CN102570459B - A monitoring method for voltage quality - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及电压质量治理领域，具体涉及一种电压质量的监控方法。The invention relates to the field of voltage quality control, in particular to a voltage quality monitoring method.
背景技术：Background technique:
随着农村经济水平的提高，农村城镇化、工业化的开展，尤其是以“低电压”现象为主的电压质量问题日益显现，已经成为普遍性的问题，需要系统性的解决。尽管电力公司不断投入大量的人力物力使整个电网的电压质量水平提高到了一个新的高度，特别是高等级的骨干网。但是对于偏远地区电网来说，电压质量一直是一个没有解决的难题。With the improvement of rural economic level, the development of rural urbanization and industrialization, especially the problem of voltage quality, which is dominated by the phenomenon of "low voltage", has become a common problem and needs to be solved systematically. Although the power company has continuously invested a lot of manpower and material resources to improve the voltage quality level of the entire power grid to a new level, especially the high-level backbone network. But for power grids in remote areas, voltage quality has always been an unsolved problem.
目前在电网规划、设计、建设和产生维护中，进行了多种技术管理手段的尝试解决电压质量问题，主要包括采用以下几个方面：采用有载调压主变压器、采用线路调压器、采用各类无功补偿装置或采用谐波治理装置。At present, in the planning, design, construction, production and maintenance of the power grid, various technical management methods have been tried to solve the voltage quality problem, mainly including the following aspects: using on-load voltage regulation main transformer, using line voltage regulator, using All kinds of reactive power compensation devices or harmonic control devices.
这些手段和方法大都是采用单点应用为主，通过有效的经验和方法，一定程度上解决相关问题。同时，对于系统性的问题，部分地区也通过配置具有无线上传功能的电压监测仪、谐波监测装置等进行专门的电压质量监控，但由于投入的设备多(需要专门的监控和通信设备)，导致系统处于孤立和部分监控状态，没有有机的整合整个区域配电网中其他已有自动化系统中的相关电压质量监测数据与信息进行综合分析、联合控制，形成统一的电压质量决策支持，无法达到对整个区域配电网协同进行电压质量监控和决策支持的目的。Most of these means and methods are based on single-point applications, and through effective experience and methods, related problems can be solved to a certain extent. At the same time, for systemic problems, some areas also conduct special voltage quality monitoring by configuring voltage monitors with wireless upload functions, harmonic monitoring devices, etc., but due to the large investment of equipment (requires special monitoring and communication equipment), As a result, the system is in an isolated and partial monitoring state, and there is no organic integration of relevant voltage quality monitoring data and information in other existing automation systems in the entire regional distribution network for comprehensive analysis and joint control to form a unified voltage quality decision support. The purpose of collaborative voltage quality monitoring and decision support for the entire regional distribution network.
发明内容：Invention content:
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种电压质量的监控方法，根据对实时和历史数据的挖掘和深度分析，为供电企业及时、科学的治理和改善电压质量问题提供决策支持，同时为区域配电网后续的规划、设计和建设改造提供事实依据。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a voltage quality monitoring method, which provides decision support for power supply enterprises to timely and scientifically manage and improve voltage quality problems based on the mining and in-depth analysis of real-time and historical data, and at the same time provides regional Provide a factual basis for the subsequent planning, design, construction and transformation of the distribution network.
