CN102571647A - Frequency offset estimation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a frequency offset estimation method and apparatus.
Background
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier transmission technique requiring Orthogonal subcarriers, which divides a wide transmission bandwidth into a plurality of Orthogonal subcarriers for parallel data transmission. The OFDM has the advantages of high spectrum utilization rate, multipath fading resistance, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), simple technology and the like. However, since OFDM requires subcarriers to be orthogonal to each other, it is very sensitive to frequency offset. For example, a synchronization error occurs in a frequency between a transmitter and a receiver, or a Doppler effect (Doppler) generated during a high-speed movement of a mobile station may cause a carrier frequency offset (hereinafter, referred to as frequency offset). The frequency offset problem has become one of the core problems of OFDM technology.
The existing method is mainly used for the condition of small frequency deviation, and when the frequency deviation is large, the estimation precision is relatively low. In the prior art, a method of multiple frequency offset estimation and compensation can be adopted to realize estimation of a larger frequency offset, and although the precision of the frequency offset estimation can be improved to a certain extent, the complexity and the realization cost are increased at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a frequency offset estimation method and device, which can estimate larger frequency offset, ensure the accuracy of frequency offset estimation, reduce the complexity of implementation and save the cost.
The embodiment of the invention provides the following specific technical scheme:
a method of frequency offset estimation, comprising:
calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value;
calculating a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current frame based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value.
A frequency offset estimation apparatus, comprising:
the first processing unit is used for calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
the second processing unit is used for determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value;
the third processing unit is used for calculating a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and the fourth processing unit is used for calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value.
Based on the technical scheme, in the embodiment of the invention, firstly, a single pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in a received current subframe, a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is determined, then, a double pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe, and the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe is calculated based on the frequency offset initial value and the double pilot frequency offset estimation value, so that the frequency offset estimation of the current subframe is realized by combining the single pilot frequency offset estimation and the double pilot frequency offset estimation, the estimation of larger frequency offset is effectively realized, the realization complexity is reduced while the accuracy of the frequency offset estimation is ensured, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a frequency offset estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of a frequency offset estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positions of pilots in a subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to realize the estimation of larger frequency deviation, reduce the complexity of realization and save the cost while ensuring the accuracy of the frequency deviation estimation, the invention provides a frequency deviation estimation method and a frequency deviation estimation device, which can estimate the larger frequency deviation, reduce the complexity of realization and save the cost while ensuring the accuracy of the frequency deviation estimation. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in a received current subframe, determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value, calculating a double pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe, and calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the double pilot frequency offset estimation value.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a frequency offset estimation apparatus mainly includes the following processing units:
afirst processing unit 101, configured to calculate a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences included in a received current subframe;
asecond processing unit 102, configured to determine a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value;
athird processing unit 103, configured to calculate a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences included in the received current subframe;
afourth processing unit 104, configured to calculate a frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual pilot frequency offset estimation value.
Based on the above system architecture, referring to fig. 2, a detailed method flow of frequency offset estimation in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
step 201: and calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current sub-frame.
Pilot frequency is inserted into each sub-frame by using the pilot frequency symbols appointed by the base station side and the terminal side, and referring to fig. 3, one pilot frequency symbol is inserted into the middle position of each time slot of the sub-frame. Fig. 3 shows an example of a normal cyclic prefix subframe (i.e. each slot of the subframe comprises 7 symbols).
When calculating the single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe, calculating the single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on any one of the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe; or, respectively calculating a corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on each of two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe, and then taking the average value of the single pilot frequency offset estimation values.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on any pilot frequency sequence contained in the received current subframe, the corresponding channel estimation value is calculated based on any pilot frequency sequence, the channel estimation value is adopted to correct any pilot frequency sequence, then the corrected pilot frequency sequence and the corresponding local pilot frequency sequence are adopted to carry out time domain correlation operation, and the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on the time domain correlation operation result.
Preferably, when calculating the single-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on any one of the two pilot frequency sequences and the local pilot frequency sequence included in the received current subframe, a partial sequence of the any one pilot frequency sequence may be intercepted, the local pilot frequency sequence and a sequence with the same length at a corresponding position in the channel estimation value sequence may be intercepted, and then the intercepted channel estimation value is used to correct the intercepted any one pilot frequency sequence and perform subsequent operation.
