutting of thick plates.

Description

Translated fromChinese

等离子焊割枪Plasma welding and cutting torch

技术领域technical field

等离子焊割领域，是新开发的领域，相对原有的燃气焊割具有优越的节能效果和安全环保作用。The field of plasma welding and cutting is a newly developed field. Compared with the original gas welding and cutting, it has superior energy saving effect, safety and environmental protection.

背景技术Background technique

在现有的等离子焊割技术，分等离子弧焊和等离子切割；等离子火焰钎焊也是本人刚研发比较成熟的技术，由于钎焊工件比较复杂，钎焊空间狭小，所以等离子火焰钎焊枪头体积要小，导致冷却能力要受限制，不能用于大电流，大火力钎焊工件；空气等离子切割应用比较广泛，缺点是一是切割空气灰尘太大，工作环境恶劣，二是切割厚板需要大电流电源，而且割口不平。In the existing plasma welding and cutting technology, it is divided into plasma arc welding and plasma cutting; plasma flame brazing is also a relatively mature technology that I have just developed. Because the brazing workpiece is relatively complicated and the brazing space is narrow, the volume of the plasma flame brazing torch head If it is small, the cooling capacity will be limited, and it cannot be used for high-current and high-power brazing workpieces; air plasma cutting is widely used, but the disadvantages are that the cutting air is too dusty and the working environment is harsh, and the second is that cutting thick plates requires a large Current power supply, and the cut is uneven.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明解决上述问题，在本人原发明的等离子钎焊枪头中，把阴极和阴极柱中心增加一条高压气体通道，阴极做成铜座镶嵌环形发射电子电极金属（铪或锆）结构。The present invention solves the above problems. In the plasma brazing gun head originally invented by me, a high-pressure gas channel is added to the center of the cathode and the cathode column, and the cathode is made of a copper seat inlaid with a ring-shaped electron-emitting electrode metal (hafnium or zirconium) structure.

附图说明：Description of drawings:

  图1为本发明的等离子焊割枪主剖视图Fig. 1 is the main sectional view of the plasma welding and cutting torch of the present invention

 下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作详细说明：如图1所示，等离子焊割枪，由枪体6、阴极柱2、阴极12、喷嘴9、绝缘陶瓷7、枪体和阴极柱之间的绝缘胶3组成；枪体6内有冷却水通道5、进水口4、出水口14和维弧进气口13；喷嘴9和阴极12之间有引弧室8；阴极柱2有高压进气口1；阴极12有高压气体通道11和镶嵌环形发射电子电极金属10。等离子焊割枪在引弧后，用于等离子火焰焊时，调节好维弧混合含醇类易燃气体，电弧在阴极12的外沿和喷嘴9的内壁稳定维持，并在维弧气体作用下形成的等离子电弧火焰，从喷嘴9喷出；混合含醇类压缩空气从阴极柱2的进气口1到阴极12的气体通道11，冲出喷嘴9，急剧燃烧释放大量热量，满足大工件钎焊需求；由于电弧是在阴极12的外沿和喷嘴的内壁，高压气体不会冲断电弧。而在用于等离子切割时，调节好维弧混合含醇类易燃气体，电弧在阴极12的外沿和喷嘴9的内壁稳定维持，并在维弧气体作用下形成的等离子电弧火焰，从喷嘴9喷出；对厚工件进行预热，在厚工件预热好后，开启高压气体从阴极柱2的进气口1到阴极12的气体通道11，冲出喷嘴9，把工件预热熔化的材料吹开，形成一道整齐的割口。这样的切割作业耗气量不大，不会造成大量灰尘，由于有预热，阴极12的通气孔小，所以能用小电流切割厚工件，割口也整齐。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail: as shown in Figure 1, plasma welding and cutting torch, by gun body 6,cathode column 2,cathode 12, nozzle 9, insulating ceramic 7, gun body and cathode column The insulating glue 3 between them is composed of; the gun body 6 has a cooling water channel 5, awater inlet 4, awater outlet 14 and anarc inlet 13; there is anarc chamber 8 between the nozzle 9 and thecathode 12; thecathode column 2 has a high voltage The air inlet 1; thecathode 12 has a high-pressure gas channel 11 and anelectrode metal 10 inlaid with an annular emitter. After the plasma welding and cutting torch is used for plasma flame welding after the arc is struck, the arc-maintaining gas is mixed with alcohol-containing flammable gas, and the arc is stably maintained on the outer edge of thecathode 12 and the inner wall of the nozzle 9, and is maintained under the action of the arc-maintaining gas. The formed plasma arc flame is ejected from the nozzle 9; the compressed air containing alcohol is mixed from the gas inlet 1 of thecathode column 2 to the gas channel 11 of thecathode 12, and rushes out of the nozzle 9, and the rapid combustion releases a large amount of heat to meet the requirements of large workpiece brazing. Welding requirements; because the arc is on the outer edge of thecathode 12 and the inner wall of the nozzle, the high-pressure gas will not break the arc. When it is used for plasma cutting, adjust the maintenance arc to mix alcohol-containing flammable gas, the arc is stably maintained on the outer edge of thecathode 12 and the inner wall of the nozzle 9, and the plasma arc flame formed under the action of the maintenance arc gas, from the nozzle 9 ejection; preheat the thick workpiece, after the thick workpiece is preheated, open the high-pressure gas from the gas inlet 1 of thecathode column 2 to the gas channel 11 of thecathode 12, rush out of the nozzle 9, and preheat and melt the workpiece The material blows away, creating a neat cut. The gas consumption of such cutting operation is not big, can not cause a large amount of dust, because there is preheating, the ventilation hole ofcathode 12 is little, so can cut thick workpiece with small electric current, and cut edge is also neat.

Claims (2)

Translated fromChinese

1.等离子焊割枪，包括枪体、喷嘴、阴极、阴极柱、绝缘陶瓷，耐高温绝缘胶，其特征在于：阴极和阴极柱中间有空心气体通道。1. Plasma welding and cutting torch, including torch body, nozzle, cathode, cathode column, insulating ceramics, high temperature resistant insulating glue, characterized in that there is a hollow gas channel between the cathode and the cathode column.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种等离子焊割枪，其特征在于：阴极是铜座镶嵌环形发射电子电极金属组成。2. A plasma welding and cutting torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cathode is composed of a copper seat inlaid with a ring-shaped electron-emitting electrode metal.

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