本发明提供的一种电压质量的监控方法，其改进之处在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：A method for monitoring voltage quality provided by the present invention is improved in that the method includes the following steps:
(1)读取第N条10kV馈线出口处的电压数据；(1) Read the voltage data at the exit of the Nth 10kV feeder;
(2)判断步骤(1)所述电压数据是否合格，是则进行步骤(3)，否则进行变电站电压质量分析判断流程后更新N值并返回步骤(1)；(2) Judging whether the voltage data described in step (1) is qualified, if so, proceed to step (3), otherwise update the N value and return to step (1) after carrying out the substation voltage quality analysis and judgment process;
(3)读取第N条馈线上的配电变压器台区的电压数据；读取包括读取所有配电变压器台区的电压数据；(3) Read the voltage data of the distribution transformer station area on the Nth feeder; Reading includes reading the voltage data of all distribution transformer station areas;
(4)判断步骤(3)电压合格台区的比例是否大于设定值I，是则进行步骤(5)，否则进行10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程后进入步骤(5)；(4) whether the ratio of judging step (3) voltage qualified station area is greater than set
(5)判断所述第N条馈线上的用户监测点i的电压是否合格，是则进行步骤(6)，否则进行配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程后进入步骤(6)；(5) Judging whether the voltage of the user monitoring point i on the N feeder is qualified, if so, proceed to step (6), otherwise enter step (6) after carrying out the distribution transformer stage voltage quality analysis and judgment process;
(6)判断所述用户监测点i是否小于所述第N条馈线下的低压用户监测点数n，是则更新N值并返回步骤(1)，否则更新i值并返回步骤(5)；更新i值是指将i+1，即下一个用户的监测点为新的用户监测点i；(6) Judging whether the user monitoring point i is less than the number n of low-voltage user monitoring points under the Nth feeder, if so, update the N value and return to step (1), otherwise update the i value and return to step (5); update The i value refers to i+1, that is, the monitoring point of the next user is the new user monitoring point i;
(7)确定电压质量报告。(7) Determine the voltage quality report.
其中，步骤(5)所述配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：Wherein, the steps of the distribution transformer station area voltage quality analysis and judgment process described in step (5) include:
(a)计算所述配电变压器台区负荷三相不平衡率；(a) Calculate the three-phase unbalance rate of the load in the distribution transformer station area;
(b)判断步骤(a)所述三相不平衡率是否大于设定值II，是则进入三相不平衡治理模块进行数据分析，否则进入步骤(c)；(b) judge whether the three-phase unbalance rate described in step (a) is greater than the set value II, and then enter the three-phase unbalance management module for data analysis, otherwise enter step (c);
(c)判断所述台区的功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入台区无功补偿模块进行数据分析，否则进入步骤(d)；(c) judging whether the power factor cosθ of the station area is less than the set value III, if so, enter the reactive power compensation module of the station area for data analysis, otherwise enter step (d);
(d)判断所述台区配电变压器的分接头是否能调节，是则进入配电变电站分接头调整模块进行分析计算，给出配电变压器分接头的调整方案，否则进入步骤(e)；(d) Judging whether the tap of the distribution transformer in the station area can be adjusted, if so, enter the distribution substation tap adjustment module for analysis and calculation, and provide an adjustment scheme for the distribution transformer tap, otherwise enter step (e);
(e)判断所述台区是否过负荷，是则进入台区过负荷判断治理模块进行分析计算，给出建议方案，否则进入步骤(f)；(e) Judging whether the station area is overloaded, if so, enter the station area overload judgment management module to analyze and calculate, and give a proposal, otherwise enter step (f);
(f)判断所述用户监测点i的低压线路是否过载，是则进入线路负荷分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出线路更换或负荷转供的建议方案，否则进入步骤(g)；(f) Judging whether the low-voltage line at the user monitoring point i is overloaded, if so, enter the line load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and provide a proposal for line replacement or load transfer, otherwise enter step (g);
(g)确认监测装置正常工作，结束。(g) Confirm that the monitoring device works normally, end.
其中，步骤(4)所述10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：Wherein, the steps of the 10kV line voltage quality analysis and judgment process described in step (4) include:
1)判断所述台区的10kV线路出口功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入线路功率因数分析治理模块进行分析计算，给出在变电站低压母线的无功补偿配置方案，否则进入步骤2)；1) Judging whether the power factor cosθ of the 10kV line outlet in the station area is less than the set value III, if so, enter the line power factor analysis and management module for analysis and calculation, and give the reactive power compensation configuration scheme for the low-voltage bus in the substation, otherwise enter the step 2);
2)判断所述台区的10kV线路是否有调压装置，是则进入线路调压分析控制模块进行分析计算，给出线路调压器的分接头调整方案，否则进入步骤3)；2) Judging whether the 10kV line in the station area has a voltage regulating device, if so, enter the line voltage regulation analysis control module for analysis and calculation, and provide the tap adjustment scheme of the line voltage regulator, otherwise enter step 3);
3)判断所述台区的10kV线路是否过长或过载，若过长或过载则进入所述线路负荷分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出线路更换和负荷调整的建议性方案，否则结束所述10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程。3) Judging whether the 10kV line in the station area is too long or overloaded, if it is too long or overloaded, enter the line load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and give a suggested plan for line replacement and load adjustment, otherwise end the described 10kV line voltage quality analysis and judgment process.