Preferably, when any one of the two pilot sequences, the local pilot sequence and the channel estimation sequence included in the received current subframe is truncated, the minimum divisor of the truncation length is only 2, 3 or 5, and is preferably an exponential multiple of 2. In the embodiment of the invention, sequences with the same length are respectively intercepted from two ends of the pilot frequency sequence and are reconstructed into sequences with 2 exponential times length so as to carry out frequency offset estimation.
After any one of two pilot sequences contained in the received current subframe is corrected by adopting the channel estimation value, time domain correlation operation is carried out by adopting the corrected pilot sequence and a local pilot sequence, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and after calculating the inverse discrete Fourier transform of the corrected pilot frequency sequence, multiplying the inverse discrete Fourier transform of the local pilot frequency sequence by the inverse discrete Fourier transform to obtain the time domain correlation operation result of the two. The specific formula is as follows:
w(k)＝IDFT(partofRxP(k)/partofH(k))×(IDFT(partofX(k)))*
wherein k is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2n-1，2nFor the length of the truncated pilot sequence, w (n) represents the time domain correlation operation result, partofrxp (k) represents any one of two pilot sequences included in the truncated current sub-frame, partofh (k) represents the channel estimation value sequence corresponding to the truncated received pilot sequence, and partofx (k) represents the corresponding truncated local pilot sequence.
When calculating the single-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the time domain correlation operation result, specifically: and calculating the phase difference between the positions of subcarriers where the pilot frequency is located in any one of two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current sub-frame based on the sequence obtained by time domain correlation operation, and calculating the single pilot frequency offset estimation value according to the phase difference and the predicted subcarrier interval. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the phase difference between the positions of the sub-carriers where the pilot frequency is located is calculated, the average value of the first half and the average value of the second half of the time domain correlation sequence may be respectively calculated, and then the phase difference between the positions of the sub-carriers where the front part and the rear part of the pilot frequency are located may be further calculated. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Preferably, the single pilot frequency offset estimation value of the current frame may be filtered by using the single pilot frequency offset estimation value of the previous frame, and the specific formula is as follows:wherein p is1Is a filter factor and satisfies 0 ≦ p1≤1，
Is the frequency offset estimation value of the previous sub-frame.
Step 202: and determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: and selecting a range corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value in each preset range, and determining a frequency offset initial value based on the range corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value.
In the embodiment of the invention, different ranges are set according to the maximum frequency offset value which possibly appears, the range to which the single pilot frequency offset estimation value belongs is determined, and the corresponding frequency offset initial value is selected, the selection of the initial value and the range value of the double pilot frequency offset estimation are related, namely
Or
And T is the maximum range value of the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation, and n is an integer. For example, assuming that the estimation range of the dual pilot frequency offset is-1000 to 1000 hz, different ranges are set according to the maximum frequency offset value which may occur, and are-1000 to 1000 hz, 1000 to 2000 hz, -2000 to-1000 hz, 2000 to 3000 hz and less than-3000 to-2000 hz respectively, and if the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is determined to belong to-1000 to 1000 hz, zero is taken as the initial value of the frequency offset; if the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is judged to belong to 1000-2000 Hz, taking 1000 as an initial frequency offset value; if the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is judged to belong to-2000 to-1000 Hz, the-1000 Hz is taken as the frequency offset initial value; if the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is judged to be 2000-3000 Hz, taking 2000 Hz as the initial value of the frequency offset; and if the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is determined to be between-3000 and-2000 Hz, then-2000 Hz is taken as the initial value of the frequency offset.
Step 203: and calculating a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe.
In the embodiment of the invention, the phase difference of two pilot frequency positions is calculated based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe, and a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated according to the phase difference of the two pilot frequency positions in the range limited by the frequency offset initial value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Step 204: and calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value.
Taking the sum of the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value as the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein, Delta f' is the frequency deviation estimated value of the current sub-frame, and Delta f2For the dual pilot frequency offset estimate,
is the initial value of the frequency offset.