其中，步骤(2)所述变电站电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：Wherein, the steps of the substation voltage quality analysis and judgment process described in step (2) include:
①判断所述第N条馈线所属的变电站母线的功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入变电站内无功补偿分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出变电站的无功补偿配置方案，否则进入步骤②；① Judging whether the power factor cosθ of the substation bus to which the Nth feeder belongs is less than the set value III, if so, enter the reactive power compensation analysis and judgment module in the substation for analysis and calculation, and give the reactive power compensation configuration scheme of the substation, otherwise enter Step ②;
②判断所述变电站的主变压器是否为自动有载调压，是则进入步骤③，否则进入主变压器调压分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出主变压器的分接头调整方案；2. Judging whether the main transformer of the substation is automatic on-load voltage regulation, if so, enter step 3, otherwise enter the main transformer voltage regulation analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and provide the tap adjustment scheme of the main transformer;
③判断所述变电站主变压器是否过载，若过载则进入主变压器负载情况分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出更换主变容量的调整方案或负荷转供的建议方案，否则结束所述变电站电压质量分析判断流程。③ Judging whether the main transformer of the substation is overloaded, if it is overloaded, enter the main transformer load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and give an adjustment plan for replacing the main transformer capacity or a proposal for load transfer, otherwise end the voltage quality analysis of the substation Judgment process.
其中，步骤(2)所述更新N值是将下一条馈线的出口处的电压数据作为新的N值。Wherein, updating the N value in step (2) is to use the voltage data at the exit of the next feeder line as the new N value.
其中，所述过长是指线路供电距离超出线路的供电半径，该半径由负荷距计算得到。Wherein, the too long means that the power supply distance of the line exceeds the power supply radius of the line, and the radius is calculated from the load distance.
其中，所述过载是指线路或变压器所带负荷容量超出其额定能够负担的容量。Wherein, the overload means that the load capacity of the line or transformer exceeds its rated capacity.
与现有技术比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)将整个区域配电网中与电压质量相关的数据及其他辅助实时数据进行全面收集并利用，达到在全局性的信息处理层面下的综合分析、判断与治理目的。(1) Comprehensively collect and utilize data related to voltage quality and other auxiliary real-time data in the entire regional distribution network to achieve the purpose of comprehensive analysis, judgment and governance under the overall information processing level.
(2)立足全局，统筹考虑，通过深层次数据挖掘，达到真正合理、有效的进行电压质量监控的效果；(2) Based on the overall situation, overall consideration, through in-depth data mining, to achieve a truly reasonable and effective effect of voltage quality monitoring;
(3)本专利的分析判断流程具有开放的决策支持库设计，具备固定分析模型和人工智能模型构建，形成统一分析和个性化分析的结合，有利于应对适应性分析场合；(3) The analysis and judgment process of this patent has an open decision-making support library design, with fixed analysis model and artificial intelligence model construction, forming a combination of unified analysis and personalized analysis, which is conducive to adapting to adaptive analysis occasions;
(4)本方法不仅仅是单一治理，是加强化决策分析支持，为长期智能电网建设提供方案；(4) This method is not only a single governance, but also strengthens decision-making analysis support and provides solutions for long-term smart grid construction;
(5)本专利提出的基于区域电网的电压质量监控分析与辅助管理决策方法，是根据对实时和历史数据，从点到面进行的挖掘和深度分析，为供电企业及时、科学的治理和改善电压质量问题提供决策支持，同时为区域配电网后续的规划、设计和建设改造提供事实依据。(5) The voltage quality monitoring analysis and auxiliary management decision-making method based on the regional power grid proposed in this patent is based on real-time and historical data, from point to surface mining and in-depth analysis, to provide timely and scientific management and improvement for power supply enterprises Voltage quality issues provide decision support, and at the same time provide a factual basis for the subsequent planning, design, construction and transformation of regional distribution networks.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的总流程图。Fig. 1 is the general flowchart provided by the present invention.
图2为本发明提供的配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of analyzing and judging voltage quality in a distribution transformer station area provided by the present invention.
图3为本发明提供的10kV馈线电压质量分析判断流程图。Fig. 3 is a flow chart of analysis and judgment of 10kV feeder voltage quality provided by the present invention.
图4为本发明提供的变电站电压质量分析判断流程图。Fig. 4 is a flow chart of analyzing and judging substation voltage quality provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的思想是：Thought of the present invention is:
首先，对区域电网各电压等级的电压质量数据进行采集，最终统一将数据汇集到一个统一的平台中；在实现过程中可以充分利用现有运行系统的数据进行部分获取与直接采集相结合的方式，数据传输方式应支持多种通信方式：光纤、载波、GPRS、CDMA或无线专网等。First, collect the voltage quality data of each voltage level of the regional power grid, and finally collect the data into a unified platform; in the process of realization, the data of the existing operating system can be fully utilized to combine partial acquisition and direct acquisition , The data transmission method should support multiple communication methods: optical fiber, carrier, GPRS, CDMA or wireless private network, etc.
其次，根据各监测点的电压质量指标和各个电压层级电网的现状，按照分析流程进行分析和判断，分析判断依据用户层监测点的供电电压质量指标，监测点包括：用户层监测点——配电台区低压侧监测点——中压线路监测点——变电站母线监测点。Secondly, according to the voltage quality indicators of each monitoring point and the status quo of each voltage level power grid, analyze and judge according to the analysis process. The analysis and judgment are based on the power supply voltage quality indicators of the user layer monitoring points. Low-voltage side monitoring point in the station area - medium voltage line monitoring point - substation bus monitoring point.
最后，根据附图1至4的电压质量分析判断流程，综合各个点的分析结果，形成电压质量治理决策方法；该决策方法能够充分利用现有的电压质量治理设备，根据先面后点的治理思路，实现最佳的电压质量治理效果。附图1至4为电压质量辅助分析和判断流程。Finally, according to the voltage quality analysis and judgment process of attached
具体的，本实施例的总流程如图1所示，具体包括如下步骤：Specifically, the overall process of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1, specifically including the following steps:
(1)读取第N条馈线出口处的电压数据；N为自然数；(1) Read the voltage data at the exit of the Nth feeder; N is a natural number;
本实施例共有N条10kV馈线，从1开始，逐条判断。In this embodiment, there are N 10kV feeder lines, starting from 1, and judging one by one.
(2)判断步骤(1)所述电压数据是否合格，是则进行步骤(3)，否则进行变电站电压质量分析判断流程后更新N值并返回步骤(1)；(2) Judging whether the voltage data described in step (1) is qualified, if so, proceed to step (3), otherwise update the N value and return to step (1) after carrying out the substation voltage quality analysis and judgment process;
更新N值是将下一条馈线的出口处的电压数据作为新的N值。Updating the N value is to use the voltage data at the exit of the next feeder as the new N value.
所述变电站电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：The steps of the substation voltage quality analysis and judgment process include:
①判断所述第N条馈线所属的变电站母线的功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入变电站内无功补偿分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出在变电站的无功补偿配置方案，否则进入步骤②；① Determine whether the power factor cosθ of the substation bus to which the Nth feeder belongs is less than the set value III, if so, enter the reactive power compensation analysis and judgment module in the substation for analysis and calculation, and give the reactive power compensation configuration scheme in the substation, otherwise Go to step ②;
配置方案包括：根据负荷和当前功率因数情况，计算出变电站内需要投入的无功补偿容量，从而确认电容器组的投切组数和最佳配置方案。The configuration plan includes: according to the load and the current power factor, calculate the reactive power compensation capacity that needs to be invested in the substation, so as to confirm the number of switching groups of the capacitor bank and the optimal configuration plan.
②判断所述变电站的主变压器是否为自动有载调压，是则进入步骤③，否则进入主变压器调压分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出主变压器的分接头调整方案；2. Judging whether the main transformer of the substation is automatic on-load voltage regulation, if so, enter step 3, otherwise enter the main transformer voltage regulation analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and provide the tap adjustment scheme of the main transformer;
调整方案包括：根据主变压器的调压方式(无励磁调压或有载调压)，确定具体的调压方案，使得母线电压不超出规定范围内的情况下尽量确保10kV出线整条线路的电压都合格。如在大多数10kV出线的末端都存在电压过低时，有必要调节主变压器的有载分接开关，使主变低压侧母线电压正偏移，从而提高10kV出线的整体电压，从而在最大程度上确保所带负荷的电压质量。The adjustment plan includes: according to the voltage regulation method of the main transformer (off-excitation voltage regulation or on-load voltage regulation), determine the specific voltage regulation plan, so that the bus voltage does not exceed the specified range and try to ensure the voltage of the entire 10kV outgoing line All qualified. If the voltage is too low at the end of most 10kV outgoing lines, it is necessary to adjust the on-load tap changer of the main transformer to make the bus voltage on the low-voltage side of the main transformer shift positively, thereby increasing the overall voltage of the 10kV outgoing lines, thereby maximizing To ensure the voltage quality of the load.