Preferably, the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe is filtered by using the frequency offset estimation value of the previous subframe, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein,
to obtain a filtered frequency offset estimate, p, of the current subframe frequency offset estimate2Represents a filter factor and satisfies 0 ≦ p2≤1，
And representing the frequency offset estimation value of the previous subframe, and delta f' representing the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe.
And finally, performing frequency compensation on the current subframe by adopting the filtered frequency offset estimation value.
Based on the technical scheme, in the embodiment of the invention, firstly, a single pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in a received current subframe, a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is determined, then, a double pilot frequency offset estimation value is calculated based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe within a range limited by the frequency offset initial value, and the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe is calculated based on the frequency offset initial value and the double pilot frequency offset estimation value, so that the estimation of the large-amplitude frequency offset of the current subframe is realized by combining the single pilot frequency offset estimation and the double pilot frequency offset estimation, the realization complexity is reduced while the accuracy of the frequency offset estimation is ensured, and the cost is saved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (12)
1. A method of frequency offset estimation, comprising:
calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value;
calculating a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimate based on two pilot sequences contained in a received current subframe comprises:
calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on any one of two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
or,
and respectively calculating a corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on each of two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current sub-frame, and then taking the average value of the single pilot frequency offset estimation values.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein calculating the corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimate based on any one of the pilot sequences comprises:
calculating a corresponding channel estimation value based on the arbitrary pilot frequency sequence;
and after the received any one pilot frequency sequence is corrected by adopting the channel estimation value, performing time domain correlation operation on the corrected pilot frequency sequence and a corresponding local pilot frequency sequence, and calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on a time domain correlation operation result.
4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimate comprises:
selecting a range corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value in each preset range;
and determining a frequency offset initial value based on a range corresponding to the single frequency offset estimation value.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein computing a dual pilot frequency offset estimate based on two pilot sequences contained in a received current subframe comprises:
calculating the phase difference of adjacent pilot frequency positions based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and calculating a double-pilot frequency offset estimation value according to the phase difference of the adjacent pilot frequency positions in the range limited by the frequency offset initial value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein calculating the frequency offset estimate for the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual pilot frequency offset estimate comprises:
and calculating the sum of the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset initial value, and taking the calculation result as the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe.
7. A frequency offset estimation apparatus, comprising:
the first processing unit is used for calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
the second processing unit is used for determining a preset frequency offset initial value corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value;
the third processing unit is used for calculating a dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and the fourth processing unit is used for calculating the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset estimation value.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first processing unit calculates the single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on any one of the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe when calculating the single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on the two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
or,
and respectively calculating a corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on each of two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current sub-frame, and then taking the average value of the single pilot frequency offset estimation values.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said first processing unit calculates the corresponding single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on any one of the pilot sequences, specifically:
calculating a corresponding channel estimation value based on the arbitrary pilot frequency sequence;
and after the received any one pilot frequency sequence is corrected by adopting the channel estimation value, performing time domain correlation operation on the corrected pilot frequency sequence and a corresponding local pilot frequency sequence, and calculating a single pilot frequency offset estimation value based on a time domain correlation operation result.
10. The apparatus according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein when the second processing unit determines a preset initial value of frequency offset corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value, a range corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value is selected among preset ranges, and the initial value of frequency offset is determined based on the range corresponding to the single pilot frequency offset estimation value.
11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said third processing unit calculates dual pilot frequency offset estimation values based on two pilot sequences included in the received current subframe, specifically:
calculating the phase difference of adjacent pilot frequency positions based on two pilot frequency sequences contained in the received current subframe;
and calculating a double-pilot frequency offset estimation value according to the phase difference of the adjacent pilot frequency positions in the range limited by the frequency offset initial value.
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fourth processing unit calculates the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe based on the frequency offset initial value and the dual pilot frequency offset estimation value, specifically:
and calculating the sum of the frequency offset initial value and the dual-pilot frequency offset initial value, and taking the calculation result as the frequency offset estimation value of the current subframe.
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| CN117527497B (en)* | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-22 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Frequency offset calibration method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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