③判断所述变电站主变压器是否过载，若过载则进入主变压器负载情况分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出更换主变容量的调整方案或负荷转供的建议方案，否则结束所述变电站电压质量分析判断流程。③ Judging whether the main transformer of the substation is overloaded, if it is overloaded, enter the main transformer load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and give an adjustment plan for replacing the main transformer capacity or a proposal for load transfer, otherwise end the voltage quality analysis of the substation Judgment process.
过载是指线路或变压器所带负荷容量超出其额定能够负担的容量。Overload means that the load capacity of a line or transformer exceeds its rated capacity.
调整方案包括：根据当前负荷状况和未来一段时间内的负荷增长情况，可以用一台更大容量的变压器取代当前变压器，或并列增加一台变压器等。The adjustment plan includes: according to the current load situation and the load growth situation in the future, a transformer with a larger capacity can be used to replace the current transformer, or a transformer can be added in parallel.
建议方案包括：在负荷区内新建变电站，把该变电站所带负荷转移至新建的变电站等。The proposed scheme includes: build a new substation in the load area, transfer the load carried by the substation to the new substation, etc.
(3)读取第N条馈线上的配电变压器台区的数据；(3) Read the data of the distribution transformer station area on the Nth feeder;
台区监测点将监测数据通过通信通道传递到主站，在主站数据库里读取数据；The monitoring point in the station area transmits the monitoring data to the main station through the communication channel, and reads the data in the database of the main station;
读取的配电变压器台区的数据包括台区的三相电压、三相电流、功率因数、无功补偿容量、配电变压器分接头档位信息等的实时和历史数据。The read data of the distribution transformer station area includes the real-time and historical data of the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, power factor, reactive power compensation capacity, distribution transformer tap position information, etc. of the station area.
(4)判断步骤(3)台区电压合格率是否大于设定值I，是则进行步骤(5)，否则进行10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程后进入步骤(5)；(4) judge step (3) whether the qualified rate of station area voltage is greater than setting
本实施例在每一条馈线下有很多个用户监测点(假设为n个)，需要从1到n逐个判断，本实施例更新用户监测点i值是指将下一个用户监测点的值作为新的i值进行循环。In this embodiment, there are many user monitoring points (assumed to be n) under each feeder line, which need to be judged one by one from 1 to n. In this embodiment, updating the value of user monitoring point i refers to using the value of the next user monitoring point as a new value. The value of i is looped.
10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：The steps of the 10kV line voltage quality analysis and judgment process include:
1)判断所述台区的10kV线路出口功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入线路功率因数分析治理模块进行分析计算，给出在变电站低压母线的无功补偿配置方案，否则进入步骤2)；1) Judging whether the power factor cosθ of the 10kV line outlet in the station area is less than the set value III, if so, enter the line power factor analysis and management module for analysis and calculation, and give the reactive power compensation configuration scheme for the low-voltage bus in the substation, otherwise enter the step 2);
配置方案包括：根据线路负荷情况和当前功率因数，计算出该条线路需要投入的无功补偿容量，从而确认电容器组的投切组数和最佳配置方案等。The configuration plan includes: according to the line load and the current power factor, calculate the reactive power compensation capacity that needs to be invested in the line, so as to confirm the number of switching groups of the capacitor bank and the optimal configuration plan.
2)判断所述台区的10kV线路是否有调压装置，是则进入线路调压分析控制模块进行分析计算，给出线路调压器的分接头调整方案，否则进入步骤3)；2) Judging whether the 10kV line in the station area has a voltage regulating device, if so, enter the line voltage regulation analysis control module for analysis and calculation, and provide the tap adjustment scheme of the line voltage regulator, otherwise enter step 3);
调整方案包括：如根据线路调压器后面线路电压的情况，确定调压器的档位位置，在确保线路首端不过电压的情况下，尽量提高线路末端的电压。The adjustment plan includes: for example, according to the condition of the line voltage behind the line voltage regulator, determine the gear position of the voltage regulator, and increase the voltage at the end of the line as much as possible while ensuring that the first end of the line does not exceed the voltage.
3)判断所述台区的10kV线路是否过长或过载，若过长或过载则进入所述线路负荷分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出线路更换和负荷调整的建议性方案，否则结束所述10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程。3) Judging whether the 10kV line in the station area is too long or overloaded, if it is too long or overloaded, enter the line load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and give a suggested plan for line replacement and load adjustment, otherwise end the described 10kV line voltage quality analysis and judgment process.
过长是指线路供电距离超出线路的供电半径，该半径一般由负荷距计算得到。Too long means that the power supply distance of the line exceeds the power supply radius of the line, which is generally calculated from the load distance.
建议性方案包括：如调整该线路的负荷到其它相邻或新建的线路等。Suggested solutions include: such as adjusting the load of this line to other adjacent or newly built lines, etc.
(5)判断所述第N条馈线上的用户监测点i的电压是否合格，是则进行步骤(6)，否则进行配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程后进入步骤(6)；(5) Judging whether the voltage of the user monitoring point i on the N feeder is qualified, if so, proceed to step (6), otherwise enter step (6) after carrying out the distribution transformer stage voltage quality analysis and judgment process;
本实施例安装的监测点包括用户层监测点，配电台区低压侧监测点，中压线路监测点和变电站母线监测点。设一共有n个监测点，来分析判断整个馈线下面用户的电压质量情况；但具体个数和安装点由工程师自己确定。The monitoring points installed in this embodiment include user layer monitoring points, low-voltage side monitoring points in the distribution station area, medium-voltage line monitoring points and substation bus monitoring points. There are a total of n monitoring points to analyze and judge the voltage quality of users under the entire feeder; but the specific number and installation points are determined by the engineer himself.
配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程的步骤包括：The steps of the voltage quality analysis and judgment process in the distribution transformer station area include:
(a)计算所述配电变压器台区负荷三相不平衡率；(a) Calculate the three-phase unbalance rate of the load in the distribution transformer station area;
(b)判断步骤(a)所述三相不平衡率是否大于设定值II，是则进入三相不平衡治理模块进行数据分析，否则进入步骤(c)；(b) judge whether the three-phase unbalance rate described in step (a) is greater than the set value II, and then enter the three-phase unbalance management module for data analysis, otherwise enter step (c);
本实施例的数据分析包括分析每相线路所带的负荷情况，计算出每条负荷的调整方案，如A相负荷为80kVA，B相负荷为50kVA，C相负荷为20kVA，则方案结果就为应将30kVA的A相负荷调整到C相。如果线路间安装有三相不平衡治理装置，则发出启动该装置的信息等。The data analysis of the present embodiment includes analyzing the load situation of each phase line, and calculates the adjustment scheme of each load, such as the phase A load is 80kVA, the B phase load is 50kVA, and the C phase load is 20kVA, then the result of the scheme is A phase A load of 30kVA should be adjusted to phase C. If a three-phase unbalance control device is installed between the lines, a message to start the device will be issued.
(c)判断所述台区的功率因数cosθ是否小于设定值III，是则进入台区无功补偿模块进行数据分析，否则进入步骤(d)；(c) judging whether the power factor cosθ of the station area is less than the set value III, if so, enter the reactive power compensation module of the station area for data analysis, otherwise enter step (d);
本实施例分析的数据包括配变的电压、电流、功率因数、无功补偿装置的类型、容量及投切情况等；根据配电变压器的容量和需要达到的功率因数，计算出该配变需要投入的无功补偿容量，从而得到电容器组的投切组数和最佳配置方案等。The data analyzed in this embodiment includes the voltage, current, power factor of the distribution transformer, the type, capacity and switching status of the reactive power compensation device, etc.; according to the capacity of the distribution transformer and the power factor to be achieved, the distribution transformer needs The input reactive power compensation capacity can be used to obtain the switching group number and optimal configuration scheme of the capacitor bank.
(d)判断所述台区配电变压器的分接头是否能调节，是则进入配电变压器分接头调整模块进行分析计算，给出配电变压器分接头的调整方案，否则进入步骤(e)；(d) Judging whether the tap of the distribution transformer in the station area can be adjusted, if so, enter the distribution transformer tap adjustment module for analysis and calculation, and provide an adjustment scheme for the distribution transformer tap, otherwise enter step (e);
判断台区配电变压器的分接头如果还能调节，即有调节裕度，则进入配电变压器分接头调整模块进行分析计算，给出配电变压器分接头的调整方案。调整方案包括：根据低压线路电压的情况，确定调压器的档位位置，在确保线路首端不过电压的情况下，尽量提高线路末端的电压。如低压线路首端电压为U0，末端为0.9U0，此时可以调节配变分接头(如从0档跳到-2档)使得低压线路首端电压为1.05U0，末端为0.94U0，此时整条线路电压都在合格范围内。It is judged that if the tap of the distribution transformer in the station area can be adjusted, that is, there is an adjustment margin, then enter the distribution transformer tap adjustment module for analysis and calculation, and give an adjustment plan for the distribution transformer tap. The adjustment plan includes: according to the voltage situation of the low-voltage line, determine the gear position of the voltage regulator, and increase the voltage at the end of the line as much as possible while ensuring that the voltage at the head end of the line does not exceed the voltage. For example, the voltage at the head end of the low-voltage line is U0 and the end is 0.9U0 . At this time, the distribution joint can be adjusted (such as jumping from gear 0 to -2) so that the voltage at the head end of the low-voltage line is 1.05U0 and the end is 0.94U.0 , at this time the entire line voltage is within the qualified range.
(e)判断所述台区是否过负荷，是则进入台区过负荷判断治理模块进行分析计算，给出更换配变容量、数量的调整方案或负荷转供的建议方案，否则进入步骤(f)；(e) Judging whether the station area is overloaded, if yes, enter the station area overload judgment management module for analysis and calculation, and give a proposal for replacing the distribution transformer capacity, quantity adjustment scheme or load transfer, otherwise enter step (f );
台区过负荷是指该台区下所带的所有负荷容量之和超过台区配电变压器的容量，此时的判断治理模块建议用户改用更大容量的配电变压器或增加配电变压器的布点，或转供负荷等。Area overload means that the sum of all load capacities under the area exceeds the capacity of the distribution transformer in the area. At this time, the judgment and management module recommends that the user switch to a distribution transformer with a larger capacity or increase the capacity of the distribution transformer. Layout, or transfer load, etc.
(f)判断所述监测点i的线路是否过载，是则进入线路负荷分析判断模块进行分析计算，给出线路更换或负荷转供的建议方案，否则进入步骤(g)；(f) judging whether the line at the monitoring point i is overloaded, if so, enter the line load analysis and judgment module for analysis and calculation, and provide a proposal for line replacement or load transfer, otherwise enter step (g);
具体的，线路负荷分析判断模块主要根据过载线路供电半径情况，如果线路没有超出供电半径，则建议更换更粗的导线；如果超出供电半径就建议新建配变台区转供线路末端的负荷等。Specifically, the line load analysis and judgment module is mainly based on the power supply radius of the overloaded line. If the line does not exceed the power supply radius, it is recommended to replace the thicker wire; if it exceeds the power supply radius, it is recommended to build a distribution transformer area to transfer the load at the end of the line.
(g)确认监测装置正常工作，结束。(g) Confirm that the monitoring device works normally, end.
(6)判断所述监测点i是否小于监测点数n，是则更新N值并返回步骤(1)，否则更新i值并返回步骤(5)；(6) judge whether described monitoring point i is less than monitoring point number n, then update N value and return to step (1), otherwise update i value and return to step (5);
一个电压质量监控系统下有N条10kV馈线，需要逐一判断；而每条馈线下有n个监测点，也需要逐一判断，本实施例的的n指的就是某条馈线下的监测点数量。There are N 10kV feeders under a voltage quality monitoring system, which need to be judged one by one; and there are n monitoring points under each feeder, which also need to be judged one by one. The n in this embodiment refers to the number of monitoring points under a certain feeder.
所述更新N值是将下一条馈线的出口处的电压数据作为新的N值。The update of the N value is to use the voltage data at the exit of the next feeder as the new N value.
(7)确定电压质量报告。(7) Determine the voltage quality report.
根据步骤(1)-(7)，判断完所有的10kV馈线后，结束此循环，并形成相关电压质量报告。According to steps (1)-(7), after judging all the 10kV feeders, end this cycle and form a relevant voltage quality report.
本实施例的设定值I是根据经验，一般10kV馈线线路下所有台区的合格率在50％-90％之间，本实施例取值为70％；The setting
本实施例的设定值II是根据《架空配电线路及设备运行规程》规定，变压器三相负荷不平衡度不应大于15％，本实施例取值为15％；The setting value II of this embodiment is based on the provisions of the "Overhead Power Distribution Lines and Equipment Operation Regulations", the three-phase load imbalance of the transformer should not be greater than 15%, and the value of this embodiment is 15%;
本实施例的功率因数是根据国标确定，本实施例的设定值III是根据功率因数的国标值并结合当地地区电压补偿标准给出，本实施例设定值III仅在配电变压器台区电压质量分析判断流程中为0.9，在10kV线路电压质量分析判断流程和变电站电压质量分析判断流程的判断中为0.95。The power factor of this embodiment is determined according to the national standard. The setting value III of this embodiment is given according to the national standard value of power factor and combined with the voltage compensation standard of the local area. The setting value III of this embodiment is only in the distribution transformer area. It is 0.9 in the voltage quality analysis and judgment process, and 0.95 in the judgment of the 10kV line voltage quality analysis and judgment process and the substation voltage quality analysis and judgment process.
本实施例的三相不平衡治理模块、台区无功补偿模块、配电变电站分接头调整模块、台区过负荷判断治理模块、线路负荷分析判断模块、线路功率因数分析治理模块、线路调压分析控制模块、站内无功补偿分析判断模块、主变压器自动调压分析判断模块、主变压器负载情况分析判断模块均可采用计算机实现其功能。图2-图4流程中虚线是指执行完相应模块的操作后自动跳转到沿虚线所示的步骤。In this embodiment, the three-phase unbalance control module, the reactive power compensation module of the station area, the tap adjustment module of the distribution substation, the overload judgment and management module of the station area, the line load analysis and judgment module, the line power factor analysis and management module, and the line voltage regulation The analysis and control module, the reactive power compensation analysis and judgment module in the station, the main transformer automatic voltage regulation analysis and judgment module, and the main transformer load analysis and judgment module can all use computers to realize their functions. The dotted lines in the flow charts in Fig. 2-Fig. 4 indicate that the steps shown along the dotted lines are automatically jumped to after the operation of the corresponding module is executed.
本发明的核心内容是依靠目前先进的通信和自动化基础，实现对区域变电站、中压线路、台区、低压线路、用户等各个层面的电压质量监测和控制；通过与其他自动化系统的通信接口设计，充分发挥已有自动化系统电压质量相关实时数据监控功能，在进行全方位数据采集的基础上，进行数据深度挖掘。通过对电压质量相关数据实时深加工，达到对区域变电站、中压线路、台区、低压线路、用户等各个层面综合治理。根据对实时和历史数据的挖掘和深度分析，为供电企业及时的发现电压质量问题和科学的改善电压质量提供决策支持，同时为区域配电网后续的规划、设计和建设改造提供事实依据。The core content of the present invention is to rely on the current advanced communication and automation foundation to realize the monitoring and control of voltage quality at various levels such as regional substations, medium-voltage lines, station areas, low-voltage lines, and users; through the design of communication interfaces with other automation systems , give full play to the real-time data monitoring function related to the voltage quality of the existing automation system, and carry out deep data mining on the basis of all-round data collection. Through real-time deep processing of voltage quality-related data, comprehensive management of regional substations, medium-voltage lines, station areas, low-voltage lines, and users can be achieved. According to the mining and in-depth analysis of real-time and historical data, it provides decision support for power supply companies to discover voltage quality problems in a timely manner and scientifically improve voltage quality, and provides factual basis for subsequent planning, design, construction and transformation of regional distribution networks.
最后应该说明的是：结合上述实施例仅说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制。所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解到：本领域技术人员可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，但这些修改或变更均在申请待批的权利要求保护范围之中。Finally, it should be noted that: the combination of the above embodiments only illustrates the technical solution of the present invention rather than limiting it. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can make modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific embodiments of the present invention, but these modifications or changes are all within the protection scope of the pending claims.
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